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Biology Investigatory Project Compress
Biology Investigatory Project Compress
Name : Venishaasree .B
STD : XII – B
Certificate
Breast cancer:
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that starts in
the breast. Cancer starts when cells begin to
grow out of con Breast cancer cells usually
form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-
ray or felt as a lump. Breast cancer occurs
almost entirely in women, but men can get
breast cancer, too.
Thyroid cancer:
Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the
lower front part of your neck. The hormones it
makes are carried throughout your body to
help regulate heat and energy.
Other signs or symptoms may also alert you or your doctor to the
possibility of your having some form of cancer. These include the
following:
Single, inconspicuous
Nucleolus Multiple, enlarged nucleoli
nucleolus
Cytoplasm Large cytoplasmic volume Small cytoplasmic volume
Growth Controlled Uncontrolled
Mature into specialized Remain immature and
Maturation
cells undifferentiated
Normal angiogenesis
Blood Tumor-induced
(occurs during
supply angiogenesis
development/ healing)
Favored (for aerobic
Not required (thrive in
respiration) but will
Oxygen hypoxic conditions), favor
undergo anaerobic
anaerobic respiration
respiration if required
Can spread to different
Remain in their intended
Location locations in the body
location
(metastasis)
The use of tobacco products has been linked to many types of cancer,
including lung, colorectal, breast, throat, cervical, bladder, mouth
and esophageal. It’s never too late to quit. About 90 percent of all
lung cancer is related to smoking. Non-smokers who are exposed to
secondhand conditions.smoke are also at risk for lung cancer and
other respiratory
Skin cancer is the most common and most preventable cancer in the
United States. More than 96,400 people are diagnosed with
melanoma annually. Exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet radiation
causes most skin cancer. Be sure to use adequate sun protection
year-round. Never use indoor tanning beds.
Eat lots of fruits, vegetables, beans and whole grains. Limit red meat
and cut out processed meats. For healthy recipe ideas, visit
our blog. It is also important to limit alcohol consumption
because alcohol can increase your risk for
liver, colorectal and breast
cancers. If you drink alcohol, have no more than two drinks a
day if you are a man or one drink a day if you are a woman.
Some people with cancer will have only one treatment. But most
people have a combination of treatments, such as surgery with
chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. When you need treatment
for cancer, you have a lot to learn and think about. It is normal to feel
overwhelmed and confused. But, talking with your doctor and
learning about the types of treatment you may have can help you
feel more in control. Our Questions to Ask Your Doctor About
Treatment may help.
Surgery. The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer or as
much of the cancer as possible.
Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy uses high-powered
energy beams, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells.
Radiation treatment can come from a machine outside your
body (external beam radiation), or it can be placed inside your
body (brachytherapy).
Bone marrow transplant. Your bone marrow is the material
inside your bones that makes blood cells from blood stem
cells. A bone marrow transplant, also knowns as a stem cell
transplant, can use your own bone marrow stem cells or those
from a donor.A bone marrow transplant allows your doctor to
use higher doses of chemotherapy to treat your cancer. It may
also be used to replace diseased bone marrow
Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy, also known as biological
therapy, uses your body's immune system to fight cancer. Cancer
can survive unchecked in your body because your immune
system doesn't recognize it as an intruder. Immunotherapy can
help your immune system "see" the cancer and attack it.
END OF THE
PROJECT
Bibliography
https://en.wikipedia.org
https://www.scribd.com