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Mathematics: Quarter 2 - Module 2 Joint and Combined Variations
Mathematics: Quarter 2 - Module 2 Joint and Combined Variations
Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2
Joint and Combined
Variations
Mathematics – Grade 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Joint & Combined Variations
First Edition, 2020
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represent nor claim ownership over them.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are
also provided to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders
on how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises and tests. Read the instructions carefully before performing
each task.
Thank you.
3
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master how to illustrate situations that involves joint variation; translate into
variation statement a relationship involving joint variation between two quantities
given by a mathematical equation, and vice versa and solve problems involving
joint variation. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
What I Know
Directions: In this part, you will find out how much you already know in
this module. Select the letter that best answers each of the questions.
Record the items that you have answered incorrectly and find the right
answers as you go through this module. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
5
Lesson
1 JOINT VARIATION
Begin this lesson by checking your prior knowledge about the different
mathematics principles you learned. These knowledge and skills will help you in
conceptualizing how to illustrate situations that involves joint variation, translate
into variation statement a relationship involving joint variation between two
quantities given by a mathematical equation and vice versa, and solve problems
involving joint variation are applied in real life. The concepts of direct and inverse
variation are pre-requisite to this lesson. You can refer to prepared modules or
video lessons about these concepts to help you in performing each of the activities
provided.
What’s In
1. Find the equation and solve for k: y varies inversely as x and y= 6 when x= 18.
2. Suppose that y varies inversely as x2 and that y= 10 when x= 5/2.
a. Find the equation connecting x and y.
b. Find the value of y when x= 3.
What’s New
2. Suppose y varies jointly as x and z. What is y when x=2 and z=3, if y=20
when x=4 and z=3?
7
What is it!
Here are the steps required for Solving Joint Variation Problems:
Step 1: Write the correct equation. Joint variation problems are solved using the
equation y= kxz. When dealing with word problems, you should consider using
variables other than x, y, and z. You should use variables that are relevant to the
problem being solved. Also read the problem carefully to determine if there are any
other changes in the joint variation equation such as squares, cubes or square
roots.
Step 2: Use the information given in the problem to find the value of k called the
constant of variation or the constant of proportionality.
Step 3: Rewrite the equation from step 1 substituting in the value of k found in
step 2.
Step 4: Use the equation found in step 3 and the remaining information given in
the problem to answer the question asked. When solving word problems, remember
to include units in your final answer.
Solution:
a =kbc where k is the constant of variation
36= k (3)(4) use the value of a, b and c
36= k (12) (b)(c)= (3)(4)=12
36= 12k
1 1
36 * = 12𝑘 * Apply the Multiplication Property of Equality
12 12
36 12𝑘
=
12 12
3= k
Therefore, the required equation of variation is a= 3bc.
To make sure if the answer is correct, let us check.
8
Checking:
a=36 b=3 c= 4 k=3
By Substitution:
a= kbc
36= (3)(3)(4)
36= 36
Using Activity 2 no.2Suppose y varies jointly as x and z. What is y when x=2 and
z=3, if y=20 when x=4 and z=3?
Solution:
y= kxz
20= k (4)(3) substitute the value of y, x and z
20= 12k
20 12𝑘
=
12 12
5/3= k
y= kxz
y= (5/3) (2) (3) substitute the value of k, x and z
y= 10
checking:
By Substitution:
What’s More
Given: The volume of a cone- shaped gift bought by Mr. And Mrs. Solis for the
birthday party of their twin, baby JV and Alliyah varies jointly as its height and the
square of its radius. A cone with a radius of 6 inches and a height of 10 inches has
a volume of
inches and a height of 7 inches.
9
Steps to follow Solution/ answer
Step 1: Write the correct equation. In y= kxz
this case, use v, h, and r instead of x, y
and z. Notice how the word „square‟
changes the equation.
ANSWER: _ _ _ _
1 2 3 4 5 6
2-3. Use the information given in the problem to find the value of k called
the or the .
10
4. Rewrite the equation from step 1 substituting in the value of found
in step 2.
5. When solving word problems, remember to include in your final
answer.
What I Can Do
You may wonder why we keep on studying joint variations. In fact, this
concept helps us in some ways. Some problems may look so complicated but
thinking about how to come up with the solutions will help us develop our critical
thinking which is important in developing our decision-making skill.
Real – life quantities such as profits, yields and losses, area, volume and
many others can be represented, but not limited to joint variations in order for the
analyst to come up with practical decisions. Such decisions are made to make our
life comfortable. The situation below is one of the many real-life applications.
Given: The kinetic energy produced by Dr. Wong in Medical Specialist Hospital as
one of the frontliners varies jointly as the mass and the square of the velocity. A
mass of 8 grams and a velocity of 5 cm per second has a kinetic energy of 100 ergs.
Find the kinetic energy for a mass of 6 grams and a velocity of 9 cm per second.
Write your answer/ solution on a separate sheet of a paper. Show your complete
solution.
Rubrics:
30 pts. 20pts. 10 pts.
11
Lesson
2 COMBINED VARIATION
Begin this lesson by checking your prior knowledge about the different
mathematics principles you learned. These knowledge and skills will help you in
conceptualizing how to illustrate situations that involves combined variation,
translate into variation statement a relationship involving combined variation
between two quantities given by a mathematical equation and vice versa, and solve
problems involving combined variation are applied in real life. The concepts of
direct, inverse and joint variation are pre-requisite to this lesson. You can refer to
prepared modules or video lessons about these concepts to help you in performing
each of the activities provided.
What’s In
Questions:
1. Write the correct equation.
2. Find the value of k.
3. Find the value of z. Show your solution.
What’s New
12
1. What is the equation?
2. Find the value of k.
3. What is the value of f? How did you find the value of f?(Show your
solution)
What is It
Step 1: Write the correct equation. Combined variation problems are solved using
the combination of direct variation (y=kx),inverse variation (y= k/x), and joint
variation (y=kxz) equations. When dealing with word problems, you should consider
using variables other than x,yand z, you should use variables that are relevant to
problem being solved. Also read the problem carefully to determine if there are any
other changes in the combined variation equation such as squares, cubes, or
square roots.
Step 2: Use the information given in the problem to find the value of k, called the
constant of variation or the constant of proportionality.
Step 3: Re-write the equation from step 1 substituting in the value of k found in
step 2.
Step 4: Use the equation found in step 3 and the remaining information given in
the problem to answer the question asked. When solving word problems, remember
to include the units in your final answer.
13
44 = 2x
6
Step 4: Use the equation found in step 3 and the remaining
44 = x
information given in the problem to answer the question asked, 3
in this case, you need to find x when y= 44 and z= 6. x = 132
20 = k (50)
Step 2: Use the information given in the problem to 52
find the value of k. in this case, you need to find k 20 = 50k
when f = 20, g =50 and h = 5. 25
20 = 2k
k = 10
Example #3.
Given: If y varies jointly as a and b and inversely as the square root of c, and y= 12
when a= 3, b= 2, and c= 64, find y when a= 5, b= 2, and c= 25.
14
12 = k (3)(2)
√64
Step 2: Use the information given in the problem to
12 = 6k
find the value of k. In this case, you need to find k
8
when y =12, a = 3, b = 2 and c = 64
96 = 6k
k = 16
Step 3: Rewrite the equation form step 1
y= 16 ab
substituting in the value of k found in step 2. √c
y = 16 ab
√c
y = 16 (5)(2)
Step 4: Use the equation found in step 3 and the
√25
remaining information given in the problem to answer
y = 16 (10)
the question asked. In this case, you need to find y when
5
a= 5, b= 2 and c= 25.
y = 160
5
y = 32
What’s More
15
What I Have Learned
Instruction: Do you agree or disagree with the given statement below? Defend
your answer in at least 2 sentences. Write your answer on a separate
sheet ofpaper.
What I Can Do
Given:
The number of hours (h) that it takes to Special Action Force (m) men to
assemble (x) machines for COVID -19 varies directly as the number of machine and
inversely as the number of men if four men can assemble 16 machines in 12 hours,
how many men are needed to assemble 48 machines in twelve hours?
16
Assessment
Directions: Let us check how much you have learned today. Read each question
carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of a paper.
1. The area of a rectangle varies jointly as its length and width. Find the equation of
joint variation if A = 60 square ft. l = 15 ft. and w = 4 ft.
A. a= klw B. a= kl/w C. a= k/lw D. a= w/kl
2. Using the given in number 1, find the value of k.
A. k= 1 B. k= 2 C. k= 3 D. k=4
3. If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, what is the equation?
A. y= kx/z B. y= xz/k C. y= kz/x D. k= xy/z
4. If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 22 when x = 4 and z = 6, find
the value of k.
A. k= 13 B. k= 23 C. k= 33 D. k=43
5. Using the given in number 5, find y when x =10 and z =25
A. y= 46/5 B. B. y= 56/5 C. y=66/5 D. y= 75/5
6. Suppose y varies jointly as x and z, what is y when x= 2 and z=3, if y= 20 when
x=4 and z=3?
A. y= 5 B. y= 8 C. y= 9 D. y= 10
7. If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y = 24 when x = 48 and z = 4, find x
when y = 44 and z = 6.
A. x= 96 B. x= 128 C. x= 112 D. x= 132
8. The speed, s, of a moving object varies directly as the distance traveled, d, and
varies inversely as the time taken, t. What does it mean?
A. The shorter the time, the faster is the speed.
B. The longer the distance, the faster is the speed.
C. The longer the distance, the slower is the speed.
D. The longer the distance or the shorter the time, the faster is the speed.
9. z varies jointly with x and y. when x = 3, y = 8, z = 6, find z when x = 6 and y = 4.
A. 6 B.12 C. 18 D. 24
10. If p varies jointly as q and r squared, and p = 225 when q = 4 and r = 3. What
is the correct equation for this kind of variation?
A. p= kqr2 B. k= pqr2 C. r2= kpq D. q= pkr2
11. Find the equation of variation where a varies jointly as b and c, and a=36 when
b= 3 and c=4.
A. a= 3bc C. a= 9bc
B. a= 6bc D. a= 12bc
12. Supposes y varies jointly as x and z, when x=2 and z=3, if y=20 when x=4
and z=3? Using the given variation, find k.
A. k=2/3 C. k= 7/3
B. k=5/3 D. k= 9/3
13. If y varies directly as x and inversely as z, and y= 24 when x=48 and z= 4,
when y= 44 and z= 6 find k.
A. k= 2 C. k= 32
B. k=22 D. k= 42
17
14. The volume of a cone- shaped gift bought by Mr. And Mrs. Solis for the
birthday party of their child varies jointly as its height and the square of its
radius. A cone with a radius of 6 inches and a height of 10 inches has a volume of
s of 15 inches and
a height of 7 inches.
A. v C. v= 5
B. v= 4 D. v
15. The kinetic energy produced by the laboratory equipment owned Dr. Wong in
Medical Specialist Hospital as one of the front liners varies jointly as the mass and
the square of the velocity. A mass of 8 grams and a velocity of 5 cm per second has
a kinetic energy of 100 ergs. Find the kinetic energy for a mass of 6 grams and a
velocity of 9 cm per second.
A. e= 243 ergs C. e=1,243 ergs
B. e= 1,043 ergs D. e= 2,243 ergs
Additional Activities
Given: The number of minutes needed to solve an exercise set of variation problem
varies directly as the number of problems and inversely as the number of people
working on the solutions. It takes 4 people 36 minutes to solve 18 problems. How
many minutes will it take 6 people to solve 42 problems. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of a paper.
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Answer Key- Lesson 1
19
References