OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

College of Pharmacy
Dispensing

LABORATORY MODULE
 EXERCISENO. 7

PROCESSING THE
PRESCRIPTION- PRICING
POST–LABORATORY DISCUSSION
PRICING THE PRESCRIPTION
- It is more common abroad compare to Philippines

• MOST COMMON METHODS ARE (3):

❖ MARK UP – also known as “percent mark up, percentage mark
up or mark up percent”
- UNIT: %
MARK UP = [(RETAIL PRICE (or the selling price) / WHOLESALE
PRICE) – 1] X 100

SELLING PRICE= how much do you sell the item?

WHOLESALE PRICES = cost of the item (puhunan na item)

MARK UP – can be defined as the amount that a seller of goods charges

over and above the total cost of delivering its product in order to make a
desired profit.
1. FIXED MARK-UP ON COST
SELLING PRICE = COST OF INGREDIENTS + (COST OF INGREDIENTS X MARK-
UP)
- COST OF INGREDIENT:
> Prefabricated: total cost of prefabricated product
> Compounded: total cost of ingredients

2. PERCENTAGE MARK-UP PLUS MINIMUM FEE

SELLING PRICE = COST OF INGREDIENTS + (COST X MARK-UP) + MIN. FEE

- MINIMUM FEE: can also be called as Minimum Professional fee,

Professional services fee
- It is the fee that we ask from the patient for the services we
rendered as professionals
- This is where you will get the payment for the container
and label
**patient counselling and selling of medicine is different pays*
**but there is no professional fee in the Philippines because
we have monthly salary**
1. MARK UP
[(RETAIL PRICE/ WHOLESALEPRICE) – 1]
X 100
WHAT ISTHEMARKUPPERCENTON ABLOOD
PRESSUREMONITOR THATRETAILSFORPHP979.99
AND YOURSTOREPAYSA WHOLESALE PRICEOF
PHP810.00?
2. FIXED MARK-UP ON COST
COST + (COST X %MARKUP)
= PRICE
If the cost of the quantity of a drug
product to be dispensed is $4.00 and
the pharmacist applies an 80% mark
up on cost, what would be the
prescription price?
3. MARKUP PLUSMINIMUM FEE
COST+ (COST X MARKUP) +
MIN.FEE = PRICE
If the cost of the quantity of a drug
product to be dispensed is $4.00 and the
pharmacist applies a 40% markup on cost
plus a min. Professional fee of $2.25,
what would be the prescription price?
 4. PROFESSIONAL FEE
COST + PROFESSIONALFEE =
PRICE
If the cost of the quantity of a drug
Professional fee
- Is also known as Dispensing fee because it is also the fee that is charged
product to be dispensed is $4.00 and the
during a dispensing (filling a prescription, patient counseling)
pharmacist applies a professional fee of
$4.25, what would be the prescription
price?
 PRICING THE PRESCRIPTION
• MOST COMMON METHODS ARE:
• PROFESSIONAL FEE IS INDEPENDENT OF THE COST OF INGREDIENTS.
• 2 types of Professional fee:
• TRUE PROFESSIONAL FEE
- THEY ARE SAME IN ALL PRESCRIPTIONS.
- they are fixed and constant
- the prescription of patient doesn’t matter if it is simple, compound, or
compounded prescription, they all have the same pay.
• SLIDING OR VARIABLE PROFESSIONAL FEE OR GRADIENT PROFESSIONAL FEE
- THE GREATER THE COST OF INGREDIENTS, THE GREATER THE FEE.
- not constant; it depends on how hard the prescription
- if it is SIMPLE PRESCRIPTION with 1 drug content, the its less costly.
- if it is COMPOUND PRESCRIPTION with 2 or more content, it is
costly.
- if it is COMPOUNDED PRESCRIPTION, it is most costly among the
rest because it is a type of prescription that is needed to be compounded
PRICING THE PRESCRIPTION
• HOW TO DETERMINE PROFESSIONAL FEE?
- This two rules are based on UNITED STATES:

• EVAN’S RULE
ADDING OF 100% PROFIT TO THE ACTUAL COST
OF INGREDIENTS AND CONTAINER AND THEN
ADDING THE CHARGE PER HOUR

• JEFFRIES PRICING SCHEDULE

A BREAK-EVEN COST OF ALL THE EXPENSES
FOR INGREDIENTS, CONTAINERS,
COMPOUNDING TIME AND PRESCRIPTION
SHARE OF OVERHEAD EXPENSES
5. GROSS PROFIT
= REVENUE – COST OF GOODS SOLD

6. NET PROFIT
= REVENUE – TOTAL EXPENSES
Revenue = total income (lahat ng kinita)
Cost of goods sold = puhunan sa nabentang products
Total expenses = total amount ng nagastos sa pharmacy
Ex: loan, rent etc.
EXAMPLE:
IF A PHARMACY HAS A REVENUE OF 30,000 PESOS PER MONTH AND
PAYS 10,000 PESOS FOR STOCKS AND 2,000 PESOS FOR STORE
MAINTENANCE, HOW MUCH IS THE PHARMACY’S GROSS PROFIT?
 BREAK-EVEN POINT
𝐹𝐼𝑋𝐸𝐷 𝐶𝑂𝑆𝑇𝑆
BREAK-EVEN POINT =
(𝑆𝐴𝐿𝐸𝑆 𝑃𝑅𝐼𝐶𝐸 −𝑉𝐴𝑅𝐼𝐴𝐵𝐿𝐸 𝐶𝑂𝑆𝑇 𝑃𝐸𝑅 𝑈𝑁𝐼𝑇)

- Ilan ang kailangan kong mabenta para mabawi ang puhunan ko?
- Kailan ko mababawi?
- If sakto ang item, example: 10 products, that is the break-even point, Nabawi ang
puhunan pero hindi nalugi and hindi nakakita. Dapat makabenta ng 11 products para
kumita, if less than 9 items ang mabenta, nalugi ka

FIXED COST = it is the fixed expenses per time (example: monthly bills, rent,
internet bills, staff salary, pwede din weekly bills, it depends)
SALES PRICE = selling price of the item
VARIABLE COST PER UNIT = the puhunan per unit of item (example: 3 pesos
per item, 5 pesos for every 2 items)
FIND THEBREAK-EVEN POINT
You’re selling vitamin C for 100 pesos per box.
Each box costs 52 pesos to be produced. How
many boxes must you sell per month to break-
even, if you are paying 4,000 pesos for rent and
699 pesos for internet plan per month?
QUESTIONS?
 EXERCISENO. 8

MEDICATION ERRORSAND
SALADS
POST–LABORATORY DISCUSSION
MEDICATION ERROR
- Is any preventable event that may cause
or lead to inappropriate medication use
or patient harm while the medication is in
the control of the healthcare professional,
patient or consumer.

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I. CLASSIFICATION OF
MEDICATION ERRORS BASED
ON THE SEQUENCE OF
MEDICATION USE PROCESS:

➢ PRESCRIBING ERROR Part of point of

entry error
➢ TRANSCRIBING ERROR
➢ DISPENSING ERROR
➢ DRUG ADMINISTRATION ERROR
➢ MONITORING ERROR

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II. TYPES OF MEDICATION
ERRORS BASED ON
CATEGORY:
-A TO I

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 SALADS
• SOUND-ALIKE LOOK-ALIKE DRUGS
• CATEGORY I TO VIII
• Example:
Clonazepam sounds like Diazepam
Cycloserine sounds like Cyclosporine
Look-a-like drugs
- Have same containers but different
drug content

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THANK YOU.