A.

Parameters
The system's environment is modeled by adding a few particular parameters and estimated values. The following are
the specific parameters and their values:
Number of Nodes: In the simulation, 46 nodes are placed on the seabed since the delivery rate and energy usage are
both optimal.[4] Furthermore, because the simulation is based on short-range acoustic communication, the node
sensor range is set at 50 meters.[5]
Number of AUVs: To reduce packet loss, three AUVs are employed in two separate levels. Additionally, when three
AUVs are used, the delivery rate is maximized while consuming the least amount of energy possible. Further, for
optimal data transfer to boats, the AUV sensor range employed in the simulation is set at 50 meters.[6]
Number of Boats: Four boats are used as surface sinks, allowing data to be transmitted between AUVs and an
onshore sink stationed in the study area. Also, it is assumed that the data collected from the AUVs will be sent from
the boat through Sigfox. As a result, 40 kilometers is considered.
Number of Sinks: Two sinks are positioned at Teknaf and Cox's Bazar, with the goal of monitoring the underwater
ecology.

Receiver Sink

Boats (#1, #2, #3)

Layers Carrier Secondary AUVs (#1)

Primary AUVs (#2 & #3)

Generator Nodes

Table 1.Layer Diagram

B. Model Description
When the AUVs are in range, the nodes communicate the data to the AUVs; otherwise, the data is stored. The data
will be sent from the AUVs to the secondary AUVs and subsequently to the boats in the same manner. Finally, the
data is transported from the boat to the sink, where it is gathered and sent to the nearest terrestrial network.