AB AppendixD Data Tables Inorganic Substances AH}, ki mol AG}, kJ mol Jmol K* Cp, Jmol K* ‘Aluminura Ag) 0 0 28.33 242 Al(aq) 531 485 3217 — AICLs) 7042 6288 07, 4 AlCle(g) 1291 1220, 490 157.72 AIFS) ~1504 1425 66.44 75. AlOx(a solid) ~1676 1582 5092 790 ALOH)3G) -1276 = = 9a Al{SO4)3(5) 341 —3100. 239 259.4 Barium Bais) 0 0 628 281 Ba? (aq) 537.6 560.8 96 = BaCO5Gs) 1216 =1138 u24 85.35 Bais) 8586 =8104 1237 751 BaFls) 1207 =1157 96.36 712 BaO%s) 5535 5251 7082 473 Ba(OH)s) 9447 = = 101.6 Ba(OH)2-8 12048) 3342 2793 a7 = BaSO,(s) 1473 =1362 1322 101.8 Beryllium Be(s) 0 o 9.50 164 BeCly(a solid) = 490.4 405.6 8268 oad BeF{a solid) =1027 9794 53.35 5L8 BeOs) 6096 ~ 580.3 1414 256 Bismuth Bi(s) 0 0 5674 255 BiClys) 3791 3150 170 105.0 Bi,0x6) 3739 4937 1515 135 Boron BGS) 0 0 5.86 Ma BCL) 27.2 387.4 206.3 1067 BFig) 137 =1120. 2541 50.45 BaH(g) 356 867 2321 567 B03) 1273, =1194 5397 28 Bromine Br(g) ue 82.40 1750 208 Br (aq) -1216 —1040 824 14.8 Bexg) 30091 3 245.5 360 Bra) 0 0 1522 757 Brig) 1464 =0.98 240.1 350 Brig) 255.6 229.4 2925 66.6 BrFx() 300.8 2405 178.2 1246 “Data for inorganic substances and for organic compounds with up to two carbon atoms per molecule are adapted from .D. Wagman, etal, “The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C, and C ‘Organic Substances in SI Units” journal ofPhysical and Chemical Re frence Data 11 (1982) Supplement 2 Data for other omganic compounds are from I. A. Dean, Lange's Handbook ofChemisiry. 15th ed., MeGraw Hill, 1998, and other sources.D-2 Thermodynamic Properties of Substances at 298.15K A19 Inorganic Substances AMG, kd mol! AG, kJ mol~ S*, Jmol" K- Cp. Jmol" Kt Cadmium Cd(s) 0 0 51.76 26.0 Cd?"(aq) 75.90 77.61 73.2 =— CaCh{s), 391.5 343.9, 53 747 CdO(s) 258.2 228.4 548 43.4 Calcium on) ° a2, 259 Ca (aq), 5428 531 — CaCO¥s) =1207 929 206 CaCl,(s) 795.8 104.6, 72.9 CaF{s) 1220. 68.87 67.0 CaHAs) 186.2 4a 41.0 Ca(NO3)x(8) 9384 193.3 149.4 Ca0(s) 635.1 30.75 420 Ca(OH) s) = 986.1 3339 875 Cax(POy)2(5) 4121 236.0 278 CaSOx(s) 1434, 106.7, 99.7 Carbon (See also the table of organic substances.) Clg) 7167 3. 158.0 208 ‘C(diamond) 1.90 2.90 238 6.1 (graphite) 0 0 BTA 85 Chg) 1029 60.59 309.9 83.3 coud 1354 65.21 216.4 1307 GNug) 309.0 297.4 241.9 36.8 OK) =1105 =1372 1977 21 COxg) 3935 -3944 2137 a7 COs" (eq) 674 57.8 36.9 = 30x) 93.72 1098 2765 670 0x0) =1173 105.0 1811 = COCH{g) =2188 2046 2835 577 COS) =1a21 1693 231.6 a5 CSxl) 89.70 65.27, 151.3 76.4 Chlorine cig) 1217 1057 1652 218 (aq) 1672 131.2 565 136.4 Clg) 0 0 D3 339 ClFxs) 163.2 1230 2816 639 clOxg) 1025 1203 2568 420 cL0(8) 803 979 266.2 454 Chromium Cr(s) oO 0 23.77 234 [CAH:0)<1**(aq) 1999 — S = ‘CrOxs) 1140, 1058: 81.2 118.7, CrO¥* (aq) 881.2 ~7278 50.21 = Cr,07? (aq) 1490. 1301 261.9 > Cobalt Cols) oO 0 30.04 24.8 CoO{s), ~237.9 ~214.2 52.97 55.2 Co(OH),(pink solid) 5397 4543 7” 638 (continued)20 AppendixD Data Tables Inorganic Substances Hi, ki mol! AG}, ki mol! S, Jmol"! Cp Jmol! K* Copper Cals) 0 0 3315 244 Cuag) 6477 65.49 9956 = CuCO5+Cu(OH)As) 1051 893.6 186.2 = Cu0'5) =1573 1297 42.63 423 Ca(OH) #98 = = 95:19 CuSO, +5 H:065) ~2280. =1880, 300.4 = Fluorine Fg) 7899) 6191 1588 227 Faq) 3326 2788 “138 1067 Fag) o 0 202.8 31.3 Helium He(g) 0 0 126.2 208 Hydrogen Hg) 2180 203.2 a7 208 Haq) o 0 0 0 Hag) 0 0 1307 288 HBrig) ~36.40 53.45 1987 294 Hig) 9231 95.30 186.9) 291 HClaq) 167.2 “131.2 565 1364 HCIOxaq) =51.9 59 1883 = HCNGg) 1351 1247 2018 359 HE(g) 2741 2732 1738 = Hig) 26.48 170 206.6 29.2 HNO) =1741 80.71 1556 1099 HNOsaq) 207.4 —113 146.4 86.6 H,0(g) 241.8 2286 1888 336 H,0()) 285.8 237.1 69.91 753 H,0%(@) =1363 105.6 2327 431 H0x0) =1878 =1204 1096 89.1 H,S(g) 20.63 33.56 2058 342 S04) -8140 690.0 1569 1389 HSOxaq) =909.3 7445 204 293.0 lodine Kg) 106.8 7025 1808 208 Taq) 55.19 51.57 m3 1423 1g) 6244 1933, 2607 369 1X) 0 0 1161 544 Brig) 4084 3.69 2588 364 ICig) 17.78 5.46 247.6 356 Ii) =23.89 13.58 1354 1354 leon Fes) 0 0 27.28 251 Fe? (aq) =89.1 78.90 1377 = Fe'(aq) = 485 47 3159 = FeCO¥s) 7506 666.7 929 821 FeCixs) = 399.5 3340 1423 967 FeO) -2720 — = 4991 Fe,0x(s) 8242 742.2 87.40 1039 Fes0,(3) =18 =1015 146.4 143.4 Fe(OH)s(s) 8230 = 696.5 1067 1017D-2. Thermodynamic Properties of Substances at 298.15K A21 Inorganic Substances Hi, KI mol"! AG}, ki mol! Smo K* Cp dmolm1 K* Lead Po.) 0 0 6481 264 Pb? aq) -7 24.43 105 = PbIys) 1755 1736 1749 774 PLOYs) ~277.4 217.3 68.6 646 PbsOAs) 9199 8131 148.6 103.2 Lithium Lig) 159.4 126.7 1388 208 Li(s) 0 0 29.12 248 Li'(aq) 2785 2933 iad 686 Liclts) ~408.6 384.4 59.33, 480 LIOH() ~4849 4390 4280 496 LiNO{s) ~ 4831 = 381.1 900 — Magnesium Megs) 0 32.68 249 Mg(aq) 466.9 1381 — MgClis) 641.3 3918 89.62 m4 MgCO3(s) 1096 =1012 657 755 Mghis) =173 =1070 57.28 616 Mg0%s) 6017 369.4 26.94 372 Mg(OH(s) =9245 8335 63:8 770 MgSis) =346.0 3418 50.33 456 MgsO4) 1285 =u71 916 965 Manganese Mn) 0 ° 3201 263 Mn’"(aq) 2208 2281 736 500 MnO) =520.0 465.1 5305 BAL MnO, (aq) ~sa14 447.2 191.2 820 Mercury Hg(@) 61.32 31.82, 1750) 208 Hg0) 0 0 76.02 28.0 HOG) 90.83 58.54 70.29 441 Nitrogen N@) ar27 4556 1533 208 Nig) 0 0 191.6 29.1 NFig) 1247 832 2607 534 NH) 46.11 16.45 1925 351 Haq) =80.29 26.50 113 = NH4"(aq) 1325 79.31 134 799 NEABY(s) 2708 1752 43 96.0 NH,CiGs) “3144 2029 946 Bai NEF) = 4640 348.7 71.96 653 NH,HCOSs) 809.4 665.9 1209 = NHil(s) 201.4 m25 u7 — NH.NOgs) 365.6 183.9 1511 1393 NHNOs(aq) =3399 1906 259.8 “67 (NH)S046) 181 901.7 2201 1875 NoHalg) 95.40 159.4 2385 484 NaH) 50.63 149.3 1212 98.9 NOKg) 90.25 86.55 2108 239 N08) 8205 1042 219.9 386 (continued)22 AppendixD Data Tables Inorganic Substances Hj, ki mol AG?, kJ mol Jmol" Jmol?" NOxg) 3318 51.31 2401 372 N04) 9.16 97389 304.3, 792 N,04() 1950 9754 209.2 1427 N,O48) 13 51 3557 953 NOs (aq) 205.0 1087 146.4 86.6 NOBrg) 8217 8242 237 455 NOCKg) 5171 66.08 261.7 447 Oxygen Of) 249.2 2317 164 219 Oxg) 0 0 2051 29.4 Ox) 27 163.2 2389 39.2 OF faq) 230.0 1572 1075 148.5 OF xg) 247 419 247.4 433 Phosphorus Pla white) o ° 41.09 238 Pred) 176 121 22.80 21.2 Pag) 5891 24d 280.0 672 PCiyg) 287.0 ~267.8 318 718 PClig) 3749 308.0 3646 28 PH) 54 134 210.2 37.1 POs) 2984 2698 2289 aL PO," (aq) =27 1019 22 = Potassium Kg) 89.24 6059 1603 208 Kis) ° 0 6418 29.6 K'a@q) 2524 2833 1025 218 KBr(s) =3938 3807 95.90 524 KCN(s) =1130 101.9 1285 66.3 KCl) =4367 409.1 8259 513 KCIO3s) =3977 2963 4431 1003 KCIOKS) 4828 303.1 151.0 u24 KRG) 367.3 537.8 6657 49.0 Ki) 3279 =3249 106.3 529 KNO{s) ~4946 3049 1331 96.4 KOH(s) 2248 ~379.1 789 689 KOH(aq) 4824 440.5 916 1268 K,SO4s) 1338 1321 1756 1315 Silicon Si(s) 0 0 1883 200 SiHg) 343 559 2086 428 SisHalg) 803 273 m7 808 SiOx(quartz) -9109 856.6 4184 444 Silver Agt) ° 0 4255 254 Ag'(aq) 1056 7 7268 21.8 AgBr(3) 1004 96.50 10741 524 AgCi(s) 171 1098 96.2 508 Agi(s) 61.84 66.19 55 56.8 AgNOSS) 1244 33.41 140.9 93.1 Ag:065) =31.05 11.20 4213 659 AgrSO,(s) "159 618.4 200.4 134D-2 Thermodynamic Properties of Substances at 298.15K A23 Inorganic Substances AH, kdmol™? AG3, kJ mol~! 5, Jmol" K- Cor Jmol" «1 Sodium Na(g) 1073 76.76 1537 208 Na(s) oO 0 S121 28.2 Natiaq) =240.1 = 261.9 59.0 46.4 Naxle) 121 103.9 230.2 376 ‘NaBr(s) 361.1 —349.0 86.82 514 Na;COx(s) —1131 1044 135.0 112.3 ‘NaHCOs(s) —950.8 851.0 101.7, 87.6 NaC\(s) 411.2 384.1 7213 50.5 ‘NaCl(aq) 407.3 ~3931 1155 90.0 NaClOx(s) = 36538 262.3 13.4 = NaClO{s) 3833 2549 1423 m3 Nakis) 5736 5435 5.46 469 NaH(s) 56.28 33.46 4002 364 Nalls) 287.8 286.1 98.53, 521 NaNO¥s) = 467.9 =3670 165 929 NaNOs(aq) 4475 -373.2 205.4 ~40.2 NazOxs) =510.9 =4477 95.0 892 NaOH) 1256 =37955 64.46 595, NaOH(aq) 470.1 =419.2 48.1 102.1 NallPO«{(s) 1537, 1386 127.5 116.86 NazHPO,(s) 1748 1608: 150.5 135.3 NasPOds) 1917, 1789 173.8 153.47 ‘NaHSO,(s), 1126 992.8 113.0 — NaySOq(s) 1387, 1270 149.6 128.2 Na;S0,(aq) 1390, 1268, 1381 =2010 NaSO, +10 H20(s) ~~ 4327 3647 592.0 — NaS,036) =1123 1028 155 = Sulfur Ste) 2788 1678 237 ‘S(thombic) oO 31.80 22.6 SH) 1023 431.0 156.06 S:Clig) -184 331.5 124.3 SFu(g) =1209 291.8 970 80x) = 296.8 248.2 30.9 SOx) =395.7 256.8 50.7 80: (aq) =909.3, 201 -293.0 8,03? (aq) = 6485 o7 = $0:Clig) 3640 aig 70 $0,C1,(1) 394.1 _ _ 134.0 Tin Sn(owhite) 0 0 51.55 70 Snigeay) ~2.09 0.13 aad 258 SnCia() =5113 =4401 258.5 1653 Sn06) = 2858 = 256.9 565 43 ‘SnOxs) —580.7 519.6 523 52.6 Titanium Tis) 0 0 30.68; 250 TiClyg) ~763.2 ~726.7 3549 95.4 TiC) 8042 7372 2523 145.2 TiOAs) 944.7 889.5 50.33 55.0 (continued)A24 AppendixD Data Tables Inorganic Substances AH3, ki mol"? AG}, kJ mol™" $, Jmolm1 Kk? Cp, Jmol K-! Uranium UG) 0 ° 50.21 27 UF) -247 2064 377.9 1296 UR) 2197 ~2069) 227.6 166.8 VOxs) =1085, 1032 77.03 636 Zine Zals) 0 o 41.63, 254 Zn*(aq) 1539 uur 21 460 Zn063) 1383 3183 43.64 403 Organic Substances Name Hi, kImol"! AGE kimol? —_$*,Jmol1K Cy mol K CHAg) Methane(g) 7481 5072 186.3 357 GoHi(p) Acetylene(g) 2267 200.2 200.9 440 Hig) Ethyleneg) 52.26 6815 2196 29 Hae) Ethane(g) 84.68 3282 229.6 525 CHals) Propane(g) 1038 233 2703 736 Cie) Butane(g) =1256 =171 310.2 975 Carag) Benzene(g) 826 1298 269.3 824 Cotte) Benzene(|) 49.0 1245 173.4 1360 oie) Cyclohexane(s) =1234 320 298.4 106.3 CoH) Cyelohexane() 156.4 269 2044 1349 oHalg) Naphthalene(g) 1506 2242 333.2 1319 Colas) Naphthalene(s) 719 2017 1675 1657 CHO) Formaldehyde(g) 1086 1025 2188 354 CH;CHO(g) ——_Acetaldehyde(g) 166.2 1289 250.3, 553 (CH,CHOG} ‘Acetaldehyde()) 1923 1281 4160.2 890 CHOH(@) Methanol(g) 2007 1620 239.8 441 (CH,OH() Methanol() 2387 166.3 1258 ai CHSCH,OH(g) —_Ethanol(g) 2351 1685 2827 656 CH;CH,OH()— Ethanol() 17 1748 1607 123 CsHs0HG) Phenols) ~1651 504 1440 174 (CH3),CO(g)__Acetone(g) 2166 1530 2950 745 (CH3)3CO) Acetone!) 287.6 155.6 200.5 1263 CH;COOH(g) Acetic acid(g) 3740 2825 os CH;COOH() Acetic acid} 389.9 1598 1233 CH3COOH(aq) Acetic acid(aq) 3965 1787 “63 CelsCOOH(s) —_Benzoic acid(s) 2453 167.6 1468 CH.NHYg)——_-Methylamine(g) 3216 243.4 501 CoHBNHag)——_Aniline(g) 1668 3193 107.9 GH5NH3{))——Aniline()) 149.2 1913 191.9D-3. Equilibrium Constants A25 ‘A. Ionization Constants of Weak Acids at 25 °C Name of acid Formula ky Name of acid Formula Kk Acetic HCHO. 18x10 —Hyponitrous HON=NOH 89x10 Aaylic HCH30, 55x10 HON=NO™ axa? Arsenic HAsO, 60x10 odie HIO, 1.6 x 107 HyAsOg 1.0 x107 ——_Todoacetic HCH2IO2 67 x104 HASO?- 32x10 Malonic HC3H204 15 x 10% Arsenous, HyAsO3 66 x10 HC3H,0,- 20 x 106 Benzoic HCHO, 63x10 Nitrous HINO; 72.104 Bromoacetic HGHBO, 13x10 Oxalie HCO, 54 x 107 Butyzic HCHO, 1.5 x10 HCO; 53 x10 Carbonic HACOs 44107 Phenol HOCH 10 x10 HCOy 47x10" Phenylacetic HC3H;O2 49 10° Chloroacetic HGH;Cl0; 1.4103 Phosphoric HPO, 74x10 Chilorous HCIO, 11 x10 HPO, 63 x10 Citric HCHO, 7.4.x 10 HPO? 42x10 HCHO, 17 X10 Phosphorous POs 37 x10? HCHsO7?> 40 x 1077 HPO; 21x 107 Cyanic HOCN 35x10 Propionic HCHO; 13x 10% Dichloroacetic HGHCI02 55.10? Pyrophosphoric ——_-HgP0y 30 x 107 Fluoroacetic HGHFO, 26 x 109 HyP,0;~ 44 x10% Formic HCHO, 18 x 104 H,P,0;- 25 x 107 Hydrazoie HN; 19 x 10% HPO; 56 x 1079 Hydrocyanic HCN 62x10" —— Selenic H,SeO, strong acid Hydrofluoric HE 66 x10 HSeO,” 22x10? Hydrogen peroxide Ha 22x10" ——Selenous H,SeO3 23x 103 Hydroselenic HSe 1.3 x10 HSe05~ 54x 10° Hse 1x10" Suecinie HCHO, 62x 10% Hydrosulfuric HS 1.0 x 107 HCHO, 23x 10% HS 1x10 Sulfuric H,$04 strong acid Hydrotelluric HTe 23x10 SO, 11 x 102 Te 1.6 x10"! Sulfurous H,SO3 1.3 x10? Hypobromous HOBr 25x 10° HS03" 62x10 Hypochlorous HOC! 29x10 ——Thiophenol HSC\Hs 3.2.x 107 Hypoiodous HOI 23x10" Trichloroacetic —_HC;CliO2 3.0 x 107 B. lonization Constants of Weak Bases at 25 Name of base Formula Ke Name of base Formula Ky ‘Ammonia Es 1.8 x10 Isoguinoline GHN 25 x10? Aniline CoHsNHp 74x10" Methylamine CH:NH> 42x 104 Codeine GsHnO3N 89x 107 Morphine CyHsON 74x 107 Diethylamine (Gili,NH 6.9 x10 Piperdine Gott 13x 107 Dimethylamine (CH:)2NH 59 x10 Pyridine HSN 15x 10° Ethylamine GHsNH2 43 x10¢ Quinoline GEN 63 x10? Hydrazine NHNH2, 85 x 107 Triethanolamine CF 03N 58 x 107 NH:NH3” 39 x10 (CHIN 52x 104 Hydroxylamine NH;OH 9a x10 (CHy)sN 63 x10 (continued)26 AppendixD Data Tables C. Solubility Product Constants? Name of solute Formula Kp Name of solute Formula Kyp ‘Aluminum hydroxide AKOH)3 1.3 x10 Lead(tl) hydroxide POH), 1.2 1077 ‘Aluminum phosphate IPO, 63 X10" Lead{ll) iodide Ply 741x109 Barium carbonate BaCOs 51X10 Lead(tt) sulfate PbsO, 1.6 x 10° Barium chromate BaCrOs 1.2107 Lead{l) sulfide Pbs 3x 10% Barium fluoride Bak, 1.0 X10 Lithium carbonate LigCOs 25x 10? Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 5x 10° Lithium fluoride LiF 3.8 x 108 Barium sulfate BoSO, 1.1 X10“ Lithium phosphate LisPO, 32x 107, Barium sulfite BoSO; 8x107 Magnesium MgNH,PO, 25x 10 Barium thiosulfate BaS,03 1.6 X10 ammonium phosphate Bismuthyl chloride BiOCl 1.8 x10! Magnesium carbonate MgCOs 35 x 108 Bismuthy! hydroxide BiOOH 4X10" Magnesium fluoride Mgk 37 x10 ‘Cacimium carbonate caco, 52x10" Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH), 1.8 X10 Cadmium hydroxide Ca(OH), 25 x10" Magnesium phosphate Mgx(PO,)2,_——«1:X 10 Cadmium sulfide® cas 8X10 —Manganese({l) carbonate MnCO3 1.8 x10? Calcium carbonate CaCOs 28 X10? — Manganese(ll) hydroxide | Mn(OHl)._—_-1.9 x 10" Calcium chromate CaCrO4 7.1 X10 — Manganese(Il) sulfide? Mn 3x10" Calcium fluoride CaF, 53x 10° — Mercury(I) bromide Hg.Br, 5.6 x 10 Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH), 55.10 — Mercury(I) chloride Hg:Cl, 13x 1078 Calcium hydrogen CaHPO. 1X107 — Mercury(l) iodide Heal 45x10 phosphate Mercury(ll) sulfide? Hgs 2x10 Calcium oxalate CaCsO, 4X10% —Nickel(ll) carbonate NiCO; 66 x 107, Calcium phosphate CaxPO)2 2.0 X 10" Nickel(II) hydroxide NOH), 20 x 1075 Calcium sulfate CaSOs 91 x10 — Scandium fluoride Sek 42 x10 Calcium sulfite CaSO; 68 x10 Scandiumhydroxide S(OH)y,_——8.0 X 10 Chromium(ll) hydroxide COH)2 2X10" Silverarsenate AgsAsO, 1.0 x 10% Chromium(II) hydroxide Cr(OH)s 63 x10 Silver azide ‘AgNs 28 x 10° Cobalt) carbonate CoCO3 1.4 x 107 Silver bromide AgBr 5.0 x 10° Cobalt!) hydroxide Co(OH) 1.6 X10 Silver carbonate AgaCOs 85 x 107? Cobalt) hydroxide Co(OH)s 1.6 x10 Silver chloride AgCl 18 x10 Copper(l) chloride cucl 1.2 x10 Silver chromate AgsGrO, 11x 107? Copper(l) cyanide ‘CuCN 3.2 x10 Silver cyanide AgCN 12x 107 Copper(l) iodide Cul 11 x 10 Silver iodate AglO; 3.0 x 10° Copperill) arsenate Cus(AsO)2 7.6 X 10° Silver iodide Agl 85 x10" Copperill) carbonate ‘CuCo; 14 x 107 Silver nitrite ‘AgNO? 60 x 10 Copperill) chromate CuCrO, 36 10% Silver sulfate ‘AgrSO; 14 x 105 Copperill)ferrocyanide Cur[Fe(CN)]_ 1.3 x 10% Silver sulfide? Ages 6x10 Copperill) hydroxide Cu(OH)2 22x10 Silver sulfite ‘AgySO3 1s x10 Copper(ll) sulfide? cus 6X10 Silver thiocyanate AgSCN 1.0 x 1077 Iron(Il) carbonate FeCOs 32 x10 Strontium carbonate SrCO3 11 x 10 Iron(ll) hydroxide Fe(OH), 80 x 107% Strontium chromate SrCrOy 22x10 Iron(ll) sulfide? Fes 6X10" Strontium fluoride SF 25x 10° Ironi(IIl) arsenate FeAsOy 57 107 Strontium sulfate S150; 32x 107 Iron(Ill)ferrocyanide Fes{Fe(CN)qls 33 x10“ Thallium()) bromide TiBr 34x 10% Iron({ll) hydroxide Fe(OH)s, 4x10" Thallium() chloride Tict 17 x 104 Iron(IIl) phosphate FePOs 1.3 x10 Thalifum()) iodide mH 65 x 10% ‘Lead({) arsenate PbiAsOj2 40 x 10% Thallium(M) hydroxide TKOH);, 63 107 Lead({) azide PL(Ns)2 2510 — Tin(ll) hydroxide SnOH), 14x 10% Lead(ID) bromide PbBr 40 X10 Tin(ll) sulfide? SnS 1x 10% Lead(ll) carbonate PbCO; 74x10" Zinc carbonate ZnCOy 14 x10 Lead(l) chloride PbCl> 16 x10 Zinc hydroxide Z(OH)2 1.2.x 10-7 Lead(t) chromate PbCrO, 28 x10" Zinc oxalate ZnO, 2.7 X10 Lead(ll) fluoride Poi 27x10 — Zinc phosphate Zng{POs)2 9.0 X10 Zine sulfide” ZnS 2x 107%D-4 Standard Electrode (Reduction) Potentials at 25°C A27 D. Complexton Formation Constants®¢ Formula Ki Formula Ki Formula Ki [agin 56 x 1018 {Co(or)s}* 10 (gt 68 x10 [ag(eDTAy 21 x 107 [CaEDTA)]- 108 [Hig(o02)?- 9.5 x 108 LAgten)al! 50 x 107 [CHOH),) 8x 108 [NWCN 2x10" [ag(NHal 1.6 x10" {Cucl- 5x 10° [NWEDTA)- 36 x 10 TAg(SCN).1° 1.2 x 10% [cu(Cn), 20 x 10% INi(en)3)”° 21 x 1088 [8g(6:03)2)" 47 x 108 {CuEDTA)- 5 x10! [NONI 55 x10 [AIEDTA)> 13 x 10! {Cuten)al™ 1x 10% [iol 3x10 1AOH),- 1.1 x 108 [Cu(NH),2* 11 x 108 [PbCls]~ 24 x 10! TAI(ox)3}— 2x 1016 [Cu(ox)a]*- 3x10 (PWEDTA)}?- 2x108 [cdc 63 x10? [Fe(CN)I 10” [Pet 30 x 108 [Ca(CNy a> 60 x 10! [Fe(EDTA) 21 x10! [P(OH)3|- 38 x10! [Caten)3}** 1.2.x 10? [Feten)s)** 50 x 10? [P(x 35 x 10° [Ca(NH3)412 13x10" [Fe(ox)3]* L7 x 108 [Pb(S:03)31> 22 x 108 {Co(EDTA)]>~ 20 x 1016 [Fe(CN) el 10? (Pec)? 1x10 [Co(en)3)" 87 x 10" [Fe(EDTA)” 17 x 10% [PtNH3)<)* 2x10 ICo(NF3)<)°* 1.3 x 105 [Fe(ox)s1> 2x10” [Zn(CN) 1x 108 [Cofox)s]> 5 x 10° [e(SCN)]** 8.9 x 10? [Zn(EDTA)> 3 x 10% [Co(SCN)_]>> 1.0 x 108 [Hgcl 1.2 x 105 [Zn(en)3* 1.3 x 10! [Co(EDTA)|- 10° [Hg(CN) AP 3x 108 [Zn(NH3)4)* 41 x 10% [Co(en)3}°* 49 x 108 [Hg(EDTA)P~ 63 x 107 [Zn(0H),? 46 x 107 ICo(NH3)4)* 45 x 10% [Hg(en)al* 2x 10% [Znox)a) 14 X10 Data are a various temperatures around “room” temperature, from 18 to 25°C. Sora solubility equilibeium of the type MS(s) + Hj == Mé(aq) + HS (aq) + OH (aq), “The ligands referred toi this table are monodentate: Cl , CN , 1, NH, OH SCN, $3052 ; bidentate: ethylenediamine (en), cxalate ion (ox); tettadentat:ethylenediaminetetraacetats ion, EDTA. The K; vaies are cumlative or overall formation constants (sce page 109). Reduction half-reaction Fg) + 2€ —> 2F (aq) OF,{g) + 2H"(aq) + 4e° —> H,00) + 2F (aq) Ox(g) + 2H"aq) + 2e° —> Ox(g) + H:00) 8,05" (aq) + 2e° —> 280,? (aq) ‘Ag?(aq) + = —> Ag*eaq) H,Oxaq) + 2H(aq) + 2e —> 21,00) MnO4"(aq) + 4H"(aq) + 3° —> MnOgs) + 2H,0() PbOx(s) + 80,2 (ag) + 4H"aq) + 2e° —* PLSO{s) + 24500) Au*(aq) + 3e° —> Auts) MnOg (aq) + 8 H"(ag) + 5e° —* Mn?*(ag) + 4 H,O()) 2BrOs (aq) +12 H"(aq) + 10e” — Brx(l) + 6H,0(0) PbO{s) + 4H"{aq) + 26° —> Pb*(aq) + 211,00) C10, (aq) + 6H'(aq) + 6€ —> Cl (aq) + 3,00) ‘Au¥(aq) + 2e” —> Auv(aq) Chg) + 2° — 2Craq) Crs0;7 (aq) + 14H'(aq) + 6° —> 2CP"(aq) + 7 HO) MnOxs) + 4H"aq) + 2° —> Mn®(ag) + 21,00) Ong) + 4H"aq) + 4e° —> 2H-0() BV 42.866 421 42.075 42.01 41.98 41.763 41.70 41.69) 41.52, 41.51 +1478 +1455 41.450 +136 41.358 41.33, 41.23 41.229 (continued)A2B_ AppendixD Data Tables Reduction half-reaction 2105 (aq) + 12 (aq) +10 — 148) + 61,00) ClO, (aq) + 2H"(aq) + 2e —> ClO (aq) + H,00) 1.189 C1O;"aq) + 2H"(aq) + &° —> ClOx(g) + 100) +1175 NOxg) + Haq) + &” — TINOxaq) +107 BrAl) + 26 —> 2Br (eq) 1.065 NOxg) + 2H"(aq) + Ze” —> NO(g) + 100) +1.03, [AuCl (aq) + 3e7 —> Auls) + 4CI"aq) 41.002 VOr"(aq) + 2H%Gaq) + &° —> VO(aq) + 1:00) 1,000 NOs (aq) + 4 H"(aq) + 3e7 —> NO(g) + 2,001) 0.956 Cu**(aq) + Faq) + &° —> Culls) 40.86 Hg™(aq) + 2e° — Heth) +0.854 ‘Ag*laq) + &” —> Agis) 0.800 Fe"(aq) +e” —* Fe?"(aq) 0771 Oxg) + 2 Haq) + 2e° —> H,0%aq) $0,695, 2 HgClx(aq) + 2e> —> Hg,Cls) + 2 CI-(aq), 0.63 MnO, (aq) + € —> Mn0,?*(aq) 0.56 18) + Ze” —> 217laq) 0.535 Cu'ag) +e —> Culs) 40.520 H,SOs(aq) + 411"(aq) + de" —> Sis) + 31,00) 0.449 C:No(g) + 2H"(aq) + 2e° —> 2HCN(aq) +037 [Fe(CN)«]* (aq) + & —> [Fe(CN)I* (aq) 0.361 VO™(aq) + 2H*(aq) + &° —> Vag) + H;0(1) +0337 Cut(ag) + 2¢ —> Cals) +0340 PbOxs) + 2H"(aq) + 2e —> PbO{s) + H,0(1) 0.28 Hg,Cla(s) + 2e" —> 2Hg(l) + 2CI-(aq) 40.2676, HAsOxaq) + 3 H"(aq) + 3e° —> As(s) + 2H,0() +0.240 ‘AgCl(s) + &° —> Ag(s) + CPlaq) 0.2223 80,7 (aq) + 4H"(aq) + 2e” —> 2H,0(1) + SOx(g) +017 Cut(ag) + &° — Cufag) +0159 Sn**(aq) + 2e° —+ Sn*(aq) 0154 S(s) + 2H"aq) + 2e> —> H,S(g) 0.144 ‘AgBr(s) +e” —> Agis) + Br(aq) 0.071 2 Hag) + 2e° —> Hie) 0 Pb**(aq) + 2e° —> Pbis) 0.125 Sn?*(aq) + Ze” —> Sn(s) 0.137 Agl(s) + e&° ——» Ag(s) + I"(aq) 0.152 V¥(aq) + &° —> V4"(aq) 0.255 Ni*(aq) | 2e- —> Nis) 0.257 H;PO,(aq) + 2 H'(aq) + 2e” —> H3PO,(aq) + H:0(1) 0.276 Co*(aq) + Ze” —> Cos) 0.277 In**(eq) + 3e° — In(s) 0.338 PbSO,(s) + 2e” —> Pb(s) + SO, (aq) 0.356 Cd?*(aq) + 2e° —> Cals) 0.403 Cag) + © —> Cr*(aq) 0.24 Fe*(aq) + 267 —> Fe(s) 0.440 2COxg) + 2H"aq) + 2e° —> H;C,O4aq) 0.49 Zx*(aq) + 2e-” —+ Znis) 0.763D-4 Standard Electrode (Reduction) Potentials at 25°C A29 iction halt C#aq) + 20° —> Cx{s) Mn?*(ag) + 26> —> Mrs) Taq) + 26° —> Ti(s) U(aq) + 36° —> Us) AL*(aq) + 3e° —> Alls) Mg?"(aq) + 27 —> Mgis) La*(ag) + 3e° —> La(s) Na*(aq) + e7 —> Na(s) CaP(aq) + 2e° —> Cals) Sr*(aq) + 2e” —> Sris) Ba?(aq) + 26° —> Bags) Cs(aq) +& —> Cx) K'(aq) + & — Kis) Rb!(aq) + © —> Rb(s) Li'(aq) +e —* Li(s) Basic solution ‘Oxg) + H,00) + 2e° —> Oxg) + 20H (aq) +1246 C1Oaq) + HsO(l) + 2e° —> Cr{aq) + 20H aq) +0890 H,Oyaq) +2e —+ 20H (aq) +0.88 BrOaq) + H0(l) = 2e° —> Br(aq) + 20H(aq) +0.766 ‘C105 (aq) +3 H0() + 6° —+ Cr(aq) + 6 OH (aq) +01622 2 AgO{s) + H,0() + 26° —> AgO(s) + 20H (aq) +0.608 MnOy (aq) + 211,00) + 3e” —> MnOgs) + 4 OH (aq) +0160 BrOs (aq) + 3H,0{1) + 6¢° —> Br (aq) + 6 OH (aq) 40.584 2BrO"(aq) + 2H,0() + 2e° —> Bra + 4H (aq) +0455 210"(aq) + 2H,O(l) + 2e° —> IX) + 40H (aq) 40.42 Oxg) + 2H,0() + 4c” —> 40H (aq) +0401 ‘AgO(6) + H,0(I) + 2e —> 2 Ag(s) + 20H (aq) +0382 Co(OH)xs) + &° —> Co(OH)As) + OF(aq) +017 2MnOxs) + H,0(1) + 2e” —> Mn,Ox(s) + 20H (aq) +0418 NOs (aq) + H,0{1) + 2e” —> NO; (aq) + 2 0F(aq) +001 CrO¢ (ag) + 4H0() + 3e —+ CHOH)ss) + 50H (aq) -o11 Ss) +2 —> S*(aq) 0.48 HPbOs (aq) + H0(l) + 2e° —* Pb(s) +3 Haq) -054 HCHOfaq) + 2H,0() + 2° —+ CH,OH(aq) + 20H (aq) 0.59 S0x*"(aq) + 3 H,0(I) + 4e7 —> S(s) + 6 OH (eq), AsO} (aq) + 2H,0() +2€ —+ AsO» (aq) + 40H (aq) ‘As0,"(aq) + 2H,0(1) + 3e7 —> As(s) + 4 OH(aq) Ce(OH) is) + 2e° —> Ca(s) + 20H(aq) 2H,O(1) + 2e° —> Hyg) + 20H (aq) OCN“(aq) + H,0(1) + 26" —> CNT(eq) + 20H7(aq) ‘As(s) + 3H;0()) + 3e —» AsHs(g) + 30H (aq) Zn(OH)x{s) + 2e7 —> Zn(s) + 2 OH (aq) Sb(s) + 3H,O(I) + 3e° —> SbHa(g) + 3 OH (aq) AMOF) (aq) + 3e° —> Als) + 40H™(aq) Mg(OH),{s) + 2e° —> Mgis) + 20H(aq)