AR – 2504

HISTORY OF
ARCHITECTURE – IV
TIMELINE FOR
MODERN
ARCHITECTURE

HIMANSHU JANGID
19SA119
 THE CENTENNIAL HALL IS A HISTORIC
BUILDING IN WROCŁAW, POLAND. IT THE BAUHAUS FOUNDATION IN TEL AVIV, ISRAEL, HAS
WAS CONSTRUCTED ACCORDING TO THE A PRIVATE MUSEUM ON THE GROUND FLOOR OF A
PLANS OF ARCHITECT MAX BERG IN BUILDING BUILT IN THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE IN
1911–1913, WHEN THE CITY WAS PART 1934, LOCATED ON 21 BIALIK STREET. IT IS OWNED
OF THE GERMAN EMPIRE. BY AMERICAN BILLIONAIRE, BUSINESSPERSON, ART
COLLECTOR AND PHILANTHROPIST RONALD LAUDER.

THE EINSTEIN TOWER

Fagus Factory
(GERMAN: EINSTEINTURM) IS AN
Walter Gropius and Adolf Meyer, turned the
ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY IN
shoe last factory into an early masterpiece of
THE ALBERT EINSTEIN SCIENCE PARK
modern architectural history. Its fascination owes a
IN POTSDAM, GERMANY BUILT BY
great deal to the light and airy quality of the
ARCHITECT ERICH MENDELSOHN.
main building

THE CHILEHAUS IS A TEN-STORY OFFICE

GROPIUS HOUSE
BUILDING IN HAMBURG, GERMANY. IT IS
WALTER GROPIUS DESIGNED GROPIUS HOUSE AS
LOCATED IN THE KONTORHAUS DISTRICT.
HIS FAMILY MODEST IN SCALE, THE HOUSE WAS
IT IS AN EXCEPTIONAL EXAMPLE OF THE
REVOLUTION- ARY IN IMPACT. GROPIUS HOUSE IS A
1920S BRICK EXPRESSIONISM STYLE OF
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK.GROPIUS HOUSE
ARCHITECTURE.
COMBINED TRADITIONAL ELEMENTS OF NEW
ENGLAND ARCHITECTURE

EXPRESSIONISM & NEO EXPRESSIONIAM 1920’s CONSTRUCTIVISM 1920s BAUHAUS 1920s

THE ZUYEV WORKERS' CLUB IN MOSCOW IS A

PROMINENT WORK OF CONSTRUCTIVIST
ARCHITECTURE. IT WAS DESIGNED BY ILYA
GOLOSOV (1883–1945) IN 1927 AND FINISHED
IN 1929.

THE RUSAKOV WORKERS'

CLUB IN MOSCOW IS A NOTABLE
EXAMPLE OF CONSTRUCTIVIST
ARCHITECTURE. DESIGNED
BY KONSTANTIN MELNIKOV, IT WAS
CONSTRUCTED IN 1927–28.
 VILLA TUGENDHAT IS AN ARCHITECTURALLY
SIGNIFICANT BUILDING IN BRNO, CZECH
REPUBLIC. IT IS ONE OF THE PIONEERING
PROTOTYPES OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE IN
EUROPE, AND WAS DESIGNED BY THE GERMAN
ARCHITECTS LUDWIG MIES VAN DER
ROHE AND LILLY REICH. BUILT OF REINFORCED
CONCRETE BETWEEN 1928 AND 1930.

THE VILLA MÜLLER IS A MODERNIST VILLA

IN PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC BUILT IN 1930. IT WAS
DESIGNED BY ADOLF LOOS AS A RESIDENCE FOR
FRANTIŠEK MÜLLER, CO-OWNER OF THE KAPSA-MÜLLER
CONSTRUCTION COMPANY FROM PILSEN.

TOMAS BATA MEMORIAL IS FUNCTIONALIST BUILDING

IN ZLÍN, CZECH REPUBLIC BUILT IN 1933. THE MEMORIAL
WAS DESIGNED BY THE CZECH ARCHITECT FRANTIŠEK LYDIE
GAHURA.TOMAS BATA MEMORIAL IS THE MOST IMPRESSIVE
ARCHITECTURAL WORK OF FRANTIŠEK LYDIE GAHURA, IT IS A
MODERN PARAPHRASE OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF GOTHIC
STYLE P

DE STIJL 1920s FUNCTIONALISM 1930’s MINIMALISM 1940s

BARRAGAN HOUSE WIDELY RECOGNIZED FOR HIS
EMPHASIS ON COLOR, LIGHT, SHADOW, FORM AND
The Rietveld Schröder House TEXTURE, IT THE FORMER RESIDENCE OF PRITZKER PRIZE
Still as visionary and eccentric as it was when WINNER LUIS BARRAGAN ENCOMPASS- ES ALL OF HIS
it was built in the 1920s, the Schroder House TRADEMARKS. THE STARK FACADE OF THE HOUSE
by Gerrit Rietveld continues to impress HUMBLY BLENDS IN WITH ITS NEIGHBORS, GIVING NO
architects with its innovative solutions to HINTS TO THE PERSONALITY OF IT'S INTERIOR.
prominent design questions of its time
BARCELONA PAVILLION 1929 THE PAVILION WAS
THE FACE OF GERMANY AFTER WWI, EMULATING
THE NATION’S PROGRESSIVELY MODERN CULTURE
THAT WAS STILL ROOTED IN ITS CLASSICAL
HISTORY. ITS ELEGANT AND SLEEK DESIGN
AUBETTE IS A HISTORICAL BUILDING ON PLACE COMBINED WITH RICH NATURAL MATERIAL
KLÉBER IN STRASBOURG, FRANCE. IT WAS BUILT PRESENTED ARCHITECTURAL MODERNISM.
BY JACQUES-FRANÇOIS BLONDEL IN 1765–1772. IN
1926, THREE AVANT-GARDE ARTISTS THEO VAN
DOESBURG, SOPHIE TAEUBER-ARP AND JEAN ARP
WERE COMMISSIONED BY PAUL AND ADRÉ HORN TO CHICHU ART MUSEUM WAS CONSTRUCTED IN 2004 AS
REDECORATE AND DESIGN THE CAFÉ AUBETTE IN A SITE RETHINKING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
STRASBOURG. NATURE AND PEOPLE. THE MUSEUM WAS BUILT
MOSTLY UNDER- GROUND TO AVOID AFFECTING THE
BEAUTIFUL NATURAL SCENERY OF THE SETO INLAND
SEA
 SEAGRAM BUILDING LOCATED IN THE HEART OF
NEW YORK CITY, THE SEAGRAM BUILDING
DESIGNED BY MIES VAN DER ROHE EPITOMIZES
ELEGANCE AND THE PRINCIPLES OF MODERNISM.
THE 38-STORY BUILDING ON PARK AVENUE WAS
MIES' FIRST ATTEMPT AT TALL OFLCE BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION.

THE UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT

BUILDING IS A 505-FOOT (154 M) TALL HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL IN GERMANY
SKYSCRAPER AND THE CENTERPIECE OF THE MEMORIAL TO THE MURDERED JEWS OF EUROPE OPENED IN
THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE UNITED BERLIN IN 2005. IT IS CONSTRUCTED OF 2,711 GREY CONCRETE
NATIONS, OF MANHATTAN IN NEW YORK SLABS OF DIFFERENT HEIGHTS, ARRANGED ON A 19,000 SQUARE
CITY. IT IS THE FIRST SKYSCRAPER IN NEW METRE SIT .
YORK CITY TO USE A CURTAIN WALL.

INTERNATIONAL 1950s DESERT or MIDCENTURY MODERN 1950s STRUCTURALISM 1960s

FALLINGWATER IN PENNSYLVANIA IN THE BEAR
RUN NATURE RESERVE WHERE A STREAM
FLOWS AT 1298 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL AND
SUDDENLY BREAKS TO FALL AT 30 FEET, FRANK
LLOYD WRIGHT DESIGNED AN
EXTRAORDINARY HOUSE KNOWN AS
FALLINGWATER THAT REDEFINED THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN, ARCHITECTURE,
AND NATURE.

KAUFMANN’S 1946 HOME ONE

OF NEUTRA’S SEVERAL ICONIC
PROJECTS IS THE KAUFMANN
HOUSE IN PALM SPRINGS,
CALIFORNIA. COMPLETED
BETWEEN 1946-1947, THE
KAUFMANN HOUSE WAS A
VACATION HOME FOR EDGAR J.
KAUFMANN SR. AND HIS FAMILY
TO ESCAPE THE HARSH WINTERS
OF THE NORTHEAST.
 HSBC BUILDING THE BRIEF FOR THE HONG
KONG AND SHANGHAI BANK HEADQUARTERS
WAS SIMPLE: TO CREATE THE BEST
BANK BUILDING IN THE WORLD. FOSTER +
PARTNERS ADDRESSES THE TEMPERAMENT OF
BANKING IN HONG KONG

THE LLOYD’S BUILDING COMPLETED IN1986,

THE LLOYD’S BUILDING BROUGHT A HIGH-
TECH ARCHITECTURAL AESTHETIC TO THE
MEDIEVAL FINANCIAL DISTRICT OF LONDON
THAT WAS PREVIOUS IMPLEMENTED IN THE
DESIGN OF THE CENTRE POMPI- DOU IN
PARIS.

METABOLISM 1960s HIGH – TECH 1970s BRUTALISM 1970s

NAKAGIN CAPSULE IT WAS THE FIRST CAPSULE WHITNEY MUSEUM THE MUSEUM IS TO
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN. THE MODULE WAS CREATED BE SITUATED IN NEW YORK’S VIBRANT
WITH THE INTENTION OF HOUS- ING TRAVELING MEATPACKING DISTRICT. FRONTING
BUSINESSMEN THAT WORKED IN CENTRAL TOKYO ONTO GANSEVOORT STREET, BUILT ON A
DURING THE WEEK. IT IS A PROTOTYPE DISUSED ELEVATED SPUR OF THE 1930S
FOR ARCHITECTURE OF SUSTAINABILITY AND NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD.
RECYCLEABILITY, AS EACH MODULE CAN BE PLUGGED
IN TO THE CENTRAL CORE AND REPLACED OR
EXCHANGED WHEN NECESSARY.

CENTRAL LIBRARY, ALASKA LOCATED ON THE

KYOTO INTERNATIONAL CONFER- ENCE CENTRE WATERLINE AT THE ENTRANCE TO DOWNTOWN
THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER IN KYOTO IS JUNEAU, MUSEUM IS THE NEW ANCHOR FOR A
A GEOMETRIC MEGASTRUCTURE OF EXPOSED, BUDDING ARTS AND CULTURE DISTRICT IN ALAS-
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGNED BY JAPANESE KA’S CAPITAL CITY., THIS NEW FACILITY IS
ARCHITECT SACHIO OTANI IN 1963, THE CENTER RE- DESIGNED AS A CONSOLIDATED HOME FOR THE
INTERPRETS TRADITION- AL JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE ALASKA STATE MUSEUM, ARCHIVES, AND LIBRARY
AND ASSERTS ITSELF POW- ERFULLY INTO ITS DIVISIONS
PEACEFUL, NATURAL SURROUNDINGS.
 HSBC BUILDING THE BRIEF FOR THE HONG
KONG AND SHANGHAI BANK HEADQUARTERS
WAS SIMPLE: TO CREATE THE BEST
BANK BUILDING IN THE WORLD. FOSTER +
PARTNERS ADDRESSES THE TEMPERAMENT OF
BANKING IN HONG KONG

THE LLOYD’S BUILDING COMPLETED IN1986,

THE LLOYD’S BUILDING BROUGHT A HIGH-
TECH ARCHITECTURAL AESTHETIC TO THE
MEDIEVAL FINANCIAL DISTRICT OF LONDON
THAT WAS PREVIOUS IMPLEMENTED IN THE
DESIGN OF THE CENTRE POMPI- DOU IN
PARIS.

METABOLISM 1960s HIGH – TECH 1970s BRUTALISM 1970s

NAKAGIN CAPSULE IT WAS THE FIRST CAPSULE WHITNEY MUSEUM THE MUSEUM IS TO
ARCHITECTURE DESIGN. THE MODULE WAS CREATED BE SITUATED IN NEW YORK’S VIBRANT
WITH THE INTENTION OF HOUS- ING TRAVELING MEATPACKING DISTRICT. FRONTING
BUSINESSMEN THAT WORKED IN CENTRAL TOKYO ONTO GANSEVOORT STREET, BUILT ON A
DURING THE WEEK. IT IS A PROTOTYPE DISUSED ELEVATED SPUR OF THE 1930S
FOR ARCHITECTURE OF SUSTAINABILITY AND NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD.
RECYCLEABILITY, AS EACH MODULE CAN BE PLUGGED
IN TO THE CENTRAL CORE AND REPLACED OR
EXCHANGED WHEN NECESSARY.

CENTRAL LIBRARY, ALASKA LOCATED ON THE

KYOTO INTERNATIONAL CONFER- ENCE CENTRE WATERLINE AT THE ENTRANCE TO DOWNTOWN
THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE CENTER IN KYOTO IS JUNEAU, MUSEUM IS THE NEW ANCHOR FOR A
A GEOMETRIC MEGASTRUCTURE OF EXPOSED, BUDDING ARTS AND CULTURE DISTRICT IN ALAS-
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGNED BY JAPANESE KA’S CAPITAL CITY., THIS NEW FACILITY IS
ARCHITECT SACHIO OTANI IN 1963, THE CENTER RE- DESIGNED AS A CONSOLIDATED HOME FOR THE
INTERPRETS TRADITION- AL JAPANESE ARCHITECTURE ALASKA STATE MUSEUM, ARCHIVES, AND LIBRARY
AND ASSERTS ITSELF POW- ERFULLY INTO ITS DIVISIONS
PEACEFUL, NATURAL SURROUNDINGS.