Social

● Shaker community: strict behavior: no alcohol

● Fourierist socialism- liberate workers from capitalist employers
● utopias- impossible
● Minstrelsy- blackface ca. 1830s
● 1830s- abolitionists
○ Northern christians stood up after stricter laws were enforced after Turner’s rebellion
○ Still minority
● American Anti-Slave Society + women
● Amalgamation- racing mixing and intermarriage
● Domestic slavery
● Women’s rights activists- legal rights of married women to own property, not challenges against
marriage or conventional division of labor
○ → crucial support from wealthy men
●

Political
● Whigs won- focus on nativism, imperance, anti-Catholicism
● Garrison- abolitionist writer
● Married women’s property laws 1839-1845
● Seneca Falls Convention 1848- EC Satnton and Lucretia Mott
○ Women’s rights based on DOI
○ Repudiated natural inferiority and ideology of separate spheres
● Susan B. Anthony
● Women’s rights to own property, indicidualism

Interaction with Environment

● Underground Railroad

Culture
● Individualism- native-born white Americans were no longer tied to legacy/ social class
● American Renaissance
● Transcendentalism- from New England questioners of Puritan heritage
○ Romantic ideals- human passion, intuition
● Unitarian- nature; rejected tradition and practiced self-discipline
● Reform of commercial and industrial order- education of workers and abolitionist movement
● Thoreau (natural world), Fuller (women), Whitman (nature)
● Perfectionism- Protestant movement ca. 1830s- life is already perfect
● Mormons- utopian close communities, patriarchy, individual success, polygamy
● Horace Mann- public schooling (women teachers, longer school years)
● Dix- woman, enlarged state hospitals + fixed prisons
Economics