SEMESTER II SESSION 2020/2021

FINAL PROJECT (INTRODUCTION)

COURSE NAME : ENGLISH FOR TECHNICAL

PURPOSES
COURSE CODE : UHB 30102
SECTION : 44
GROUP NO. : 6
TOPIC : USE OF WASTE MATERIAL TO REMAIN THE
SUSTAINABILITY OF
ENVIRONMENT
LECTURER’S NAME : MS. MEIZAREENA BINTI MIZAD

GROUP MEMBERS :
NAME MATRIC
NO.
MOHAMAD AIMAN BIN ADNAN DF180156
MOHAMAD SHAHRIL SHAFIQ BIN ISNIN DF180055
IBRAHIM ADHAM BIN BADRULHISSHAM DF180212
MOHAMAD FIRDAUS BIN ZULKIFLI DF180049
SALMAN BIN CHE HUSSEIN DF180143
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND STUDY

In the rise of globalization, waste material has risen up to become a major concern
towards the environment. According to the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), there was a total of 292.4 million tons of municipal waste that was
produced in the USA during 2018 alone. Based on this amount, an average of 4.9
pounds of solid waste is produced by a single person in the USA. If the amount of
waste production were combined from all over the world, the total amount might even
reach billions in numbers. Therefore, the continuous search for sustainable
development was done by many experts to overcome the main issues of massive
waste production in the world.
A proper waste management solution must be found in order for the world to
achieve sustainability and preserve the environment for the future generation.
Sustainability in environmental term is derived as an ability to maintain the
ecological balance for a certain period of time. In waste management issues,
sustainability can be achieved by implementing the 3R Concept which is recycling,
reuse and recover into practical by the society (L. Makarichi et al., 2018). To
encourage the implementation of the 3R Concept into the society, some countries
have taken an initiative by enforcing laws to ban the use of landfill in the future. By
doing so, the society does not have any choice other than practicing the 3R Concept
to manage their own waste.
In the United States, from 292.4 million tons of waste produced, 69 million
tons of that waste were recycled and reused for other purposes. This initiative was
taken to reduce the amount of waste that is being dumped into the landfill. The
construction of landfill is not a sustainable way to manage waste material. The
opening of landfill might manage to collect all waste material at one place but brings
a lot of threat towards the environment such as leachate that was produced by toxic
and chemical release from waste material. Leachate is absorbed into the ground and
very harmful as it could pollute the groundwater, soil properties and even affecting
human health (Brennan et al., 2016).
Due to such arising problems from landfill opening, some countries have
begun to ban it and encourage its society to recycle and reuse their waste for better
waste management. The practicing of recycle and reuse of waste material will help to

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minimizing the waste production hence will bring a lot of benefits towards the
environment and economical since the operational cost for waste disposal
management has been reduced. Therefore, recycling and reusing waste material
would be the best solution to achieve environmental sustainability.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENTS (good to say if you want to include the Problem
statements just follow the numbering or else you may delete. Background and
Purpose MUST be in the Introduction section)

In a developing country such as Malaysia, the rate of waste production is increasing

since the population increased. Usually the waste is handled inappropriately, and the
authorities give less attention to this problem. The waste disposal is considered as one
of the major factors that leads to environmental crises such as pollution. This problem
will be affected by humans, animals and all living things. There are many types of
waste such as municipal waste, construction waste, agriculture waste and others. The
waste management is important to maintain the sustainability of the environment for
the future generation (Seadon, 2010).
Malaysia nowadays is encountering an uncontrolled increase of the waste
material since the economic progress, population and industrialization of Malaysia is
rapidly growing. Rapid urbanization causes waste disposal problems that are affected
by the increasing density of the population and demand in the urban environments.
The total amount of solid waste that is generated in Malaysia is approximately
30,000 tons/day. When the amount of waste is increasing every year, the operation
cost to manage the waste material will increase too (Ogboo Chikere Aja, 2014).

1.3 OBJECTIVE

This study consist of several objectives, which are;

 1. To decrease the number of waste materials dumped at the landfill.
2. To reduce the cost by reusing the waste materials.
3. To create a sustainable environment for future generations.

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1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY (good to say if you want to include the
Problem statements just follow the numbering or else you may delete.
Background and Purpose MUST be in the Introduction section)

Waste has emerged as a major environmental issue in the country with high
population density as a result of population growth and unplanned urbanization. The
challenges associated with the growing amount of garbage shows the need of waste
management aimed at producing and consuming with as little waste as possible, if
not none at all. Some initiatives, such as limiting the use of finite resources and
controlling waste disposal, have led to a push to recycle waste materials at the end of
their service life for environmental reasons.
The natural resources can be observed when everybody realizes the
importance of reusing material and applying it in daily life. An individual who
understands that he is a component of the environment ecosystem in the context of
sustainability will be able to achieve his social and economic goals while also
showing respect for nature. Besides, it can also help to conserve the environment and
wildlife creatures. While reducing air, water and land pollution, the use of waste
material will also ensure the sustainability of the environment.
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References

Brennan, R.B., Healy, M.G., Morrison, L., Hynes, S., Norton, D. & and Clifford, E.
(2016). Management of landfill leachate: The legacy of European Union
Directives. . Waste Management, 355-363.

EPA. (2021, May 30). Facts and Figures about Materials, Waste and Recycling.
Retrieved from United States Environmental Protection Agency:
https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and
recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materials

Makarichi L., Jutidamrongphan W. and Techato K. (2018). The evolution of waste

to-energy incineration: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev, 812-821.

Ogboo Chikere Aja, H. H.-K. (2014). Review of municipal solid waste management
options in Malaysia, with an emphasis on sustainable waste-to-energy
options. J Mater Cycles Waste Management, 693-694.

Seadon, J. K. (2010). Sustainable waste management systems. Journal of Cleaner

Production, 1639-1640.
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