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LIMIT FUNGSI

B. Teorema Limit
Untuk a, c dan n adalah bilangan real serta f(x) dan g(x) adalah fungsi yang terdefinisi
pada real maka berlaku teorema limit:
(1) c = c dimana c  Real
(2) c. f(x) = c. f(x)

(3) [ f(x)  g(x) ] = f(x)  g(x)

(4) f(x) . g(x) = f(x) . g(x)

f(x) Limit f(x)


(5) = x a
g(x) Limit g(x)
x a
n
 
(6) f(x) n
=  lim f(x)
x a 

Untuk lebih jelasnya pemakaian teorema di atas dalam soal limit, ikutilah contoh soal
berikut ini :

01. Jika diketahui Limit Limit


x 2 f(x) = 5 dan x 2 g(x) = –4 maka dengan teorema limit
hitunglah nilai :

(a) Limit
x 2 [2f(x) + 3g(x)]
2
(b) Limit 2
x 2 [g (x) – 6]
3

Jawab
(a) Limit [2f(x) + 3g(x)]2 = [ 2 { Limit Limit
x 2 f(x) } + 3 { x 2 g(x) } ]
2
x 2
= [ 2 {5} + 3 {–4} ]2
= [ 10 – 12 ]2
= [ –2 ]2
= 4

Limit Fungsi 1
(b) Limit 2 3 Limit 2 3
x 2 [g (x) – 6] = [ { x 2 g(x) } – 6 ]
= [ { –4 }2 – 6 ]3
= [ 16 – 6 ]3
= [ 10 ]3
= 1000

02. Dengan teorema limit hitunglah :


2 3
 x 2  2x  8   x 2  6x  16 
(a) Limit
x 2  2   
 x  6x  8   x 2  x  6 
 x 2  3x  18  x 2  2x  15
(b) Limit
x 3  2 
 x  7 x  12  x 2  5x  6
Jawab
2 3
 x 2  2x  8   x 2  6x  16 
(a) Limit    
x 2  x 2  6x  8   x 2  x  6 
 
2 3
 x 2  2x  8  Limit x 2  6x  16 
=  Limit
x 2 2   x 2 
 x  6x  8   x 2  x  6 
2 3
 Limit (x  4)( x  2)   Limit (x  8)(x  2) 
=  x 2
 (x  4)( x  2)   x 2 (x  3)(x  2) 
2 3
 (x  4)  Limit (x  8) 
=  Limit
x 2 (x  4)   x 2 (x  3) 
   
2 3
2  4  2  8
= 
 2  4   2  3 

= 32 23

= 72

 x 2  3x  18  x 2  2x  15
(b) Limit  
x 3  2 
 x  7 x  12  x 2  5x  6
 x 2  3x  18  Limit x 2  2x  15
=  Limit  x 3
 x 3 x 2  7 x  12  x 2  5x  6

=  Limit
(x  6)(x  3)  Limit (x  5)(x  3)
 x 3 (x  2)(x  3)
 x 3 (x  4)(x  3) 

Limit Fungsi 2

=  Limit
(x  6)  Limit (x  5)
 x 3 (x  2)
 x 3 (x  4) 
3  6  35
= 
 3  4  32
= –9 8

 
= –9 2 2

= –18 2

03. Dengan teorema limit hitunglah :


3
 4x 3  2x  5x 2  3x  12x 2  5
(a) Limit  
x   6x  2x 3  6  4x  3x 2
3 2
 6x 2  8x 4  4   x 3  5x  2 
(b) Limit
x     
 4x 4  3x   x 2  6x  4x 3 
Jawab
3
 4x 3  2x  5 x 2  3x  12x 2  5
(a) Limit  
x   
 6x  2x 6  4x  3x 2
3

3
 4x 3  2x  5 x 2  Limit 3x  12x  5
2
=  Limit
x   x 
 6x  2x 3  6  4x  3x 2
3 0  12  0
4  0  0
=  0  2  003

3  12
 4 
=   2  3

= (2) 3 4

= –16

3 2
 6x 2  8 x 4  4   x 3  5x  2 
(b) Limit    
x   4x 4  3 x   x 2  6x  4 x 3 

3 2
 6x 2  8 x 4  4   Limit x 3  5x  2 
=  x 
Limit   x  
 4x  3x  
4   3
x  6x  4 x 
2

Limit Fungsi 3
3 2
0  8  0 1  0  0 
=  4  0   0  0  4 

3 2
  8  1 
=  4    4 

= –1/2

Limit Fungsi 4
SOAL LATIHAN 02
B. Teorema Limit

2x2  2x - 3 - 2x2 - 2x - 3
01. = ….
2
A. 0 B. 2 C. 1
2
D. 2 2 E. 1
2
2

1/2
 3x2  x   1  8x3 
02.  2  3  = …
 3  x   2x  3x 
A. -12 B. -6 C. 6
D. 8 E. 12

03. Misalkan f(x) = 2 dan g(x) = -1 maka [3f(x) – g(x)][4f(x) + 2g(x)] =


A. 42 B. 36 C. 24
D. 10 E. 10

 4   1 
04. Nilai  4  x 2  –  2  x  = …

A. –1/2 B. –1/4 C. 1/16


D. 1/4 E. 1/2

Limit Fungsi 5

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