SIMPLY Advanced (cae) p ™- Global ELTsiMPLY Cambridge English: Advanced - 8 Practice Tests ‘The SIMPLY Cambridge Advanced En; INTRODUCTION (CAE) - 8 Practice Tests book provides the most extensive land up-to-date exam preparation availabe, allowing students to familiarise themselves with the content land format of the revised exam. This set of tests offers ample examination practice and is designed to help improve students’ exam performance and increase language competence at advanced level. ‘The 8 Practice Tests for the Cambridge Advanced English (CAE) fully meet the requirements of the exam, ‘ensuring that all the test papers closely replicate the exam in both level and format. Advanced 2015 Revised Format oy 5 ees porary Paper |_| + | hour 30min | Pare | - mukiple-choice cloze (eight gaps) | Part I - lexicallexico-grammatical, Reading & Part 2 - open cloze (eight gaps) ‘vocabulary, collocations idioms ete. Use of Part 3 - word formation (eight gaps) Part 2 - grammaticallexico-grammatical, English | + 34.questions | Pare 4 - key word transformations ‘grammar with some focus on vocabulary (six questions) Part 3 - lexicallexico-grammatica, + length of texsi| Part 5 - text followed by six 4-option | focus on vocabulary, compounding about 550-850] multiple-choice questions Pare 4- grammaticallexico-grammatical, per part Part 6 - four short texts, followed by | grammar, vocabulary & collocations four cross-text mukiple-matching | Part 5 - detail, opinion, tone, purpose, + word count questions tain idea, implication, text organisation 3,000-3,500 | Part 7 - gapped text task — paragraphs | features removed Part 6 - Understanding of opinion and Pare 8 - multiple matching -a text or | attitude: comparing and contrasting of several short texts, preceded by | opinions and attitudes across texts. 10 mulkiple-matching questions. | Part 7- text structure, cohesion & coherence Part 8 - Detail, opinion, specific information Part 1 - compulsory task: essay with a | Part 1 focus on evaluating, expressing Paper 2 discursive focus (220-260 words) ‘opinions, hypothessng, perstading Writing | + | hour 30 min | Part 2 - 2.2-4 choice of one task from | Part 2 ~ varying focuses according to the following (220-260 words): task; including giving opinions, persuading, +2 pans ‘letter * proposal * report. * review justifying, giving advice, comparing Part I - mukiple choice; three short | Part 1 - feeling, atitude, opinion, Paper 3. | + Approximately| unrelated extracts; 2 questions per text | purpose, function, agreement, course Listening | 40 minutes | Part 2- sentence completion task with | of action, general gst, detail, etc, ight items; a monologue Part 2 specific information, stated opinion +30 questions | Part 3-6 multiple choice questions; | Part 3 - attitude and opinion conversation Part 4- gt, attitude, main points, Part 4 - mulzple matching task five | interpreting context short themed monologues. Two linked tasks, requiring selection rom list of eight options - 10 multiple-matching. questions All texts will be heard twice Part I~ conversation beoween the Part | general interactional language Paper 4 | + 1Sminutes | interlocutor and each candidate Pare 2 - organising a larger unit of Speaking | (for pairs) | Pare 2- individual one-minute tong | discourse; comparing, describing, turn for each candidate with brief ‘expressing opinions and speculating +4 pans response from second candidate; each | Pare 3 - sustaining an interaction; candidate is given three visual stim with questions Part 3 - two-way conversation between the candidates (written stimuli with spoken instructions) Part 4 - discussion on topics related to Part 3 (spoken questions) exchanging ideas, expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, suggesting, speculating, reaching a decision through negotiation, et. Part 4 - expressing and justifying ‘opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing,SiMPLY Cambridge English: Advanced - 8 Practice Tests CONTENTS Practice Test | Page 4 Practice Test 2 Page 20 Practice Test 3 Page 36 Practice Test 4 Page 52 Practice Test 5 Page 68 Practice Test 6 Page 84 Practice Test 7 Page 100 Practice Test 8 Page 116 ee Published by GLOBAL ELT LTD Brighton, East Sussex, UK wor globalelt.co.uk Copyright © GLOBAL ELT LTD, 2015 [All rights reserve, No part of this publication may be reproduce, stored ina retrieval srtom, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic; rechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the Publisher. Aaypetson who does any wneuthorised actin relation to this publication maybe lable to ximinal prosecution and cil claims for damages. {¢ SIMPLY Cambridge Enlih: Advanced - 2015 Format - 8 Practice Tests - Student's Book - ISBN: 9781781642955, {S SMPLY Cambridge English: Advanced - 2015 Format - 8 Practice Tests - Teacher's Book «ISBN: 9781781642962 Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders and we apologize in advance for any unintentional emission We wil be happy to inser he appropiate acknowledgement in any subsoquent eons.Part 1 For questions 1 -8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). (0) A glacial B bitter © reezing D arctic Turn off the heating By thrusting your hand into a (0) ....¢...... cold bucket of water, you can discover how quickly your body (1) calories, This basic experiment is the starting point for a pioneering study into the effects of brown - or good - fat in the body. Everyone is born with brown fat around the shoulder (2). -Itis central to keeping a baby’s body temperature on an even (3) by using up this store of fat in order to keep babies warm. Scientists, though, have long believed that this brown fat vanishes as babies grow out of (4) and it is no longer needed. However, a few years ago researchers were (5) scans on adults during the winter and realised there were areas of fat that seemed to have been (6) by the cold weather. This discovery has encouraged scientists to (7) further research in the hope it is the (8), gun that will help solve weight problems amongst the obese. They have already determined that the cold, certain foods and exercise can activate this brown fat to people's benefit. 1 A counts B_ burns © holds D fits 2) A blades B_ joints C bones D sockets 3) A path B track C course D keel 4) A development —B_ infancy € adolescence =D childhood S) a carrying out B_ taking off € turning out D dropping off 3 A. developed B conducted formed D triggered 7) A make B_ conduct C perform D absorb 5 A. trophy B indicator © smoking D proof READIMG and USE OF EMGLIStSt READIMG and USE. OF EMGLISH Part 2 For questions 9 - 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use ‘only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: 0 M Henry Ford For some people, a great idea does not mean instant success, and a (0) PRIME, example of this is Henry Ford, While Ford worked (9) the Edison Illuminating Company, he started to experiment (10) his idea of a self-propelled vehicle. He was 1) pleased with his work that he left his well-paid job in 1899 and founded the Detroit Automobile Company. Unfortunately, the cars he produced were too expensive and unreliable, and the company folded two years (12) Although now branded a failure, Ford did not (13) up. In November 1901, he started (1a) , this time naming his brainchild the Henry Ford Company. A year on, the business was renamed the Cadillac Automobile Company, because Ford had left the corporation. Impervious to yet (15) failure, Ford established the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and succeeded in perfecting the assembly line production for the Model T. Ford brought motoring to the masses, and (16). looked back.beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. For questions 17 - 24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the Example: 0 Viruses There are an (0).......UNKNOWN. number of viruses on Earth, but they outnumber any other life form. If you (17) the number of stars in the universe by a million, you would have an idea of how many viruses are thought to be on this planet. They come in a huge variety of shapes and forms. As science begins to learn More about them, the hope is that (18) they can be used to humankinds’ benefit. In the future, (19). speaking, it might even be possible to appreciate them rather than treat them as an enemy. Scientists have the (20) that there will be advanced drugs and vaccines (21). available that will deal with any virus. Looking at viruses from a (22) perspective, there will always be a serious virus that will cause (23) -ithas happened too often in the past for this not to be so in the future. However, one day there will be a drug that is (24). against any virus. KNOW MULTIPLY EVENT COMPARE EXPECT READY HISTORY DESTROY EFFECTREADIVG and USE OF EMGLISH Part 4 For questions 25 - 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. De not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 It was impossible for her to accept that she would never see him again. terms She that she would never see him again. ! i ‘COULD NOT COME TO TERMS WITH THE FACT Write only the missing words. | 25 There has been a big rise in property taxes in the last year. roof Property taxes in the last year. 26 Thomasis quite open about his four marriages. secret ! Thomas makes he has been martied four times. } 27 George and Mary have refused to talk to each other since the argument. terms George and Mary since the argument. 28 The twins look exactly the same to me. tell | I apart. 2 It’s foregone conclusion that Adam will get any job he applies for. | goes tt any job he applies for. } i 30 The reporter did not want to say who had given him the information. prepared } The reporter who had given him the information.You are going to read an article from a magazine. For questions 31 - 36, choose the answer {A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. ) Why animals like to play From dogs to ravens and herring gulls, animals exhibit an extraordinary desire to play. John Guiver looks into thelr behaviour. ‘Play’ has been described as any form of behaviour that does not serve a function or purpose. The natural world abounds with such examples of animals playing just because they can. For instance, ravens in Alaska and Northern ‘Canada have been observed sliding down roofs covered in snow. They slide down and then fly or walk back to the top of the roof to repeat the activity again and again. In some parts of America, ravens have been spotted slithering down shallow banks of snow, often with a small stick held in their claws. When | learned this, itimmediately brought to mind when my children were young and | took them to the park. They exhibited exactly the same repetitive behaviour, happy to do the same thing for hour upon hour on the slides. Understanding why and how animals or birds play requires researchers spending hours watching them. They help Us to explain what is often a mystery to humans - are they really playing or is it ust part of their normal instinct to survive? Herring gulls are another example of birds that seem to play. Shellfish like clams make up their staple diet but they need to be opened to be eaten. To get inside the shell herring gulls have to drop the calm onto a rock or another solid object. Ifthey drop it from the right height, the shell covering the clam will crack or break, giving them access to the clam inside. But sometimes, instead of letting the shell hit the ground, the herring gulls swoop down and catch them in mid-air. Other gulls have been seen to behave like this, too, so the herring gulls’ activities are not unique. This is where systematic research is so important. More than eighty hours of observing herring gulls has led researchers to discover patterns - or what they term ‘rules’ of the (game. They found that it is the younger, less mature gulls that play this game the most. They also noticed that is frequently played over soft ground rather than hard, so they are not actually trying to break the shells. The young herring gulls also played with objects other than. clam shells. Interestingly, the researchers realised that this dropping behaviour was seen more often when there was a strong wind. The researchers concluded that the gulls enjoyed the game more when there was an added challenge, in this case, the wind. What researchers are still uncertain about is ifthe gulls are simply having fun or if there is another explanation for their behaviour. Both the ravens and the herring gulls play alone, but social play is common in animals, especially in dogs. Dog ‘owners love to take their canine friend for a walk, yet when they meet another dog, the dogs go through a ritual just like it was stage-managed, Nose to nose, they look each other over, sniff one another and circle round the other dog. Then, more likely than not, they will start to fight. Neither dog gets hurt, because this is just a pretend fight, not the real thing. In other words, they are just play-fighting, This ritual has been described as specific signal patterns. Dogs, coyotes and wolves all display the same _line 29 behaviour. It begins with the bowing of heads -the play bow’ and, like other signals, seems to send the message that they want to play. Indeed, it serves another important function, too; it prolongs playtime. This might seem bizarre, but it prevents any confusion in other contexts, such as predatory or aggressive encounters. The psychologist, Marc Bekoff, observed that the bow is used both before and after actions that could be misunderstood as non-playful. It appears that all age groups of dogs use the play bow 74% of the time before and after pretend biting; young wolves 79% of the time and juvenile coyotes 92%, One theory is that the playful interaction between dogs might possibly be a form of practice for any future aggressive or hunting encounters. Their playtime perhaps enables dogs to be more psychologically flexible, rather than aggressive from the moment they see a dog they have not previously met. Perhaps their playing serves no adaptive or evolutionary function, but children also play just to have a good time. Children though, also often play games that have a more serious purpose, as they enable them to understand their place in the social hierarchy in which they live. It is not outside the realms of possibility that the same principle applies to animals and birds. Perhaps they are just exploring ways of finding their niche in animal society.READING and USE OF EMGLISH 31 Why does the writer give the example of their children in the park? To express their wonder at bird behaviour. To help readers visualise what they are describing, To emphasise how playful birds are. To show how birds imitate humans. gnw> 32 According to the writer, herring gulls act in a way that is not exclusive to their breed. show a natural instinct to stay alive in the wild throw clam shells to the ground from a great height. fail to eat any of the clams because the shells are unbreakable. onw> Is? 33 > Whathas the researchers’ work revealed about herring gi They prefer to play games when the weather is calm. They have turned cracking clam shells into a game. They discovered the older gulls rarely joined in. They still do not know anything about them. ona> 34 Thewriter says that when one dog encounters another, A they imitate each other's movements. B they continue walking together. C _ theystart to fight with each other. D _ they behave in a fixed and expected way. 35 Thewriter refers to ‘specific signal patterns’ (line 29) to illustrate that they A present dogs with the opportunity to fight. B _protract the predatory phase of the ritual. C prevent dogs from misreading the situation, D prove dogs have similar behaviour patterns. 36 Whatis the writer's attitude towards animals and birds playing? He considers it plausible that through play they find their place in their community. He is uncertain how it contributes to research into why children play. He is convinced that there is a real reason for their behaviour. He doubts whether enough animal behaviour has been studied. one>Part 6 You are going to read four reviews of a restaurant. For questions 37-40, choose from reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. Four critics comment on a restauran A \ have to say that | am very surprised by the ‘American-style diner that just opened in town. The new eatery is said to be a remake of the older ‘American-lke diner from years ago. The new menu doesn’t come close to its predecessor, however. Their buttermill-fried chicken: saltier than the sea and dry meat. Their tater tots: coagulated brown bullets of grease. And their cherry Coke (a glass of apparentiy rnuke-warm cherry-flavoured soda water) gave me a stomach ache. If it weren't for the ribs, this place would deserve even more scorn, outrage and nega- tive points than I am giving it. However, even the ribs can't save this place from ridicule. Why make a diner that serves low-quality food when itis so easy to do it well? They should just turn the place into a small takeaway shack and use the rest of the space for out- door seating where you can at least enjoy fresh ar. B The remade American diner that just opened this week has seen its share of negative ratings and with ample reason. On the one hand, the dishes leave a lot to be desired. However, breakfast is a simple delight: we had nicely ripe avocado slathered on rye and fried eggs, well-cooked ham, garlicky greens and lots of toast. There’s also granola, toast and Nutella ‘on toast. In short, their breakfasts are fantastic. There's another difference clearly embraced by the locals who fill its spaciously placed tables throughout the day. The mixed, laid-back crowd includes young professionals making use of free wifi. Their pies are also worth checking out, especially the exceptionally fresh apple pie prepared on a daily basis, To be hon- est, yes there are some problems with the lunch and dinner dishes, but they are far over-shadowed by their breakfast and the quality of their service. € ‘One good thing | can say about the American Diner in the centre of our sleepy town is the few tables optimistically placed outside, facing the mini-round- about as well as the indoor seating arrangement which gives the diners ample room to enjoy their meals. A huge improvement fram the older diner, | must say, which felt a lot like sitting in a sardine-can, Yet despite the promising location of its tables, the place was filled with lively youth and young profes- sionals, making the clientele rather limited in range. In terms of the food, while it was edible, everything tasted stale and had a mix of flavours. In my experi- ‘ence this is really only achieved by not storing the food correctly. Not only that, but | could tell that this was in an attempt to mimic the menu of the older ‘American diner, but it failed completely. D In the old diner, the owners had arranges their seat- ing in such a way as to mimic the American style without having the space. Impressive, to be sure, but they failed completely. At the time, I remember, it felt alot like a crowded Tube car. However, the new owners have elected to try something different; they reduced the capacity and gave the space more char- acter, Sure, the food isn’t quite up to the previous standards, but | think they are doing their best. That isn't to say | enjoyed the food, though; I think they should stick to simple sandwiches and Coke until they can figure out how to make more serious dish- es. Also, their decision to reduce the number of avail- able tables has changed the clientele for the worse.Reading and Use of English Which reviewer doesn’t compare the food with that of an older restaurant, unlike the other three? like reviewer B, talks about the type of clients the diner caters to? disagrees with the other three reviewers, saying that the food was not completely bad? highlights the improved seating arrangements, like reviewer C?Part 7 You are going to read an extract from an article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use Can a disguise fool surveillance technology? ee Ea eek ede race Naas nee When John McAfee took flight from Belize after his neighbour died from a fatal gunshot wound, he disguised himself to avoid detection. Border guards failed to recognise who he was and for a while he evaded capture. But could surveillance technology have picked him out of the people crossing the bor- der into Guatemala? | As a fugitive, McAfee coloured his hair and beard grey, put shoe polish on his face to darken his skin, made his cheeks bigger by padding them out with bubble gum and stuffed his right nostril to make it appear, as he put it, ‘awkward, lopsided and with a disgusting appearance’. It might seem rather the- atrical, but it worked and enabled him to escape. a FF However, McAfee would probably still have not been caught using today’s technology, as fa recognition technology is still not good enough to do the job. Some people have faces that are too ‘normal’ or common and would not need to dis- guise themselves at all. Jean-Luc Dugelay, a video surveillance expert in the French research institu- tion, Eurecom, says, ‘Certain people have faces that just seem to be hard for computers to recognise. It’s difficult to know why and the faces that are hard to recognise vary from one recognition system to another, But if you have something that is close to the average face, then it will be harder for a computer system to recognise yot aT Face detection often entails distinguishing signifi- cant ‘intensity signatures’ of light and dark spots ona representation that is typical of a human face. ‘When people look to recognise each other, they go by an oval for a face, two eyes, and a nose between the eyes and the mouth. Computers, though, do not work the same way, as they are not looking for physical features. Instead they look for a configura~ tion of dark, light and dark in a horizontal line that matches to a line between the eyes. aT This feature vector is basically a guideline for a face that can be compared with other similar feature vectors. The problem is that some human faces have comparable feature vectors and so ‘average’ faces are hard to separate and tell apart, The Eigenfaces system has to use the complete face to recognise someone. This fiaw in the system means itis possible to conceal your true features from a recognition system by just pulling a face, frowning or smiling. This would not deceive a person, but it would technology. aS It will not be possible to identify a fully covered face, but itis feasible to differentiate one face from another with between a third and half of the face covered. There has even been some success with just using a mouth for recognition, something that a human would be unable to do. gat Surprisingly, research into the effects of rhinoplasty ~ oF nose surgery - on facial recognition systems revealed that it has no significant effect on detec- tion rates. That Is on 2D systems. Experimental 3D facial recognition systems can be conned by rhino- plasty, as it changes the shape of the nose in three dimensions rather than two.Reading and Use of English A Not only would changing your facial expression hoodwink machines, but also draping a scarf over the mouth and nose, or even wearing dark glasses ‘would work just as well. It will not work for much longer though, as new techniques are being devel- ‘oped that can take information from the nose or mouth alone if the eyes are covered, or from the eyes if the mouth and nose are concealed. 8 Then, once a face has been distinguished, there are varying ways in which to recognise it. One way is to generate what is called a ‘feature vector’ - a math- ematical representation of the face. Thisis built up from pieces of hundreds of ‘standard faces’ in ‘numerous proportions, These are known as “eigenfaces’ and created by scrutinising thousands of real faces, using a procedure named ‘principal component analysis. © It would also seem to make no difference if a fugi tive wore a wig or glasses, as neither of these can fool a computer. Being discrete and trying to blend In.with the crowds will also be futile, as facial recognition systems can scan hundreds of faces a minute, > Allit seems to requir in films is to wear a pair of glasses, cut and / or dye your hair and attach a fake moustache. Maybe a hat, too. This low-tech disguise never seems to fallin the movies. John McAfee adopted some of these techniques and met with success. When he was eventually appre- hrended it was not because his disguise had failed to convince but because he had allowed a reporter to print a photograph of him and the authorities realised where he was E So how would John McAfee’s disguise succeed today? Despite darkening his skin, which would soften the intensity signature of his face, the light hitting contours of the face would still register an intensity signature that would enable face detec- tion. Likewise, the alteration to the shape of his cheeks and nose would meet little success. F To appreciate the reasons for this, itis worth look- ing at how the majority of face recognition tech- nology works. First, it has to realise that itis actual- ly being presented with a face -a process called face detection - and then work on recognition and ‘matching it with a face that is already in the system. 6 However, it might not be so simple in the future. ‘The FBI has unveiled its Biomettic Identification Tools Programme, with aspirations for the future to develop mobile facial recognition software, which ‘would enable them to access records at any time, from anywhere around the globe. In the real world this means using the technology that is currently available from CCTV cameras in streets, sports sta- dlums, motorways, shopping centres, car parks and so on, anywhere on the planet, because it will be held on one database.Part 8 You are going to read a magazine article about four women who explain why they do the dangerous things they do. For questions 47-56, choose from the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once. Which of the women was given encouragement by a family member? says she remains calm in demanding situations? hhas experienced physical symptoms of fear? didn’t think much of the activity at first? is frightened by one aspect of what she does? avoided starting @ new activity? hhad a gradual introduction to what she does? says it is important to focus on what she is doing? wanted a change from her normal life? was successful at a certain activity when young? 47 49 50 st] s2| a]Reading and Use of English WOMEN WHO LIKE THE TASTE OF DANGER ASE RT eae ae Re aa a Watie became apoteaunoan eg yoors oe, end hs doh a eo ior nse operon, "We ha carers alk at schoo about ining the |_| pale fore whieh imerested me and decided 'o apply. Tobe sure that a fe as a poleewoman was really forme, feigned up fr he Sprit, a group of partane ofa realy Hed the workso signed nthe dotted ine and hecame a fulltime offeet, far coupa of urs ened tha Sling Section, ten deal ith robberies, have oo certain amount of undercover work such ape, tending tobe a exter ina bank about which we've recehed 3 tip-off hat might be robbed. Obvious, icra dg wih ernie cae of whom are tent 20 theres aleady the element of rik However have abac-up team that | have total confidence in, and therefore, | don’t really feel sca en eran Unernes Wis enpasohen ve re dra td tlh ase never krow who wre going face when we walk into room. Tat makes me more careful and not being sone, makes me feel mare confident 8 During the week, Eva works in a shop making chocolate. However, at weekends she drives down, to Dover, on the English Channel, where she trains to swim the thirty-five kilometre stretch of sea between England and France, one of the world's busiest shipping lanes. ‘When I was young | kept winning long-distance swimming events and eventu- ally someone said to me, ‘Why not have a go at the Channel” | thought | couldn't do it and made excuses saying | couldn't afford it. Then my friends started raising money to pay for me to try, so! had no choice but to do it. When | got in the sea, | kept asking myself "What am | doing?’ It was hard work and I was scared. It finally took me 11 hours 21 minutes and | ‘was told to try it again and do it a bit faster the next, time! These days | swim the Channel mainly to raise money for children in hospital’ c In 2007, although a mother of three small children, katherine signed up for the Air Force ecause she saw It as a change from her domestic routine, Her husband was already a pilot and urged her to join. Katherine didn’t think the Air Force would accept her, but they did and she is now not only an Air Force pilot for her country, but also flies small planes in competitions. ‘'m quite a careful and cau- tious person and don’t think of what | do as danger- ous because | always respect my limitations and those of the aircraft. The engine could fail, but that's a risk | have to take. My worst and most scary moment was when I was flying home from a competition in France. The weather was awful, forcing me to fly lower and lower. My heart was racing, my mouth was dry, and my hands were sweating. | had to turn back and find another airfield to land at. | also race cars and have often been more frightened doing that than flying” D Georgina gave up her career as a social worker to become a professional acrobatic parachutist. ‘first tried parachute jumping in my teens, but did- n't particularly like it. Then, in my mid-20s | visited the States and went on a jump with a friend. | was hooked straight away. | like being in the air and the freedom it gives me, and the fact that you can’t switch off - you really have to concentrate or you put the rest of the team in jeopardy. | think I'm a level-headed and calm person, so | rarely panic in a difficult situation. | have been in danger though. One time another member of the team jumped out of the plane too quickly, landed on me and knocked me out. Fortunately someone else saw it happen and grabbed hold of me. We landed together with me still unconscious, which is a very difficult manoeu- vre, The accident damaged my confidence, but. within weeks | was back jumping again’WRITING - Part 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1. You have listened to a public lecture about ways of reducing plastic pollution. You have made the notes below: Which methods should be used to reduce plastic pollution? ® ban plastic bags © use biodegradable plastic bags © charge customers for bags Some opinions expressed in the lecture: “A ban on plastic bags is impractical.” "Customers will refuse to pay for plastic bags.” "Biodegradable bags are the only way to prevent plastic pollution." Write an essay discussing two of the solutions suggested in the lecture. You should explain which solution is more effective in reducing plastic pollution, giving reasons in support of your answer. ‘You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. WRITING - Part 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2. You have just completed a cooking course. As part of the school's research and efforts to offer superior classes, they have asked you to write an evaluation of your experience as a student. Your report should discuss what you learned from the class and what you thought of the teachers and their instruction methods. Mention any ways you think the class could be improved and say whether you would or would not recommend the course to a friend or relative. Write your report. 3. You and your friends recently read a book using an electronic reader. You decide to write a review of the book for your blog. In your review you should give your opinion of reading on an electronic reader rather than a traditional book and say whether you think electronic readers are a good way of reading a book, in general. Write your review. 4. Allocal newspaper has invited its readers to write their opinion about the number of CCTV cameras around the city. You decide to send in a letter in which you explain the reasons why you think they are a good idea and assess the consequences of reducing the number of cameras or abolishing them altogether, Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.LISTEMIMG You hear three different extracts, For questions 1 - 6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear part of a radio interview with a man who is talking about the English collective humour. 1 He says that English humour involves A enjoying individuality. B being self-effacing. C _ makinga distinction. In his opinion, a good comedian makes use of A daily life. B household features. © audience participation Extract Two You hear two people discussing a television series. 3 The woman thinks the programme is worth watching because A ithasacredible storyline. B it has a cast of famous actors. C __itcovers a range of emotions. 4 — What is the man’s attitude towards the series now? A Heis indifferent to the programme. B He thinks itis formulaic. He has grown to appreciate it. Extract Three You hear a woman, Rachael, talking about a course she completed. 5 What is Rachael's opinion of the course? A It gave her new opportunities. B She found the design element demanding. © The course was too research focused. What do Rachael's clients appreciate about her clothes? A They are part of a small collection. B The item they buy from her is unique. Their clothes are made by hand.Listening Part 2 You will hear Francesca Bernnaise, a ranger at a national park, talking about an animal called the Pyrenean desman. For Questions 7-14, complete the sentences. Francesca stresses that the Alt Pirineu National Park is committed to the idea of Francesca uses the word | | to explain why itis difficult to see the Pyrenean desman, ‘The general opinion is that the Pyrenean desman was once Hi ‘throughout the mountains of France, Portugal and Spain. ‘The Pyrenean desman's main distinguishing feature is its J io | Scientists at the park are still investigating the desman’s fi | to find out how many there are. The park has learned more about the Pyrenean desman through the use of [12 | fi The scientists have determined that the desman is actually | 13 | and tolerant of other desmans. The Pyrenean desman and the Russian desman are the only two survivors of their ga. Part 3 You will hear an interview in which two scientists, Professor Cindy Renshaw and Doctor Andrew Watkins, discuss the increased frequency of flooding in the UK. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 Andrew says that the problem they face is that | 18 According to Cindy, the main problem with people fail to new construction work is that AA realise how much damage is now being caused A it is hard to avoid copying the past. B take measures to prevent the increased rainfall B the buildings aren't designed to withstand € accommodate the seasonal changing of the flooding. weather. € the Victorians object to changes. D understand the flooding now has a different. D too many properties are being built cause. 19 Andrew believes his mother’s home flooded 16 How does Andrew feel about current flood due to protection? A her having too many possessions, A It is inadequate given the new conditions. B her house being built in a flood plain. B It can cope with small, localised flooding. C her front door being at ground level. € It cannot handle such severe stormy weather. D her not having any home insurance. D It was never intended to be used so often. 20 According to Andrew, why won't many people 17 What Is Cindy's attitude towards the be able to insure their homes? construction of new properties in flood plains? A because of the rain frequency A sceptical about why houses are being built B because of construction errors B fearful that not enough houses are constructed € due to the high cost € concerned that it will result in serious problems D due to their homes’ location D judgmental about the builders’ motivesLISTEMIMG Part 4 You will hear five short extracts in which students talk about doing two weeks work experience, when they work for a local company to see if itis the career that they want. TASK ONE For questions 21 - 25, choose from the list (AH), what reason each speaker Gives for choosing that particular job. TASK TWO For questions 26 - 30, choose from the list (A -H) what benefit each speaker mentions about their work experience. While you listen, you must complete both tasks. A. the convenience of the location B. the chance to get practical experience C. the prospect of seeing gpeaker 1 { ) 21 what it's really like in Speaker 2( )2z practice D.thebusinesss 900d gy saker 3{)23 standing a E.achildhood ambition Speaker 4{__)24 F. arelative’s recommendation Speaker 5{_)25 G. an opening to work with animals H. an opportunity to work with printed material A. reconsidering a situation B, learning more about new technology Speaker | {26 Speaker 2(_ 27 C. changing career direction D. taking responsibility re Speaker 3{ 28 E. made them realise it was a good idea Speaker 4 29 to study harder ' O F. deciding about a Speaker 5(_)30 career G. working with the public H. making useful contactsREADING and USE OF EMGLIS Part I For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). 0) @® revival B recovery € restoration D resumption London Coffee Houses The independent coffee shop is nothing new, particularly in London. Over the last decade, there has been a (0). A of cafés in which to drink latte, but the real development in coffee houses was in the late 1600s to early 1700s, when around three thousand coffee houses suddenly (1) on the streets of London. The very first coffee shop in Britain opened in 1650 in Oxford. Only two years later, Pasqua Rosee, a Greek servant, (2) coffee to London by opening a coffee shop in St. Michael's Alley, Cornhill. it proved to be an immediate success and others soon followed (3). ~ Men almost (4). gathered in coffee houses rather than taverns, leading to more (5). business deals. The better places soon attracted (6), customers who were there for a (7). reason. For example, Edward Lloyd's coffee house on Tower Street drew those who were interested in marine insurance, so it is no surprise that this coffee shop developed into Lloyd's of London. The London Stock Exchange, Sotheby's and Christie's also have their (8) in London coffee houses. expanded mushroomed swelled multiplied fetched passed © conveyed brought suit course direction trend closely directly immediately severely productive industrious conscientious systematic conventional normal regular usual precise particular specific inet basis causes sources originsREADIMG and USE OF EMGLISH Part Z For questions 9 - 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: 0 ° An amazing sense of smell A dog's sense (0). OF smell is amazing. Indeed, the ability of a dog (9). detect a scent is estimated to be a million times greater (10) that of a human. Just as ahuman brain is wired to learn language, (11) is a large part of a dog's brain devoted to interpreting senses. It is (12). senses that have contributed to dogs saving human lives. Dogs helped humans for centuries before today’s canine jobs came to public notice. They have successfully found bombs and have also been put to work in arson investigations. Helping rescue victims of disasters, they have also tracked (13) escaped criminals and lost children. What is (14). some dogs have been training with doctors to detect human skin cancer, identifying the iliness (15) before doctors have diagnosed it. (16) virtue of their nose, they can identify the smell of footprints, even if they have been trampled on for several weeks.Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. For questions 17 - 24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: 0 The British and the queue It is thought by many that queuing is (0)..ESPECIALLY ___ ritish, but the first reference to it is in the Oxford English Dictionary in 1837, where it was referred to as a French custom. The British, however, believe they queue without (17) , whether itis for tickets for Wimbledon or out of (18) to be first in the queue for the sales. The British have been (19). as good at queuing because during and after the end of the Second World War, food was still short and (20). _ and rationing the norm. This meant it was (21) to stand in a line to wait their turn to be served, sometimes causing a (22) and with the police quite likely to be called to disperse the crowds. ‘One (23) has described the British as willing to stand in a queue because it bolsters their self-image of (24) and politeness, so anyone who tries to push in should do it subtly or face the wrath of the queue. SPECIAL PATIENT DESPAIR DESIGN DEPRIVE ESSENCE AGREE SEARCH PRAGMATICREADIMG and USE OF ENGLISH Part 4 For questions 25 - 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 Itwas impossible for her to accept that she would never see him again. terms She that she would never see him again. Oi COULD NOT COME TO TERMS WITH THE FACT Write only the missing words. 25 judy has been involved in a court case before. time The ina court case. 26 ‘tt’snone of your business who | go out with!’ Audrey shouted at her mother. concern Audrey shouted at her mother that who she of hers 27 Sandra was about to shut the shop when customers walked i point Sandra when customers walked in. 28 MrReynolds has been told that you were rude to a client. attention It that you were rude to a client. 24 Elizabeth completely ignored the fact that she was unsuitable for the job. notice Elizabeth she was unsuitable for the job. 30 __thad only just switched on the oven when the electricity cut out. sooner No the electricity cut out.You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 31 - 36, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. Jodie goes to court Ithad been an uncertain last six months for Jodie where her own future and fortunes were concerned. She had had to rely on unemployment benefit since she had been sacked, although she had always felt her employer underpaid her for the amount of responsibilty she had. Add to this working late every day, the extra hours unpaid, she had always felthard done by. Now, however, after having to economise on everything, her salary fel like long lost riches, a blessing before her world had collapsed around her. Determinedly, Jodie had applied for other jobs. With equal regularity, Jodie’s applications were ignored, Occasionally she got lucky and was rewarded with an interview. Unfortunately, being a truthful person though Jodie found irony in this statement - as soon as she mentioned she had been fired and explained the circumstances, she was shown the door. She could not bring herself to lie about it, because she was convinced she would be found out anyway. Protestations about her innocence were met with looks of incredulity by all of the prospective employers she saw. One had even muttered, There's no smoke without fre’ [Now she was literally facing her day in court. Jodie stood across the road from the impressive building, the bronze scales of justice on the roof glinting in the morning sun. Thoughts were swirling around her head and she realised hhow nervous she was. No, not nervous. Her over-riding emotion was fear, She was terrified. She had never set foot in a courtroom before, and here she was on tral for a crime she had not commited, Embezzlement was a sordid word to her mind and she had hated it ever since the two plain clothes detectives had knocked on her door one Friday evening and accused her of it, They had taken her to the police station, fingerprinted her, taken a staterent and formally charged her. They had not been impolite, but it was quite obvious they had not believed anything she said, Jodie had immediately made an appointment with the family solicitor. Mr. Hardcastle had known Jodie all her life, and to say the elderly man was shocked was an understatement. He spluttered and hurrumped for a few minutes, but then he was all business. He was a wise and clever man who asked her for every detail. He then engaged a lawyer ‘who was steadily building a reputation as an astute court practitioner. Jodie had met him twice. The first time she had found him extremely intimidating. Born with a silver spoon in his mouth, Sir James Fitzgerald had attended Eton and Oxford, but was no wastrel. Despite his background, he was shrewd and intelligent, and seemed to thrive on the cut and thrust of a complex case. They had spent thirty minutes together, when he had made notes on her answers to his very pertinent questions. The second time, he had reassured her as he pointed out that his enquiries had proved that on at least four occassions when cheques had been forged, she had not been in the office. Her innocence on ‘two of those occasions could be proved conclusively. One occasion had been when Jodie was hospitalised for minor eye surgery , and the other she had been at a conference in London. On the other two instances, she had been at subsidiary branches and although there were records of this, they were not official enough to stand up in court. She felt her shoulders relax when he relayed this information to her, but he followed this up by stating that if found guilty, she would most probably be imprisoned for at least a year He had allayed some of her fears by pointing out that this was unlikely to happen, as it was her frst offence. She had no criminal record. Jodie's mother, Enid, had become quite argumentative when told ths. ust let the judge try. Hell have me to answer to! Her attitude had taken Jodie by surprise and she had to stronaly discourage her from attending court on the appointed day. The conversation flashed through Jodie's mind, and she gave a wry smile. The day of reckoning was here. She looked both ways, crossed the road, and with a deep sign, entered the building, She spotted Sir James immediately, and with long confident strides that belied how she really felt, she approached him.’Ah, Miss Rogers, youre here. | have some good news. The presiding judge is old Sturridge. He's fair-minded and has never sent a woman to prison in all his time on the bench. | think we're in for a good day. Today we will see your old boss sent to jail and you re-instated in your job, with your unblemished record again intact!3l 32 33 34 35 36 READING and USE OF EMGLISH How does Jodie fee! now about the sum she used to be paid? A Ithad made her feel secure and valued. B She was unwise to have given it up. C __Itrepresented a fair payment for her work. D__ She ought to have appreciated it more. Jodie discovered that in job interviews explanations are unnecessary. determination is never enough. sarcasm is a good defence. honesty is not the best policy. onw> What made Jodie arrange to meet Mr, Hardcastle? She could rely on him as a family friend. She knew he would do his utmost to help her. She hoped he would be acquainted with a good lawyer. She was frightened by the visit of the two detectives. onw> What was Jodie’s first impression of Sir James Fitzgerald? A She thought he lived up to his reputation. B She felt he enjoyed being the bearer of bad news. She found him to be perceptive but daunting. D_ She believed he had discovered relevant evidence. Itis suggested that Jodie’s mother, Enid understands nothing about the law. has low expectations of the judge. expects Jodie to go to prison. is aggressive and uncompromising. onw> The attitude of the lawyer towards Jodie shows that he has facts about Jodie's old boss. knowledge of what will happen. confidence in his abilities. faith in the judge's experience. onw>Part 6 You are going to read four reviews of a hotel. For questions 37-40, choose from reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. remem eal F A Natural light streamed in from all sides of the whim- sically decorated lobby, which held bright red chairs and sofas, ceiling-height black bookshelves crammed, with books and subtle nods to their natural sur- roundings. More refreshingly, there were actual peo- ple hanging out in the lobby; watching TV, working at one of the many tables, having coffee at the coffee bar or reading a book or their tablet in a quiet nook. The whole atmosphere reminded me of a hotel | vis- ited in the German countryside. Given that the rooms upstairs are tiny and poorly arranged, it makes sense that guests would choose to socialise down- stairs where you'll find a Samsung tablet that con- trols everything in the semi-private area from the blinds to the TV and mood-lighting, free movies, free WiFi, a narrow desk to work at or to place all your gadgets on for charging. On a brighter note though, the views from each window of the hotel are simply amazing. B Most businesses have a customer type they hope to entice into giving up their hard-earned money, and. hotels are no exception. This hotel focuses on a very misunderstood but very particular kind of traveler; the hipster. Everything about this hotel seems to appeal to their very specific likes. Their rooms are sparse and small making it important for the hipster focus on the ‘realness’ of the space. In other words, they take sleep or take selfies in their rooms and nothing else. It is perfect if you are the target demo- graphic. The public area is spacious enough to give some privacy but also inviting enough to encourage ‘intellectual’ discourse. There is a very clear connec: tion to another hotel in which I stayed while | was traveling through Europe. It seems like more and more hipster-like (or hipster friendly at least) estab- lishments are opening in the world. c One good thing say about my stay at this hotel is that the view from anywhere in the building was amazing. The lobby had some great services and the staff were all very professional. The rooms however were so cramped and uninteresting that | felt ike | was in a closet and not a room. AS | said, though, the staff seemed to know exactly what they were doing, and | felt like they were very well trained, The hotel restaurant was fantastic; as was the coffee bar. Guests spent a lot of time in these public areas and | understand why. There was so much to do there, and it was so relaxing. This hotel has hit upon a very interesting market that | don't think has been tapped into yet; getting guests to spend more time around each other than in their rooms, by making their rooms so poorly designed. D ‘When | was traveling throughout Europe | stayed in 4 hotel much like this one. In fact, this hotel has the same target demographic. During my stay in the hotel | was reminded of the Bohemian, artistic style in the Europe of the 80s and 90s. Something which | think is becoming quite the thing in the hipster sub: ‘culture. A subculture that is very much the customer base this hotel wants and is taping into. Though, in tthe hotel in Europe the rooms were well-designed and well-furnished. if there is one thing that both- ered me about my stay in this hotel it is that their rooms were so badly thought out. My experience of the business on the whole, though, was positive and, I think, refreshing, itis rare to find a place so creative and full of character.Reading and Use of English Which reviewer compares the hotel's ambiance with a hotel in Europe, like reviewer A? like reviewer B, talks about the type of clients the hotel caters to? disagrees with the the other three reviewers, saying that the hotel has well designed rooms? describes the view from their room, like reviewer C?Part 7 You are going to read a review of a film. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. DYE Tate FM Ten V Are § Quentin Tarantino's return to form with a humourous western about slavery. Django Unchained, a virtuoso but violent revenge western, debuts the bromcom pairing of Jamie Foxx and Christoph Waltz, and is set against a back- ground of the slave plantations in the south, two years before the Civil War. Many people expressed surprise that it was nominated for an Oscar for Best Picture, but this is certainly Quentin Tarantino's best film since Pulp Fiction. es Foxx is Django, a slave when the film opens, being walked through Texas in chains in bitterly cold weather, Here he has what can be described as ither a fortuitous or a fateful encounter with Dr. King Schultz (Waltz), an enigmatic, dapper German ex-dentist, who speaks impeccable English. Schultz, now a bounty hunter, frees Django, by killing the slave traders transporting him, giving us a first glimpse of the mayhem and violence to come. Pe Sees ae aanaeSiecel She is now a slave at the Mississippi plantation, Candieland, the property of the repulsive bigoted sadist, Calvin Candie, who is memorably brought to life on the silver screen by Leonardo DiCaprio. An unlikely partnership begins between Django and. Schultz, as they set off on a journey to secure her freedom and in the process exact Django’s retribu- tion on Candie. ee SHAE rete ‘The end of their journey is at the fiefdom of Calvin Candie, a charming aristocrat whose plantation is a symbol of oppression and corruption of the human’ spirit. DiCaprio's Candie is a repugnant character, full of his own importance and Southern polite- ness, and a fully paid up racial supremacist. a Candie’s pretence of being genial disguises a sadist who allows a man to be ripped limb from limb by rabid dogs as punishment. He is an enthusiast of “Mandingo wrestling -a fight to the death between slaves. The obscene humiliation of this is plain, yet its impact is lessened by the atmosphere of the men who hang around to watch the men die slowly. ga He employs his glare, language and a tremor that suggests Parkinson's disease to bolster Candie's abhorrent racism. It shocks to see an African ‘American so vehemently supporting a white man who, despite the servant's loyalty, would shoot him. in an instant. ee enna The quandary for Tarantino in general - and Django in particular ~is that of tone. The viewer is never quite sure about it. For instance, the scene where a menacing posse of masked Ku Klux Klansmen. arrives to attack Foxx and Schwartz deteriorates into farce when they start squabbling about the size of the eye-holes in their bagged masks. itis typical Tarantino to incorporate this back-and-forth dialogue, and that’s fine. But Tarantino has yet to determine a way to amalgamate humour with horror, which becomes quite extreme in the latter half of the film,Reading and Use of English a Tarantino’s message of exploitation is such that some bad people commit repeated cruelty against the innocent. This sets the scene for retaliation, because the good downtrodden people and their associates have good reasons to take revenge. Their revenge is justified because they have been agera- vated and mistreated. The more they have been assaulted, the more they merit the punishment, ‘That way the audience feels happy and morally assured in the display of violence - after all, the vic~ tims deserve it. B He is impeccably dressed, but the overall impression Is one of shabbiness, the same as his personality. He is fairly young, but seems middle aged and seedy. He has no qualms about abusing, maiming or killing his slaves, sometimes in the most brutal manner and takes pleasure in watching them suffer. c The film is to some extent based on the Django westerns of the 1960s, featuring Franco Nero, as well as the infamous Mandingo film of 1975. However, this fantastically outrageous version ‘operates on its own terms - or perhaps Tarantino's terms of violence - something of an impudent yet extremely humorous nightmare series of ever more violent events, D Despite an impeccable line up of stars, the one who ‘outshines the rest and totally upstages them is Samuel L Jackson, who gives the performance of his life as Stephen, Candie’s household attendant, a sort of Uncle Tom character, who is wholly and bel- ligerently devoted to his master. E And so it ends fatally forthe slavers, but Schultz has found his man, as Django agrees to help him hunt ddown three outlaws in exchange for his freedom, Bounty-hunting, Schultz explains, i ‘a flesh-for-cash business just lke slavery. Django is also seeking his wife, a Germanspeaking slave named - to Schult’s surprise - Broomhilda (Kerry Washington). Like Django she was a runaway, and is branded on the face with a teltale R F Tarantino makes all ofthis glaringly obvious and keeps reminding the viewer, something that only he ‘and Jackson could have carried off in the Stephen character. Its cringe making when watched, espe- cially when so few films in Hollywood deal with the subject of slavery, except from the point of view of abolition. Tarantino is more than willing to deal with the subject matter head on, warts and all 6 In a surprisingly unpatronising manner, during their travels Schultz instils in Django a feeling of his own independence, concentrating his antagonism against those who have misused him, and showing Django ‘why he should show them no mercy, The German teaches him such practical things as how to handle ‘8 gun and shoot accurately, how to read, as well as. the more subtle arts of roleplaying, being patient ‘and also biding his time to take revenge.Part 8 You are going to read a magazine article about six young girls who have achieved success as designers while still in their teens. For questions: 47-56, choose from the sections (A-F). The sections may be chosen more than once. ‘Which of the successful young girls ‘owes success to doing something on a whim? is considering expanding her business? hopes to become very wealthy? was inspired by something boring? makes things that are cheap, fashionable and practical? makes a link between her success and having to learn a skill? seems modest about her success? started a bussiness for which she had no formal training? discovered her future career by accident? began her business because she had time on her hands? ABE 52 =] Ke 54 H 5] 56 xReading and Use of English young female entrepreneurs PE Rac er aCe eee LY Rees A Anala Patel - children’s clothes designer There's no doubt that Anala is going to be a big name in the future. Her forte is children’s clothes that challenge the traditional. Her fabries do not crease, are washable, and are not what children ‘would usually wear. Their cut and their design is more like a high-end fashion designer would make, yet they are inexpensive. ‘At my school’ explains the 16 year-old, ‘we have to learn practical skill, such as sewing, We had to design and make some ‘thing for a child, and I really took to it. Before | knew it, a chain store wanted my designs and m going to work full-time for them when | leave school. i's so unreal when I see my name on the labels’ B Katerina Stellas - shoe designer ‘'m 18 and a shoe designer. Who'd have ever thought that would happen? Certainly not me!” Katerina’s life has changed completely and despite her excitement, she seems remarkably calm about her sudden rise to fame. Her shoes can be seen everywhere and now she's left school she’s devot- ing herself full-time to her new career, I never dreamed something like this could happen. On impulse, | entered a competition So You Think You Could Do Better’ and I won. | love shoes, but could never find any that were really different and unique. Now | can, and so can every other teenag- er! Katerina has plans to design for all age groups and is surprisingly eager considering she's already struck it rich, Richenda Lefevre - website designer Richenda has no art training or real computer back- ground, yet here she Is, running her own business designing websites for large corporations, at the tender age of seventeen, ‘| built my own website when | was fifteen. You know, one of those free ones you can get. It was fun and I really got into all the different effects you could achieve. People started asking who had designed the site, and then my uncles asked for my help to set up their website for their business, and it just grew from there” Today, Richenda is revamping the websites of com- panies that deal primarily with teenagers, and she has more work than she can handle. She's thinking, of taking on staff - teenagers, of course! D_ Jemma Shuter - computer games designer Jemma had no interest in computer or video games Until she was fifteen, when she played her first game with a friend. She talks now like she's been doing it all her life. She found the game repetitive and dull and thought she could improve on it. She spent six months in the evenings and at weekends ‘working on it, but didn’t really expect to sell it to anyone. ‘it was always just to prove I could do it. My dad approached a company and now that it’s on the shelves, it feels great. My friends all love it and have bought a copy. I'm working on another one now that'll be even better | hope. I'm quite proud of it already! E Ivy Dawson - furniture designer ‘was so thrilled when I saw the furniture dé designed on display for everyone to see. All my ideas had come to life’ When Ivy and her family moved to a bigger house, her parents said she could have new bedroom fur- niture. They searched everywhere but couldn't find anything she liked. So Ivy made drawings of what she wanted and took it to the biggest department store in the area to ask if they could make it for her. ‘They were so impressed with her designs that the 17 year-old is now working for them. ‘t had no idea what | wanted to do after | left school, so | found what | want to do purely by chance. I'm so happy. F Ellie Foxx - Jewellery designer Ellie started to make her own jewellery when she was studying for her A-levels to go to university.‘ didi’t have to go to school every day, and I couldn’t study all the time. Without much money, | bought some beads and the other stuff | needed! Ellie posted pictures of what she'd made on a social website to show her friends. They all wanted some | didn’t expect anything like this. Despite getting into university, "'ve decided to concentrate on the jewellery making. | sel it online and am sending out over a thousand orders a week. My goal isto ‘make my frst milion by the time I'm twenty-one, so two years to do it!WRITING - Part 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1. You have just listened to a radio discussion about how to encourage schoolchildren to eat healthily, You have made the notes below: Which methods should be employed to encourage healthier eating in schoolchildren? school educational programmes % subsidy of healthy foods in school canteens ban on unhealthy foods in school canteens Some opinions expressed in the discussion: “Education only works for those willing to change.” “Tf healthier foods are cheaper, more people will eat them." “Banning unhealthy foods at school won't work: students will eat them outside school.” ‘Write an essay discussing two of the suggestions in your notes. You should explain which solution is more effective for encouraging healthier eating in schoolchildren, giving reasons in support of your answer. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. WRITING - Part 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2. Your boss at work has asked you for ways to improve the overall wellness of your colleagues. He has asked you to come up with a proposal with recommendations for what and how to encourage people to improve their health. Other companies have encouraged employees to eat right, sleep well, exercise regularly, socialise with friends and family and to take holidays. You may use these suggestions in your proposal, but feel free to incorporate others. Be sure to provide reasons to support your recommendations. Write your proposal. 3. Your college has decided to start weekly English lessons via the Internet with a college in England. These lessons will be in addition to the English classes you already have. You have been asked to write a report for your teacher on the types of activities that most students would enjoy and why. You should also recommend whether the lessons should be held more often than once a week. Write your report. 4, Anewspaper is planning a series about how young people today like to celebrate their birthday, Readers are invited to send in letters in which they describe a birthday which was especially memorable and. explain its significance in their ives. You decide to send in a letter. Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.LISTEMIMG You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1 - 6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear part of an interview with a book critic, who is discussing a new book. 1 What is the book critic's opinion of Mitchell's latest work? A Itdisplaysa lack of linguistic ability. B It measures up to his first book. C _Itexhibits a poor understanding of slavery. The book critic says that Mitchell's newest book A isexhorbitantly expensive. B lacks originality and detail. C does not arouse the reader's compassion. Extract Two You hear a woman talking about research being carried out in a small village. 3 What was the original objective of the research? A Todiscover why crimes took place at a certain time B To warn about the increase in crime _Toraise awareness about major crimes 4 What is the speaker's opinion of her research? A Her experiment is too ambitious. B Her approach in general is different. C Her work will help others. Extract Three You hear a man talking on the radio about his favourite television programme. 5 — How does the man say he feels when watching his favourite TV programme? A encouraged B involved C nostalgic The man believes that critics of his favourite programme are wrong to A question the scope ot its popularity. B discount the scriptwriters skill. C underestimate its wide appeal.Listening Part 2 You will hear a man, Christopher Aquilina, from the Gemmological Institute, giving a short talk on the subject of emeralds, a valuable green gemstone. For Questions 7-14, complete the sentences. that ruin colour. of the Earth, The most ancient emeralds discovered were from the [EA area in Egypt. Uniformiy coloured emerald is EIS because most emeralds have flaws The flaws in an emerald are caused by a natural EZ in the past. When chromium is added to a beryl, the | 10 | colour of an emerald is produced. All the parts that form an emerald are usually located in Pui | of the crust The flaws in emeralds are formed through the [LEA they endure when being formed. Itis not possible to AEM the quality of an emerald, no matter where it comes from, Emeralds rom Zambia displya IZM | shade of dark green Part 3 You will hear a discussion in which two ornithologists, Sally Passante and Barry Winters, talk about a documentary they made about birds in Britain. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 _Sally’s interest in ornithology dates from ‘A the years nursing sick birds. B a documentary she made. her earliest childhood years. D her father building avaries. 16 The bird documentary Sally and Barry produced ‘A was not intended to be taken over seriously. B required them doing a lot of experimentation © made use of previously unknown information. D was filmed in remote rural areas of Britain. 17 Why did the jays make the noise Barry describes? ‘A to warn the others of a hunter B to call the others for a meal C to announce the death of one of them D to make the others aware of the people's presence 18 How did Sally feel when she observed the jays? A uncertain about their actions B astounded by their behaviour C worried as they were not eating D disappointed by the experiments 19 When they were studying the dawn chorus, they were surprised to A realise some birds had resolved their problems themselves. B discover the birds disliked imitation birds and painted wood. € ascertain the birds shared information about nearby danger. D determine that in some areas there is now no dawn chorus. 20 What was most impressive about their investigations into the dawn chorus? A the number of birds that participate in it B the unusual loudness of the birds’ songs Chow long the birds sing for each morning D how one kind of bird has changed its habitsLISTEMIMG Part 4 You will hear five short extracts in which different people are talking about why they no longer live at home with their family. TASK ONE TASK TWO For questions 21 - 25, choose from the For questions 26 - 30, choose from list (A - H), what reason each speaker the list (A - H) what each speaker has gives for moving away. learned from their experience. While you listen, you must complete both tasks. ‘A. improved language skills B. a more mature attitude A. to accept promotion to studying B. to find work a ; : Speaker 1 (_) 21] f C-conaueringfinancial gpeaker 1 (_ )26 ~ problems C.to learn anew | langauge Speaker 2{ 22 iD neescadl Speaker 2( )27 independence D.to study Speaker 3( )23 Speaker 3(_ )2e z = E. learning to deal with = E.toworkinanoffice Speaker 4( )24 disappointment Speaker 4|_ )24 Ftodovoluntarywork — gpeaker 5(_ ]25 F. making life-long Speaker 5(_ )30 friendships G. to marry G. the opportunity to H. to travel consider future plans H.a chance to live without financial pressuresFor questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). 0 DA attraction noticeable © midpoint D interior ro orm cin SR BERNER TERETE AEST The curious village of Gammelstad In Gammelstad in Lapland stands a 15th century church, the most (0) B of the village, encircled by cottages that were not slept in for more than one night a week, in any week of the year. When the cottages were built, Laplanders were obliged by (1) to attend church, however far away they lived. The majority of people lived on (2) farms, some a hundred miles or more from their nearest church, so the parishioners’ answer to being unable to travel so far and (3) their farm in one day, was to construct ‘church villages. Churchgoers could travel to these improvised villages from (4) , stay overnight to be present at church the next day, before starting the long (5) back home. Each cottage was constructed without nails so that in the (6)........of fire they could be disassembled quickly. Gammelstad is the biggest and best-preserved of the villages that have survived centuries. Today, just over four hundred red-timbered cottages are still standing in their original (7) , frozen in time just as if each (8) will be back at any minute. ~ 1 A legal B law © commandment D edict ~ Z A lonely B retiring € solitary D isolated ~ E 3) A goback B returnto C goagain D take back 4) A farafield B_ long shot C away with D_ near enough , A travel B_ wander © trail D trek 6) A episode B_ incident C event D_ occasion ~< 7) A profile B figure © form D structure < Pp 1g) g 3) A ledger B occupant C habitat D tenant ~READIMG and USE OF EMGLISH Part Z For questions 9 - 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: 0 [L L The beating heart of the planet More or(0). LESS__ three-quarters of the surface of the Earth is covered in water, which means almost ninety percent of all the living (9) on this planet is found in the oceans. These immense reserves provided a (10) haven for primitive life to begin, and millions of years later (11), remain the abode of an abundance (12) remarkable creatures. In (13) to being the habitat of everything from shrimps to whales, the seas also offer crucial benefits to the world: they provide humans (14) a cornucopia of food and they clean our atmosphere, They soak up greenhouse gases, removing carbon dioxide from the environment. They now absorb about a third of all human carbon emissions. (15) this service to the planet comes at a (16) The oceans are gradually becoming more acidic, threatening the lives of the incredible variety of creatures that reside within them.For questions 17 - 24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: 0 Lack of sleep The right amount of sleep is (0) __... VITALLY, important for the body. So those who sleep less than six hours a night run the risk of disturbing their a7. clock and the normal behaviour of genes that are necessary for good health, including genes associated with stress and fighting disease. The results of tests on each (18). exposed to less than six hours of sleep a night showed changes in more than 700 genes. Every (19) that wasaltered could lead toa variety of ailments, such as heart disease, diabetes, depression and obesity, in those that sleep too little. Sleep loss also had a (20)... effecton genesthat govern the body clock, implying that poor sleep patterns might start a vicious cycle of an sleep disruption. Although so many genes were (22) disrupted in the sleep-deprived, researchers cannot say whether those changes are a (23) short-term response to poor sleep, a sign of the body adapting to sleep-deprivation, or are (24). harmful to health. VITAL BIOLOGY VOLUNTARY MECHANICAL DousT HARM POTENT