Social

● Demographic transition
○ Migration, later marriages, less babies
● Republican motherhood
○ Women’s role: instruct sons in the principles of liberty and govt
● Some African Americans sided w British, others w patriots
● North
○ Manumission act in 1782- allowed owners to free their slaves
○ NY Emancipation Act of 1799- required slaves to purchase freedom
● South
○ Reopened atlantic slave trade ca. 1790s
■ Outlawed in 1808
● American Colonization Society in 1817
○ Slavery hindered economic growth

Political
● Democratic republicanism- political equality, social mobility
● Herrenvolk (master race) republic- Southern based equality to whites
● Richard Allen- Methodist Bishop; founded AfAm church
○ Black community condemning colonization, claim American citizenship (dem. republicanism)
● Missouri Compromise (ca. 1820s)
○ Maine= free state, Missouri= slave state
○ Southerners accepted prohibition of slavery in most of Louisiana Purchase

Interaction with Environment

● Govt chartered turnpikes (gravelled toll roads)
● Canals near Ohio river

Culture
● Sentimentalism- feelings
● Republican children= disobedient
● Children education
● Enlightenment ideals → manumission (contradicted law of God and equality)
● Ca. 1790- Second Great Awakening
● Church + state still kinda together
● Voluntarism- funding of churches by their members (supported republicanism)
● Attraction to mainly Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians
○ Compared to Catholics and Protestants (wealthy strict classes)
● Second Great Awakening- established US as Christian ca. 1790s
○ Advanced women education
● Congregationalists supported rational thought over human deprivation
Economics
● Republicanism- private property, market exchange, opportunity, activist govts
● Neomercantilism- govt supported econ development
● National bank charter 1781, second charter 1816 (shady af)
○ Panic of 1819 (end of napoleonic wars)
■ Increase foreign good consumption, domestic good deflation, closed off trade, farmer
income decline → bankruptcy
● Rural manufacturing- raw materials processed on the countryside, shipped to stores
○ Manufacturing → factories
● Families dependent on wage labor and market sales