 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬

٢٠٣
    ٢٠٣  
  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  ?   ?  ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   W    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
    ٢٠٣  
  ‫א‬‫א‬  

    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


     
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ١٠W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K

-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬K١ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،ESizeF‫א‬‫א‬(ShapeF‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬(FinishF‫(א‬MaterialF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EFilmF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KKKKK،‫א‬،،‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(CADDF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Computer Aided-Design and Drafting Systems

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(PrinterF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(SketchingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKK،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١{١K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬















‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١{١

-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬

: Scale
‫א‬‫א‬: French Curve
٤٥٠: 450 Triangle
٦٠٠J ٣٠٠: 300 – 600 Triangle
 : T T-Square
‫א‬: Drawing Board
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬: Erasing Shield
: Pencil
: Protractor
: Dusting brush
‫ﻗﻠﻡ ﺭﺼﺎﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﺅﺸﺭ‬: Pencil Pointer
‫ﻓﺭﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬: Dividers
‫ﻤﻤﺤﺎﺓ‬: Eraser
: Compass
: Drafting tape

 W‫א‬‫א‬

Drawing Board (drawing table) E‫א‬F‫א‬ (١

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٢x٩٣٠{٤٨x ٢٢{٨٦
 ٢٢x١٧٥٥{٨٦x ٤٣{١٨
 ٢٤x٢٠٦٠{٩٦x ٥٠{٨
 ٧٢x٤٨١٨٢{٨٨x ١٢١{٩٢

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


 ‫א‬W،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬  (Plastics)‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢{١‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢{١
T-Square T ‫א‬E٢
‫א‬EBladeF‫א‬‫א‬WT‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEStraightedgeF
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬T‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣{١‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  










 T‫א‬٣{١

‫א‬E٣F
Triangles
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٣٠٠،٦٠٠،٩٠٠F‫א‬E٤٥٠،٤٥٠،٩٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE٤{١‫א‬‫א‬FT‫א‬











 ‫א‬٤{١

-٦-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Compass ‫א‬E٤F
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Small Bow CompassEF‫א‬‫א‬J 
٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥{١‫א‬F














 ‫א‬٥{١

 Drop Bow Compass‫א‬‫א‬J 

‫א‬
 KE٥{١‫א‬‫א‬F٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


-٧-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 Big Bow CompassJ 

K٥٠٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥{١‫א‬F

Big Bow Compass with inking attachment J 
 and pen

K ٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Beam CompassE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬
  -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
KE٦{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -







 ‫א‬٦{١

Divider ‫א‬E٥F

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٧{١‫א‬F، ‫א‬

-٨-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬٧{١

 Protractor ‫א‬E٦F

‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،٨{١‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 
 K٩{١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬٨{١
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩{١
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 Irregular Curves‫א‬‫א‬E٧F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  French Curves‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠{١‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠{١

 Templates E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٨F
‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬       ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 KE‫א‬‫א‬١١{١‫א‬F
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Templates‫א‬‫א‬١١{١

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 Dusting Brush ‫א‬E٩F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 KE١٢{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬١٢{١

Erasers ‫א‬E١٠F
١٣{١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
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١٣{١

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Flexible Curve ‫א‬‫( א‬١١)

EPlasticsF‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 KE١٤{١‫א‬F‫א‬،٠{٣٥
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 ١٤{١

Erasing Shield ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٢)

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٥{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٥{١

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Scale Rulers ‫א‬E١٣)

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٦{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬












 ‫א‬١٦{١

 ‫א‬K٣
J  ‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

E١٧{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ E

   A4  ٢٩٧x٢١٠
   A3  ٤٢٠x٢٩٧
   A2  ٥٩٤x٤٢٠
   A1  ٨٤١x٥٩٤
A0  ١١٨٩x٨٤١


  E١٨{١‫א‬FEF‫א‬‫א‬ E


Size A١١x٨٫١
 ١١x٨{١

Size B١٧x١١
 ١٨x١٢

Size C٢٢x١٧
 ٢٤x١٨

Size D٢٢x٣٤
 ٢٤x٣٦

Size E٣٤x٤٤
٤٦x٤٨

١٧{١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٨{١‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  













 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٧{١‫א‬












 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٨{١‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
،
 
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Types of Lines ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬١٩{١‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

Visible Line  .١

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Object Lines‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠{٥‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

Border Line ‫א‬ .٢

١٦L١E ٠{٨F٣٢L١‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١{٥٨F

phantom Line ‫א‬ .٣

١٩F¾‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٦L١‫א‬E ٣F٨L١
 E ١٢F½E
 KE١{٥F

- ١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬١٩{١‫א‬


 




CenterLines ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢٠١٠‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣
 KE١٩{١‫א‬F٢‫א‬‫א‬

Cutting Plane Lines ‫א‬E٥F

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
E ١٢F½E ١٩F¾‫א‬،‫א‬EdashesF‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE ١{٥F١٦L١E٣F٨L١‫א‬
 KE١٩{١٢٠{١‫א‬FKE١{٥F١٦L١E٦F¼
Dimension Lines ‫א‬E٦F
 K‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣‫א‬

Extension Lines ‫א‬‫א‬E٧F

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Hidden Line E٨F

،٠{٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢٠{١٢١{١ ١٩{١‫א‬F٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Guide Lines ‫א‬E٩F
 KE٢١{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
hatching Lines ‫א‬E١٠F
٤٥‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢J ١‫א‬٠{٣‫א‬






 ‫א‬‫א‬٢٠{١‫א‬











 ‫א‬‫א‬٢١{١‫א‬
- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬K٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E
Dimension Lines ‫א‬ -

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢١{١١٩{١‫א‬‫א‬F

Leader Lines E‫א‬F‫א‬J

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ،
 KE٢١{١١٩{١‫א‬F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢٢{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
H

L1

 ‫א‬٢٢{١‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

H
H
H1
H1

L L

L1
L1

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٣{١‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬K٥
 K٢٥{١٢٤{١‫א‬



 ٢٤{١‫א‬

- ٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  













 ٢٥{١‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬









- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 .١
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢‫א‬
K ‫א‬?
 ‫?א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 Kpiles‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢‫א‬
 K‫א‬









 ‫א‬‫א‬١{٢


- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  






 16 / 15 cm



16 / 15 cm





 ‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢
‫א‬‫א‬٢{٢
،‫א‬‫א‬٣{٢‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٢
‫א‬،٣٠٢٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬٨ ٦‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K٣٠٠١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬٤{٢‫א‬
 K٥٠٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬







- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


1 2  3 4 5

A A



B  B


C  C

1 2  3 4 5

AXIS &COLUMNS PLAN

 ٣{٢

- ٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  




16


8

8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle


16
A A 
Section A - A 14

Column - C1 
8/20 cm


16

Column - C3

8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle

16



 ‫א‬‫א‬٤{٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣{٢
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٥{٢‫א‬
B‫א‬،T‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣‫א‬B3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ١٢ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٦‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬K٣٠٠١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬٦{٢
 K٥٠٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 

B8
C2 B8 C2
B8
C2 B8 C2 B8 C1
A A

B4

B6

B7

C2 C3
B B
 C1 C1
B1 B2 B2 B3

 Stair (Cage D'escalier)

B3 B4 B5

B8 B8 B8
 B8 B8
C C
C2 C2 C2
 C2 C2 C2 C3

2
 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6


 ‫א‬‫א‬٥{٢


- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


Beam B2 (Axis 2-2 & 3-3)
Reinforcement 
8 /10 cm
2 16 2 16
A
4 16


A 
8 16



4 16

2 16

4.7 m 2 16

5.30 m 
4 16

4 16 

8 /10 cm At Support
/20 cm Middle Beam 
8 16 

Section A - A 

 ‫א‬‫א‬٦{٢
 Slabs ‫א‬ ٤٫٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٧{٢‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

٪٠{١٥‫א‬‫א‬٪٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٢‫א‬

 ٧{٢

‫א‬‫א‬ (‫)أ‬

 ‫א‬EF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٢
- ٣١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬٩{٢‫א‬
.‫א‬

6 10 / m

6 10 / m

6 10 / m

 ٩{٢
Flat Solid Slab‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٨{٢‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠{٢‫א‬

- ٣٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  






 5 8/m




 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠{٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥٫٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
 •
‫א‬ •
 •
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Bearing Walls ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١١{٢‫א‬KRetaining walls ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٥‫א‬‫א‬٣٨‫א‬
٥١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٥‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢٥‫א‬‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬٥١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٨‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٥‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬٥١‫א‬‫א‬٦٤‫א‬


















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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


















Retaining Wall ١١{٢‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Stairs ‫א‬ ٦٫٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٣{٢‫א‬‫א‬ ١٢{٢‫א‬K ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤{٢‫א‬K 

 K‫א‬

‫א‬ ١٢٫٢ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

 ‫א‬١٣{٢
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Stair Reinforcement 2 14

8
8

6 8/m
6 12/m 3 16

5 10 7 12
2 14

8/10 cm
3 16

‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤٫٢ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •

 ٥W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  

 .١
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Plan‫א‬.٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬١{٣‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬





  ‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬:١٫٣‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬.٣
 W‫א‬
Perspective projection J 
Orthogonal projectionJ 
 Axonometric Projection ‫א‬J 

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٣‫א‬




 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:٢٫٣‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 Orthogonal projection‫א‬‫א‬.٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬
Principal orthogonal projection J 
،،،،،F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE
Auxiliary orthogonal projection J 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٫٣‫א‬



- ٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  


 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬: ٣٫٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٫٣‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬




.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :٤٫٣ ‫א‬

- ٤١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  

 Sectioning ‫א‬.٥
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 full section E
 K٥{٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
half section E

 K٦{٣‫א‬‫א‬
partial section E

 K٧{٣‫א‬‫א‬




full section٥{٣



 half section٦{٣

- ٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  



partial section٧{٣

‫א‬.٦ 
‫א‬١J ١‫א‬٨{٣ ‫א‬
 K٨{٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ١٩{٣‫א‬K٢J ٢
 K٨{٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٢١٠{٣‫א‬

1 2 3  4 5 6 7 8
1
C2 B8 C2
B8
C2
 B8 C2 C2
A C1 A

B8

2 B4 2
B7

 B6
B5 C2 C3
B B

1
C1 2
C1
3
B1 B2 B2 B3 14 4


13 5
B3 B4
12 6
B11
11 7

10 9 8

B8 B8
 B8 B8 B8
C C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C3 C
 1

7 8
1 2 3  4 5 6


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٣

- ٤٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬  


Section 1 -1


B 

B

 Section B-B
Section C-C C C





٨{٤‫א‬١J ١٩{٣
A

A Section 2-2 
Section A-A




18
17

16

15

14

13

12


11

10
9


3

20
19

18


17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10


8



A

٨{٤‫א‬J ٢J ٢١٠{٣

- ٤٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ٦W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K١
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١٫٤‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ١{٤‫א‬
 ‫א‬K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬٣٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٥

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ١‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٢J ٢‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٦٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٫٤‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٤٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Beam B2  (Axis 2-2 & 3-3)

Reinforcement
2 16
 4 16 8 /10 cm
2 16
A

A
 8 16



4 16

 2 16
4.7 m 2 16

5.30 m 
4 16

 4 16

 8 /10 cm At Support
 /20 cm Middle Beam

 8 16


Section A - A

Beam ID Section Lower  Bent Bars Upper Stirrups
cm
B1 25x60 6 φ16  3 φ16 3 φ16 φ8/20 cm
B2 40x60 8φ1 6 4 φ1 6 4 φ16 φ8/10 cm
/20 cm


middle

B3 25x50 4φ16 2 φ16 4 φ14 φ8/20 cm


. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٫٤ ‫א‬
،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٣٫٤‫א‬
 K‫א‬
F٣٠‫א‬١٠ •
KE

- ٤٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

٣٨‫א‬١٩ •
KE‫א‬‫א‬F

٤٠‫א‬٢٠ •
 K

،‫א‬،٤٠‫א‬٣٠ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٫٤‫א‬

T‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٤{٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٫٤‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K٥{٤‫א‬L‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٥{٤‫א‬
 K٣

‫א‬٦{٤‫א‬K١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


 K٦٫٤‫א‬

- ٥١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ ٧٫٤‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Beam B5 (AxisB5-B8)
Reinforcement

3 16 6 16
2 16 3 16
C B D
A

3 16
C A B 3 16
D
3 16
8 /10 cm 6 16

3 16 6 16

8 /10 cm support 8 /10 cm

20 cm middle

6 16 3 16

Section B-B
Section A - A

3 16

8 /20 cm

3 16

Section D - D

 K‫א‬‫א‬٧{٤‫א‬

- ٥٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٤‫א‬




 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٤‫א‬


- ٥٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K٤
١٠{٤‫א‬٩{٤‫א‬
 K




 K٩{٤‫א‬


 K١٠{٤‫א‬


- ٥٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K٥


Beam B8 (Axis A-A)

Reinforcement


3 14
8 /15 cm
3 14 8 /10 cm

3 14


A B C D
3 14
E F G H I J

A B 3 16 C D 3 16 E F 3 16 G H 6 16 I J 
8 /15 cm 8 /20 cm 8 /15 cm
8 /20 cm

8 /15 cm

3 14


3 14
3 14 3 14 2 16
8 /20 cm
8 /15 cm
8 /15 cm 8 /20 cm 6 16 
3 16

3 16 3 16 Section G - G
Section I - I

Section A - A Section D - D
C- C
E- E
Section F - F 
3 14
3 16

8 /20 cm

3 14

3 16

8 /20 cm

Section H-H 
3 16 Section J-J

Section B - B


 K‫א‬١٠{٤‫א‬

- ٥٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

K٪100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
K١

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
٪٠٫٨‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠X٢٠‫א‬،٥٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،

٢٥‫א‬ ١٣ •
K٣٠
‫א‬، ٨ ٦‫א‬ •
K٢٥١٥‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K٣٢‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ١٫٥ ‫א‬
 K٢٠‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬١{٥‫א‬
١٣‫א‬ ٣٠ x  ٣٠ ٢٫٥‫א‬
 KEL٦φ٥F‫א‬‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣φ٤F


  30 x٣٠٢٫٥‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ٤٠ x ٤٠ ٣٫٥‫א‬

٧F٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٦φ٨F١٦
 EL٦φ


  40 x٤٠٣٫٥‫א‬
٤٫٥‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


٤٫٥‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K٥٫٥‫א‬




 K٥٫٥‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦{٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 



8

16

A A 
8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle 

16

Section A - A 
Column - C1




Column ID Section Steel Stirrups
cm
C1 25x60 8φ16 φ8/10 cm
C2 25x40 6φ16 φ8/10 cm

C3 25x25 4φ14 φ8/20 cm



 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦٫٥‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  E٣٦٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K٧{٥ ‫א‬‫א‬ESpiral HoopsF

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  












‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧{٥‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬٨{٥‫א‬
 KACI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨٫٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
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K٪100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
١{٦‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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 ١{٦‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Solid Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKK‫א‬
 WE٢{٦‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J 
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٤{٦‫א‬K‫א‬٣{٦‫א‬
 K
 Flat Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬
٩٦ ‫א‬ K٢{٦‫א‬
 K٠{٤٠{١٥‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٫٦‫א‬
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

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

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣٫٦‫א‬
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6 10 / m 
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

6 10 / m 
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
6 10 / m
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  ٤٫٦‫א‬

- ٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J 
 K‫א‬‫א‬٧٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J 

K‫א‬٦x٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٫٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦{٦‫א‬
٩٤{٥‫א‬‫א‬،E٠{٥٠{٣F‫א‬
 KE٥{٦‫א‬F

- ٦٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥{٦‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦{٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧{٦‫א‬
 K‫א‬
- ٧٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  











 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧٫٦‫א‬

 waffle Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،٨{٦‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١{٢٠{٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٠{٧٥




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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



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

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



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


 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٨٫٦‫א‬

- ٧٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٫٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٤-٣‫א‬ ١
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢‫א‬





  ٩٫٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٫٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



- ٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٫٦‫א‬

- ٧٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٧
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٪100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٥٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٫٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬١٢٥‫א‬
K١{٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ٧٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬١٫٧‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬U
K٢{٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٧٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢{٧‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬
K٣{٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣{٧‫א‬


- ٧٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٤{٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤{٧‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٥{٧‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬٥{٧‫א‬

- ٧٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٫٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
٦{٧‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬٦{٧‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬ ٧{٧‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬٧{٧‫א‬


- ٨٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨٫٧‫א‬
 K‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬٨٫٧‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
 ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٫٧‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٠٫٧‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١١٫٧‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

FOUNDATION: F2 Reinforcement Details 

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
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16 / 20 cm

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B  A
A
 16 / 20 cm

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A B
16 / 10 cm 
16 / 10 cm 16 / 20 cm 16 / 20 cm 
B
16 / 20 cm


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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٫٧‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬١٠٫٧‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  


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 ‫א‬١١٫٧‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
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K٪100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ٤W‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
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١٫٨‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٫٨ ‫א‬

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١E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥٠‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٢٫٨‫א‬K٣٨‫א‬‫א‬K١٣‫א‬
 K٥٠٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


.٥٠‫א‬ ٢٫٨ ‫א‬

- ٨٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٫٨‫א‬
 K٧٥



.٥٠‫א‬ ٣٫٨ ‫א‬

- ٨٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 Retaining walls ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٤{٨‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬ ٤٫٨ ‫א‬

- ٨٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٩
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

 ٤W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .١
‫א‬‫א‬E١٫٩‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٫٩‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:١٫٩‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬٢٫٩‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ٩١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  
















 ‫א‬:٢٫٩‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣{٩‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:٣٫٩‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K

 ‫א‬ .١٫٤
E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٤٫٩‫א‬K‫א‬

K‫א‬ :٤٫٩‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

  .٥
    ‫א‬      ‫א‬     ٥{٩ ‫א‬
 KP.V.C
‫א‬   ٧{٩ ‫א‬ K       ٦{٩ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 P.V.C‫א‬‫א‬W٥{٩‫א‬

 K٦{٩‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧{٩‫א‬

‫א‬          ٨{٩  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

Fluorescent Lamp
Electricity Meter
Filament Lamp

Switched socket outlet

Switch

Two Way Switch

Distribution Board

(-0.30)

1
2
3

(+0.30) (+0.15)

(+0.15)
(+0.00)

2
3
4
5
16 6
15 7
14 8
13 9
12 11 10

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٨{٩‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬ .٦
 W‫א‬

 ‫א‬K١٫٦
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 ٩{٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ P.V.C‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٠{٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬









W٩{٩‫א‬

- ٩٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬W١٠{٩‫א‬
‫א‬K٢٫٦
 ‫א‬      ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K١١{٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 KW١١{٩‫א‬

- ٩٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬K٣٫٦
 K١٢{٩‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬KW١٢{٩‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫ א‬.٧
   ،       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬١{٧
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬       
 K١٣{٩‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٠٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W١٣{٩‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬٢{٧
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٤{٩‫א‬

- ١٠١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 E‫א‬FW١٤{٩‫א‬



 ٨{٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٥{٩‫א‬
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

10
E

1/10

1/10
9

(-0.30)

1
8

2 rwp


3

rwp

A
(+0.30)

B (+0.15)

(+0.15)
(+0.15)
(+0.00) 

1

C 2
3
4
5


16 6
15 7
14 8
13 9
12 11 10

(+2.05) (+1.73)

D rwp


1 2 3 4 5 6 7


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٥{٩‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٠٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٠
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ٥W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 

‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KKK‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬KKK
W‫א‬‫א‬٢{١٠‫א‬١{١٠‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   




 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬W١{١٠‫א‬





 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢{١٠‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ٢٠:١ ، ١٠:١  ‫ א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ

 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬1 ‫א‬50‫א‬1:100 
 KE٣٫١٠‫א‬F0.1



 :٣٫١٠‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤٫١٠F‫א‬

 W٤{١٠‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ •
‫א‬٥٫١٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 KETrussF٦٫١٠‫א‬K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬    
 K٧٫١٠‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٠٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 ‫א‬‫א‬:٥{١٠‫א‬

- ١٠٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 K(Truss)  : ٦٫١٠‫א‬




 K : ٧٫١٠‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬       
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬٧{١٠‫א‬K‫א‬KKKK

- ١٠٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  



 K‫א‬:٧٫١٠‫א‬



- ١١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 KF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ColumnEF٨٫١٠‫א‬





  :٨٫١٠ ‫א‬

- ١١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  

 KF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF٩{١٠‫א‬


W٩{١٠‫א‬

- ١١٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
  ‫א‬‫א‬  

1. Barry R. (1998), The construction of Buildings, Third Edition, Volume 5, Blackwell

Science Ltd.

2. Ronald J. Lutz (1991), Applied Sketching and Technical Drawing, The Goodheart-
Wilcox Company, Inc.

3. Barry R. (1996), The construction of Buildings, Fourth Edition, Volume 4,

Blackwell Science Ltd.

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٩٩F‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 K،‫א‬،‫א‬

،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٢٠٠١FK٥
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٩٨F‫א‬K٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٨٥F‫א‬&‫א‬K٧
 K،،‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٨٤F‫א‬‫א‬&‫א‬‫א‬K٨
 K،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٣ -
 ‫א‬  ٢٠٣  
  ‫א‬‫א‬  


‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٢٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٣٨  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٤٥  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥٦  ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٦٤  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٧٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٨٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٩٠  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
١١٣  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS