side Show Review View Help Spring Free 9 Gshare h aie | Fn co PFind Ax. n/t Lae Sermnee~ | 2-4 = eee ee pees Ib Seeat~ ead ve. 3 Paragraph sil Dianing cl camng wice | pengni Muscle Cells © Highly specialized for conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy & * Use the energy in ATP to generate force or do work * Work has many forms : locomotion, pumping blood, peristalsis: several types of muscles have evolved — Skeletal muscle — Cardiac muscle — Smooth muscle lick to. add notes Zinores [) 82 & BF -—1-—te Show Review View Help ‘Spring Free 9 Share awh [ee Heel |B Ga Qe | Pre | 0, | Fy ; i | oa Oe (® Replace ~ a tae : payee inioge cine | Design “ a ee Bele . ver- fb Select ~ - Ideas. al Puagrapn al orawing eating | vowee | pean THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM * Muscle — mus -—Latin for “little mouse” » Flexing muscles (rippling muscles ) look like mice scurrying beneath the skin lick to add notes Sxen [EH be bi] co}w Review View «Help iSpring Free 9 Snare 4 i | | © % a) oa Shape Arange vee | by Seeae | Detae | Setar ming ol eanng | eer loan Functions of the Skeletal Muscles * Producing Movement — Mobility of the body (walking, swimming). Manipulation Maintaining Posture and Body Position Erect or seated podition despite the downward pull of gravityRevew View Help Gpnng Free 9 5 Share i saz cs_ Hie 2D +|ee-aae | BB oo... 98 : sg. AT Dames | Mat | Oe Paragraph a Drawing mB Bstng woice | Designer Functions of the Skeletal Muscles * Stabilizing Joints - fentoros on stabilize joints that have poorly fitting articulating surfaces ( ex.shoulder joint ) Generating Heat - Body heat is a by-product of muscle activity. As ATP is used to power muscle contraction, % of its energy escapes as heat. Skeletal muscles account for about 40% of body mass (muscle type resoonsible for generating heat) {notes Sve (> 8 & FB -—1-—leShow Review View Help Share Dina Oma] UE | ea aange cee Earreoutnes | Rete = || sag wee | ee styies~ QDihape kttects~ | Dp Select ol dene 5 rowing | eating | Voice Designer Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Body location Attached to bones of, for Walls of the heart Mostly in walls of hollow | some facial muscles, to visceral organs (other skin than the heart) | cell shape and Single, very long, cylindrical, Branching chains of cells; Single, fusiform, uninucleate: appearance multinucleate cells with uninucleate, striations; ic | very obvious striationsispring Free 9 @Share SC how Review View Help Jue Oo Bdrap Ping | ‘ a me 4g Gh Replace ~ o & Sheper arrange Quick ie Dictate | Design Jay D shape tects | ste w | teat 5) eating | voie | Designer 5 Paragraph a Single, very long, cylindrical, Drawing ov Single, fusiform, uninucleate; Branching chains of cells; ‘no striations uninucleate, striations; intercalated discs Cell shape and appearance multinucteate cells with very obvious striations > add noteside Snow Review View «Hela Spring Free Share ae B % em | 0 Siete her Skea = oT . Z popes Barong te | Doge 2-4 3 -S fb Sect ~ Ideas 5 paragraph Dring = caiung | vee | penignee + Skeletal muscle attaches to the skeleton by way of tendons and typically spans a joint © Origin - proximal point of attachment of the tendon ¢ Insertion - distal point of of attachment of the tendon * Insertion is close to the joint which allows a broad range of motion ¢ Skeletal muscles span both sides of the joint which allows both flexion and extension lick to add notes xox [I 22 @ -——4 = Conms SideShow Review Amplified movement Click te add notesns SideShow Review View Help. Spring Free 9 share =Con &% or | 0 | ead b seea~ Eseng aragrash Organization of Skeletal Muscle * Muscle cell * Muscle fibers (surrounded by endomysium) . Individual muscle fibers grouped together into ¢ Within the perimysium are bloodvessels and nerves that supply the individual muscle fibers * Fascicles are joined together to form the muscle * (surrounded by epimysium ) Click te add notesSearch BALAGAPO, MICHAELA MARIE T. lca) jew View Help _iSpring Free 9 6 Sh he & iz, [4 . Prind & |Z Hs EZ Shape Outline ~ P Replace » a Shapes Arrange Quick P Be Rent Dictate | De we a + Styles~ QD Shape & I> Select ~ . 1d 5 Drawing 5 Editing voice | Des tes | EBB g --Search YAU XN Toe ets X04). aS = jew View Help _—_iSpring Free 9 8 Sha |& prt 1 |¢ | a Replace ~ Y Shapes Arrange Dictate Des ~ ~ 5 Ib Select ~ - Ide Paragraph sl Drawing 5 Editing Voice | Desi Click to add title * Myofibrils =bundles of filaments running along the axis of the cell * The gross striation pattern is a result of the regular arrangement of the thick and thin filaments within the myofibrils 9 88 8 co} 1 Znots [1Myofibril * can be subdivided longitudinally into sarcomeres demarcated by 2 dark lines called Z lines- represents a repeating contractile unit in skeletal muscle I ¢ Refer to your book the parts of the muscleAxon terminal Voltage-gated Ca channel Nerve impulse te synaplif’vesicle containing acetylcholine (ACh) SYNAPTIC END BULB Synaptic cleft (space) Sarcolemma MOTOR END PLATE= *) bo LS YM eo VO FO LS wipapeouttine~ | Replace ~ Y | & Shapes Arrange (uic« Dictate | Des ® . ~ S @® Shape Effect Ib Select» - Ide Paragraph 5 Drawing 3) Editing Voice | Desi Synapse (Neuromuscular Junction) he * Presynaptic terminal - formed by an enlarged axon terminal resting in an indentation of the muscle cell membrane (contains many synaptic vesicles like ACH neurotransmitter, a molecule that stimulates or inhibits a postsynaptic cell * Synaptic cleft - space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle fiber * Postsynaptic membrane - muscle fiber membraneBALAGAPO, MICHAELA MARIE T. Help iSpring Free 9 8 Sha | Oa po Pind 0 7 ® ta [4 pe C Replace ~ g e | Shapes Arrange ee cecsce Is seleae Dictate i Paragraph sl Drawing s| eating voice | Desig Synapse * Action potentia es the presynaptic terminal the synaptic vesicles to release AC synaptic cleft by exocyto. sis>>>bind: receptors on the sodium permeability to sodium ions >>2action oo 8a B Co} ' notsrch Tem esse ae ics) jew View Help _—_iSpring Free 9 8 Sha Pind 0 é fy Replace ~ Y Dictate Desi Ib Select ~ ~ Ide Paragraph 5 Drawing Editing Voice | Desig 83 B al 1 Sos |BLTE Toe en Ace WG LE ics) jiew View Help —_iSpring Free 9 8 Sha b/w G PFind ¢: we | O ls Gh Replace ~ ? i Shapes Arrange Dictate | Des = Bt ~ 7 >. @ Ib Select ~ Ide Paragraph sl Drawing “Editing Voice | Desi Summary of Skeletal Muscle Contraction travels along an axon to a 1.An action potentia neuromusc j 2 ACH reled neuro 3 ACH diffuses across synaptic cleft and binds to receptor molecules in muscle cell membrane 4. Sodium.i into muscle cell initiating é synaptic vesicles of the potential travels along the sarcolemma and T tubules to the sarcoplasmic reticulum oo 8a B Co} ' Zinots [1SEYNENC Nom er N20.) jew View Help _—_iSpring Free 9 8 Sha t | 44 Pind 0 é cP Replace ~ Y ee sno Dictate Des 2 Ib Select ~ Ide Paragraph sl Drawing a Editing Voice | Desic Skeletal muscle contraction oo 8a B Co} ' Znots |SParagraoh Crewing 2) Eaiting Voice | Designer Click to add title over the surface of the myosin myofilaments *3.M ontraction requires energy. ATP bound ‘to the mya: ds is broken down releasing energy Which Is used.to supply the energy for movement {notes Snes (S82 © F -—4Enotes 88 =Paragraph 5 Drawing f Editing Voice _| Des Skeletal Muscle TypesSearch YYW XC) Ure yee 1S) WV a eview View Help —_iSpring Free 9 ast — Ib On Pind 0, | z he Replace ~ Y | . Shapes Arrange Dictate | De Sst a ~ ~ DShap Ib Select ~ te Skeletal Muscle Types * Distinguished on is of the speed of their contraction . The difference in spéed of contraction is oo 63 8 al 1 SoresSearch MICHAELA MARIET, BM. ica} eview View Help _—_—iSpring Free 9 ast Ve) On | Pind 0 | f Replace ~ Y | Shapes Arrange Dictate | De . . IS Select ~ ~ te Skeletal Muscle Types Slow — Twitch Fibers * Better suited for aerobic metabolism Fast - Twitch Fibers. * Better suited for anaerobic metabolism * Distance runners have more slow-twitch fibers * Sprint rs haye“more * Contract quick * Contract more slowly fatigue quickly and are more resistant to fatigue Sores [1S oo 63 8 al 1Search view View Help iSpring Free 9 le [> On Ge Shapes Arrange Paragraph Drawing BALAGAPO, MICHAELAMARIET. “BM 6 DFind 0 b Replace ~ Y Dictate Ib Select ~ . & Editing Voice iC Skeletal Muscle Types Fast- Twitch Fibers . Larger store * Fibers tend toe large Slow-Twitch Fibers Contains more mitochondria Large postural muscles contain more slow-twitch fibers e tuited before fast greater excitability of their motor neurons) B 3s @ F - notesSearch EVEN! oe Ves X20.) 1s) view View Help _—_iSpring Free 9 8 Sha dS On | Pind 0 E & Replace ~ “ Shapes Arrange Dictate | Des - ~ Ss | Ib Select ~ - Ide Paragraph Fi Drawing Editing voice | Desi Skeletal Muscle Types * Fast-twitch can be converted to slow-twitch att, intracelluala oo 8a B Hil ' Zinotes [1Pind é he Replace ~ Dictate | Desi Dy Select ~ Ide: ___ Paragraph 5 Drawing Editing Voice _| Desig Modulation of the Force of Contraction1 BALAGAPO, MICHAELA MARIET, BM View Help iSpring Free 9 Fy Ga [4 Sr Shape Fi PF ind O to . > Reok Y lr i Replace ~ Dictate D> Select ~ | - Paragraph 5 Drawing 3 Editing Voice 6 Recruitment * The force of contraction can be imcreased by or by increasing thé potentials in the muscle fiber * The in tetanic contraction d elevation of nots Ho 88 Bg -EIEN eM es Va 0 aL 6 View Help iSpring Free 9 f-| RF | OFind ~ O fo cb. Replace » om s . ue Shapes Arrange ei Dictate a . ~ Styles» © Shapet ~ [> Select ~ . & Editing Voice 5 Drawing Energy Sources * More effictent than anaerobic1 LINE Nc ee ies ASU aL View Help iSpring Free 9 6 | DFind 0 cb. Replace » be I> Select ~ me Paragraph & Drawing 5 Editing Voice Energy Sources ¢ ATP - energy us rthe conversion of chemical chanical energy notes [El] 88 Bp -\GAPO, MICHAELA MARIE. View Help —_iSpring Free 9 est ie- [i Zi Shape Fill » Pind | & § fe E2Shape Outline» | Gh Replace ~ | In 1 oOlLA Shapes Arrange Quick Dictate | De jae . a @DShepektects~ | D> Select . le Paragraph iF] Drawing & Editing Voice Des ~~ b seconds 10 sect After prolonged exercise | APP storedin ATP forn Oxygen debs pad back maxes 2 Oxygen present Breathe heavy to deiver caygen Mcgee oxcized ——_« Heart beats faster to delver Lactic acid used to produce ATP aed ‘oxygen more quily * Ceaine phosphate rested «+ Myoglobin releases axygen restored to myoglobin . Schoges reserves restored @ 8 @ F -—Review View Help _—iSpring Free 9 vas lt re) a Pring ~~ fe ot ch Replace + Shapes Arrange by ¥ ~ s fy Select Paragraph % Drawing Fy Editing Fatigue ¢ Muscle fatigue during exercise is not due to depletion of ATP ( energy stores ), otherwise, this would affect the viability of the cell * Multiple mechanisms may have been developed to induce fatigue and hence lower the rate of ATP hydrolysis before risking injury/death of the skeletal muscle celll. otes g Dictate Voice Serotes [TB 88 gp -is i snare view View Help —_iSpring Free 9 12 iil Pind Al & Ta (4 Cee YD ¢ is che Replace ; bes Shapes Arrange < | Dictate ign \oe ~ Syl @ Ib Select ~ ~ Ideas paragraph | orawing | tating ee Designer Fatigue * 1. accumulation of P and lactic acid in the myoplasm. * 2.glycogen depletion * 3. localized increase in ADP * 4, intracellular elevation of K * 5. generation of oxygen free radicals * 6. CNS contribution — manner. is perceived (motivational factors) h fatigue >Slide Show Review View Help Spring Free 9 ® @a [4 Shapes Arrange Share = Comments ARIA Pend 0 GeReplace = | ST 4 Dictate | Design fb setect ~ Mdeas Paragraph Drawing Eating _|_Voice Designer Oxygen Debt * The increased cardiac and respiratory work during recovery also contributes to the increased oxygen consumption + More oxygen has.to be “ repaid” than was “borrowed” Soe [1 a co} 1 +m 6iew Help _—_iSpring Free 9 2 & wa wu | Pet | ta- tir Replace © Y Shapes Arrange Dictat ah ~ . pe Effect by Select» . & Drawing nl Editing Voice * Reinnervation by axon growth along the original nerve sheath can reverse these changes * Skeletal muscle has a limited capacity to replace cell lost as result of trauma Notes BE 88 gy -Delayed-onset Muscle Soreness he * Hiking or downhill running>>> vigorous stretching and lengthening >>> more pain and stiffness and reduced range of motion * Due to swelling and inflammation from injury to muscle cells * Recovery depends on regeneration of the injured sarcomeres