Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ON
ORGANISATION
SUBMITTED BY
ARIF HUSSAIN
20BSPHH01C0220
Distribution List: -
This is to confirm that this project report titled “FUNDAMENTAL & TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF
HOSPITALITY SECTOR (mod-cap)” is an original research work done by Mr. ARIF HUSSAIN,
bearing Enrollment No. 20BSPHH01C0220, MBA Batch of 2020-2022, ICFAI Business School
HYDERABAD during the course of Summer Internship at HDFC Life Insurance Co. Ltd.
This report is submitted towards the partial fulfillment of the requirement of the MBA Program of
ICFAI Business School, HYDERABAD. The results embodied in this report have not been submitted
to any other University or Organization for assessment or award.
The internship I got with HDFC Life Insurance Co. Ltd. was a great opportunity for learning and
professional development. I am grateful for having given a chance to meet so many wonderful,
talented and skilled professionals who led me though this internship period.
I am using this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and special thanks to Mr. Mohd. Yusuf
Khan (Circle Head-Mumbai). In spite of being extremely busy with his duties and responsibilities, he
took time out to hear, guide, keep me on the correct path and allowed me to carry out my project at
his esteemed organization.
I would also like to express special thanks to my faculty guide, Prof. DR. MUSARRAT SHAHEEN,
for her valuable guidance and support throughout the project. I sincerely acknowledge her for
extending her valuable guidance and critical reviews on the project and above all, the moral support
she provided during all the stages of this project.
I extend my gratitude to ICFAI Business School, HYDERABAD for giving me this excellent
opportunity.
ARIF HUSSAIN
20BSPHH01C0220
ABSTRACT
A mutual fund is an investment vehicle, which is made by pooling of money collected from
different investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money
market instruments and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by professional fund managers,
who allocate the funds and attempt to produce capital gains and/or income for the investors
who have provided with the fund. A mutual fund portfolio is structured in a way to match the
investment objectives stated in its prospectus.
The aim of the training is to learn the various analysis so that the fund can be allocated in the
portfolio that we have made for a particular sector or the combination of different sectors’ large
cap stocks so that the probability of getting the profit and increasing the NAV should increase.
The technical and fundamental analysis has been used to make a better portfolio. Fundamental
analysis has been done to make the portfolio of the stocks of a sector and calculating the NAV
and Technical analysis is used for trading. The motive is to learn the skills as a financial analyst
to improve the probability of getting appreciation from the portfolio.
Learned about the company HDFC Life Insurance and also researched on its products. Learned
about the mutual funds and its types that the company offer. Also, the main business of the
company i.e., insurance is being learned during the training.
Project has been started, in which the allocation of the fund has to be done by making a portfolio
using fundamental analysis and calculating NAV on the daily basis. Till the present situation
Fundamental Analysis has been completed and my portfolio is being managed basedon the
analysis. Technical Analysis is yet to commence. The final results will be shown at the end of
the training.
TABLE OF CONTENT
2 MUTUAL FUNDS 4 – 12
2.1 types of mutual funds 4
2.2 systematic investment planning 6
2.3 risk profile questionnaire and its conclusion 7
3 LIVE TRADING 13 – 19
3.1 about 13
3.2 strategies and indicators 14
4 PROJECT 20 – 39
4.1 Introduction 20
4.2 objective 21
4.3 methodology 21
4.4 index 21
4.4.1 index calculation 22 to 24
4.5 FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS 25 – 34
4.5.1. steps for sectoral fundamental analysis 25
4.5.2. ranking 26
4.5.3. fundamental analysis of hospitality sector 27 to 29
4.5.4. asset allocation 30
4.5.5. Fund sheet 34
4.6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS 34 – 38
4.6.1. different charts and their analysis in long run 35
4.7 FINDINGS & CONCLUSION 39
6 DERIVATIVES 47 – 55
5.1 types of derivatives 48
7 LIVE PROJECT 56 – 60
8 REFERENCES 61
1. INTRODUCTION
Formerly known as HDFC Standard Life Insurance Company Limited is a joint venture
between HDFC Limited, one of India’s housing finance institution and Standard Life
Aberdeen, a global investment company.
HDFC Life Insurance Company Limited was established in 2000. At present it is standing as
one of India’s leading life insurance companies which offers a range of individual and group
solutions, to meet the various needs of the customers at different life stages.
It has a stronghold in the Insurance sector with 412 branches and additional distribution
touchpoints through several partnerships. These partnerships include NBFCs (Non – Banking
Financial Companies), MFIs (Micro Finance Institutions), SFBs (Small Finance Banks) and
also partnerships non – traditional ecosystems. The Company is also strengthened by a strong
base of financial consultants.
In Fiscal 2012, The Company established a wholly-owned subsidiary, HDFC Pension
Management Company Ltd., to operate its pension fund business under the National Pension
Scheme (NPS) and in Fiscal 2016, the Company established its first international wholly –
owned subsidiary in the UAE, namely HDFC International Life and Re Company Ltd., to
operate its reinsurance business.
• HDFC Limited
HDFC was incorporated as a public limited company on October 17, 1977 under the
Companies Act, 1956 and received a certificate of commencement of business on
December 3, 1977. The equity shares of HDFC were listed on BSE in 1978 and NSE in
1996. The equity shares of HDFC are currently listed on NSE and BSE.
As per the terms of the memorandum of association of HDFC, the main object is to
provide money to any person, company, association or society, with or without interest,
and/or with or without any security. Its purpose is to enable the borrower to erect or
purchase or enlarge or repair any house or building or lease any property in India on
such terms and conditions as it may deem fit.
• Standard Life Mauritius
Standard Life Mauritius was incorporated as a private company limited by shares on
April 7, 2006 under the laws of Mauritius with the Registrar of Companies, Mauritius. It
holds a Category 1 Global Business License issued by the Financial Services
Commission and carries out the work of holding investment. The shares of Standard Life
Mauritius are not listed on any stock exchange. But, the promoter of Standard Life
Mauritius is Standard Life Aberdeen which in turn is a promoter of HDFC Life Insurance
Company.
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1.3. LIFE INSURANCE
Life Insurance is an agreement among you and a life insurance company. We agree to pay for
the policy all the time, and the insurer consents to pay a total of cash to your beneficiaries if
you die. Life Insurance organizations make money by investing the premiums, planning to
make more than they'll have to pay in claims. They likewise benefit from clients who stop
paying for their life insurance, causing the policies to lapse and leaving the insurer with the
cash that has already been paid. You'll assign beneficiaries who will get the life insurance pay-
out, called a death benefit. This goes out toward funeral costs, mortgage payments or anything
else. It's essential to tell your beneficiaries that your life insurance exists. They need not bother
with the policy in hand to make the claim later, yet they do need to know which company holds
the policy.
The common of all reasons to buy a life insurance policy is to protect the financial interests of
the owner of the policy in case of the insured's demise. So, one must buy life insurance and be
a step ahead so that the financial goals set for his/her family can be accomplished even when
he/she is not around. Other reasons are:
• Financial Cushion – It provides financial support to insured’s family which is much-
needed, by compensating for the loss of income.
• Debt-Proof Future – In case of sudden demise of the sole earner of the family, it provides
financial support. With the help of life insurance, any outstanding debt, such as a motor
loan, personal loan, a home loan, etc. can be paid.
• Accomplishment of Retirement Goals – While life plan is a perfect option to accomplish
long term goals, it helps accomplish retirement goals as well. Life insuranceplans offer both
diverse investment opportunities as well as performance-based dividends.
• Tax Benefits – A policyholder also gets tax-benefits regardless the type of life insurance
he/she purchases. As per section 80 C of the Income Tax Act, person is eligible for tax
benefits up to Rs.1.5 lac.
• Savings Tool – In case a person chooses a traditional/unit-linked plan, he/she pays an
enhanced insurance premium. This surplus money is invested in the insured’s preferred
fund, either equity or debt fund and consequently acts as a savings tool.
• Children’s Future Expenses – A life plan takes care of all the future expenses of a
policyholder’s children, like education and wedding expenses.
• Business Security – There are some insurance plans available in the market that offer
support to the insured’s business. It also allows the business partners to buy the share of
his/her deceased business partner.
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Contribution of life insurance in development of economy
• Flow of Insurance Industry in India
• Structure of insurance industry: Snap Shot Industry
• Aggregation of long-term savings
• Provide financial services in rural areas
• Provides Long term funds for infrastructure development of capital Markets/Economic
Growth
• Employment generation
• Growth Potential
1.5. PRODUCTS
Insurance planning helps you to smooth out the uncertainties and adversities that life might
send your way, so that you can secure the future of your loved ones in the best possible way.
HDFC Life offers a complete range of insurance products. Some of the well-known products
are:
• Long Term Solutions:
Includes various policies framed by the company like term plan (pure insurance), traditional
plan (pure investment, return guaranteed) and HDFC Life Sanchay Plus etc.
• Savings with Protection:
insurance plans that provide protection and financial stability to the family in case of any
unforeseen events.
• Child Plans:
plans meant to secure children's future
• Wealth Plan
• Retirement and Pension Solution Plans:
financial security for life post retirement
• ULIP Solution Plans:
Mutual fund + investment, subject to market risk and here returns are not guaranteed.
• Rural Plan:
meant specifically for rural customers
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2. MUTUAL FUND
A mutual fund is a venture vehicle comprised of a pool of money gathered from numerous
investors to invest in securities, such as stocks, bonds or shares. Both gains and rewards earned
over the time of investment and losses are shared equally in proportion of contribution to the
corpus by all the investors. Mutual funds are registered with SEBI.
Mutual fund units, or shares, can regularly be acquired or redeemed as needed at the fund's
current net asset value (NAV) per share, which is sometimes expressed as NAVPS. A fund's
NAV is calculated by dividing the total value of the securities or assets in the investment
portfolio by the total amount ofoutstanding shares.
Net Asset Value (NAV) - Net asset value shows the net value of an entity which is calculated
bynet assets – net liabilities. It is most commonly used in the mutual funds and represents per
share/unit price of the funds registered with the US securities & exchange commission.
Equity Fund
Equity Funds are those funds which are invested in equity stocks of different companies. These
funds mainly aim to generate high returns by investing in the shares of companies of different
market capitalization. They provide higher returns than debt funds or fixed deposits.
These equity funds are further categorized as follows,
• Large Cap Fund – Large Cap equity funds is a type of mutual fund that invests a larger
proportion of their corpus in companies with market capitalization of more than 20000
crore. These companies are well-established players in the market with a good trackrecord
and have strong corporate-governance practices. Ex – Aditya Birla SL FocusedEquity fund.
• Mid Cap Fund – Mid Cap Mutual Fund scheme invest in stock of mid-size companies or
stocks with market capitalization of 10000 crores to 20000 crores. Ex- L&T mid CapFund.
• Small Cap Fund – Small Cap Mutual Fund scheme invest in stocks of small companiesthat
have good potential to grow. They have the market capitalization of less than 10000crore.
Ex- SBI Small Cap Fund.
• Multi Cap fund – Multi Cap funds are diversified equity funds which invest in varying
proportions in stocks of companies across market capitalizations to maximize their gains.
It involves investment in stocks of all large cap, mid cap, and small capcompanies
and they are less risky funds.
• Sectorial Fund – A sectorial fund is a type of mutual fund that aims to completely investin
a few specific sectors of the economy. This can be energy, information technology (IT),
Banking, FMCG, and so on. Many types of businesses follow a cyclical pattern of ups and
downs, while some of the sectors perform well, others fall during the same period. The
main aim of these funds is to benefit from sectors that are performing well based on the
investment objective of the scheme. Aditya Birla Sun Life Banking and Financial Services
Fund is an open-ended Banking & Financial Services Sector Fund is an example of a
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sectorial fund
• Contrarian Fund – Contra funds are equity mutual funds that take a contrarian view on
the market. The portfolios of contra funds have defensive and underperforming stocks that
have given negative returns during bear markets. Ex- SBI India Contra Fund.
• Index Fund – Index Fund are those funds whose movements depends upon themovements
of index. Charges of index fund are less.
• Foreign Funds – Foreign fund invests in firms in countries other than the ones they reside.
It is also called overseas or International mutual funds. Investing in them meanshigh risk
exposure, but at the same time there are chances of higher returns as well.
• Fund of Funds – Fund of Fund is a mutual fund scheme that invests in other mutual fund
schemes. In this, the fund manager holds portfolio of other mutual funds instead of directly
investing in equities or bonds. The fund may choose to invest in scheme of the same or
different fund house.
Debt Fund
Debt funds are mutual funds which invest your money in a fixed interest earning
instruments like treasury bills and certificate of deposits. The main aim to invest in a debt fund
is to make more wealth by means of interest income.
Types of Debt funds,
• Short term Debt Fund – Short term debt fund is a mutual fund scheme with a shorter
holding or maturity period of less than 3 years. Investment is done in debt instruments
like Certificate of deposits, Treasury Bills etc.
• Medium term Debt Fund – Medium term debt fund is a mutual fund scheme with a
holding or maturity period of 3 years to 5 years.
• Long term Debt Fund – Long term debt fund is a mutual fund scheme with a holding or
maturity period of more than 5 years.
Balanced Fund
A balanced or hybrid represents an investment mix by investing in a mix of debt and equity
instruments. It aims to balance the risk-reward ratio and ensures a return. In India, the Best-
Balanced Mutual Funds typically invest 50% to 70% of their portfolio in stocks and the
remainder of their resources in bonds and other debt instruments. So, they are usually equity-
oriented hybrid funds. As a low-risk investment, they serve as a suitable option for first-time
investors. They are for investors who do not want to take on risky options, but still want capital
appreciation.
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2.2 Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)
Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) is a strategy to invest a certain amount of money at regular
intervals weekly, monthly or quarterly. SIP is the smartest way of investing in mutual fund. A
fixed amount of money is auto- debited from your bank account and you are assigned a no. of
units as per the present NAV. Basically it is a planned approach towards investment. When
money is invested on the basis of average NAV so that it can cover both falling& rising price,
so this plan is called SIP.
Mutual fund companies provide various ways for investors to select the type of fund they
want to invest in by considering their risk appetite and hence providing them with
different investment opportunities, which help investors to diversify their portfolio and reduce
the risk.
Following are the steps to choose any mutual fund-
B. Based on the Risk profile, you will get different funds. A fund should be chosen based on
their returns.
C. Charges or Expense Ratios should be checked while selecting the fund to invest in. The lower
the charges, the better the fund is.
D. Apply Ratio (Sharpe/ Tenure)
1. Age
• 20-28 (7 points)
• 29-37 (9 points)
• 38-46 (5 points)
• 47-55 (3 point)
• 55 above (1 point)
2. Income
• up to 5 lakh per annum (1 point)
• 6 to 10 lakh per annum (3 points)
• 11 to 15 lakh per annum (5 points)
• 16 to 20 lakh per annum (7 points)
• above 20 lakhs (9 points)
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6. your primary objective of investment?
• Tax benefit (7points)
• Retirement benefit (5 points)
• Education benefit (3 points)
• Appreciation of capital (9 points)
• Others (1 point)
7. if the expected returns did not match the actual returns, how would you feel?
• Not at all concerned (9 points)
• Less concerned (7 points)
• Somewhat concerned (5 points)
• Concerned (3 points)
• Highly concerned (1 point)
8. If you win a lottery worth 10 Lakhs, what it the most probable thing you will do out of it?
• Invest the whole amount i.e., 100% investment (9 points)
• 70% investment and save 30% of it (7 points)
• Invest and save the equal amount (5 points)
• 30% investment and save 70% of it (3 points)
• Save the whole amount (1 point)
10. How long are you willing to wait for your investment to meet your expected rate of return?
• Less than 1 year (1 point)
• 1-3 years (3 points)
• 3-5 years (5 points)
• 5-10 years (7 points)
• More than 10 years (9 points)
The main aim of circulating this questionnaire is to find the risk profile of any particular investor and
based on which I can suggest them the best investment option which suits their profile.
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• Risk Analysis- Based on the total points from the Risk Tolerance section, the applicable Risk Profile
would be:
Now from the above table we can tabulate the no of respondents into their respective risk profiles.
Below table shows the total no of respondents out of all the 55 responses according to their risk profile
and the type of investment they would want to invest into.
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Suggesting the funds that they can choose from- below given are different types of mutual
funds that are being analyzed by their CAGR, NAV, AUM and EXPENSE RATIO
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BEST INDEX MUTUAL FUNDS
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BEST FOREIGN MUTUAL FUNDS
CONCLUSION
• All the above tables contain the different types of mutual funds and each table shows the best 5
type of that particular mutual fund.
• The investors can invest their desired amount on the fund of their choice, within their risk profile
category, depending on the returns they want to gain and the charges they want to bear.
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3.LIVE TRADING
3.1. ABOUT
Live trading is an act of participating in the financial markets, which seeks to outperform
traditional buy-and-hold investing. Instead of waiting to profit from long-term investments in the
markets, traders seek short-term price movement in LIVE order to earn profit during both rising
and falling markets. These platforms are normally provided by internet-based brokers such as
Zerodha, Share Khan, Angel Broking and Banks also and are accessible to every singleindividual
who wants to make money from the market.
• First way is a basic BUY – SELL situation in which we buy the stock at a lower pricing
predicting that its price will increase in future and sell it at a higher price to make profit.
• In second case we do SHORT SELLING. Short selling is the sale of a security that is not
owned by the seller or that the seller has borrowed from the broker. Short selling is
motivated by the belief that a security's price will decrease in future, enabling it to be
bought back at a lower price to make a profit. In simple words we sell the share at a higher
price predicting that it will decline in the future and buy it at a lower price to make profit.
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TYPES OF LIVE TRADING
Intraday trading: It refers to buying and selling of shares on the same day without holding any
positions overnight. As we trade on the Zerodha platform here it represents MIS as intraday trading.
Micro trading (scalping) is about trading that lasts from seconds to minutes.
BTST (Buy Today Sell Tomorrow): It refers to buying shares on a particular day holding them
for (t+2) days. This is basically for a shorter period of time.
Delivery: Here the trader buys the share and stocks are added to our Demat account and it remains
in our portfolios till the trader decides to sell them. On the Zerodha trading platform, it is being
represented as CNC.
BULL 180
This strategy can be implemented when three or more red candles of 5 minutes each get completed
and the next 5-minute candle is the green one and is larger than the previous red candle then this BULL
180 Strategy can be implemented. Here the trader will be buying the stock once the green candle is
completed either on market price or the price he bids or modifies. Now the same green candle will
help us in calculating the Stop Loss and Target. Double the size of the green candle and add it to the
price at which the share is bought. This will set our target. Now for Stop Loss the size of the green
candle is to be subtracted from the price at which the share was bought.
e.g.,
Applying the concepts and seeing the trend below there was an opportunity to apply Bull 180 that is
a decrease in price (Red) followed with a sudden increase (Green) and a situation when that increase
is much larger in candle size than its preceding red candle.
BEAR 180
This strategy can be implemented when three or more green candles of 5 minutes each get completed
and the next 5-minute candle is the red one and is larger than the previous green candle then this BEAR
180 Strategy can be implemented. Here the trader will be selling the stock once the red candle is
completed either on market price or the price he bids or modifies. Now the same red candle will help
us in calculating the Stop Loss and Target. Double the size of the red candle and subtracting it to the
price at which the share is sold. This will set our target. Now for Stop Loss the size of the red candle
is to be added to the price at which the share was sold.
e.g.
In this case the stock was classified with a Bear 180 trend and based on the early trends and Candle
movement investment was made. Initially this stock was very volatile however in time and over 2
hours it became constant and we were in a profitable position.
Target = 497.3-2*8= 481.3
Stop loss = 503.40
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These are few trades that we did on BULL & BEAT 180 during our office timings.
SQUEEZE MOMENTUM
For this strategy to be implemented we need to wait for half an hour from 9:15 to 9:45 to see which
stocks are the top gainers and top losers. In the case of top gainers, the trader buys the shares after
9:45, and in the case of top losers, the trader sells the shares
e.g.
To identify how squeeze momentum actually works as it is difficult to apply and use in intraday
transactions, the overall pattern of one stock how to be identified along with its range. So, on this
particular
day as the market was doing well hence top gainers was to be seen. As followed, Infosys was one
of the top gainers on that day and hence overall pattern had to be studied over a period of time
namely over 2 hours.
Following was the sequence of activities
This sheet shows few trades done by applying squeeze momentum strategy.
SUPER TREND
It refers to an indicator that can be used by those who are not ready to take too much risk. This indicator
helps the trader to buy the share by indicating green arrows on the candle and indicates the trader to
sell the share by indicating red arrows on the candle. For this, the trader needs to patiently watch the
charts of the shares carefully so that they can buy or sell as per the indicator. Here the Stop Loss and
Target for that particular share depend on the trader itself on how should they set the limit for that
particular share.
e.g.
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GOLDEN CROSSOVER STRATEGY
This strategy is used by adding two moving average indicator lines of 50 and 21 on the shares. When
the Moving Average 21 line cuts the Moving Average 50 line from downwards at the same time, we
buy that particular stock. This is called Golden Crossover Strategy. The Target and Stop Loss for any
particular stock where Golden Crossover Strategy is formed depends on the trader upon how much
they want to set
e.g.
This strategy is used by adding two moving average indicator lines of 50 and 21 on the shares. When
the Moving Average 21 line cuts the Moving Average 50 line from upwards at the same time, we short
sell that particular stock. This is called Death Crossover Strategy. The Target and Stop Loss for any
particular stock where Death Crossover Strategy is formed depends on the trader on how much they
want to set.
e.g.
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These are the trades done by using death cross strategy.
ORB 45
Opening Range Breakout trading strategy has become very famous among the trader community. It
helps to make quick money that’s why traders love this technical analysis setup. This Trading Strategy
is applicable only for Intraday trading.
ORB Trading Strategy lets you quickly print money irrespective of the bull or bear attack with 90%
accuracy. ORB is nothing but the opening range breakout trading strategy. You may find it when a
range has been broken after a certain period of time from the market opening time.
e.g.
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4.PROJECT
4.1. INTRODUCTION
The project report is based on fund management of different stocks by performing fundamental
analysis of a particular sector. I have chosen Hospitality Sector to go forward with my analysis.
I have started the research by studying the sector initially which helped me understand how is
the sector performing as compared to the other sectors and among the overall market.
The hospitality industry in India been scoring a moderate growth number from the past few
years and has great potential to score an even greater number in the future. India has been
registering a growing number of foreign tourists year on year. The nation’s cultural bases,
diversity in traditions and food choices are making it a heritage rich nation along with several
other factors. The government has been making efforts to boost investments in the Indian
tourism sector. India received Foreign Direct Investment of INR 4,30,000 Cr in 2016-2017.
The 100% FDI in the hotel and tourism sector is paving its way to more investments in the
country through the automatic route.
Hospitality Industry in India covers the major international players and the leading domestic
players in the hotel and hospitality industry in India. The hospitality sector in India is dynamic
and emerging. It holds greater potential to grow for both the national and international players
who are interested to enter the Nation’s hospitality industry and as far as my project is
concerned, I have got to analyze the mid-cap hospitality sector of the country.
The list of hotels which comes under my study are as follow: -
1. The Indian hotel
2. Westlife development
3. EIH Ltd.
4. Indian tourism D
5. Chalet hotel
6. Lemon tree hotel
7. Mahindra holiday
Thereafter, I collected both primary and secondary data, periodically in order to maintain a
regular update on the result to be obtained with series of calculations. Daily analysis is done
by observing the changes in the data and accordingly decision will be made about the
respective stocks that would give me the desired result after certain period of time
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4.2 OBJECTIVE
4.3. METHODOLOGY
Data used for the fundamental analysis are both Primary Data and Secondary Data. Primary
data includes the daily closing price of the selected stocks in the hospitality sector.
Technical analysis involves analyzing the charts of the stocks and framing various patterns
that would suggest us with various indication regarding the future happenings of a particular
stock.
Here the primary data would be the candle stick charts of the stocks that can be analyzed
and the secondary data involves the past findings.
4.4 INDEX
Stock market indices measure the value of a segment of a country’s stock market These
indices help investors and analysts describe the market and compare investments.
Some of the recognizable Indices of India are: -
• Benchmark Indices: NSE Nifty and BSE Sensex
• Broad-based Indices: Nifty 50, S&P BSE 100
• Indices based on Market Capitalization: Nifty Midcap 100, S&P BSE Large Cap
• Sectorial Indices: Nifty IT, Nifty Pharma, Nifty Auto, BSE Oil & Gas
Some of the recognizable Global Indices are: -
• US Market: NASDAQ, Dow Jones
• European Markets: FTSE (United Kingdom), CAC (France), DAX (Germany)
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• Asian Markets: SGX Nifty (Singapore), NIKKEI 225 (Japan), Hang Seng (Hong
Kong).
Value also changes accordingly. The value of the stock market index is calculated using
values of the underlying stocks, by the method of weighted average of selected stocks.
The
stock could be selected on the basis of the type of industry, market capitalization or the
size of the company.
Any change taking place in the prices of underlying stock impact the overall value of
the index. If the prices of most of the underlying stocks rise,then the index will rise and
vice-versa. In this way, a stock index reflects overall marketsentiment and direction of
price movements of products in the financial, commodities or any other markets.
(Note: Number of shares of a company do not change, unless new are issued)
• Calculate the weightage of each stock. This shows how much percentage each stock
holds in the manufacturing sector (large cap),
Weightage = market cap (respective stock) / total market cap
• Next the day, again note the closing price of that particular day.
• Now, calculate the percentage change in price of each stock, which is done by,
Change in Price (%) = (initial price – last price / initial price) * 100
• Thereafter, calculate the actual change in price for each share. This gives us the change
in weightage.
Actual Change in Price = Weightage × Change in Price
• Finally, calculate how much the benchmark index is affected due to change in
weightage of each of stock by,
Value of index due to change in weightage = 1000 × Actual Change in Price
• Summation of each of the value change due to change in weightage with 1000
(benchmark index) gives the new index for the second day.
• calculation to be continued for each trading day thereafter, and observe the change
in the index of HOSPITALITY Mid Cap companies (stocks) of Hospitality Sector Y sector
(mid - cap) with respect to the market.
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COMPANY NAME NO. OF SHARES
The Indian hotel 118.9259
Table:
MID CAP COMPANIES (STOCKS) OF HOSPITALITY SECTOR
DAY 1 – (26/03/21)
COMPANY NAME LAST % MKT WEIGHTAGE NO. OF
PRICE CHANGE CAP(CR) SHARES
1.Indian hotel 108.3 5.15 12879.67 0.2032 118.92
2.Westlife 458.5 1.89 7142.51 0.1127 15.57
development
3.EIH Ltd. 95.7 -0.10 5984.74 0.0944 62.53
4.India tourism D 356.7 -1.58 3127.64 0.0493 8.76
5.Chalet hotel 152.55 0.55 3059.39 0.0483 20.05
6.Lemon tree 36.8 0.82 2915.47 0.0460 79.22
7.Mahindra holiday 211.8 1.15 28282.67 0.4462 133.53
TOTAL 63392.09
INDEX SHEET- 1
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DAY 2 – (30/03/21)
COMPANY LAST NET % CHANGE MKT WEIGHTAGE NO. OF
NAME PRICE CHANGE CHANGE ON CAP(CR) SHARES
INDEX
1.Indian 106.25 -0.0193 -0.0039 -3.92 12635.87 0.2021 118.92
hotel
2.Westlife 448.4 -0.0225 -0.0025 -2.53 6985.17 0.1117 15.57
development
3.EIH Ltd. 91.95 -0.0408 -0.0039 -3.85 5750.22 0.0920 62.53
4.India 399.6 0.1074 0.0053 5.29 3503.79 0.0561 8.76
tourism D
5.Chalet 149.45 -0.0207 -0.0010 -1.001 2997.22 0.0479 20.05
hotel
6.Lemon tree 35.8 -0.0279 -0.0013 -1.28 2836.25 0.0454 79.22
7.Mahindra 208.2 -0.0173 -0.0077 -7.71 27801.94 0.4448 133.53
holiday
TOTAL -15.01 62510.48
• In the above two sheets, we can see that they are describing how the index for a particular
sector can be maintained and how can we keep a record of the changes in the index each
day.
• We must note that the no. of shares of a stock don’t change unless new ones are added, so
in the above images we can see that the no of shares everyday are same, but almost
everything other than the no. of shares gets effected due to fluctuations in the price of the
stocks such as market capitalization, net change, percentage change and the change on
index for different days.
• We assumed the base index as 1000 on 1st day (26/03/21) and after getting the last price
on the next day and then doing further calculations, we got to know about the change in
the index value and the new value for the index on the next day (30/03/21) was 984.9884.
Similarly following the same procedure, we found the index value for the next day
(31/03/21) to be 994.3447.
• Here the reason for the changing values of the index is the daily fluctuating prices of the
stocks of the sector. By maintaining the index on daily basis, we can get an idea about
how the particular sector is performing and take our decisions accordingly.
Page | 24
4.5 FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS
Fundamental analysis is the examination of the underlying factors that influence the prosperity of the
economy, business groups, and organizations. Similarly, as with most analysis, the objective is to
derive a forecast and benefit from future price movements. At the organization level, Fundamental
analysis may include examination of financial information, the board, business idea and competition.
At the business level, there may be an examination of supply and demand forces for the products
advertised. For the national economy, Fundamental analysis may concentrate on monetary information
to survey the present and future development of the economy. To forecast future stock prices,
Fundamental analysis consolidates financial, industry, and company's analysis to infer a stock's
present fair value and figure out future value. If fair value isn't equivalent to the present stock value,
Fundamental analysts believe that the stock is either overvalued or undervalued and the
market price will ultimately gravitate towards fair value.
Fundamentalists don't need the counsel of the random walkers and trust that markets are weak form
efficient. By trusting that prices don't accurately reflect all accessible data, fundamental analysts look
to capitalize on perceived price discrepancies.
Page | 25
Selecting the growth pick stocks: -
• We will take all the Overvalued stocks and calculate their PEG ratio value.
[PEG = (P/E) Ratio / EPS growth]
• The EPS growth is percentage growth in EPS of the company compared to last financial year.
• The value that we will put in the EPS growth should be the percentage value. For e.g. If the EPS
has increased by 20% then we will right the value 20, not 0.2.
• If the EPS has decreased then the stock is removed. And we will take the stocks whose PEG value
is 1 or below that. Maximum that can be considered is a value around 1.25.
• We will be having the list of growth pick stocks after this analysis.
4.5.2 RANKING:
• Now once we have value pick and growth pick stocks list, we’ll see how much investment should
be done in which stock and for that we need to rank them. The first ranked will get the maximum
allocation of the fund and the last ranked will have minimum.
• The ranking is done by comparing the important financial ratios of the sector according to their
weightage of importance in the industry. Ranking is given to both the selected “Value pick” stocks
and the “Growth pick” stocks together. The stock ranked no. 1 will get the highest investment.
• As a mutual fund manager, we will allocate the fund according to the ranking of the stocks.
• After the allocation of the funds the daily NAV (net asset value) is calculated from the portfolio
according to the change in the price of the stocks.
NAV= AUM / NUMBER OF UNITS
(AUM = Asset under management)
• The aim is to beat our own sectorial index when it comes to comparison with our daily NAV values.
• Initially I was given a total fund of 10 cr for my sector and we assume the number of units as 1 cr
and therefore the initial NAV will be
Therefore, NAV = 10
• From the next day I have to find the new NAV value based on the changes on my sectorial index
and check whether my allocation is beating my index or not which is dependent on the fluctuations
of the stock prices of the finally selected companies.
• We have to maintain the index as well as the NAV values on daily basis so as to keep a track of
the changes so that it becomes easy for us to evaluate the portfolio performance at any given point
of time.
Page | 26
4.5.3 FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS OF HOSPITALITY SECTOR (mid-cap)
I have done a fundamental analysis of my sectors, which includes determining the overvalued and
undervalued stocks based on their P/E with respect to the overall P/E of the industry.
The table below shows the mid cap companies of my sector i.e., Hospitality and their respective P/E
ratios along with the average sectoral P/E ratio.
Based on the P/E ratio we categorize the companies into UNDERVALUED & OVERVALUED.
The company having P/E ratio below the average sectoral P/E ratio is kept in UNDERVALUED &
the company having P/e ratio above the sectoral P/E ratio is kept in OVERVALUED.
Now as we have categorized the companies into undervalued and overvalued, now for the undervalued
companies we will find the change in revenue and profits and compare them in order to determine the
value picks.
Page | 27
UNDERVALUED COMPANIES
company revenue revenue profit profit revenue profit decision
(2020) (2019) (2020) (2019) change change
Chalet 1003.77 1030.78 81.61 -10.21 Decreases Increases Value
hotel pick
EIH 1434.31 1627.25 124.47 113.34 Decreases Increases Value
pick
Indian 2877.88 2870.91 401.41 263.7 Increases Increases Value
hotel pick
MHRIL 1037.12 963.44 -108.21 63.86 Increases Decreases Value
pick
Criteria for value pick: - a company showing increase in its profits or revenue or both is a value pick
and a company showing decreasing trend in both profits and revenue is not a value pick.
OVERVALUED COMPANIES
Company EPS EPS EPS P/E ratio PEG ratio decision
(2020) (2019) change
ITDC 3.56 − − Reject
Criteria for growth pick: - companies having PEG ratio between 0 to 1 are growth and on the other
side, the companies having PEG ratio outside this range are not selected.
here the PEG ratio for both the companies is out of the specified range, therefore they are not selected.
Therefore, the final companies selected for further analysis are shown in the table below: -
FINAL COMPANIES
Chalet hotel
EIH
Indian hotel
MHRIL
Table: final companies
Page | 28
RANKING
For a proper asset allocation, we need to rank the companies and then allocate the funds
accordingly. So, I have taken into consideration 5 best ratios of the hospitality sector in order
to rank the final companies.
Therefore, the ratios taken into consideration here are as follow: -
1. Current ratio
2. Quick ratio
3. Return on equity (ROE)
4. Debt to Equity ratio
5. Inventory turnover ratio (ITR)
Page | 29
4.5.4ASSET ALLOCATION
NAV COMPARISON
• NAV for everyday after the fund allocation is calculated and it is to be maintained on daily
basis.
• The difference in NAV for each day compared to the previous day is calculated.
• After checking the change in NAV for, we will see whether the NAV has crossed the
benchmark i.e., sectoral index and if the NAV has crossed the benchmark, then this implies
that the portfolio is outperforming and if not, then we need to wait for the NAV to beat or
else we can do some changes in our portfolio.
• On any day, an investor can look at the percentage change in index and percentage change
in NAV to come to the conclusion if he wants to invest in that particular portfolio of stock.
Page | 30
19/05/2021
FUND ALLOCATION BASED ON RANK (INITIAL FUND = 10 cr)
Companies price No of AUM
shares
Chalet hotel 156.6 223499.361 35000000
EIH 98.85 303490.136 30000000
Indian hotel 129 155038.759 20000000
MHRIL 217.5 68965.517 15000000
TOTAL 100000000
Table:
20/05/21
companies price No of AUM
shares
Chalet hotel 155 223499.361 34642401.02
EIH 97.2 303490.136 29499241.27
Indian hotel 128.45 155038.759 19914728.68
MHRIL 217.45 68965.517 14996551.72
TOTAL 99052922.7
Table:
Index value on 20/05/21 = 1037.2828
No of units = 10000000
New AUM = 99052922.7
Therefore, NAV = 99052922.7 / 10000000
= 9.91
Page | 31
21/05/21
companies price No of AUM
shares
Chalet hotel 157.35 223499.361 35167625
EIH 100 303490.136 30349014
Indian hotel 130.1 155038.759 20170543
MHRIL 217.1 68965.517 14972414
TOTAL 100659595
Page | 32
• In the above table, we can see that on 20/05/21 both the index value as well as the NAV
are decreasing, but the change in NAV is more as compared to the change in index value
and that too in negative trend. Therefore, on this date, we can say that our portfolio is not
outperforming.
• Similarly, on 21/05/21 we can clearly see that both the index value as well as the NAV are
increasing, but here the change in NAV is more as compared to the index value in the
positive direction. Therefore, on this date our portfolio is outperforming.
This is how we can keep a track of our change in NAV and index value so that it becomes
easy for us to evaluate the performance of our portfolio.
Page | 33
5.4.6. FUND SHEET
Asset held as on 19TH MAY 2021: Rs 10 Cr. FUND MANAGER: ARIF HUSSAIN
Equity 100%
Chalet hotel 35%
EIH 30% Equity
100%
The Indian hotel 20%
MHRIL 15%
Equity
10 Cr.
Page | 34
4.6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
Technical Analysis utilizes a wide range of charts that show price over time. Technical
Analysis is appropriate to stocks, lists, commodities, futures or any tradable instrument where
the price is affected by the market forces i.e., demand and supply of product. Price here means
any mix of the open, high, low, or close for a given security over a particular time period.
The time allotment can be founded on intraday (1-minute, 5-minutes, 10-minutes, 15-
minutes, 30- minutes or hourly), every day, week by week or month to month value
information and last a couple of hours or numerous years. Also, some technical analysts
incorporate volume or open interest figures with their analysis of price movement.
.
Page | 36
3) Bump and Run reversal
The bump and run patterns (or BARR) represent setbacks to existing trends, both in the short
and long term. Barr mode is easy to detect by drawing a one-way line that touches the low
point of movement, while BARR inverted position touches the moving height.
Page | 37
5) Double Top
Double Top" is the name of a special chart pattern that is shaped like "M". This is a chart
pattern that warns investors that prices have reached the top and will fall in the future. This
pattern is created when the price creates a peak (left top) which is followed by a bearish
pullback (right top). The hole between the two tops is called the central hole or groove.
6) Double Bottom
Double bottom pattern is a technical analysis chart pattern that describes the change in
direction and the reflection of momentum from the previous leading price movement.
It describes a decline in the stock or index, a recovery, another decline to the same level
or the like as the original decline, and finally another recovery. The double bottom is like
the letter "W."
Page | 38
4.7 FINDINGS & CONCLUSION
Since the main project is about fundamental & technical analysis of the “Hospitality sector
mid – cap”, so the findings and conclusion will be based on those analysis: -
The findings in the project undertaken by me will be about the end result of fundamental
analysis done on my chosen sector.
There main findings are as follow: -
FINAL COMPANIES
Chalet hotel
EIH
Indian hotel
MHRIL
• None of the above final companies are from OVERVALUED, because the PEG ratio
for the overvalued companies did not fall in the range of 0 to 1 that is why I have to
reject.
• Findings about fund allocation are that, I have started maintaining my NAV
calculation from 19/05/21 and I’m maintaining the changes on the NAV value as well
as the fund allocation on daily basis. Till now there has been a good performance i.e.,
my portfolio is able to beat the benchmark i.e., sectoral index.
Page | 39
DATE INDEX % NAV %
VALUE CHANGE CHANGE
IN INDEX IN NAV
19-05- 1042.3459 0 10 0
21
20-05- 1037.2828 -0.49% 9.91 -0.91%
21
21-05- 1046.2998 0.86% 10.065 1.54%
21
24-05- 1055.8217 0.90% 10.365 2.89%
21
25-05- 1101.8034 4.17% 10.764 3.71%
21
The table shows the %age change in index value and NAV value. This
Process is still on as I have to keep maintaining the changes.
• From the table we can see that the NAV is beating the benchmark twice i.e., on 21-
05-21 as well as on 24-05-21.
CONCLUSION
• From the above finds I can conclude that as we have found out the best companies
from the mid-cap hospitality sector, therefore I can recommend the investors to invest
on the top performing companies of my sector.
• Moreover, we cannot judge a company by its share price, there are lot of things to be
done before we comment on the performance of any company.
• A company having high share price is necessary to be performing well or a company
having low share price is not necessary to have performing bad.
Page | 40
5. BACK TESTING OF OSCILLATORS
Oscillators are just like other trading strategies which are used by traders in order to predict
the future happenings in the market of any particular stock.
Oscillators are chart indicators that can assist a trader in determining overbought or oversold
conditions in ranging (non-trending) markets. Most traders use multiple oscillators to confirm
range extremes and for determining the important entry and exit points.
Oscillator generally shows future movements before price action starts to show any sign of a
reversal. For this reason, these indicators can be incredibly useful in establishing potential
changes in direction.
The main motives of this topic are to show the back-test of some oscillators just to show the
usefulness of back-test.
We all know that any strategy or an oscillator can be 100% accurate or reliable, so the
question arises is how do we get to know about the efficiency of the oscillators?
The answer to this is quite simple, we all have heard that in order to predict the performance
of anything, we usually go to their past and see how it has performed. Same is the case with
oscillators, we do back-test just to see the past performance of any oscillator.
We worked with few trading oscillators while intraday trading, they are as follow: -
1) VWAP
This oscillator gives the average price a security has traded at throughout the day, based
on both volume and price.
Back testing data of both buy and sell for a stock over a time period of 1 year is as follow:
Page | 41
2) SUPER TREND
A Super trend is a trend following indicator which is similar to moving averages. It is
plotted on price, and its placement can show the current direction. This indicator is simple
to use and is constructed with the help of two parameters, which are period and multiplier
3) AROON
The Aroon is a trending indicator that’s long been used for momentum
trading strategies. It’s especially good at locating places where a market is trending and
when trends are weakening, strengthening or possibly turning.
Page | 42
4) STOCHASTIC RSI
This is essentially an indicator of an indicator. It is used in technical analysis to provide
a stochastic calculation to the RSI indicator.
5) RSI
The RSI provides technical traders signals about bullish and bearish price momentum,
and it is often plotted beneath the graph of an asset's price.
Page | 43
6) MACD
It is defined as a trend-following momentum indicator that shows the relationship
between two moving averages of a security's price.
7) CPR
Central Pivot Range is a versatile technical indicator usually comprising of 3 levels – a
central pivot point (pivot), top central level (TC), and bottom central level (BC).
8) FIBONNACI
Fibonacci retracement levels are horizontal lines that indicate where support and
resistance are likely to occur. They are based on Fibonacci numbers. Each level is
associated with a percentage. The percentage is how much of a prior move the price has
retraced.
Page | 44
9) BOLLENGER BAND
The purpose of Bollinger Bands is to provide a relative definition of high and low
prices of a market. By definition, prices are high at the upper band and low at the lower
band.
Page | 45
• These were the data which we extracted with the help of back testing.
• All the above tables show the profit & loss, total signals, total wins, total losses
about each type of oscillator.
Below is the table which actually shows the ranking of the oscillators based on their
profit probability: -
• This table shows the ranking of all the oscillators according to their win probability.
• This ranking shows how well these oscillators were during the last one year.
• This back test was done on only one stock of our chosen sector, just tom show how
back testing actually works and how useful it could be for trading.
• We can use this concept for any type of oscillator to check its performance and
accordingly perform trading.
Page | 46
6.DERIVATIVES
Derivatives are financial contracts that derive their value from the underlying assets. These
could be stocks, indices, commodities, currencies, exchange rates or interest rates. These
financial instruments help you make profits by betting on the future value of core assets.
Therefore, its value is derived from the value of the underlying asset. That's why they're called
"derivatives."
USES OF DERIVATIVES
Derivatives can be used to hedge a position, speculate on the directional movement of an
underlying asset, or give leverage to holdings.
Originally, derivatives were used to ensure balanced exchange rates for goods traded
internationally. Today, derivatives are based upon a wide variety of transactions and have
many more uses. There are even derivatives based on weather data, such as the amount of
rain or the number of sunny days in a region.
Derivatives mainly are used in the following: -
• Earn money on shares that are lying idle
• Protect your securities against fluctuations in prices
• Transfer of risk
• Benefit from arbitrage
Page | 47
6.1. TYPES OF DERIVATIVES
There are many different types of derivatives that can be used for risk management or for
speculation. Here are several of the most common.
Page | 48
Options, which gives buyer a right to purchase the underlying asset, is called call option and
the option which gives buyer a privilege to sell the underlying asset, is called put option
OPTION STRATEGIES
1) LONG STRANGLE
A long strangle gives you the right to sell the stock at strike price A and the right to buy
the stock at strike price B. The goal is to profit if the stock makes a move in either
direction. However, buying both a call and a put increases the cost of your position,
especially for a volatile stock. So, you’ll need a significant price swing just to break even.
Page | 49
2) SHORT STRANGLE
A short strangle gives you the obligation to buy the stock at strike price A and the
obligation to sell the stock at strike price B if the options are assigned. You are predicting
the stock price will remain somewhere between strike A and strike B, and the options you
sell will expire worthless. By selling two options, you significantly increase the income
you would have achieved from selling a put or a call alone. But that comes at a cost. You
have unlimited risk on the upside and substantial downside risk. To avoid being exposed
to such risk, you may wish to consider using an iron condor instead.
B) STRADDLE: - A straddle is an options strategy that involves buying both a put and a call
option for the underlying security with the same strike price and the same expiration date. A
trader will profit from a straddle when the price of the security rises or falls from the strike
price by an amount more than the total cost of the premium paid.
1) LONG STRADDLE
A long straddle is an options strategy where the trader purchases both a long call and a
long put on the same underlying asset with the same expiration date and strike price. The
strike price is at-the-money or as close to it as possible. Since calls benefit from an upward
move, and puts benefit from a downward move in the underlying security, both of these
components cancel out small moves in either direction, Therefore the goal of a straddle
is to profit from a very strong move, usually triggered by a newsworthy event, in either
direction by the underlying asset.
Page | 50
2) SHORT STRADDLE
A short straddle is an options strategy comprised of selling both a call option and a put
option with the same strike price and expiration date. It is used when the trader believes
the underlying asset will not move significantly higher or lower over the lives of the
options contracts. The maximum profit is the amount of premium collected by writing the
options. The potential loss can be unlimited, so it is typically a strategy for more advanced
traders.
C) COVERED CALL
This strategy is one of the best and most successful strategy that is followed by large companies, also
called Rental Strategies where a person/company is Selling the option in the market or in other
words giving it out on rent to in simple terms
In this case we are the sellers that being the call writers – Characterized with Unlimited loses and
Profit only limited to the premium amount/ token amount that the companies are actually receiving
In case when Call option is put up for Sale i.e., that it is being sold
As a company the prices should always be Less than what the Call option is given and max at the
money situation
In short, the prices must Be extremely less, less, around the range, and high only to extent of the
market owned that being the portfolio but less than the option listed.
Page | 51
D) IRON CONDOR
An iron condor is an options strategy consisting of two puts (one long and one short) and two calls
(one long and one short), and four strike prices, all with the same expiration date. The iron condor
earns the maximum profit when the underlying asset closes between the middle strike prices at
expiration. In other words, the goal is to profit from low volatility in the underlying asset. In short it
consists of 4 Transactions.
The iron condor strategy has limited upside and downside risk because the high and low strike options,
the wings, protect against significant moves in either direction. Because of this limited risk, its profit
potential is also limited.
Buy one out of the money (OTM) put with a strike price below the current price of the underlying
asset. This OTM put option will protect against a significant downside move to the underlying asset.
Sell one OTM or at the money (ATM) put with a strike price closer to the current price of the
underlying asset.
Sell one OTM or ATM call with a strike price above the current price of the underlying asset.
Buy one OTM call with a strike price further above the current price of the underlying asset.
This OTM call option will protect against a substantial upside move.
E) IRON FLY
This option is the combination of three strike prices with four option contracts. It is a limited risk
strategy implemented to earn a limited amount of profit. This is suitable when the future prediction
about the market looks neutral to the trader as well as there is low volatility in the market.
Here we will,
Page | 52
F) VERTICAL SPREAD
A vertical spread is an options strategy that involves buying and selling a call or put and
simultaneously selling (buying) another call (put) at different strike price, but with the same
expiration. The term vertical comes from the position of the strike prices. Bull vertical spreads
increase in value when the underlying asset rises, while bear vertical spreads profit from decline in
prices. Vertical spread limits both risk and potential for return.
Traders will use a vertical spread when they expect a moderate move in the price of the underlying
asset. Vertical spread are mainly directional plays and can be tailored to reflect the trader’s view,
bearish or bullish, on the underlying asset.
G) CALENDER SPREAD
The calendar spread options strategy is a market neutral strategy for seasoned options traders that
expect different levels of volatility in the underlying stock at varying points in time, with limited risk
in either direction.
It is the process of taking advantage of the due dates or the expiry dates and this type of strategy is
also known as a time or horizontal spread due to the differing maturity dates.
Page | 53
H) NAKED CALL
A naked call position is usually taken when the investor expects the stock price to be trading below
the option strike price at expiration. It is important to note that the maximum possible gain is the
amount of premium collected when the option is sold. Maximum gain is achieved when the option is
held through expiration and the option expires worthless.
I) NAKED PUT
A naked put is used when the investor expects the stock to be trading above the strike price at
expiration. As in the naked call position, the potential for profit is limited to the amount of premium
received.
Page | 54
J) CALL RATIO BACK SPREAD
A call ratio backspread is an option spreading strategy that bullish investors use if they
believe the underlying security or stock will rise by a significant amount while limiting losses.
The strategy combines purchasing a greater number of call options in order to sell a lesser
number of calls at a different strike but same expiration date.
Page | 55
7.LIVE PROJECT
INTRODUCTION
This was an additional project given to us by our company mentor and this project mainly
involved designing a product for HDFC Life. Basically, we had to design a product for the
company so that it can be recommended to the company’s higher authorities for future launch
if possible.
This project was one of my favorite part of internship program because while we were
working on it, we actually felt like we are employees.
PRODUCT DESIGN
A product with three different variants was prepared as a part of live project.
We designed a policy keeping in mind the requirements of the consumer as well as that of the
company. While designing we compared so many policies and made sure we studied other
companies’ insurance policies too and got an idea on how the product should be designed.
our main goal was to make sure that the customer has guaranteed benefit and relatively less
risk in buying the product.
So, we finally came up with a new product for a 30 years old client with 3 variants: -
• Product with 7 years pay term
• Product with 12 years pay term
• Product with 20 years pay term
Page | 56
PRODUCT FEATURES
• Interval returns: - this product offers various types of interval incomes. Different
variants contain different interval returns, which makes this as a versatile product.
• Pay term: - as already discussed, this is a product having three different variants of 7
years pay term, 12 years pay term and 20 years pay term. This makes easy for
customers to choose.
• Flexibility: - sum assured on maturity that is returned at the end of the policy term.
• Policy term: - all the three variants have different policy term i.e., 12 years, 20 years
and 30 years respectively.
PRODUCT OFFERINGS
• Assured returns: -the returns that the customer gets are completely guaranteed and
are protected from all kind of market risks.
• Lump-sum return at the end: - apart from regular incomes during the policy term,
the customer also gets some lump-sum amount at the end.
• Different options: - customer gets different variants to choose from i.e., he/she can
select the product according to their need (short term, long term or medium term).
• Death benefit: - starting from the first year of the policy initiation, the customer gets
death benefit which is 10 times the premium paid by him/her.
• Tax benefit: - any contribution you make to this product gets you a tax benefit. It
gives you a guaranteed tax-free return. The maturity amount is also tax free.
Page | 57
The product and the three different variants along with the elements of those variants are
shown below: -
Page | 58
VARIANT: - 2 (12 YEARS PAY TERM)
Premium - ₹1,00,000.00
Total premium - ₹12,00,000.00
Pay term – 12 years
Policy term – 20 years
Maturity amount - ₹18,06,739.02
Sum assured – 10,00,000.00
Page | 59
VARIANT: - 3 (20 YEARS PAY TERM)
Premium - ₹1,00,000.00
Total premium - ₹20,00,000.00
Pay term – 20 years
Policy term – 30 years
Maturity amount - ₹46,30,770.48
Sum assured – 10,00,000.00
Page | 60
8.REFERENCES
• https://www.moneycontrol.com/stocks/marketinfo/marketcap/bse/hotel-resort-
restaurants.html
• https://cleartax.in/s/mutual-fund-types/
• https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/hospitality-industry-in-
india
• https://zerodha.com/products/kite
• https://www.hdfclife.com/about-us/hdfc-life-introduction
• https://www.kotaksecurities.com/ksweb/Research/Investment-Knowledge-
Bank/what-is-derivative-
trading#:~:text=How%20to%20trade%20in%20derivatives%20market%3A%2
01%20First,well%20as%20the%20price%20...%20More%20items...%20
• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/derivative.asp#:~:text=Derivatives%20ca
n%20be%20used%20to%20hedge%20a%20position%2C,ensure%20balanced
%20exchange%20rates%20for%20goods%20traded%20internationally.
• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/backtesting.asp#:~:text=Backtesting%20i
s%20the%20general%20method%20for%20seeing%20how,have%20the%20co
nfidence%20to%20employ%20it%20going%20forward.
• https://trendspider.com/blog/trading-momentum-oscillators-what-they-are-and-
how-to-utilize-them/
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