Materials for form work » Materials used for the construction of concrete formwork range from traditional materials such as Timber, steel, aluminum. and plywood to nontraditional materials such as fiberglass. The systems used can be a combination of two materials. » The type of material fo be used for formwork depends upon the nature of construction os well as the availablity and cost of material. in early stages, formwork was made up of timber alone. With the introduction of steel forms, use of timber formworkis getting reduced specially in case of Major construction projects and in situations where large number of re-uses of the same forms ore possible. However, forsmall works involving less number of re-uses, timber formwork proves economical. » Fiber glass is used mainly for making molds for repetitive castings of pre-cast concrete products. Molds made up of pre-cast concrete. fiber glass and aluminum are used in cast- in-situ Construction such as watfle slabs or members involving curved surfaces.MATERIALS FOR FORM WORK TIMBER FORMWORK Timber used for the form work should satisfy the following requirements : Itshould be wellseasoned. Itshould be light in weight. Itshould be easily workable with nails without SplittingSIZE OF THE TIMBER SECTION of emering pops form | mate te 12 mene ft for Tm. centerto center spacing = centering props ws je mexknum 3 ‘Shevig foy Stab. Wea sad 2S le im Tk pt 1 centering props are vue i ad Beas, sola eee 50275 an comarcnoe roe 7x10 em 6” 100 x 100 atte Not fas an 160 wm i feng em nd VEILS eeQUALITY OF TIMBER The timber used for shuttering for exposed concrete work should have smooth and even surface on all faces which are to come in contact with concrete. In situations where concrete surfaces are not exposed incase of foundation etc; undressed timber can be used to effect economy . The timber plank for the shuttering should be jointed by providing tongued and grooved joints so as to ensure adequate tightness against leakage of cement grout.TIMBER FORMWORK Advantages Disadvantages Eosy handling because it’s » light weight. . Easy to disassemble. Damaged partscan be replaced withnew one. Very fiexible. Can't be used for long. Ifthe timber is dry, it will absorb moisture trom wet concrete which could weaken the resuttant concrete member. Timber with high moisture content wet concrete will shrink & Cup leading to open Joints & leakage of grout.PLYWOOD FORMWORK Use of ply wood instead of timber planksis getting popular these days, ‘in this case resin bonded plywood sheets ore attached to timber frame to make up patlyls of required sizes. The panels thus formed can be easlly assembled by bolting in the form of shuttering This type of shuttering ensures quality surface finish andis specially recommended in works where large exposed creas of the concrete are to be constructed such as floor, slabs, faces of retaining wallsetc. The cost of plywood shuttering compares favorably with that of timber shuttering and itmay prove to be cheaper in certain cosesin view of the following considerations Itis possible to have perfectly plain-and smooth surface{without joint marks) by use of plywood shuttering. Inus the expenciture on surface finishing can be saved. By use of large size panels itis possible to effect saving in the labor cost of fixing and dismantiing Number of re-uses are more as compared with timber shuttering . For estimation purposes, number of re-uses can be assumed as 20 to 25 times.PLYWOOD FORMWORK Advantages isadvantages ier, coneno be. cule rege » Thin plywood sheets cannot sustain size easly. the weight of concrete theymay Plywood Strong, durable ond light in bow out if proper thicknessis not weight. provided. Providessmooth finish on the surface. Very Lorge size plywood sheets are avallabie which makes the construction of formwork quickerand easier. Curved formworks can also be prepared using plywood. When compared to timber. it givesmore number of reusesSTEEL FORMWORK This consist of panels fabricated out of thin steel plates stiffened olong the edges by smal steel angles. The ponel unis can be held together through the use of suitable clamps or bolts and nuts. The ponels can be fabricotedin large numberin any desired modular shape or size. Steel forms are largely used in large projects orin situation where large number reuses of the shuttering is possible. This type of shuttering is considered most suitable for circular or curved structures like tanks chimneys , columns, etc andstructures ike large sewers, tunnels and retcihing wals, Aluminum is also used as a material instead of steel where ever cost needs to be cut down. The only disadvantage of aluminum is that its less durable than steel form works. Aluminum form work is general Used in Monolithic Conerete Construction Technology.STEEL FORMWORK Advantages » Very strong and able to carry heavy load. » Easy tobe fixed. » Uniform size and surface. » Can be re- used fora very long time. Disadvantages » Limited size or shape. > Excessive loss of heat. > Itisnot cost effective in the initial stage as large investment needs to be done at one time. compared to other materialsSIGNMENT 6 — caps soit 9% ‘What ore the cifferent lypesof material used in formwvork ® Explain with ore the odvantagesand disadvantages of eachmaterial.