BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB

Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

Test Engine
Liebherr Dieselmotor 934 S A6
4 Cylinders Turbodiesel,
intercooler, unit pump, EDC

Power : 105 kW at 2000 rpm

Displacement: 6,36 dm3
Bore x stroke: 136 x 122 mm
Compression ratio: 17 : 1

Emission values according to:

97/68/EG Stage IIIA

EPA / CARB Tier 3
88/77/EWG ---

torque [Nm]
power [kW]

speed [rpm]
[Liebherr Machines Bulle SA]

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BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB
Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

Measured values
n rpm engine speed
M Nm torque
Gair kg/h air mass flow
Vfuel l/h fuel flow
tSS s time of particulates sampling
PMfilter mg particle mass on the filter

twater °C cooling water temperature

toil °C oil temperature
troom °C temperature in the testing room
t1 °C temperature on air filter
t2 °C temperature before compressor
t3 °C temperature after compressor
t4 °C temperature after intercooler
t5 °C temperature before turbine
t6 °C temperature after turbine
t7 °C temperature before particle trap
t8 °C temperature after particle trap

pwv mbar partial pressure of the water vapor

patm mbar atmospheric pressure in the testing room
p2 mbar rel. pressure before compressor
p3 mbar rel. pressure after compressor
p4 mbar rel. pressure after intercooler
p5 mbar rel. pressure before turbine
p6 mbar rel. pressure after turbine
p7 mbar rel. pressure before particle trap
p8 mbar rel. pressure after particle trap

CO ppm
HC3FID ppm
HC6IR ppm
NO ppm
NO2 ppm volumetric concentration of the emissions
NOX ppm
CO2 high % high: exhaust
CO2 low % low: diluted sample (smart sampler)
CO2 room % CO2- concentration in the testing room
O2 %

BSN - Bosch smoke number

Rroom % rel. humidity in the testing room

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BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB
Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

Calculated values
Pe kW power
pme bar mean effectiv pressure
Gfuel kg/h fuel mass flow
be g/kWh specific fuel consumption
e - effective efficiency
 mm3/stroke injection quantity
 - global equivalence ratio
Gexh kg/h exhaust mass flow
PMengine g/h particle mass emission
PM g/kWh
CO g/kWh specific emissions
HC g/kWh
NOX g/kWh
DF - dilution factor (dilution tunnel)

Abbreviations
BSN Bosch smoke number
CPC condensation particle counter
DC diffusion charging sensor
DMA differential mobility analyser
DPF diesel particle filter
EC elemental carbon
ECFE elemental carbon filtration efficiency
INSOF insoluble fraction
MD19 heated minidiluter
NanoMet nanoparticle summary surface analyser (PAS, DC and
MD19)
NP nanoparticulates
OC organic carbon
PAK, PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PAS photoelectrical aerosol sensor
PM particulate matter, particle mass
PMFE particulate mass filtration efficiency
PC particle count
PCFE particulate counts filtration efficiency (20 – 300 nm)
SOF soluble organic fraction
SMPS scanning mobility particles sizer (DMA + CPC)
TC total carbon

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BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB
Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

Schema of measuring setup

fuel mechanical
fuel tank cooled pump
Gfuel
EDC

cooling water
from main
water supply
t4, p4
intercooler

tH2O toil tfuel

brake
Schenck
W450
engine Liebherr D 934 S A6

n, M

t5, p5 t3, p3
air
Gair filter t1
t6, p6 t2, p2

particle trap, minidiluter Bosch smoke

measurement
catalytic converter MD 19 CO, HCFID, HCIR,
or neither NO, NOx, CO2, O2
t7, p7 silencer ventilation
t8, p8 TC
partial dilution opacimetry
tunnel heating
SMART
SAMPLER
filter element for
gravimetric or DMA DC
dilution air
coulometric analysis CPC PAS
SMPS NanoMet

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BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB
Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

Maximal dimensions for particulate filter

104 ± 4 mm
max. 1000 mm

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BFH | Bern University of Applied Sciences Laboratory for IC-Engines and Exhaust Emission Control | AFHB
Engineering and Information Technology Gwerdtstrasse 5 – 2560 Nidau

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