——————EE Ranier RP ER Coes | cron Mea eC FEQERAWPUBLICSERVICE COMMISSION RECRUITMENT GUIDE For! Assistant Director iosvector suliNSpHectis PECTS frets etertg) | (ASI) eee aL Bet Tamera Ts ag Existing Preparation eel toate oar lid Sas ieh due ae tts Ee eee Bey pe SEU TC Bieri tay DOGAR(_— BROTHERS Ce ate pa Scanned with CamScanner(GUIDE® SATION AGENCY _ For MCQs| Paper Salient Features Fie Then x Guide tO. Achieve High Marks 1» Original Solved Paper #7 Reuislon Notes P Practice Tests WH, Osama Zalar Usama-Bin Malik Alli nacemSnenkh «> Aritan Chaudhry Exclusive Olstributar: Dogarpk : Fagger Mubamemas Bhutto Scanned with CamScannerSELECTION PROCEDURE, SYLLABUS, re DIVISION Or & UPTODATE | Abbreviations ‘Sylfuyu mre Selection Procedure Tho Feiteral Inveatintlont Agenoy Ack, 197 Fully Solved Up-to-Date Papay Study Eahkkertti» MCQs Hlelory of Pakditaa Moverncnt Political Hietary of Pale stim Mistelinncotin Top lati Genera txformation to QA enovnes Mums Se es eps cea — 2 Important MCQs for Coriting Exaimsessue at SYLLABUS FOR VIRITTEN TEST. Ove-Paper Writes Text (MCQ Type) af Gradinnte Level will be held ti the faltered es: English, Besic Ariihmente, ‘Caresst Affairs, Pakdrtan Adfaten, (slamle Stufles, Everyday / HU | General Selenen da FIA Act1974.__ Scanned with CamScannerFULLY SOLVED MODEL PAPER TIME ALLOWED: TWO HOURS MAXIMUM MARKS: 100 INSTRUCTIONS 4. Waite your allotted Rol! No. in the top right comer of QUESTION PAPER and in the specified place, of ANSWER SHEET. : ‘PAPER CODE on your ANSWER SHEET carefully, 2. Write PAPER CODE } Read QUESTION PAPER carefully and mark your answer on the ANSWER. SHEET, 4. Each question has four options. Fill only one box that you think In the correct answer, Each question caries 4 mark. 5. Instructions for filing box have been given on the Answer Sheet, Read them carefully before you atiempting Question Paper. 6. Read the instructions for filing your ROLL NO.and marking your answer on the 5. ANSWER. SHEET before starting to answer. Slanature-of the 7. Sign the Answer Sheet in the box provided at the bottom corner. Candidate &. Return both Question Paper and Answer Sheet, to the Staff, at the end of the ff e . test. ~~} Every question has four boxes A completely and darkly. Forexample: ,- At which river the first hydropower investrient project of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (GPEC), the ~Karot Hydro power Station is being Constructed? - (A) Chanab~ (B) Jhelum — (C) Kabul (D) Indus x) ga cD ‘The correct an: B, so shade the answer in this manner. contain four choices in the form of A, B, C and D. Only one out of them is correct. Your answer sheet BC and D for each question. Select the correct answer and blacken box of the corresponding letter "English : : (C) Inteoduced 1. Ttisnouse__ everything. + @) Revealed” (A) OF finding fault with 5. | The Earth constantly tries to a (B) To find faule with¥” balance between the energy that if receives (©) Finding fault with from the Sun and the energy it emits back (D) Having found fault with to space. 2 My views are different » i os (A) From you eral (B) Than you (C) Maintain” (©) From yours” . (D) Provide | ©) Then yours 6.” Climate change is already having on 3. You have payed "animal and plant species throughout the (A) Instead of work eee (B) Than work (A) Issues (© But not work io A ance (@) Instead of workingY - ressures rorking: . (D) Impacts” 4, The study that the largest ii rect ania Karachi worker coos, | Hews mardered incl od: ly *(A) Announced (B) Informed B) Deliberately Scanned with CamScanner% 12, (C) Untectingly” {D) Thoughtlessly Tho students were in the"blues when they heard thot the examination would not be postponed after all: (A) Cheerless and depressed ¥ (B) Violent and angry (C) Wearing blue badges (D) Singing sad songs . To give so much importance to this dispute is to make a mountain of a mole (A) To take advantage (B) To give great importance to trifle” (© To see a thing with prejudiced mind (D) To get into trouble ‘The captain played with determination because the honour of the team was at stake: (A) At the top (B) In danger” (C) Very low (D) Appropriate ‘The inspector was caught red handed: (A) Quickly (B) Caught in the act of commiting the crime’ (© Caught with dirty hands (D) Found with hands tied She cut a sadfigure performance on the stage: (A) Made a somry figure (B) Cut a sorry face (C) Did not do well (D) Performed a sad role¥ He never wanted to keep her under bis thumb ayd so be let her do what she liked: (A) Below his thumb (B) Restricted (C) Unduly under controlY (D) In his presence all the time in her first 1 have # bone to pick with you in this matter: (A) Am angryY (B) Selfish motive (C) Selfless motive (D) Desire ‘The cashier wiped the nose of his employer 19. 20. by presenting false bills: (A) Abused (B) Cheated 7 (C) Slapped (D) Deomed It is time that professors came down frp their ivory towers ond studied the rey) needs of present day students: (A) Expensive fee (B) Detachment and seclusion” (C) Dreamlands (D) A tower made of ivory She is quite at sea and does not know why course of action to take in the matter: (A) Atcase (B) Displeased (©) Perplexed , (D) Danger To work on this project Is like fogging a dead horse: (A) Harp upon & question that hus been settled” (B) Dmgging something too for {€) Over-spending money {Dj None of these ‘To beg the question: (A) To refer to (B) To take for granted” (C) To raise objections (D) To be discussed To keep one’s temper: (A)To become angry (B) To be in a good mood¥ (C) To preserve one’s energy (D) To be aloof from ™General Knowledge 21, Which is the longest river of Europe? (A) Volga¥ (B) Danube ~ (C) Amur (D) None of these On June 21, the suo is vertically over the: (A) Tropie of Capricorn (B) EquatorY hed ‘Scanned with CamScannera, 25 26. 2 28. 29, 30. {C) Position of the sum Is not definite (D) Tnupie of Caner’ Altinteaya Dann ts located Int 4A) Turkey (8) Argentina (C) han (D) Ghana Which of the following countries tx In the continent of (Ayal (2) Al © {D) Venezuela Which is the smallest continent of the world arva-mise? (8) Amtarction (B) Asia (C) Australia” (D) Europe What was the share of urban population in the (otal population of Pakistan according to ceusus of 1998? (A) 38.6% (B) 42.6% (C)41.0% (0) 325% When Ghauri missile was handed over to Pakistan Army for full operational use? (A) January 2003 {B) December 2002 (© Mareh 2003, (D) June 2002 In which type of climate are coniferous. forests found? 4 (A) Savanna (B) Mediterranean (C)SiberianY (D) Hot desert Which of the following is the icy continent? (A) Greenland (B) Antarctica” (C) Australia (D) None of these The length of approximately: (A) 110 km (8) 150 km the Suez Canal _is ah 2 3. MM. (C) 195.3 kin (03) 125 km Khojak Pass is located between? (A) Quetta and DA, Khan (V) Quetta and Chaman~ (C) Jamyud and Landikotal (D) Sibi and Machh Nearest part of atmosphere to earth is called: (A) Troposphere” (3) Ionosphere (C) Mesosphere (D) Stratosphere Colosseum an amphitheatre was built inz (A) Naples (B) Rome~ (©) Milan (D) Athens “Special ‘Theory proposed by: (A) Galiteo (B) Robert Hook (C) Isnac Newton (D) Albert Einstein” of Relativity” ‘Scanned with CamScannerSs 36. 3. 38. 3» 40. al. 42. Issac Newton pave: (A) Law of Geometry (B) Laws of | Motion Gravitation” (C) Law of Planetary Motion (D) None “Composition of Alchensy” is written by: (A) Jabir bn Hayyan” (B) Ibn At-Haitham (C) Ibn Rushd (D) Nasir-ud-Din The book Al Qanun Fi (A) Al Baltahi (B) Ihe-Rushd (C) Al Beruni (D) Abo Ali SinnY” Chite has a longest shore slong: (A) Altantic Ocean (B) Black Sén (C) Pacific Ocean (D) Mediterraiean Sea and Laws of ‘is written by: Death valley is located in USA in? (A) Michigan (B) New Youk (C) California” (D) None Which is the third largest mountain peak in the world? {A) Kanchenjunga” (B) Cho Oyo (©) Lhotse (D) None The earth is more closer to Sun in: (A) January (B) June (©) July (D) September Time required for a computer to locate and transfer date is called: (A) Basie time (B) Starting time (C) Access time” (D) Analogue time A device which encodes characters by the depression of keys in known as: (A) Keyboard” . (B) Mouse 44, 45. (C) tard Drive (D) Printer Mixture of two metals is called: (A) Substance (B) Metal (© Alloy~ (D) Non-metal The area inside a compuler frame aug auxiliary storage where date instructions are stored is called: (A) Memory” (B) Recorder (C) Hopper (D) Interpreter ang «Current Affairs 46. 47. 48. 49, The National Highway Authority hae fetched over million by auctioning it's 201 vehicles in Nov 20187” (A) Rs 200 million (B) Rs 210 million (C) Rs 220 million (D) Rs 213 millioo” Who has become first Circumnavigate Globe Solo ? (A) Ferdinand Magellan (B) Fakhr-e-Alam” (C) Rehman ali (D) None of these Maulana Sami ul haq was murdered lo Rawalpindi on. 2 (A) 31 October 2018 (B) 02 November 2018Y (C) 04 November 2018 (D) 06 November 2018 In Its 2018 Freedom on the Interact report, the democracy watchdog Freedom Hou scored Pakistan out of 100? (A)53 (B) 63 (©) BY (D) 83 ‘When Pime Minister Imran Khao ¥ Beijing on his first official visit to Chiss# the javitation of the Chinese leadership? (A) November 1, 2018 (B) November 2, 2018 Pakistani tp ‘Scanned with CamScanner(©) November 4, 2018 (D) November 6, 2018 Mathematics 4, 52. 53. 54. 55. 36, ‘A.man is 24 yeurs alder than bly son. Tn two years, his nge will be twice the age of his son, The present age of his son Is: (A) 12 years (B) 15 years (C) 18 years : D) 22 years IF Rs, 1000 is invested at 12% interest and interest iy compounded half yenrly, what will be the total amount at the end of one year? (A) Rs, 120.007 (B) Rs, 1123.60 (C) Rs. 1126.20 (D) Rs, 1134.40 Six years ago, the ratio of the ages of Khalid and Sadat was 6: 5. Four years hence, the ratio of their ages will be M1: 10, * What ly Sadaf's age at present? (A) 16 years (B) 20 years (©) 22years (D) 25-year. ‘The sum of the present ages of a father and | his son is 60 years. Six years ago, father’s -age was five times the age of the son. After 6 years, son's age will he: (A) 10 years (B) 12 years ; (C) 16 years (D) 20 years” | ‘The square root of the cube of this number Is the cube of its square root, It is not 1 and itis less than 6. What is It? | (aya 3 un oA (D)s In the sequence 462, 420, 380, X, 306. X stands fors I (A) 352 : | (B) 3427 rlt (©) 332 \ i 37. 58. 25% (Dy 322 ‘Ten per cent of twenty plus twenty per cent of ten equals: (A) 10 per cent of 20 (B) 20 per cent of 20 (C) 1 percent of 200 (D)2 per cent of 100% A S-feet-long cylindrical pipe has an Inner diameter of 6 feet outer diameter of 8 feet. If the total surface area (inside and out, Including the ends) in kn, what is the value ofk? (Ay7 (B) 40 (C48 (D) 847 ‘On a sports day, if 30 children were made to stand in a column, then 16 columns could be formed. If 24 children were to stand in a column, then how many columns could be formed? (A) 50 (B) 13% (C) 22 one — ‘Scanned with CamScanner60. In a two digit number, the digits differ by 2. 10 times the number exceeds 5 times the sum of the number formed by reversing its and the sum of its digits by 90. Find the number. (A) 464 (B) 64 (Cc) 20 (D)-20 A student has 60% chance of passing in English and 54% chance of passing in both English and Mathematics. What is the percentage probability that he will fail in Mathematics? (Ay 12 - (B)36 4 (D) 10v A classroom has equal number of boys and girls, While girls left to play kho-kho, leaving twice as many boys as girls in the clissroom. What was the total number of girls and boys present initially? (A) 324 B16 (c)24 (D) 48 : A rectangle has a length of 10cm & a perimeter of 30cm. Find the width, of the rectangle, (A)Sem¥ - (B) 10 em (©) 15em (D) 20cm IfA=x°-y' B-2 and x+ y= 10, then: (A) A is greater than B « (B) B is greater than A (C) A is equal to B (D) It is not possible to compare A and B as the data provided is inadequate” 0.26 + 100=7 (A) 0.00264 (B) 0.026 (C) 26 (D) 00026 =Everyday /General Science 66. 67. 68. 69. 10. n. n. 73. Of the following human bones, which one of arm? (A) Radius (B) Semum (C) Femur (D) Patella Of the following human organs, tell which one is the least susceptible to harmfy, radiations? (A) Braint (B) Lungs ~ (C) Byes (D) Fleart ‘Who developed the first digital computer? (A) George Scultz (B) Joseph Henry (C) HH Aiken” (D) J.P. Eckert Of the following human muscles, tell which one is of thigh? (A) Deltoid (B) Trapezius (C) Vastus externus (D) Biceps¥ An analgesic is taken to relieve oneself of: (A) Cough (B) Indigestion (C) Pain” (D) Fever Which one of the following is the key function of the kidneys? (A) Removal of excess carbon dioxide from blood . (B) Pumping blood to the heart « (C) Removal of urea and other nitrogenous wastes from bloodY (D) Removal of excess water from blood How many chromosomes are there in # body cell of human beings? (A) 49 (B) 56 (25 @) 460 Of the following human bones, tell whic one is of neck? . Scanned with CamScanner7A. -75. 76. 1. 78. - 3 (A) Tibia (B) Atlas (C) Skull : (D) Sacrum” Of the following computers, which one is called the first generation computer? (A) Leo” (B) Plato (C) Cray (D) Apple - Which one of the following is not a function of the liver? (A) Regulation of blood sugar (B) Storage of blood (©) Detoxiation ¥ (D) Reproduction ‘Pakistan Affairs OJRI Camp was: (A) A Sumner Camp (B) Scouts Camp (C) Prisoners Camp (D) An Ammunition Depot” Which report rejected ,the demand. of separate electorate? (A) Pirpur Report : {B) Nehru Report” (C) Simmon Report (D) Cripps Report Muhammad Ali Jinnah was given the title of “ Quaid-e-Azam” in: (A) 1936 (8) 1937 (©) 19387 (D) 1939 Who is the author of the book “The Last Days of Quaid-e-Azam”? * (A) Sir Muhammad Shafi (B) Hector Bolitho (C)G. Allana (D) Col. Elahi Bakhsh” The oldest regional language of Pakistanis: (A) Pushto (B) Punjabi (C) Baluchi (D) Sindhi’, ~ BL. Humayun reigned from: (A) 1530-1936, (B) 1536-1560 (C) 1530-1550 (D) 1530-15564 82. Which religious scholar(s) gave the fatwa of “Jahad” in 1857: (A) Maulvi Ahmed Saeed (B) Maulana Fazal Haq Khairabadi (C) Maulvi Muhammad Baqar * (D) Both A & BY 83." In which year, Dutch formed the United "East Company of Netherlands in the Sub- cointinent? (A) 1601 (B) 16024 (©) 1603 (D) 1604 84. After the failure of Independence War, Bahadur Shah Zafar was tried by the British deposed and deported to the city of Burma: (A) Kabul Afghanistan (B) Rangoon” (C) Baghdad (D) None . 85. Which Mughal Emperor, died in 1556 __ after falling down from library stairs? © (A) Akbar (B) Sher Shah Suri (C) Humayun’ (D) Babur “Islamic Studies 8B iressed_ A male is coffined/wrapped in __ di sheets. : (Aji (B)2 (co3v (D)4 87. Amount of zakat camnot be used in_.. (A) Madrassah B) Mosque” (C) Hospital (D) None 88. What is Sabibain? ‘Scanned with CamScanner49, 90. oO 92, 93, ‘94, 95, FIA Ac (A) Mishkat (D) Bokhari (C) Bokhart and Mastin” (9) Ibne Majahy Jahad became mandato (AY) AH (a) 2 Ane (C)3 All (DA ALT ry in Tijra, Which one Is catlied Masha'ar (A) Mina Valley (B) Muzdalifa Valley (©) Arafat -vl-Haram: Who wos the first martyr in Islam in the following? (A) Uazrat Hamza (RAY (B) Hazrat Yasir (RA) (C) Hazrat Sumuyya (RA) ~ Who first embraced Islam among women? (A) Hazrat Fotima (RA) (B) Hazrat Zainab (RA) (C) Hazrat Khadija (RA) ¥ (D) Hazrat Ayesha (RA) What is Istefam? (A) Salam to Kaaba (B) Salam to Hajr-c-Aswad (C) Kissing njr-c-Aswad “ (D) Praying at Mugqam -e-Ibrahim Who collected Quranic verses in one place? “(A) Hazrat Umar (RA)Y . (B) Hazrat Abdullah Ibn-e-Abbas (RA) (C) Hazrat Abdullah tbn-e-Masud (RA) (D) Hazrat Usman (RA) How much Surahs the Quran contains? (A) 124 (B) 109 (©) av (D) 220 - 1974 (VIII of 1975) Sect means the Police Provincial Government under the Police Act, (A) 1898 (Act V of 1898) (B) 1861 (V of 1861). 97, 98. 99, 100, ~ (€) 1948, (VIT of 1948) Section 2 Defines “Pravincial py, means the Police cer constituted Provineial Government under the Pat Act, (A) 1898 (Act V of 1898) (By 1861 (V of 1861) (C) 1948, (VIL of 1948) Section 2 defines Speci the Pakistan Special Potice Establishmneys constitution under the Pakistan Specia, Police Establishment Ordinance (A) 1898 (Act V of 1898) (B) 1861 (V of 1861) (C) 1948, (VIF of 1948) FBI stands for: (A) Federal Bureau of Investigation” (B) Federal Board of Investigation (C) Federal Bureau of Information (D) None FIR stands for: (A) First Investigation Report (B) First Information Report™ (© First loformation Record 1 Police, mean, ‘Scanned with CamScannerInformation about Federal Investigation Agency -)':\ 4%, WAL 24/7 co) Se OSS The emblem of FIA il 345 786 Motto Truth and Honesty cis cilia Paes iil Abbreviation Formed 13 January 1975; 44 years ago Preceding agency Pakistan Special Police Establishment (1948) Employees Mild Classified Operations jurisdiction Pakistan Legal jurisdiction Constitution of Pakistan Governing body Government of Pakistan Headquarters Islamabad, Pakistan Parent agency Ministry of Interior (Pakistan) Major Units mM vos Website www, fia.gov.pk INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Cun WUEGA TRAVEL THROUGH A PESESTORAL AU MRSA #ROESS Total Slles Deployed =. 18 Hoodquorters - a Alporls a Rallway Statlons 2 Lond Routes 03 Seoporls 00 ye eTICAy, amy 13) Aisias «Ay ;reporting name: FIA) is @ border The Federal Investigation Agency (Urdu: der the control of the Interior Secretary of control, counter-intelligence and security agency unt Pakistan, tasked with investigative jurisdiction on undertaking operations against terrorism, espionage, federal crimes, fascism, smuggling as well as infringement and other specific crimes. Crolified under the Constitution of Pakistan in 1974, the institution functions under the Ministry of Interior (Mol), The FIA also undertakes international operations with the close cooperation and co- ajpation ef Interpol, Headquartered in Islamabad, the agency, has various branch and field offices located in all major cities throughout Pakistan. Nace thon 39 international offices, designated as "Immigration Wing", exist in Pakistan embaséve nad vonsulates-general worldwide, Its executive figure is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. The ‘current Director-General(DG FIA) is Bashir Memon, agrade 22 PSP officer, appointed in August 2017. Scanned with CamScannerAS, ‘The National Intelligence Directorate (NID) vas formed in 2014 to pool intellizenc. Wath, by over 30 of Pakistan's intellizence ayencies, . Mission Statement r ohh To achieve ‘excellence in FIA by promoting culture of merit, Providing canta. ‘sional training, ensuring effective internal accountability, encouraging Use OF Yoel iy) fe having a meaningful feedback mechanism, : Vision of FIA A law enforcement agency which not only enjoys the re spect of the society, Tor Ws Tray Fee lls Integr professional competence, and impartiality but also serves as a role model for provincial police fone History of the FIA - = A Federally controlled police establishment first came into existence in 1942 during the Seca World War to take up investigation of corruption, rampant in Supplies and Procurement Departere, of the government of India. It was name as Special Police Establishment. After the independany, 1947, it was named as Pakistan Special Police Lstablishment (PSPE). The said Establishment given schedule of offences with the ordinance of VIII of 1948. With the passage of time, the 7 depart from investigation the offences of bribery and corruption against central governs, employees, was piven powers to investigate cases relating to the offences under the following lau. + Official Seeret Act, 1923 ' * Foreign Exchange ltegulation Aet, 1947 +. Passport (Offences), 1952, * Customs Act, 1959, Creation : |___Afier the 1971 war with India, police reforms were carried out by Prime Minister Zulliker Bhutto afier adopting recommendations from the report submitted by bureaucrat G. Ahmad in Prissy Minister Secretariat, on 7 March 1972, The Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) was created on |} January 1975, after being codified in the Constitution with the passing of the FIA Act, 1974, the State parliament. Initially, ifs first roles were to build efforts against organised crimes, smuggling, human trafficking, immigration offences, and passport scandals, When the FIA was ereated, it took cases ON corruption at every level of the government. Althouzh ostensibly a crime-investigation service, the FIA also did investigations of accused polied opponents and critics of financial impropriety, from tax evasions to taking bribery while in office, National security und efforts against terrorism Initially, its role was to conduct investigations on public comuption but the scope of the FlA’s investigation Was increased to take actions against communist terrorism in the 1980s, In 1981, Ue TA agents successfully investigated and interrogated the culprits behind the hijacking of a Pakistza International Airlines Boeing 720 CR, immediately holding Murtaza Bhutto for its responsibility. The FIA keenly tracked the whereabouts of Murtaza Bhutto in Syria, and successfully limited his al-Zulfikar group. In 1985, the FIA's undercover operation busted the drug val’ with the illicit trade leaders and their culprits apprehended by the FLA. Known as the "Pakist# League Affair’, the FIA effectively put an end to the illicit drug trade with the arest of the gad! “key drug lord. , From 1982 to 1988, the FIA launched a series of investigations and probes against Paks? Communist Party leader Jam Sagi and aided the court proceedings relating to its findings. In 1986 the FIA’ successfully infiltrated the terrorist group responsible for hijacking Pan Am Flight 73. od quickly detained the Libyan commercial pilot suspected of having a role in te, hijack, ‘Scanned with CamScannerAfter securing voting plurality in 1993 Pakistani general clections, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto further widened the scope of FIA, making FIA akin to Inter-Services Intelligence (IST) in the intelligence commanity, After approving the appointment of senior FIA agent Rehman Malik, the FIA's intelligence and investigations were now conducted at the international level, with close co- ordination with the American FBI. The FIA notably worked together with the FBI to conduct investigations of the 1993 bombing at the World Trade Center in New York, United States. The FIA and FBI tracked down the mastermind of that bombing, Ramzi Yousef, in Pakistan. In 1995, the successful investigation led to the extradition of Yousef to the United States. In the 1990s, the FIA directed by Malik, was involved in leading investigations and actions against al-Qaeda operatives, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and Ramzi Yousef, and assisted the FBI to apprehend Youssef in 1995, and Mohammed in 2002, The FIA pushed its efforts against terrorism and tracked crime syndicated organisations affiliated with the terrorist organisations. The FIA was said to be launching secret intelligence operations against the terrorist organisations, which mounted a secret competition with the ISI. In leading its intelligence operations, the FIA was in direct contact with Israeli Mossad to assist the FIA in gaining intelligence and further interrogating the extremist elements. According to the military authors, such reports equally dismayed the Pakistani military which was already upset with FIA's intelligence operations interfering with the ISI's intelligence operations. Despite difficulties, the FIA had gained world prominence after reportedly leading successful operations against terrorism in 1996, In 2001, the FIA successfully investigated’ the case against Sultan Mahmood for his alleged part in nuclear terrorism,