AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B16.20a-1994 ADDENDA to ASME B16.20-1993 METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES — RING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS United Engineering Center += 345 East 47th Street © @ =~——_ New York, N.Y. 10017Date of Issuance: November 16, 1094 ‘ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ‘This code or standard wap developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for ‘American National Stindards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard ‘was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an ‘opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review ‘and comment which provides an opportunity for addtional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the publio-at-large ASME does not “approve,” "rato,” of “endorse activity ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights assertod in connection with any items mentioned inthis document, and dovs not undertake to insure anyone Utilizing a standard against lability for infingement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume. ‘any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the valiity of any such patent rights, and the risk of intingement of such rights, is entirely their own ‘responsibilty. Participation by federal agency representatives) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ‘ASME acoapts responsibilty for only those interpretations issued in accordance with governing ‘ASME procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individuel vol. unteers ‘any item, construction, propriotary device, or No pert ofthis dacument may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic rotieval system or otherwise, ‘without the prior writen permission of the put Copyright @ 1994 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All Rights Reserved Printed in USA,ASME B16.20a-1994 Following approval by the ASME B16 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B16.20a-1994 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on August 30, 1994, Addenda to the 1993 edition of ASME B16.20 are issued in the form of replacement pages. Revi- sions, additions, and deletions are incorporated directly into the affected pages. It is advisable, however, that this page, the Addenda title and copyright pages, and all replaced pages be retained for reference. ‘SUMMARY OF CHANGES. This is the first Addenda to be published to ASME B16.20-1993, Replace or insert the pages listed. Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (a), placed next to the affected area, The pages not listed are the reverse sides of the listed pages and contain no changes. Page Location Change ii Foreword Second and eighth paragraphs tevised 1 Table 1 Note (1) added 27 Revised 2 Table 2 Note (3) added 3 3.4.1(h) Added 45.1(8) Added 31 Table 20 References to ASME B16.20 added 35 Table 25 References to ASME B16.20 added fc)FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ASME B16.20-1993,) Ring/joint gaskets and grooves probably originated in the boiler field where they were used in various forms for manhole covers, autoclaves, and other closures, However, it was in the oil industry (both in the production and refining of oil) that they received greatest recognition and were developed into their present form, Their use expanded steadily as temperatures and pressures were increased in steam plants. Tests relative to their merits for flanges and valve application were conducted as early as 1928, In June, 1936, the American Petroleum Institute issued Tentative Standard 5-G-3 on Ring-Joints for Steel Flanges and Flange Unions for use with API Tubular Goods. This standard was known as API Specification 6B, Ring-Joint Flanges. Following the accept- ance of ring-joints for flanges and valves by API and the issuance of their standard, ASA Bie on Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings was revised to jnclude them, and the 1939 edition included standard dimensions for a full line of ting-joint flanges based on the API standard. Development work continued, and the API formulated Standard 6E, Specification for Wellhead Equipment, which included ring-joints not covered in ASA. Bi6e-1939, In 1949, American Standards Association, Sectional Committee B16, Subcommittee 3, Steel Flanges and Flanged Fittings, assembled the available information on ring-joint gaskets into a single standard, American Standards Association approval was granted on April 30, 1952, with the designation ASA. B16,20-1952. ‘Ring gaskets for Class 900 (900-Ib at that time) in sizes NPS 26 through 36 were added and American Standards Association approval was granted on April 30, 1952. An updated version was submitted and American Standards Association approval was granted on April 4, 1955, with the designation ASA. B16.20-1955. The standard was reviewed and reaffirmation approval was granted by American Stan- dards Association on April 25, 1963. ‘The standard was reviewed and reaffirmation approval was granted by the American National Standards Association on April 25, 1973, with the designation of an American ‘National Standard, ‘The American Petroleum Institute requested that ASME convert their gasket standard, API 601, into an ASME American National Standard. As a result of that request, this edition has been expanded to include requirements for spiral-wound and jacketed gaskets that were formerly listed in API 601, 7th edition, 1988. Also, since ring joint groove dimensions are included in ASME/ANSI B16.5-1988, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, and ASME B16.47-1990, Large Diameter Stee! Flanges, they are not included in this edition. This standard was approved by the B16 Standards Committee. Following approval by ASME, approval by the American National Standards Institute was given on January 22, 1993, with the designation ASME B16.20-1993, Requests for interpretations or suggestions for revision should be sent to the Secretary, B16 Committee, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017. fa) fa)IMPORTANT INFORMATION CONCERNING USE OF ASBESTOS OR ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS Asbestos is referenced for use as a filler material in metallic gaskets. It has served as ‘universal sealing material, compatible with most fluid services. It has been of extreme usefulness in minimizing fire hazards. Certain serious adverse health effects are associated with asbestos, among them the serious and often fatal diseases of lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma (a cancer of the chest and abdominal linings). The degree of exposure to asbestos varies with the product and the work practices involved. Consult the most recent edition of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Standard for Asbestos, ‘Tremolite, Anthophylite, and Actinolite, 29 Code of Federal Regulations Section 1910.1001; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Emission Standard for Asbestos, 40 Code of Federal Regulations Sections 61.140 through 61.156; and the pro- posed rule by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposing labeling requirements and phased banning of asbestos products, published at $1 Federal Register 3738-3759 (anuary 29, 1986). ‘There are currently in use and under development a number of substitute materials to replace asbestos in certain applications. Manufacturers and users are encouraged to de- velop and use effective substitute materials that can meet the specifications for, and operating requirements of, the equipment to which they would apply. Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from one’s employer, the man- uufacturer or supplier of that material, or the Material Safety Data Sheet,ASME B16.200-1998 METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES RING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED 1 SCOPE 1.1 General This standard covers materials, dimensions, tol- erances, and markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gas- kets and filler material. These gaskets are dimen- sionally suitable for use with flanges described in the reference flange standards ASME/ANSI B16., ASME B16.47, and API-6A. This standard covers spiral-wound metal gaskets and metal jacketed gas- kets for use with raised face and flat face flanges. 1.2 References Standards and specifications adopted by reference in this Standard are shown in Annex A, which is part of this Standard. 2 RING-JOINT GASKETS 21 Types Ring-joint gaskets shall be either octagonal or oval in cross section, 22 Size Ring, joint gaskets shall be identified by an R, RX, oF BX number that relates to flange size (NPS), pres- sure class and the appropriate flange standards (ASME/ANSI B16.5, ASME B16.47, or API-6A). 23 Materials 2.3.1 General. Ring-joint gasket materials, some of which are listed in Table 1, shall be selected by the user based on suitability for the service conditions. It is recommended that ring-joint gaskets be of a hardness lower than the mating flanges. 2.32 Hardness. Ring-joint gaskets of materials listed in Table 1 shall have a hardness equal to or less than that shown in Table 1 TABLE 1 MAXIMUM HARDNESS FOR RING GASKETS Ring Gasket Material Brinell So trom (1) 90 Low-Carbon Stoo! 120 4-6 Chrome ¥, Moly 130 Type 410 170 Type 208 160 Type 316 160 ‘Type 347 160 Note: (1) May be low-garbo stool, not to exceed maximum hard= ness of 80 Brinell ~ 56 Rockwell "B. 24 Dimensions and Tolerances Dimensions and tolerances for ring-joint gaskets shall be as shown in Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, 2.5 Surface Finish ‘Types R and RX gaskets shall have a finish no rougher than 63 jin. roughness. Type BX gaskets shall have a finish no rougher than 32 in. roughness. Sur- face finishes shall pertain to the gasket sealing sur- faces. Dimensional reference identification numbers are assigned to ring-joint gaskets and are shown in Tables 3,4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, 2.7 Marking ‘The outer surface of each gasket shall carry the ‘manufacturer's name or identification trademark and gasket number prefixed by the letters R, RX, or BX followed by the gasket material identification. Ma- terial identification for Table 2 materials shall be as shown in Table 2, The gasket shall also be marked with ASME B16.20 designation. The application of ‘marking shall be done so as not to harmfully distort the gasket or affect the integrity of the seal. (a) fa)(a) ASME B16,202-1994 TABLE 2_ RING GASKET MARKINGS —Ring Gasket Material Identification _Merking Example Soft ron (3) D R510 (1) Low-Carbon Steel 5S. StS (1) 45 Chrome ¥%Moly FS (2) RSIS (1) Type 410 $410 518410 (1) Type 308 $304 518304 (1) Type 316 $316 518316 (1) Type 347 S347 515347 (1) NoTes: (1) FS identification designates ASTM Specification A 182-72 chemical composition requirements oni (2) This number shall be preceded by the manufacturer's name of identifiation trademark. (3) May be low-carbon stool, not to exceed maximum hard- ‘ness of 90 Brinell ~ 56 Rockwell "8". 3. SPIRAL-WOUND GASKETS 3.1 Size and Class Spiral-wound gaskets, including centering ring and. inner ring (3.2.4 and 3.2.5), are identified by flange size (NPS), pressure class and the appropriate flange standard (ASME/ANSI B16.5 or ASME B16.47).. 32 Dimensions and Tolerances 3.2.1 General. Dimensions and tolerances for spi- ral-wound gaskets, centering and inner rings, shall be in accordance with Tables 9, 10, and 11 and as spec- ified in this section. oe 3.2.2 Construction. Spiral-wound gaskets shall be constructed as alternate plies (circular layers counted as revolutions) of preformed metal windings and plaint fillers which are spirally wound. For the finished gas- ket the filler shall be essentially flush with, but not below, the metal winding on both contact faces of the gasket. The metal strip in the winding shall be (0.006 in. to 0.009 in. thick. The filler material thick- ness shall be determined by the manufacturer. 323 Metal Joining. The inner windings shall have a minimum of three plies of preformed metal strip without filler. The initial two plies shall be spotwelded. circumferentially with a minimum of three welds spaced at a maximum distance of three inches. The outer windings shall have a minimum of three plies of preformed metal without filler, spotwelded cir- cumferentially with a minimum of three welds, the last being the terminal weld. The distance of the first weld from the terminal weld shall be no greater than 1.5 in. Up to four ad- ditional loose preformed metal windings beyond the terminal weld may be used to retain the gasket into the centering ring, METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES FING-JOINT, SPIRALWOUND, AND JACKETED 3.24 Centering Ring. All spiral-wound gaskets shall be furnished assembled into a centering ring, ‘The centering ring thickness shall be from 0.117 in. to 0.131 in. and suitably grooved on the inside di- ameter so as to retain the gasket. 3.25 Inner Ring. Inner rings shall be furnished with all spiral-wound gaskets having PTFE (polyte- trafluorocthylene) filler material. Since. there have been reports of inward buckling of gasket windings with other filler materials, it is recommended that ner rings be specified by the user for materials where his experience has shown inward buckling of the gas- ket. Inner rings shall be furnished in spiral-wound gaskets for flanges NPS 24 and larger in class 900, NPS 12 and larger in class 1500, and NPS 4 and larger in class 2500, Gaskets with inner rings should be used only with socket welding, lapped, welding neck, and integral flanges. ‘The inner ring thickness shall be from 0.112 in. to 0.131 in. Tables 13, 14, 15, and 16 show inner ring inside diameters that may extend into the flange bore a maximum of 0.06 in. under the worst combination of flange bore, eccentric installation, and tolerance. 3.26 Gasket Compression. Spiral-wound gas- kets, NPS '/2, NPS %, and NPS 1 in classes 150, 300 and 600, shall be designed so that a uniform bolt stress, based on the nominal bolt root diameter, of 25,000 psi will compress the gasket to a thickness of, 0.130 in. 0.00 in. All other gasket sizes and classes shall be designed so that a uniform bolt stress of 30,000 psi will compress the gasket to a thickness of 0.130 in, + 0.00: 3.3 Materials Metal windings and filler materials shall be in ac cordance with Table 19. The inner ring shall be of a material that has corrosion resistant characteristics equivalent to or better than that of the metal winding. ‘The centering ring may be carbon steel that is painted, metal plated, or otherwise coated to inhibit atmos- pheric corrosion. 3.4 Marking 3.4.1 General. The centering ring of each spiral- wound gasket shall be permanently marked. The let- (ering height shall be 0.1 in. minimum. The following, information shall be included with the centering ring markings: (a) Manufacturer's name or trademark (b) Flange size (NPS)fa) METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES RING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED (c) Pressure class (d) Winding metal abbreviation (Table 19) except that the abbreviation may be omitted when 304 stain- less steel is used, (e) Filler material abbreviation (Table 19) (/) Centering and inner ring metal abbreviation (Table 19), except that the abbreviation may be omit- ted when carbon steel is used for the outer ring and 304 stainless steel is used for the inner ring. (2) Flange identification, Gaskets intended for ASME B16.47 flanges shall be marked B16.47A or B16.47B as applicable. Gaskets intended for ASME/ ANSI B16.5 flanges need not be so marked. Ilustra- tive marking examples are shown in Table 20. (#) Designation ASME B16.20 3.4.2 Pressure Class. Gaskets suitable for more than one pressure class shall be marked with all ap- plicable classes, as shown in Table 20. 3.4.3 Color Coding. Spiral-wound gaskets shall be marked with a color-code that identifies the windings and filler materials. A continuous color around the outer edge of the centering ring shall identify the winding metal. The color identifying the filler ma- terial for NPS 1'/2 and larger shall have four inter- mittent stripes approximately spaced 90 deg apart on the outer edge of the centering ring. Smaller size gas- kets shall have a minimum of two stripes 180 deg apart. The colors shall conform to those listed in Table 19, 4 JACKETED GASKETS. 4.1 Size and Pressure Class Jacketed gaskets are identified by flange size (NPS), pressure class, and the appropriate flange standard (ASME/ANSI 16.5 or ASME B16.47). 42 Design 4.2.1 General. Jacketed gaskets shall be made with a filler material enclosed in a metal jacket. ASME B16.202-1994 4.22 Jacket Thickness. The jacket metal thick- ness shall be a minimum of 0.015 in. 423 Filler Thickness. The filler thickness shall bea minimum of 0.06 in. 424 Miscellaneous. Other design details, in- cluding the density of the filler, shall be the gasket manufacturer’s responsibility. 43 Dimensions and Tolerances Gasket dimensions and tolerances shall be in ac- cordance with Tables 21, 22, or 23. 44 Materials Metal jacket and filler material shall be selected from Table 24. For jacketed gasket limitations related to ASME/ANSI B16.5 applications, see Annex E of ASME/ANSI B16.5. 45 Markings + 4.5.1 Applied Marking. Jacketed gaskets shall be marked with waterproof ink or equivalent, except that ‘where gasket size does not permit, a separate attached ‘marking tag may be used. The lettering height shall be 0.2 in. minimum. The following information shall be included with the marking: (a) Manufacturer's name or trademark () Flange size (NPS) (c) Pressure class (d) Jacketed material abbreviation (Table 24), ex- cept that the abbreviation may be omitted when soft carbon steel is used. (e) Filler material abbreviation (Table 24) (A) Flange identification. Gaskets intended for ASME B16.47 flanges shall be marked B16.47A or B16.47B as applicable. Gaskets intended for ASME/ ANSI B16.5 flanges need not be so marked. Illustra- tive marking examples are shown in Table 25. (g) Designation ASME B16.20 45.2 Pressure Class. Gaskets suitable for more than one pressure class shall be marked with all ap- plicable classes. fa)METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES ‘ASME B16.202-1994 RING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED 23deg F Ne + 4 a A MY (ee ee A—> Octagonal Over TABLE 3__ TYPE R RING GASKET DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES. PienDinner | wanat [theta Tun etraton | aadun a ing of Ring Ring Oval | Octagonal | Octagonal Ring | Octagonal Ring Number P A a 4 c Ry Rat 1344 0250 0a 038 0170 0.06 Raa 11563 0313 056 050 0206 0.06 Rag, 1.688 0313 086 050 0206 0.06 Raa 1750 0313 056 050 0.206 0.08 Ras 1875 0313 056 0.50 0.206 0.06 Ras 2.000 os13 056 050 0206 0.06 Ra? 2.250 9313 086 050 0206 0.06 RB 2375 o3i3 056 080 0206 0.08 Rag 21563 0313 056 050 0.206 0.08 R20 2.688 0313 086 050 0.206 0.08 Rat 2.804 0.438 068 083 0305 008 R22 3.250 0313 06 050 0.206 0.06 R23 3.250 0.38 089 083 0305 0.08 R24 3780 0.438 069 063 0.308 0.08 Rs | 4.000 0313 088 050 0.206 0.06 R268 4000 0.438 069 063 0.305 0.06 Ra | 4250 0.38 069 083 0.305 0.06 Re | 4375 0500 075 089 oat 098 R29 4500 0313 058 080 0206 008 R30 4625 0.38 089 053 0.308 9.06 Rat 4875 0.438 069 083 0305 008 Ra 5.000 0500 075 059 o3at 0.96 aa | 5:88 0313 056 050 0206 0.96 Rae | 5.188 038 069 083 0.305 06 nas | 5375 0.38 089 063 0.305 006 R36 5875 ost3 056 050 0206 006 Rar 5875 0.438 089 083 0305 006 R38, 6.168 0.625 088 ost oats 0.06 R39 6375 0.438 O69 063 0.305 006 R40 6750 oa 086 050 0.206 0.06 (Notes folow at end of table)METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES RING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED ASME 816.202-1994 TABLE 19 COLOR CODING AND ABBREVIATIONS FOR ‘SPIRAL-WOUND GASKET MATERIALS (CONT'D) 7 ‘Abbreviation Metalic Winding Materials Ni-Fe-CrMo-Cu Incoloy 825, IN 025, Grade 825 zinc ‘Nonmetallic Filler Materials Chrysotile Asbestos ASB Polytetrafuoroethylene PTFE Migrs Mice-Graphite Designation Flexible- Graphite FG Color Code white No Color No Stipe White Stipe Pink Stripe Ceramic CER TABLE 20 EXAMPLE MARKINGS FOR SPIRAL-WOUND GASKETS (a) ee CAE NPS 3, Class 200 and 600 ASME/ANSI B16.5 gasket having @ 3-300/600--F.6. ‘Type 304 metal winding and a flexible graphite filler material (Manufacturers trademark) ASME B16.20 'NPS 26, Class 300 ASME 816.47 Series A gasket having a Type 38-300—CER 304 metal winding and a ceramic filler material ASME 816.47 A (Manufacturer's trademark) ASME 816.20 [NPS 12, Class 1800 ASME/ANS! 816.5 gasket ha 42-1800 INC 600—PTFE ‘metal winding, PTFE filler material, and an Inconel inner ring INC 600 L.A. (Manufacturer's trademark) ASME B16.20 u(METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES ASME B16.200-1008 FING-JOINT, SPIRAL-WOUND, AND JACKETED 0.125 in, thick Clearance 0.08 in, Gasket inside diameter Bolt hole diometer —| Gasket outside diameter TABLE 21 JACKETED GASKET DIMENSIONS FOR ASME/ANSI B16.5 FLANGES Fame Gast SS eel en oan co ee Ta Rca ao ocean os eo Sap eee ae ae ee pas ee ee ee io 8 ie Bote ee aoe ry sb oe Se fo ase aso eae Oe} fd tie ey ery 25.28 20 301331003288 3538) GENERAL NOTE: The gasket thickness tolerance is +0103 in, ~0.000 in Noves: (1) For gaskets NPS % through NPS 24, the outside diameter tolerance is +0.06 in, ~0.000 in; the inside chameter tolerance is +0.06 in, — 0.000 in. (2) There are no Class 400 flanges NPS ¥i through NPS 3 (use Class 600}, Class 900 flanges NPS through NPS 2%: (use Class 1600), or Cass 2500 NPS 14 and larger, 2METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGES RING-JOINT, SPIRALWOUND, AND JACKETED ASME 816.208-1994 TABLE 24 ABBREVIATIONS FOR IDENTIFYING MATERIALS FOR YACKETED GASKETS _ Material ‘Abbreviation METALS AL Auminurn A crs Carbon Steet cs wu Copper cu NeMo (Grade 2) Hostelloy 8 HAST B NiMo-Cr (Grade 276) Hasteloy C Hast c NiCrFe (Grade 600) Inconel 600 ING 600 Ni Cee (Grade 625) Inconel 625 Inc 625 NiFe-Cr (Grade 800) Incoloy 800 iN 800 NiCrFe-Ti Grade X-780) Inconel X70 In Niu (Grade 400) Monel MON Nickel 200 Nickel Ni Soft ron Soft Iron Soft iron Nice Stainless Steo's 3-iit Ta Tantalum TANT Ti Titanium af FILLERS ASB ceR oo FG. ___Polytetrfiuoroethylene PTFE TABLE 25 EXAMPLE MARKINGS FOR JACKETED GASKETS (a) NPS 2y, Class 150 ASME/ANSI B16.5 gasket having a Type 304 2%,-160—304/.6 ‘metal jacket and a flexible graphite filer matril (Manufacturers trademark) ASME B16.20 NPS 30, Cass 300 ASME 816.47 Series B gaskot having a 130-300~CS/CER cearbon-stool jacket and 8 ceremic filer material ‘ASME 816.47 8 (Manufacturer's trademark) 35 ASME B16.2030934