Integrated BBA-MBA Programme

Batch: 2020-25
Term: V

Indian Society

Individual Assignment I

Submitted To: Prof. Rafia Khan

Submitted By: -
Keshav Khandelwal 207128
Explain the presence of cooperation and conflict as two important processes of social life
with examples from your day to day life.

1. INTRODUCTION: -
Individuals and groups connect, modify, and readjust social processes to develop relationships
and patterns of behavior, which are then modified through social interactions. The term "social
process" refers to a variety of common and recurring kinds of social interaction. The core of
social existence is interaction or mutual engagement. Social processes are the means through
which individuals and communities interact. The term "social processes" refers to frequent
patterns of social interaction. Man is a social creature. Living in seclusion is difficult for him.
They live in groups at all times. They behave in a specific way because they are members of
these organizations. Their actions are influenced by one another. The core of social existence is
interaction or mutual engagement. Interactions are necessary for social existence.

2. MEANING OF SOCIAL PROCESS: -

The term "social process" refers to frequent patterns of social interaction. We refer to social
processes as the methods in which individuals and communities interact and form social bonds.
Cooperation, conflict, competitiveness, and accommodation are examples of different types of
social interaction. "Social process" is defined by Maclver as "the mechanism in which the
relationships of members of a group, once brought together, develop a specific character."

3. TYPES OF SOCIAL PROCESS: -

Hundreds of social processes exist. However, there are some fundamental social processes that
arise in society on a regular basis. They are,
 Socialization
 Cooperation
 Conflict
 Competition
 Accommodation
 Acculturation
 Assimilation
The social process can be beneficial or harmful. As a result, social processes have been divided
into two main types, referred to as "conjunctive and disjunctive," "associative and dissociative,"
and many more.

4. COOPERATION: -
Cooperation is one of the most basic social processes. It's a type of social process in which two
or more people or groups collaborate to achieve a common
objective. Cooperation is a type of social interaction in
which everyone benefits from achieving their objectives.

Cooperation pervades every facet of social organization,

from maintaining personal connections to ensuring the
success of multinational programmes. Human beings are
forced to join groups in order to survive, and they must also
collaborate with one another.

The word 'cooperation' comes from two Latin words: 'Co', which means 'together,' and 'Operary,'
which means 'to work.' As a result, collaboration entails working together to attain a common
objective or goals. Cooperation occurs when two or more people work together to achieve a
shared objective. Boys cooperate in games, men in business, employees in production, and
public authorities in community controls, among other activities, to enable an integrated social
life.
4.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF COOPERATION: -
 Cooperation is an associative social interaction activity that occurs between two
or more people or organizations.
 Cooperation is a deliberate process that requires people or organizations to work
together.
 Cooperation is a human process in which people and groups interact and
collaborate to achieve a common goal.
 Cooperation is a never-ending process. There is a sense of continuity in the
cooperative endeavors.
  Cooperation is a universal phenomenon that occurs across all organizations,
communities, and countries.
 Cooperation is founded on two elements: a shared goal and a concerted effort.
 Cooperation may help attain common goals more effectively, and it is vital for
individual and societal advancement.

5. CONFLICT: -
Conflict is one of the dissociative or disjunctive social processes. In human connections, it is a
ubiquitous and basic social process. Only when the competitors' focus is diverted from the aim of
competition to themselves does conflict emerge.
It is the polar opposite of
collaboration as a process. It is a
strategy for obtaining benefits by
removing or weakening
competitors. It is a conscious
effort to defy, resist, or compel
the will of another or others. In its
most basic, personal, and
aggressive forms, conflict is a competition. Conflict has a certain objective in mind. However,
unlike collaboration and competition, it aims to achieve its goal by rendering ineffective others
who are also pursuing it.
"Conflict is the social process in which individuals or organizations achieve their goals by
directly challenging the opponent via violence or threat of violence," writes J.H. Fitcher.
"Conflict is a formalized kind of struggle," writes K. Davis.
5.1. CHARACTERSTICKS OF CONFLICT: -
 Conflict is a natural part of life. It can be found in all locations and at all times. It
has existed from the foundation of civilization.
 Conflict is personal in nature, with the goal of eliminating the other side. In a
dispute, the main goal is to beat the opponent.
 A purposeful endeavor to oppose or resist the will of another is referred to as
conflict. Its goal is to harm or kill people or groups of people.
  In a war, there is no continuity. It only happens once in a while. It lacks
coherence. It does not occur as frequently as rivalry and collaboration.

5.2. CAUSES OF CONFLICT: -

There is always going to be conflict. Conflict cannot be pinpointed as to when it began, and
there is no one cause for its birth. Several scholars have since pointed out the legitimate
origins of war. Conflict, according to Malthus, an outstanding economist and mathematician,
emerges only when there is a scarcity of food or other means of sustenance. According to
him, the fundamental source of inter-group conflict is the geometrical progression of
population and the arithmetical development of means of sustenance.

6. COOPERATTION & CONFLICT: INTERREALTION: -

Cooperation is the most fundamental type of human connection, in which men work together
to achieve a common objective. Conflict is defined as emotionalized and violent resistance in
which the main purpose is to defeat the opponent in order to achieve a certain goal or reward.
Cooperation is an associative process, whereas conflict is a dissociative processes. It is a
direct and openly adversarial battle of individuals or groups for the same purpose or end.
Men are divided by competition and strife.
Conflict and collaboration are not separate entities, but rather phases of a single process that
constantly includes both. Even in the most cordial relationships and close relationships, there
are times when interests diverge. As a result, they are unable to work beyond that point, and
conflict is unavoidable. Within the family, for example, even the tightest collaboration does
not avoid quarrels. When men's interests are aligned, they are able to work together.
According to Davis, no organization, whether it is a family or a friendly one, is immune to
the seeds of suppressed conflict. Conflict exists in all contexts because the goals that
different people strive for are always mutually incompatible to some level. Cooperation is
also a part of conflict. There is a secret base of compromise or adjustment in every quarrel. In
battle, for example, opponents collaborate under particular norms before annihilating each
other using the approved techniques and weapons of war. As a result of conflict,
arrangements and agreements evolve that lead to collaboration.
REFERENCES: -
 Diekmann, A., & Lindenberg, S. (2001). Cooperation: Sociological Aspects. In International
Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 2751–2756). Elsevier.
 Kuppuswamy, B. (1980). An Introduction to Social Psychology, Asia Publishing House,
New Delhi
 Myers, G. David (2008), Social Psychology, 9th edition, The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.