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El Bosque University
VERENGA III: Annotated Bibliography
Na: Jhoiner Tetê Crespo

- Zvakanaka, Gustavo. Metaphysics: tsananguro uye chinhu metaphysics. Ediciones

Anaya, 1955. Electronic. Chidzidzo chegumi neshanu chePfungwa dzePhilosophy,
nomuzivi wokuSpain Gustavo Bueno. Mariri, tsananguro dzakasiyana
dzemetaphysics dzakapihwa munhoroondo yese yehuzivi dzinoburitswa pachena,
uye sei izvi. sainzi rave richiita mapazi akasiyana-siyana pamusoro paMwari, Nyika,
munhu, tsika, zvichingodaro, richinyepedzera kubuda sezivo inobata mamwe zivo
yose youzivi nesainzi. Ini ndinoiona segwaro rakakosha remusoro wenyaya yangu
yekutsvagisa, sezvo ichizondibvumidza kuita ongororo yekuenzanisa pakati
pemetaphysics nefilosofi, kuona kana, pachedu, zvinosanganisira chinhu chimwe
chete, zvichindibatsira kupindura mubvunzo we kanakuita huzivi kwakafanana
nekuita metaphysics. Chinyorwa chaBueno, nechinangwa chebasa rangu, chinopa
ruzivo rwakakosha maererano neakasiyana madhigirii kana mazinga
emetaphysical abstraction aripo, anogara achinongedza kune.university ruzivo
rwezvinhu, zvandinoona zvichinakidza, tichifunga kuti huzivi hunoita sehune basa
rimwe chete maererano nedzimwe ruzivo, huchienderera mberi se chinangwa-
kudzidza izvi.

- Johannes, Hessen. Dzidziso yezivo. Editores Mexicanos Unidos, SA, Mexico DF, 1978.
Mubasa rekutanga iri, Hessen anoda kutsananguramusimboti wefilosofi. Asi kuti aite izvi,
anotanga achifamba netsika yehuzivi mukutsvaga tsanangudzo yaro, sezvo, maererano
naye, kuziva kuti nzira yehuzivi ndeyei kana kuti uzivi chii, munhu anofanira kutanga aziva.
chii. Iri basa rinoratidzwa se phenomenological ongororo yedzidziso yeruzivo, ichimira
pane imwe neimwe yezviteshi iyo chitima cheuzivi chakapfuura: kubva kuna Plato
naAristotle, kusvika pakubuda kwemafungu makuru epfungwa akapona kusvika mazuva
edu (kana zvishoma kusvika muzana remakore rechi20, rinova zana remakore umo basa
rakagadzirirwa), matambudziko ayo epistemological uye mhinduro dzayo dzakasiyana-
siyana dzemetaphysical.Dzidziso yezivo de Hessen anozonditendera kuti ndipinde mukati
memoyo chaiwo wetsika yehuzivi uye pfungwa yevamiriri vayo vanonyanya kuratidza
zviratidzo, vachindiratidza nenzira ine hushamwari uye yakajeka panorama yepasirese
yehuzivi uye zvayakave yakaumbwa kubva kwayakabva. Tichifunga kuti zvandafunga
kupindura ndezvekuti kana isu tichiita huzivi tinenge tichiita metaphysics, ndinofunga kuti
basa raHessen, pamwe neraGustavo Bueno, richafambisa basa rekuenzanisa.zvose
zvirango, sekunzwisiswa kwazvinoitwa munhoroondo, uye zvinomira kubva
mukusarerekera uye, hongu, chimiro chakakomba chereferensi; iyo yekupedzisira, kuitira
kuti tikwanise kuita mitongo ine chinangwa pamusoro peizvi zvinogonekakufanana chii
chingavepo pakati pemetaphysics uye
 uzivi, uhwo, kunyange husiri chinhu chiri pachena kana kuti chiri nyore kuratidza, pane zvikonzero zvokuzvitenda.
Uye ndizvo zvandicharatidza muchiedza chemabasa maviri aya.

- Hason, R. Norwood. Kucherekedza uye Tsananguro: Nhungamiro kuPhilosofi

yeSainzi. Alianza Editorial, SA, Madrid, 1977. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, basa iri
neAmerican philosopher Norwood Russell Hason itsvakurudzo yenheyo
dzepfungwa dzesayenzi. Mariri, Hason anoita ongororo yakazara yepfungwa
dzakadai se "kutarisa", "chokwadi", "causality", nezvimwewo, zvinorehwa nehuzivi
izvo izvi zvine muchirevo chesainzi uye "huzivi hwepfungwa
dzemicrophysical" (Hason 73) ), mukupindura kupokana kwevamwe vazivi vesainzi
maererano nedzidziso yekutanga yezvimedu kanaquantum physics. Basa raHason
raizondibatsira sei senhungamiro yeuzivi hwesainzi? Sezvo zvandiri kutsvaga
zviratidzo zvekuti huzivi hunobata sei chiitiko chesainzi, kuchisiya ichichidzidza
zvakadzama mukunzwisisa kwayo kwese, mupasi rose. Izvi zvinondibatsira
kujekesa kumwe kusahadzika maererano nekufanana kuripo pakati pehuzivi uye
metaphysics maererano nenzira yavo yekubata kuzara kwezvinhu zvavo
zvekudzidza nekufungisisa zvakadzama pachiyero chazvo. Asi chinonyanya
kukosha ndechekuti basa raHason rinonditenderawo kuti ndipikisane nepfungwa
yechinyakare yemetaphysics, inoti: sechirango chakafa chinobata nezvinhu
zvaizowanikwa sezvazviri.kunze kwefizikisi ("wemweya", "Mwari", mweya wemuviri,
zvichingodaro). Mudzi werusaruro urwu uri mukunzwisisa kwakashata kweizvo
Aristotle akadana kuti "first philosophy", pfungwa yaakataura nayo kudiwa
kwesainzi inokwanisa kudarika zvinonetsa zvesainzi yakakosha, kwete kutsvaga
zvinhu zviri kunze kwenyama. . Nenzira iyi, kuverenga kwangu kweKucherechedza
uye TsananguronaNorwood Hason, iwe uchandipa rezinesi rekutaura kuti
kunyangwe kuita huzivi hwesainzi kuri kuita metaphysics. Metaphysics
inonzwisiswa mupfungwa yeAristotelian, ndiko kuti, mupfungwa yayo chaiyo,
inoda kururamiswa kwayo; uye ndinowana izvi mubhaibheri rinotevera.

- Marías, Julian. Idea yeMetaphysics. Editorial Columba SA, Buenos Aires, 1954. Muchinyorwa
chipfupi ichi, munyori anotifumura matambudziko pamwe netsoropodzo dzawo dzinoenderana
nedzakaburitswa munhoroondo. Asi muChitsauko V, chine musoroKudzokera kumetaphysics,
Marías anotsanangura muchidimbu uye nemutsa kuti kutsoropodza kwezvinonzwisisika
positivism uye Kantianism kwakaunza sei maitiro muzana remakore rechi20 mukusimbisa
metaphysics uye kusakwanisa kweanachronism yayo. Muzivi akapinda zvikurusa muuyu
musungo, mukuwirirana nomunyori, akanga ari Husserl, uyo “akaedza kuita, mukutarisana
nokusarura kunodzora positivism, mhedziso yakakwana uye inobudirira; kutendeka kwake
kumafungiro iwayo kwakamuita, kupfuura chero ani zvake, kusimbisa pasi iro metaphysics
yakatanga zvakare, kunyangwe iye pachake ”. Sei ini ndichisimbisa panguva ino kudzoka (kana
kuti kwete subsistence yemetaphysics) uye inoenderana sei nedingindira rangu? Kusimbisa
hakusi nekuti ini ndinotenda kuti scholastic, Cartesian metaphysics, kana iyowolfana akadzoka
ndokuzadza mabhuku azvino uno ouzivi. Zviri nani nokuti hazvina kukwanadudzira chokwadi
(sezvinonzwisisika positivists vakatenda kunaani chokwadi uye chidzidzo
sainzi wezvechokwadi vaive chinhu chimwe chete), asi kuitora nekuipembedza; uye nokuda
kweizvi, tingave tichida kana kusada, tinofanira kuita metaphysics. Musayendisiti anofungidzira
chokwadi, a nyika sechinhu chakapihwa; kureva musayendisititenda mukuvaNaizvozvo,
kubvunza kwake, kubvunza kwake kwesainzi, kwakaiswa "pre-theoretically" (Marías 35).
Nemamwe mashoko, musayendisiti haazivi kuti zvinhu “zviripo” chii asi anotozvifungidzira
nokutenda kuti zviriko. Musayendisiti ane, naizvozvo, chitendero chemetaphysical (uye
positivists vaizova nayo); uye hunhu hunonetsa hwechokwadi ichi hunochemera huzivi, kana ...
metaphysics?