Workbook Activity

WORKBOOK ACTIVITY
1
Table of Contents
TOPICS PAGES
ACTIVITY 1: Introduction To Programming Language 3
ACTIVITY 2: Problem Solving 8
ACTIVITY 3: Programming Life Cycle 32
ACTIVITY 4: Types of Algorithm 58
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ACTIVITY 1: Introduction of Programming Language
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6
By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

1. Differentiate the various categories of programming languages.
2. Explain the language translators.
3. Relate the programming languages application in real life.
CASE STUDY
Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd, an advertising company wants to automate the system of
managing Human Resources (HR) data. The automation involves the staff details, staff payroll
and etc. En. Muhammed wants to hire an IT Programmer to develop a system. He draft a sets
of questions to test the general IT and programming knowledge of a new programmer.
INSTRUCTION:
1. You are one of the candidate for post IT Programmer, Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd.
2. Answer the entire questions below.
Activity 1.1
Activity Outcome: Identify the programming language generation based on the figures given.
Duration : 10 minutes
Look carefully at the images given. The images uniquely represent each programming language
generation that you have learned. Can you identify and match the programming language
generation correctly?
Features
 A collection of binary numbers

understood by a computer.
Features
 Translation to machine language is

performed using compiler or interpreter.
Features
 Also known as symbolic language

because it uses mnemonic code.
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Activity 1.2
Activity Outcome: Distinguish between the various language translators.
Determine the language translator, X and Y in figure below and state TWO (2) of their
advantages and disadvantages.
X Y
Advantages
Disadvantages
Advantages
Disadvantages
4
Activity 1.3
Activity Outcome: Determine the lifecycle of a software project phases.
Re arrange the phases in software project life cycle. Explain activities and task performs by
project team during each phase.
Design Testing Maintenance Build phase Requirements Deployment

phase phase phase gathering phase
phase
Phase Phase Name Activities and task

Level
1
Activity 1.4
Activity Outcome: Determine standards and best practices in writing program codes
List standards and best practices in writing program codes
5
Activity 1.5
Activity Outcome: Determine programming languages application in real life.
Discuss on steps needed to deposit cash on Cash Deposit Machine.
6
Activity 1.6
Activity Outcome: Determine programming languages application in real life.
Discuss and list examples of suitable application which implements programming in real life
application in each field.
Medical
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
Education
on Agricultural
1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
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ACTIVITY 2A: Problem Solving Methods
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 2A.1, 2A.2, 2A.3, 2A.4, 2A.5 and 2A.6

1. Demonstrate the understanding of Programming Life Cycle (PLC).
2. Relate the PLC with the life cycle of a Software Project.
CASE STUDY
managing Human Resources (HR) data. Cik Suria was selected to be an IT programmer for
Infinity Design Solution. En. Mohamed insist to develop a system to manage staff payroll. Cik
Suria has to prepare a proposal for payroll system.
INSTRUCTION:
1. You have been assigned to help Cik Suria to prepare a proposal which include:
 Decide a proper title for the system
 Elaborate a system introduction
 State the problem statements
 Identify an objective
 Explain the phases in Programming Life Cycle (PLC) with examples.
a. Specify the problem
b. Analyze the problem
c. Design the algorithm to solve the problem
d. Implement the algorithm
e. Test and verify the completed program
f. Maintain and update the program
g. Documentation
• manage staff payroll

Case Scenario • (proposal)
Activity 2A.1
Activity Outcome: Decide a proper title for the system
Title/ System name:
8
Activity 2A.2
Activity Outcome: Elaborate a system introduction
System introduction:
Activity 2A.3
Activity Outcome: State the problem statements
Problem statements:
1.
2.
3.
Activity 2A.4
Activity Outcome: Identify an objective
Objectives:
1.
2.
3.
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Activity 2A.5
Activity Outcome: Explain the phases in Programming Life Cycle (PLC) with examples.
Cik Suria asks you to prepare the planning for system development. You have to study the
phases and activities involves in program life cycle. Define the phase definition below to match
the Description with its appropriate Phase by using line in the space provided.
No Description No Phase
Run the program several times using different
1 sets of data Implementation
Process of modifying a software system or

component after delivery to correct faults,
2 improve performance or adapt to a Documentation
changed environment
Identify the input, process and output of the

3 problem Specify the problem
Determine the required form and units in

4 which the results should be displayed Design the algorithm
To build a code base on the algorithm being

Verification and
5 design
Testing
Develop a list of steps called an algorithm to
6 solve the problem Analyzing
A written or graphical report of the steps

Maintenance and
7 taken during the development of a program
update
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Case Scenario • (program life cycle)
Activity 2A.6
Activity Outcome: Relate the PLC with the life cycle of a Software Project.
Based on scenario below, plan phase and activity that involved in Software Development
Method.
PAYROLL SYSTEM
1. Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd. stores the data for employee payroll in file
system. The calculations for payroll are done manually by the clerk.
2. IT Department want to automate the process of payroll calculation by develop
a small application.
3. Programmer will save all data in the database and test whether the system can
calculate the payroll for the employees automatically.
4. Then, the new systems will be tested. The net salary for the employees will be
display and function well
5. All data in file system will transfer into computerized system for easy searching
and data updating.
No Phase Activities
1 Specify the problem
2 Analyzing
3 Design the algorithm
4 Implementation
5 Verification and Testing
6 Maintenance and update
7 Documentation
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ACTIVITY 2B: Problem Solving Methods
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 2B.1, 2B.2, 2B.3, 2B.4 and 2B.5

1. Identify the input, process and output based on problem statement.
2. Illustrate the problem solving concept using IPO chart based on the problem statement.
3. Identify various tools used in problem solving.
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
 System analysis (define input, process and output)
 Create a complete IPO chart
Activity 2B.1
Activity Outcome: System analysis (define input, process and output )
You try to find out some exercises to identify input, process and output from real life application
as below:
Problem 1:
Below is the set of work flows of Auto Pay Machine for Parking Ticket. Select the appropriate
instruction to be place in the correct box by categorizing them into input, process and output
instructions. Highlight / underline your answer.
Set of Instructions:
1) Insert parking ticket ( input / process / output )
2) The payment will be calculated based on the duration ( input / process / output )
3) Parking fee will be displayed ( input / process / output )
4) Pay by notes or coins ( input / process / output )
5) Calculate the change for payment balance ( input / process / output )
6) Processed parking ticket ( input / process / output )
7) Verify amount of money inserted ( input / process / output )
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Problem 2:
Below is the set of work flows of Course Registration for student. Select the appropriate instruction
to be place in the correct box by categorizing them into input, process and output instructions.
Highlight / underline your answer.
Set of Instructions:
1) Save selected class for course registration in the database ( input / process / output )
2) Course registration slip display at the screen ( input / process / output )
3) Select course for registration ( input / process / output )
4) Printed course registration slip ( input / process / output )
5) Enter your ID and password ( input / process / output )
6) System will validate your ID and password ( input / process / output )
7) Select the class that offer the course selected before ( input / process / output )
8) Save selected course registration in the database ( input / process / output )
Activity 2B.2
Activity Outcome: System analysis (Identify input, process and output)
You do some research on defining input, process and output for certain problem as examples
below:
Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers

Calculate total of three Process : Calculate total of three numbers by add all 3 numbers
numbers Output : total of three numbers
Problem 2: Input: birth year, current year
Calculate age Process : Calculate age by current year deduct birth year
Output : age
You try some exercise to get more understanding about defining input, process and output as
below:
Problem 1: Input:
To buy the books from the book shop,
cashier will scan the price of the books and
quantity of the book. Then the system will
calculate the total price of the books. Process :
Output :
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Problem 2: Input:
Aiman wants to know his BMI. His weight is
calculated in kilogram and height is
calculated in meter. Help Aiman to find his Process :
BMI.
Output :
Problem 3: Input:
To rent a video, customer need to scan the
video serial number at our shop scanner
and the details of the video will be save in Process :
the system automatically. Next, the scanner
will print out the details about the video
rental. Lastly, the customer needs to go to
counter and pay for the rental fee. Output :
Problem 4: Input:
Every employee needs to thumb their
fingerprint everyday as proof of their daily
attendance to the work. Then the Process :
attendance system will save the employee
information such as name, time and date.
The information can be printed out at the
end of the month. Output :
Problem 5: Input:
Create a receipt for a list of five (5)
purchased items. Print the total price,
compute the total with 8.25% tax and print Process :
the money tendered (plus any change
given).
Output :
Problem 6: Input:
You have been hired by Prima Hotel as a
programmer. Your task is to develop a
program that can count the total rate by Process :
multiply room rate with number of days,
and add 10% room service charges. Draw
the flowchart by using the problem analysis
below.
Output :
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Problem 7: Input:
Mr Wong is a mathematics teacher. He
wants to teach his students about how to
convert time in hour into the times in Process :
minute. Help Mr Wong to solve his problem.
Output :

Case Scenario • (define input, process, output)
Activity 2B.3
Activity Outcome: System analysis (Identify input, process and output )
Define input, process and output for module manage staff payroll.
Case Senario: Input:

The system will automate the process of
calculate payroll for employees worked at
Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd. Each
employee will be recognized by employee
ID. The system will receive basic salary, Process :
allowance, overtime, income tax and loan
deduction. The system will automatically
calculate the gross salary, total deduction
and net salary for the employee.
Output :
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Activity 2B.4
Activity Outcome: create a complete IPO chart
Cik Suria wants you to summarize your input, process and output into IPO chart. You do some
research on IPO chart as examples below:
Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers

Calculate total of three Process : Calculate total of three numbers by add all 3 numbers
numbers Output : total of three numbers
IPO chart:
Input Process Output

3 numbers Add all 3 numbers Total
Problem 2: Input: birth year, current year

Calculate age Process : Calculate age by current year deduct birth year
Output : age
IPO chart :

birth year, current year current year – birth year age
You try some exercise to get more understanding about IPO chart as below:
PROBLEM IPO CHART

Problem 1:
To buy the books from the book
shop, cashier will scan the price of
the books and quantity of the
book. Then the system will
calculate the total price of the
books.
Problem 2:
Aiman wants to know his BMI. His
weight is calculated in kilogram
and height is calculated in meter.
Help Aiman to find his BMI.
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Problem 3:
Mr Wong is a mathematics
teacher. He wants to teach his
students about how to convert
time in hour into the times in
minute. Help Mr Wong to solve his
problem.

Case Scenario • (IPO chart)
Activity 2B.5
Activity Outcome: create a complete IPO chart
Define IPO chart for module manage staff payroll.
Case Senario:
The system will automate the process of calculate payroll for employees worked at
Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd. Each employee will be recognized by employee ID.
The system will receive basic salary, allowance, overtime, income tax and loan
deduction. The system will automatically calculate the gross salary, total deduction
and net salary for the employee.
IPO chart :
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ACTIVITY 2C: Problem Solving Methods
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 2C.1, 2C.2 and 2C.3

1. Write an algorithm.
2. Identify the various types of algorithm (Pseudo code).
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
 System design (algorithm and pseudo code )
Activity 2C.1
Activity Outcome: System design (algorithm and pseudo code )
Cik Suria ask you to proceed with system design. You have to write an algorithm for problem
analysis created before. You do some research on algorithm as examples below:
PROBLEM PROBLEM ANALYSIS PROBLEM DESIGN (ALGORITHM)

Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers 1. Enter 3 numbers
Calculate total of three Process : Calculate total 2. Calculate total of three numbers
numbers of three numbers by add 3. Display total of three numbers
all 3 numbers
Output : total of three
numbers
Problem 2: Input: birth year, current 1. Enter birth year, current year
Calculate age year 2. Calculate age
Process : Calculate age 2.1 (current year – birth year) as age
by current year deduct 3. Display age
birth year
Output : age
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You try some exercise to get more understanding about algorithm as below:
PROBLEM ALGORITHM
Problem 1:
calculate the total price of the books.
Problem 2:
calculated in meter. Help Aiman to find his
BMI.
Problem 3:
and the details of the video will be save in
counter and pay for the rental fee.
Problem 4:
attendance to the work. Then the
end of the month.
Problem 5:
compute the total with 8.25% tax and print
given).
Problem 6:
program that can count the total rate by
below.
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Problem 7:
convert time in hour into the times in
Problem 8:
below.
Activity 2C.2
Activity Outcome: System design (algorithm and pseudocode )
After study about algorithm, Cik Suria wants you to you do some research on writing pseudo
code.
PROBLEM PROBLEM ANALYSIS PROBLEM DESIGN (PSEUDO CODE)
Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers Start
Calculate total of three Process : Calculate total Enter 3 number (num1, num2, num3)
numbers of three numbers by add Calculate total of three numbers
all 3 numbers Total of three numbers = num1 +
Output : total of three num2 + num3
numbers Display total of three numbers
End
Problem 2: Input: birth year, current Start
Calculate age year Enter birth year, current year
Process : Calculate age Calculate age
by current year deduct age = current year – birth year
birth year Display age
Output : age End
You try some exercise to get more understanding about pseudo code as below:
PROBLEM PSEUDO CODE

Problem 1:
20
Problem 2:
BMI.
Problem 3:
Problem 4:
end of the month.
Problem 5:
given).
Problem 6:
below.
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Problem 7:
Problem 8:
below.

Activity 2C.3
Activity Outcome: System design (algorithm and pseudocode )
Define algorithm and pseudo code for module manage staff payroll.
PROBLEM
Case Senario:
The system will automate the process of calculate payroll for employees worked at Infinity Design
Solution Sdn. Bhd. Each employee will be recognized by employee ID. The system will receive gross
income, allowance, overtime, income tax and loan deduction. The system will automatically
calculate the total income, total deduction and net salary for the employee.
ALGORITHM PSEUDO CODE
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ACTIVITY 2D: Problem Solving Methods
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 2D.1, 2D.2, 2D.3 and 2D.4

1. Identify the various types of algorithm (Flow chart).
2. Develop flowchart using problem solving tools (Raptor).
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
 System design (flow chart )
Activity 2D.1
Activity Outcome: System design (flow chart )
Cik Suria propose the algorithm and pseudo En. Muhammed. En. Muhammed wants to convert
the algorithm or pseudo code into flow chart. Cik Suria ask you to proceed with system design
and try to convert algorithm and pseudo code into flow chart. You do some research on flow
chart as examples below:
PROBLEM DESIGN
PROBLEM PROBLEM DESIGN (FLOW CHART)
(ALGORITHM)
Problem 1: 1. Enter 3 numbers
Calculate total 2. Calculate total of three Start
of three numbers
numbers 3. Display total of three
numbers num1, num2, num3
total = num1 + num2 + num3
display total
End
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Problem 2: 1. Enter birth year, current
Calculate age year
Start
2. Calculate age
2.1 (current year – birth
year) as age birth year, current year
3. Display age
age = current year – birth year
display age
End
You try some exercise to get more understanding about algorithm as below:
PROBLEM FLOW CHART

Problem 1:
Problem 2:
BMI.
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Problem 3:
Problem 4:
end of the month.
25
Problem 5:
given).
Problem 6:
below.
26
Problem 7:
minute. Help Mr Wong to solve his problem
by construct a flowchart.
Problem 8:
below.
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Activity 2D.2
Activity Outcome: System design (algorithm, pseudo code and flow chart )
After study about algorithm, Cik Suria wants you to you do some exercise on converting
between algorithm, pseudo code and flow chart.
ALGORITHM FLOW CHART
1) Input gross_income, cost, allowance,

overtime
2) Calculate net income using formula:
net_income = (gross_income –
cost) + allowance + overtime
3) Display net_income
1) Input meter
2) Convert meter to kilometer
2.1) kilometer = meter * 1000
3) Display kilometer
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FLOW CHART PSEUDO CODE
START
Set Total = 0, Average = 0;
Input quiz1, quiz2, quiz3;
Calculate Total
Total = quiz1 + quiz2 + quiz3;
Calculate Average
Average = Total / 3;
Display Average;
END
START
Set total sale = 0
Input
item_price
discount_price = item_price * 25%
new_price =item_price – discount_price
Print discount_price and

new_price
END
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Activity 2D.3
Activity Outcome: System design (flow chart )
Draw flow chart for module manage staff payroll.
PROBLEM
Case Senario:
FLOW CHART
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Activity 2D.4
Activity Outcome: Develop flowchart using problem solving tools (Raptor).
Cik Suria just realizes that instead of using Microsoft Word to develop flow chart, you can use
Raptor tools to develop flow chart more easily. You do some research on Raptor tools and try to
develop all flow chart in Lab 2D.1, 2D.2 and 2D.3 by using Raptor tools.
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ACTIVITY 3A: Fundamentals of Programming Language
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 3A.1, 3A.2, 3A.3, 3A.4 and 3A.5

1. Define Identifier, variable, constant and reserved word.
2. Apply the correct naming conventions.
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
1. Define the appropriate data type for each input, process and output.
2. Define proper correct naming convention for identifier.
Activity 3A.1
Activity Outcome: Identify the data type for the expression below.
Based on expression below, you are required to determine the data type for each expression
below:
No Expression Data Type
1 Number123
2 2016
3 -0.000000001
4 0.741
5 X
6 $
7 173.00
8 ()
9 grade
10 123456
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Activity 3A.2
Activity Outcome: Identify the variables and data type based on the problems.
Based on the problem given, writes the suitable variable and data type.
1. Calculate area of a circle using a given radius.

Variable Data type
2. Age can be calculated based on the birth year and the current year. State the suitable
variable and the data type to complete the calculation.
Variable Data type
3. You are creating a simple program to identify if a student passed or fail for their marks in the
mid semester test. State the suitable variable and data type to complete the program.
Variable Data type
4. A shopping mall is currently having a sale for the coming festive season. All groceries item will
be given 20% discount and all clothing item will be given 15% discount. State the suitable
variable and the correct data type to calculate the discounted price for all items bought in
the shopping mall.
Variable Data type
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5. A simple program is created to store personal data of an employee. The information that
needs to be store includes full name, phone number and employee number. State the
suitable variable and data type to complete the program.
Variable Data type
Activity 3A.3
Activity Outcome: Understand identifier, variable, constant and reserved words.
1. Give the meaning of variable and constant and briefly explain the different between
variable and constant?
Variable Constant
2. Based on the table below, answer TRUE or FALSE.
NO RESERVED WORD TRUE/FALSE
1 break
2 number
3 return
4 braces
5 void
6 while
7 word
8 if
9 continue
10 int
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3. Explain the function of the following terms and include 1 example of usage in C++
programming.
Terms Function Example
const
true
and
return
Activity 3A.4
Activity Outcome: Understand how to write the correct rules of naming identifier.
1. Which of the following variables, identify valid or invalid? If invalid, give the reason.
NO RESERVED WORD VALID / INVALID REASON
1 Age
2 !ex
3 R79J
4 TotalIncome
5 _invalid
6 #validhashtag
7 100student
8 my_polytechnic
9 ILike Reading
10 num,ber1
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2. State “TRUE” or “FALSE” for each of the variables declaration below.
NO VARIABLE DECLARATIONS TRUE / FALSE
int class;
1
float price$;
2
int &studentName;
3
char %discountRate;
4
int Student IC;

5
int _ICnumber;
6
char 4saleItem;
7
int register;
8
char switch;
9
int enum;
10
36
• Define data type for each input, process,
Case Scenario output
• Correct naming conventions for identifier.
Activity 3A.5
Activity Outcome: System design (variable and data type )
Define the correct variable and data type for module manage staff payroll.
PROBLEM
Case Senario:
VARIABLE DATA TYPE
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ACTIVITY 3B: Fundamentals of Programming Language
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 3B.1, 3B.2, 3B.3, 3B.4 and 3B.5

Use following operators in a program :
 Assignment operators
 Arithmetic operators
 Relational operators
 Logical operator
 Increment and Decrement operators
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
 Determine appropriate operators for use in the system.

 Write the correct expression with using suitable operator to archive the system’s objective.
Activity 3B.1
Activity Outcome: Solve problem using Assignment and Arithmetic operators.
1. Find the value for the following expression. Show your steps of solution.
a. ( 1 + 2 ) + 6 * 4 / 2 – 1 b. ( 6 + 4 ) / 2 – 4
c. 6 * 3 / 6 + 9 d. 5 + 5 * ( 6 – 2)
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2. Given integer variables x = 10, y = 7 and z = 2. Determine the value of each of the
arithmetic expression.
a. x + 2y – z b. x / z – (x * x + y)
c. (x * y) % z d. 5 (x + y + z) – x / z
e. xy – xz f. y (x + z) (x – y)
3. Given the following declaration and initial assignments p = 6, q = 2 and r = 3. Determine

the value of each of the following assignments.
a. p + 3q - r b. p / r + ( p * p + r)
c. r ( p +q ) (p –q) d. 12/ p + ( p + q – r) – 6 / r
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Activity 3B.2
Activity Outcome: Solve problem using Relational and Logical operators.
1. Determine whether the expression below is TRUE or FALSE if X = 2, Y = 6 and Fish =

FALSE. Show your steps of solution.
Expression TRUE / FALSE

i. ( X ==Y ) || ( Y <=3 )
ii. Fish && ( X > Y )
iii. ( X >= 0 ) && ( X <= Y )
iv. Fish && (! Fish)
v. ! Fish || ! (! Fish)
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2. Given the value a = 0, b = 6 and c = 3. Write TRUE for the true expression and FALSE for
the false expression. Show all the steps clearly.
i. ! ( a == 0) && (b != 2)
ii. ( (a == c) && ( b == c) ) || (a < 1)
iii. ! ( !( c !=4) || !(4 ==2) || !(a==0) )
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Activity 3B.3
Activity Outcome: Write expression to solve problem by using appropriate operators.
1. Given the value a = 4, b = 8. Find the answer by showing all the steps clearly.
a. answer = !(a==b) && (a>b)
b. answer = !(a==2) || (a<b)
c. answer = ((a + b > b) && (a == a)) || (b == a)
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2. Given the following scenario. Identify the formula needed that combine operators to
solve the problems.
a. You want to buy 2 different types of magazines. Given the price of the
magazine and the number of magazines purchased, determine and print
the total price to be paid.
b. I-City supermarket provides 15% discount from actual price. Find a solution to
calculate the new price after discount given.
c. You are required to calculate total investment with dividends. Assume that
the profit rate is 7.85% and the amount of your investment is RM15 000.
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Activity 3B.4
Activity Outcome: Write answer for increments and decrements operators.
Determine whether the expression below is TRUE or FALSE and explain why you choose the
answer.

i. x = x+1;
is the same as
x++;
ii. x = x-1;
is the same as
x--;
iii. int a = 5
a++
answer = a is now 6
iv. int a = 5
int c
c = a++
answer = c is now 6
v. int b = 7
++a
answer = a is now 7
iv. int a = 10
a--
answer = a is now 10
iiv. int a = 5
--a
answer = a is now 4
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• Write the correct expression in a program
Case Scenario by using appropriate operators.
Activity 3B.5
Activity Outcome: System design (process expression/formula )
Write the correct expression with suitable operator to calculate payroll.
PROBLEM
Case Senario:
Process Expression (formula)
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ACTIVITY 3C: Fundamentals of Programming Language
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 3C.1, 3C.2, 3C.3 and 3C.4

1. Apply control structure into pseudocode and flow chart.
2. Choose the appropriate control structure to design system.
CASE STUDY
INSTRUCTION:
3. Illustrate the flow of control structure using pseudocode and flow chart in design
system.
Activity 3C.1
Activity Outcome: Write pseudo code and flowchart for selection control structure in solving
given problems.
Based on the problems given, write the pseudo code and flowchart for selection control
structure.
1. Program that receives the current temperature as input. If the temperature is 80 degrees
or more, output a message telling the user to go swimming, otherwise, if the temperature
is 50 degrees or more, output a message to go running, otherwise stay inside.
a. Pseudo Code
46
b. Flowchart
47
2. Jusco Supermarket is now offering some discount on selected items for Carnival Mega
sale. Help the supermarket cashiers to calculate the net price of the selected product’s
below.
Position Discount
1. Food Item 5%
2. Health Item 6%
3. Electric Item 9%
4. Cloth Item 4%
a. Pseudo code
48
b. Write a Flowchart
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Activity 3C.2
Activity Outcome: Write pseudo code and flowchart using repetition control structures in solving
given problems.
1. Based on the algorithm below, prepare a pseudo code and flowchart for each type of
repetition control structures.
1. Initialize Counter = 1; average = 0; Total = 0;

2. Input number.
3. Add Total using formula:
Total = Total + number
4. Add Counter using formula:
Counter = Counter + 1
5. Compare whether Counter is greater than 5.
If yes, go to step 6.
If no, go to step 2.
6. Calculate Average of numbers using formula:
Average = Total / 5
7. Display Average.
a. Pseudo code:
For Loop
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While Loop
Do..While Loop
51
b. Flowchart:
For Loop While Loop Do..While Loop
52
2. A class of ten students took a quiz. The mark is between the ranges 0 - 25 for this quiz is
available to you. Determine the average mark for this quiz. Based on this problem, you
are required to:
a) Identify the input, process and output for this problem.
Input
Process
Output
b) Write a pseudo code and flowchart to solve the problem given.
Pseudo code:
53
Flowchart:
54
Activity 3C.3
Activity Outcome: Design the pseudocode and flowchart for a given case study using problem
solving tools.
1. A car park has the following charges. The 1st hours cost RM2.00. The sub sequent hours
cost RM1.00 per hour. Design the algorithm for this problem and draw flowchart using
problem solving tools.
55
2. Calculate the salary that employee get based on number of working. Rate of the
payment is RM8.00 per hour but the salary will be deducted with 10% KWSP. By using a
repetition control structure, write pseudo code and design a flowchart using problem
solving tools to calculate the total salary of 5 employees and the average salary of the
employee.
56
• illustrate flow of control structure in a
Case Scenario program.
Activity 3C.4
Activity Outcome: System design (write pseudocode and darw flowchart)
Illustrare the flow of control structure using pseudocode and floechart.
PROBLEM
Case Senario:
Pseudocode Flowchart
57
ACTIVITY 4A: Basic Programming Codes
Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 4A.1, 4A.2 and 4A.3

1. Identify basic elements of the programming language.
2. Identify input, process and output from the given codes.
3. Construct pseudo code and flowchart based on given programming code.
CASE STUDY
Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd, has received your application as an industrial student to run
your practical in this company for three months. Miss Suria whom is the IT programmer for
Infinity Design Solution is pointed to be your supervisor. As you are new in working environment;
Miss Suria plan to brief you on the programming language elements before major tasks are
appointed to you.
INSTRUCTION:
Your task is to convince Miss Suria that you are familiar with the programming language
elements by filling up all the boxes:
Diagram 1
58
• Identify basic elements of programming
Case Scenario language
Activity 4A.1
Activity Outcome: Programming Language Elements
Duration : 1 hour
Your task is to convince Miss Suria that you are familiar with the programming language
elements by filling up all the boxes:
PROBLEM SOLUTION
Problem 1:
A
Based on the case study programming
B
language, identify the elements noted in A-G
C
D
E
F
G
Problem 2:
You are required to identify the basic
elements of the programming code below: a. Comment :
// Program to display the message

// Welcome to a new language b. Preprocessor directive :
#include <iostream>
using namespace std; c. Main function :
int main()
d. Reserved word :
{
cout << " Welcome to C++
Programming Language! "; e. Special symbol :
return 0;
} f. Punctuation :
g. Statements :
59
Problem 3:
Program Input:
You need to identify and write out the
program input, process and output. Please
refer to Diagram 1 to answer this question. Process:
Program Output:
60
• Define program code
Case Scenario • Construct flowchart
Activity 4A.2
Activity Outcome: Constructing Flowchart
Miss Suria has provided you with extra tasks to perform a flowchart based on the codes given :
GIVEN CODE CONVERT TO FLOW CHART
// AddTwoNumbers
// Computes the sum of two numbers
inputed at the keyboard.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
int a, b, total ;
cout << "Input numbers to be
added: " << endl;
cin >> a >> b ;
total = a + b ;
cout << "The sum is " << total
<< endl;
return 0;
61
}
• Define program code

Case Scenario • Construct pseudocode
Activity 4A.3
Activity Outcome: Constructing Pseudocode
Miss Suria has added you with another tasks to perform pseudocode based on the codes given :
GIVEN CODE CONVERT TO PSEUDOCODE
// AddTwoNumbers
// Computes the sum of two numbers
inputed at the keyboard.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
int a, b, total ;
cout << "Input numbers to be
added: " << endl;
cin >> a >> b ;
total = a + b ;
62
cout << "The sum is " << total
<< endl;
return 0;
ACTIVITY 4B: Basic Programming Codes

Duration: 2 Hours
Learning Outcomes
This lab activity encompasses activities 4B.1, 4B.2, 4B.3 and 4B.4

1. Declare variables/ constant used in problems given.
2. Write a basic program codes based on problem given.
3. Construct pseudo code and flowchart based on given programming code.
CASE STUDY
Congratulations to you!!
You have impressed Miss Suria on your capability to solve the task handed to you in 4A.
Therefore, Infinity Design Solution Sdn. Bhd, with the supervision of Miss Suria has given you the
task to help Finance Unit in completing payroll system. The scenario is that; Infinity Design
Solution announces that it wants to increase employees salary by 13% from gross pay and 5 %
from allowance received.
Instruction: Follow the process below in completing your codes.
63
Case Scenario • Identify input, process, output
Activity 4B.1
Activity Outcome: Identify input, process and output
Task 1: You must identify the input, process and output from the given task
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
64
Case Scenario • Construct Flowchart
Activity 4B.2
Activity Outcome: Constructing Flowchart
Task 1: Construct a flowchart of the given task based on 4B.1
Flowchart
65
Case Scenario • Construct Pseudocode
Activity 4B.3
Activity Outcome: Constructing Pseudocode
Task 1: Construct a pseudocode of the given task based on 4B.2
Pseudocode
66
Case Scenario • Write Program Code
Activity 4B.4
Activity Outcome: Write program code
Task 1: Write a complete code of the given task based on 4B.3
Program Code
67
68

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WORKBOOK ACTIVITY

ACTIVITY 1: Introduction To Programming Language 3

ACTIVITY 2: Problem Solving 8

ACTIVITY 3: Programming Life Cycle 32

ACTIVITY 4: Types of Algorithm 58

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

 A collection of binary numbers

 Translation to machine language is

 Also known as symbolic language

Design Testing Maintenance Build phase Requirements Deployment

Phase Phase Name Activities and task

List standards and best practices in writing program codes

Discuss on steps needed to deposit cash on Cash Deposit Machine.

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

• manage staff payroll

Title/ System name:

Process of modifying a software system or

Identify the input, process and output of the

Determine the required form and units in

To build a code base on the algorithm being

A written or graphical report of the steps

1 Specify the problem

3 Design the algorithm

5 Verification and Testing

6 Maintenance and update

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers

• manage staff payroll

Case Senario: Input:

Problem 1: Input: 3 numbers

Input Process Output

Problem 2: Input: birth year, current year

Input Process Output

PROBLEM IPO CHART

• manage staff payroll

Define IPO chart for module manage staff payroll.

Input Process Output

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

PROBLEM PROBLEM ANALYSIS PROBLEM DESIGN (ALGORITHM)

PROBLEM PSEUDO CODE

• manage staff payroll

ALGORITHM PSEUDO CODE

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

total = num1 + num2 + num3

age = current year – birth year

PROBLEM FLOW CHART

ALGORITHM FLOW CHART

1) Input gross_income, cost, allowance,

Set total sale = 0

discount_price = item_price * 25%

new_price =item_price – discount_price

Print discount_price and

Draw flow chart for module manage staff payroll.

By the end of this practical session, you should be able to:

No Expression Data Type

1. Calculate area of a circle using a given radius.

Variable Data type

Variable Data type

Variable Data type

Variable Data type

2. Based on the table below, answer TRUE or FALSE.

NO RESERVED WORD TRUE/FALSE