A.

INTRODUCTION

Introduce yourself.
To introduce self-expression, among others:
- I would like to Introduce my self, my name's ...
- May I Introduce my self?
- Let me Introduce my self. my name ...
- I want to Introduce my self. my name ...

Introducing others.
This expression is used to introduce people to each other:
- I would like you to meet .... (Name that wants to be introduced)
- This is my friend, boss, manager ... (name that wants to be introduced)
- Have you met ... (name that wants to be introduced)
- May I Introduce you to ... (name that wants to be introduced)
- Let me Introduce you to ... (name that wants to be introduced)
- I want to Introduce you ... (name that wants to be introduced)

The first friendly greeting used is "How do you do" then continued with; It's nice to see you, I
am glad to meet you, usually rewarded with the same phrase, after the second meeting of the
phrase was not used again instead used:

Greetings Response
- How are you I am fine thanks, How about you guys
- How is life? Everything is OK
- How is everything going on? Not so bad / not so good / So so.

B. THANKINGS

Is how to say thank you in English usually uses the word as follows:

The phrase Response

- Thank you
- Thank you very much
- Thanks

- Thank you for Helping me

- Thank you for your kindness

- I'm Grateful for your help - Thank you / You're welcome!

- You're welcome!
- That's all right

- Not at all
- Do not Mention it.
- Any time

C. Asking for Help (Ask for help / assistance)

To request our assistance may use the expression - the expression as follows:
- Would you guys + V1 + Object (me) example: Would you help me?
- Could you + V1 + Object (me) Could you help me?
- Do you mind + V ing + Object (me) Do you mind Helping me?
- Would you mind + V ing + Object (me) Would you mind Helping me?

Expression in response to receiving the usual: OK, Certainly, Of course, while sure to reject the
common use I am sorry. While for the use of the phrase Do / would you mind if received; Not at
all, off course not, to refuse to use; yes, I am sorry.

D. Offering HELP.

Expressions to offer assistance are as follows;

- May I help you
- Can I help you
- What Can I help you
- What Can I do for you - How Can I assist you
- How Can I help you
- Let me help you
- Do you want me to help you
Basically asking or offering help is the same, we just need to change the subject or object
position of the sentence, except in the pattern of using Do / Would you mind ...
Note the changes:

Offering Help (offering help) Asking for help (for help)

® Could I help you?

® Would you like me to help you
® Could you help me?
® Would you like to help me

E. SOME Things Offering

To offer something in English we use the common expression patterns, "would you like ...,
Would you care for ...?, Why do not you have ...?, How about having ...? May I offer you ...?

Offering offering Response / feedback

Would you like Some drinks / food?

Would you care for coffee?
Why do not you have Some mint tea?
How about having fun?
Yes, please
No, thank I do not drink coffee
Thank you, I'd love to
Oh, no

F. Apologizing

Here is the expression - the expression to apologize in brief;

Response expression / response

® I am very sorry
® I am very sorry
® Please forgive me
® I am sorry for coming late
® I apologize for .... It's OK / that's all right

Not at all
No problem
Not at all
It does not matter.
If someone get angry and refused to forgive, they usually uses the phrase: "So you Should be!"

G. FOR Asking permission.

In daily interactions - sometimes the day we are faced with a situation where we have to apply
for permission to do something; following phrase - used the following response unkapan

Asking for permission accepting Refusing

Can I + V1: Can I go home?

May I + V1: May I wash my hands?
Could I + V1: Could I use it sir?
you mind If I Dou ...
I wonder if I can / Could + V1

Sure
Go a head
Certainly
Not at all
By all means
Sorry but
Did you guys I'd rather
I'm afraid you can not
Yes!
I am sorry you can not

H. INVITING

In daily interactions - the day sometimes we'll invite / invite someone to attend / do something
following expressions used in the invitation;
Refusing accepting Invitation
Let's smoke
I would like to invite you to attend my party
Would you care for Joining my birthday party?

Let's be happy Marshall

We All right
OK
Of course

All right
No, thanks
I'd love to but I can not
I'm sorry, I have Some Things To Do

I. Asking INTERNATIONAL Giving Opinions

Expression - phrases used for advice and give suggestions are as follows follows the pattern of
the sentence: "Let's + V1 / be + Ks", "Why do not We ...?", "" Would you care for ...? "," I would
like to invite you to ... "," Would you like to + V1. "

Asking for opinions Giving opinions

What do you think of / about ...

What is your opinion for / about ...
What is your view on ...
What do you say about ...
I think that ...
I believe that ...
I feel that ...
In my opinion ...
I do not really know about ...
How about ....
What about ....
For the last two regular expression followed by a gerund (V ing) or just followed Noun
Example: "What about going home? "What about Coca Cola?"
"How about finishing it early? "" How about hamburgers? "

J. Giving ADVICES OR SUGGESSTIONS

In giving advice we sometimes use different phrases have the same purpose. Nevertheless,
respectively - each have a different pattern. Here's how to give the following advice responses /
response;

Advice / Suggestions accepting Refusing

Why do not you + V 1

You need to + V1
You Should + V1
It's best to + V 1
You Had better not + V1
It would be a good idea to + V1
You ought to + V1
Yes, I Will
Yes May be I Should
Yes I suppose I Should
Yes I guess I Should
May be
I gues not
OK
I do not think so
I guess not
O no!
Oh no!

K. AGREEING AND DISSAGREEING

Agree Disagree
I agree with you
I think so
It is certainly
EXACTLY
That's I want to say
I am with you
I am on your side
That idea I buy
I disagree with you
I would not say That
I do not think so
notesEXACTLY
I can not say so
On contrary
I do not buy That Idea

Functional Skills
For Specific purposes

In this chapter we will learn some of expression - an expression commonly used in the case -
certain things associated with working unia. Skills are very useful in dealing with the world of
work in the current global era, the phrase - the phrase has a broad meaning. Watch and learn.

A. Reservation
The reservation service we will study the expression used in Hotel, Restaurant and bureaus are
mentioned bverikut perjalanan.Ungkapan these:

1. Hotel Room Booking Service

Guess (Guest) Receptionist (reception)

There's Room Full Room
I'd like to book a room for Tomorrow

I'd like to reserve a single room

Is there any rooms available tonight?
OK, sir, how long you stay will from Could you tell me the night rate is for a single room? 

What sort rooms do you need sir / madam?

$ .140 a night sir / madam
May I know Whom is it for?
I am sorry sir We are fully booked
Would you like me to book a room in another hotel for you sir / madam?

For ordering options.

Receptionist (reception) Guess (Guest)
Do you have any special preference?
Beach view please
I want to have the room with mountain view

2. Restaurant Booking Service in

Guess (Guest) Receptionist (reception)
There was an empty table table Fully
I'd like to book a table for tonight?

I'd like to reserve tables

Is there any tables available tonight?
OK, sir, how many people will from come to your dinner?
Do you need an extra table / toast?
I am sorry sir We are fully booked
Would you like me to book a table in another restaurant for you sir / madam?

For ordering options.

Receptionist (reception) Guess (Guest)
Do you have any special preference?
I want the table near the pool

3. Travel ticket reservation services / theater

Customer (Customer) Reservation Officer (booking officer)
Available Not available
I'd like to book a plane ticket for Padang?

I'd like to reserve two seats for two

Is there any seats available tonight?
OK, sir, Pls Will you leave for Padang.
Which row do you like to seat?
I am sorry sir We are fully booked, How about Tomorrow?

For ordering options.

Receptionist (reception) Guess (Guest)
Do you have any special preference?
I want the seat near the window (train, bus, plane)
On the first row / BALCON (theater)

B. Telephone Handling.

Do you still remember:

How the secretary greets the caller?

What the caller says to inform his / her purpose?
What the secretary says to inform That the one the caller wants to speak to is not in?

To make a call (Call)

Greetings (Good morning / afternoon / evening).

May I speak to ..., please?
I'm ... (your name) from ... (your company's name)
I'm calling about ... (your purpose)
Could you put me through to Mr. / Mrs. ...?

To receive a call (the call)

Greetings (Good morning / afternoon / evening) + name of your company.

Can I help you? May I help you?
Who's calling, please? Who's speaking, please?
May I have your name, please? Could I have your number?
Hold on, please. Just a moment, please.
I'm sorry. The line is engaged. Sorry, Sir / Ma 'am. The line is busy.
I'll put you through to Mr. / Mrs. ...
Do you want to hold on, or call again later?
Can I take your message?
Could you speak up, please? It's a terrible connection.

Leaving a message (leave message)

The caller (caller)

Could you take a message for me?
Could you please take a message?
May I leave a message?

The person answers the phone will from the WHO say (telephone receiver)
Would you leave a message
May I take a message

D. Confirming Arrangements.

In the business world to cancel the agreement is to be avoided, but if circumstances force us to
cancel it then we are biased using the following expression:

1. I regret to tell you That I have to cancel our meeting

2. I am sorry That I Will have to cancel my business trip Because of our company's condition.
3. I am sorry That I Will have to cancel my arrangements
4. We Could write a provisional date in our diaries?
5. I'm sorry to upset your plan like this.
6. I'm sorry the plan is Cancelled
7. Unexpected Something Happened and I can not make it
8. We'll have to delay the meeting
9. I can not make Them Decide exactly what they want are going to do
10. I need to contact my lawyer.

C. Arrangements canceling

The phrase is used to ensure the agreement is as follows:

1. I would like to confirm my ... ..
2. I would like to confirm about taking ...
3. I would like to confirm about our arrangements

D. AN Appointment Making (Making agreements business meeting)

What do you say Pls help you get through to the Person You Want to speak to and fix a
meeting? Here Are Some expressions That you find in the above conversation and are usually
Used in making an appointment.

Suggesting a time to meet

Responding to the suggestion
Can / Shall We fix / arrange / manage an appointment / a meeting?
Would it be useful to meet up soon
'll (just) to check my diary.��
How about Monday?
Would Wednesday be suitable?
Would Thursday suit you?
Shall We say on Friday? That's fine
I can not / will not be Able to make Monday.��
I've got to ...��
ASKING FOR FAVORS

1. Can you help me with my math?

2. Could you bring me some coffee?

3. Would you open the car door for me?

4. Could I ask you a favor?

Sure. What's the problem?

I'd be glad to. How do you like it?

No problem. It looks like your hands are full.

It depends. What is it?

Conversation practice
Practice asking your classmates to do favors for you.

See the sample phrases below.

Getting someone's attention

Excuse me,

Pardon me,

Sorry to bother you, but . . .

Asking the favor (from least formal to most polite):

Can you open the door for me?

Will you hand me a pencil?

Would you turn on the air conditioner?

Could you help me with these boxes?

Would you please turn down the music?

Could you possibly give me a ride home?

Would you mind taking a picture for us?

Would you be so kind as to lend me your cell phone?

Follow-up

Thanks for your help

Thank you so much.

Thanks, I really appreciate it.

Sample conversation :
Excuse me, could you do me a favor?

Sure, what is it?

Could you help me move these chairs?

No problem. / I'd be glad to.

Thanks a lot.

OFFERING SOMETHING

1. Here. Have a cookie.

2. Would you like some pie?

3. How about a glass of wine?

4. What will you have (to drink)?

5. Would you like some more cake?

6. Can I get you some milk or something?

Thanks.

No thank you. It looks delicious though.

Thanks, but I don't drink (alcohol).

Orange juice will be fine.

Sure. It's really good. Did you bake it yourself ?

Well, a glass of water would be okay.

INVITING

Do you want to . . .

Do you wanna . . . (informal)

Would you like to . . . (more polite)

How about (V+ing) ?

How would you like to . . .

1. Do you want to dance?

No thanks. I'm kind of tired right now
2. Would you like to go hiking this
Sure, I'd love to. What time should we meet?
weekend?
Ah. Can I get back to you on that?
3. How about going swimming on Friday?
Sounds like a great idea. Where do you want to
4. How would you like to play golf
go?
tomorrow?

Speaking Situations: Inviting

Phrases for these situations

Do you want to / wanna (very informal)

Would you like to

Will you . . . (with me)

How about V+ing

How would you like to

I was wondering if you would (like to)

I would like to invite you to (more formal)

Vocabulary for these situations

Conversation practice
When inviting someone to do something with you,

it is polite to "break the ice" before extending the invitation.

For example,
Will you go dancing with me on Friday? (too abrupt by itself)

(Give the other person time to "prepare" for your invitation.)

Do you have time on Friday?

Yes, I do. Why do you ask?

There's a dance at the Grand Ballroom.

Would you like to go with me?

Sure! I'd love to.

Role play the following situations with a partner.

Include details and give a variety of responses.

1. Invite your partner to go fishing this weekend.

2. Invite your partner to your home for dinner.

3. Invite your partner to see the circus.

4. Invite your partner to attend your violin concert.

5. Invite your partner to attend a political rally.

6. Invite your partner to your child's performance.

7. Invite your partner to your son's graduation party.

ASKING AND GIVING OPINION

Asking for Opinions

What do you think?

What's your opinion?

What are your ideas?

Do you have any thoughts on that?

How do you feel about that?

Giving Opinions
I think we should get a new car.

I don't think we need one.

I believe (that) smoking should be outlawed.

I don't believe (that) it should be illegal.

In my opinion, Gone with the Breeze is the best movie ever made.

I feel that it's the right thing to do.

I don't feel that it's such a good idea.

GREETING
1. Hi.

    Hello.

2. Good morning.

    Good afternoon.

    Good evening.

3. How are you?

    How are you doing?

   How ya doing? (Informal)

4. Fine. How about you?

5. Okay. Thanks.
INTRODUCING YOURSELF

1. I'm John.

    I'm Jackie.   (Use first name in informal situations)

2. I'm John Kennedy.

    I'm Jackie O'Neill.    (Use full name in business and formal situations)

3. (It's) nice to meet you.

    (It's) nice meeting you.     (It's) good to meet you.

4. Nice to meet you too.

Conversation Practice
1. Practice introducing yourself to your teacher and classmates in English.

Use first names for informal situations and full names (first and last) for formal situations.

2. Listen to others introduce themselves. Say "Nice to meet you" and repeat their names.

Smile (and shake hands if appropriate).

Notes:
1. It is not common to use titles (Mr., Mrs., Dr., etc.) when referring to yourself.
However, it is polite to use titles with others in formal situations, unless they give you
permission to do otherwise.

Examples:
I'm Mr. Robert Smith. (Title is not necessary here.)
I'm Robert Smith. (Better)
I'm Dr. Sampson. (Okay, if you want to keep the relationship formal)

(After an introduction)
Nice to meet you, Mr. Smith.
Oh, please call me "Bob."

2. Do not use titles with first names, and do not use last names alone without titles.

Hello, Mr. Bob (Wrong!)

Hi, Bob (Okay)

Good morning, Smith (Wrong!)

Good morning, Mrs. Smith (Correct)
INTRODUCING PEOPLE

1. This is my friend, Jack.                                        Hi Jack. I'm Linda

    my brother, Bob.

    my sister, Cindy.

    my father, Mr. Harris.

    my mother, Mrs. Harris.

    my teacher, Ms. Watson.

    my student, Carrie.

    my friend, Mary Jones.

    my boss, Mr. Ritter.

    my co-worker, Penny Pitcher.

2. Nice to meet you.                                            Nice to meet you too.

Conversation Practice
These types of introductions involve three people:

A: The introducer (who knows both B and C)

B: Introducee (knows A but not C)

C: Introducee (knows A but not B)

Example,
A: Have you two met each other?

B: No, we haven't.

A: Ben, this is Carol. Carol this is Ben.

(B and C smile and shake hands.)

B: Nice to meet you Carol.

C: Nice to meet you too, Ben.

Follow-up:
After you have been introduced to someone,

it is polite to ask a few general questions* to get acquainted.

For example,
B: Where are you from, Carol?

C: I'm from Connecticut.

B: Connecticut, which part?

C: Hartford, the capital. How about you, Ben?

B: Nebraska--a place called Bellevue. It's near Omaha.

C: How do you know Alan (A)?

B: He is my friend from college.

Practice introducing your friends to each other.

Remember to smile (and use handshakes where appropriate).

*When meeting someone for the first time,

it is not appropriate to ask certain types of questions.

Do NOT ask:

A person's age

Birth date

Salary

Weight

Marital status

You may ask general questions about the situation.

How do you know Alan (the person who introduced us)?

Are you a student at this university?

Is this your first time here?

What do you do for a living?

How long have you been working for (company)?

Asking for Information
Here are some sample phrases and sentences for asking information in English.

See also: Free-English-Study: Asking for Information

Click for Audio
1. What is this? This is a table.

2. What is that? That is a chair.

3. What's this? It's a pen.

4. What's that? It's an apple.

5. What are these? These are pencils.

6. What are those? Those are books.

7. Where is Mr. King? He is over there.

8. Where is Ms. Knight? She's (right) here.

9. Where's Johnny? He's in the house.

10. When's the movie? It's at 9:00.

11. When's lunch? Lunch is at noon.

12. How is the food? It's delicious.

This, That, These, Those

Demonstratives are used to point out a particular item. They are as follows:

This (indicates something close to the speaker)

That (indicates something away from the speaker)

These (indicates some things close to the speaker)

Those (indicates some things away from the speaker)

Example:
A: What is this? (pointing to something held in the speaker's hand or near the speaker)

B: A pencil.

A: What is that? (pointing to something at a distance from the speaker)

B: A tree.
Remember that demonstratives are used in reference to the speaker. (What is near "you" may not
be near "me" and vice versa.)

A: What's that you're holding?

B: This is an egg. Here, catch!

A: Oops.

B: That's a mess.

A: What are these (holding up a pair of slippers)

B: Those are slippers.

Be sure to use this/that with singular and non-count nouns and these/those with count nouns.

This orange is sour. These oranges are sweet.

That truck is full. Those trucks are empty.
This milk is fresh.

Sometimes demonstratives can be used as pronouns (to refer to a particular noun.)

Give me that! Whose are these?

Give me that (spoon). Whose are these (socks)?

This and that can also be used with one. However, these and those are more commonly used
alone.

I want this one. I want these. (not these ones)

I'll take that one. I'll take those.

On the telephone, this and that are used differently in British and American English to identify
callers.

Example:
Receiver: Hello.
Caller: I was wondering if you would be interested in buying . . .
Receiver: Who is this? (American)
Who is that? (British)
(Both expressions are used to ask the caller to identify himself/herself.)
Caller: This is Mr. Fuller from the Acme Brush Company.
(Same for both British and American English)
Caller: Hi Jack. Long time no see!
Receiver: Is this Bob? What a surprise! (American)
Is that Bob? What a surprise! (British)

Wh - Questions
Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information
about topics. They are as follows:
 When? Time

Where? Place

Who? Person

Why? Reason

How? Manner

What? Object/Idea/Action

Other words can also be used to inquire about specific

information:
Which (one)? Choice of alternatives

Whose? Possession

Whom? Person (objective formal)

How much? Price, amount (non-count)

How many? Quantity (count)

How long? Duration

How often? Frequency

How far? Distance

What kind (of)? Description

The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the
"subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing
being asked about with the appropriate wh-word.

(Someone has my baseball.) Who has my baseball?

(Something is bothering you.) What is bothering you?

For the predicate pattern, wh- question formation depends on whether there is an "auxiliary"
verb in the original sentence. Auxiliary or "helping" verbs are verbs that precede main verbs.
Auxiliary verbs are italicized in the following sentences.

I can do it.

They are leaving.

I have eaten my lunch.

I should have finished my homework.

To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the
subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the
sentence.
 (You will leave some time.) ? will you leave
When will you leave?
(He is doing something.) ? is he doing
What is he doing?
(They have been somewhere.) ? have they been
Where have they been?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is "be," invert the subject and verb, then add the appropriate
wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.

(He is someone.) ? is he
Who is he?
(The meeting was some time.) ? was the meeting
When was the meeting?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then
add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main
verb to the word do.

(You want something.) ? do you want

What do you want?
(You went somewhere.) ? did you go (past tense)
Where did you go?
(She likes something.) ? does she like (third person -s)
What does she like?

For Practice: See

Question Words (from The Internet TESL Journal)
What, When or Where? (from The Internet TESL Journal)

See also:
Speaking: Simple Questions
Speaking: Asking for information

Conversation Practice
Practice asking simple information questions in English. Use appropriate Wh- words.

Examples,
How are you (doing) today?

I'm fine. Thanks.

Where is Keith?

He's at the store.

What's in the box?

Two dimes and a nickel.

Who is this?
She's my teacher, Ms. Jones.

Giving Information
Here are some sample sentences and phrases for giving information in English
See also:Free-English-Study: Giving Information Click for Audio

1. Jeremy is from Ohio. Oh really? What part of Ohio? Columbus.

2. Kelly is a saleswoman. Is that right? What company? Microsoft.

3. He's a university student. Oh. What university? Harvard.

4. Ronda lives in Texas. Really? What city (in Texas)? Dallas.

5. I work at a restaurant. Oh really? Which restaurant? Angelo Meroni's

6. I live in Florida. Oh yeah? Where in Florida? Orlando.

8. Where are you from? I'm from Delaware.

9. What is your occupation? I'm a police officer.

Conversation Practice
With a partner, practice giving and responding to information.

1. When your partner tells you something about himself/herself, say "Really?" and ask a related
question.

For example,
I'm from Nepal.

Really? Is this your first time here?

I live in Cincinnati.

Really? Is that near Cleveland?

I'm an engineer.

Oh really? Which train?

2. When your partner tells you something, say "Really?" then make a related statement.

For example,
I'm from Ireland.

Oh really? My grandfather is Irish.

I live in Tokyo.
Really? My sister lives in Osaka.

I'm a student at Forbes University.

Really? I study at Gates College.

3. Ask wh- questions to find out information about your partner. Then respond to the
information.

For example,

Where do you work?

I work at May Bee's

Really? What do you do there?

I'm a sales clerk.

Expressing Likes and Dislikes

Here are some sample phrases and sentences for expressing likes and dislikes.
See also: Free-English-Study: Expressing Likes and Dislikes
Click for Audio

1. I like fruit. What kind? Oranges and bananas.

2. Helen likes sports. What kind of sports? Football and tennis.

3. Ms. Cramer doesn't like Really? Does she like tea? Yes, she does.
coffee.
Oh. What kind does he like? (He likes) drama.
4. Tony does not like action
movies. Yes, he does.

5. Does Terry like swimming? No, he doesn't.

6. Does Phil like soft drinks? No, she does not.

7. Does Sheila like salad? Yes, I do.

8. Do you like Chinese food? No, I don't.

A little.

Sample Conversations :
1. Do you like basketball?

Yes I do./ No, I don't.

2. What kind of food do you like?

I like Italian food.

Conversation practice:
1. With a partner, practice asking and answering questions about sports, activities, or food that
you like/don't like.

2. Talk about what your friends like/don't like.

Example: Does Kindra like bowling? No. She doesn't.

What kinds of food does Sam like?

He likes meat and potatoes.*

3. Talk about movies or music that you like.

*Note:
When speaking generally, it's easiest to use plurals with count nouns:

Example:

I like apples. (count - plural)

I don't like radishes. (count -plural)

I don't like soda pop. (non-count)

Talking about Feelings/Health Issues

Here are some sentences and expressions for talking about feelings and health issues.
See also: Free-English-Study: Talking about Feelings/Health
Click Here for Audio

How's the weather today? It's really cold. Let's stay inside.

How do you feel? I'm fine. That's good.

How are you feeling? Not too good. Sorry to hear that.

Is everything okay? I feel sick. That's too bad.

What's wrong? I have a headache. Here's some aspirin

What's the matter? My leg hurts. Let me help you.

Are you all right? I cut my hand. That looks serious.

What happened? He broke his arm. Call 911!

Conversation Practice
1. Ask your partner how he/she feels. Respond appropriately.

Examples
How are you feeling today?
Not very good. I have a headache.
That's too bad.

How do you feel today?

Great. How about you?
Pretty good.

2. Pretend you (or a friend) are hurt or injured.

Tell your classmates about it.

Examples
I hurt my elbow.
Are you all right?
I think so.

Ouch! I cut my finger.

Please be more careful.

Ronnie fell down and broke his arm!

Call an ambulance!

Closing a Conversation
Before closing

It's been nice talking to you.

Nice talking to you too.

(I'm sorry, but) I have to go now.

Closing

Good-bye

Bye.

See you later.

See ya

(informal)

Catch you later

(informal)
Expressing Thanks
Expressing Thanks

Thanks

Thank you

I appreciate it.

Thanks for the tour.

Thanks for your time.

Thank you for the nice gift.

I appreciate your kindness.

Conversation Practice
1. How would you express thanks in the following situations?

a. Someone just gave you a gift for your birthday.

(What do you say?)

Example,
"Thank you so much. I really like it!"

b. Someone has just bought dinner for you.

c. Someone returned your lost wallet.

d. Someone helped carry your grocery bags.

e. Someone complimented you on your necktie.

2. Role play the above situations with a partner.

Contractions
Here are some phrases and expressions using contractions in English.
See also: Free-English-Study: Contractions
Click for Audio

In speaking, contractions are often used in place of auxiliary verbs such as is, are, am, will, have,
has, had, and would.

See the following examples:

Contracted
Regular
I'm British.
I am British.
He's Chinese.
He is Chinese.
They're Italians.
They are Italians.
There's a man at the door.
There is a man at the door.
Where's the butter?
Where is the butter?
What's he doing?
What is he doing?
Who's that?
Who is that?
She's going to the beach.
She is going to the beach.
We're going to eat now.
We are going to eat now.
They're not ready yet.
They are not ready yet.
I'll be back in a minute.
I will be back in a minute.
There'll be lots of food.
There will be lots of food.
I've seen that movie already.
I have seen that movie already.
She's finished her homework.
She has finished her homework.
I'd played that game before.
I had played that game before.
We'd be glad to help.
We would be glad to help.
They'd like to go now.
They would like to go now.

Conversation Practice
Practice making contractions and using them in conversation.

1. Ask yes/no questions using "be" verbs.

Have your partner answer in a complete sentences, using contractions.

Example
Is Jessica married?

No she isn't. She's single.

Are the clothes dry yet?

No, they aren't. They're still wet.

2. Ask questions in the present progressive tense.

Have your partner answer in complete sentences, using contractions.

For example,
Is Jonathan doing his homework?

No, he's outside. He's playing football.

(Variation)

Where's Cody?
He's riding his horse.

*3. Talk about future plans. Use "be going to" with contractions.

For example,
What're you going to (gonna) do this weekend?

I'm going to (gonna) see a movie. How 'bout you?

We're going to (gonna) have a party.

Sounds like fun.

Telling Time

hat time is it?

7:00   It's seven o'clock.   It's seven p.m. / a.m.

12:00 It's twelve o'clock. It's noon / midnight.

3:10 It's three ten. It's ten (minutes) after three.

7:14 It's seven fourteen. It's fourteen after seven.

9:15 It's nine fifteen. It's (a) quarter after nine.

1:21 It's one twenty-one It's twenty-one minutes past one.

11:05 It's eleven oh five. It's five after eleven.

2:09 It's two oh nine. It's nine minutes past two.

6:30 It's six thirty. It's half past six.

4:50 It's four fifty. It's ten minutes to five.

10:45 It's ten forty-five. It's quarter to eleven.

8:35 It's eight thirty-five. It's twenty-five minutes to nine.

Making Suggestions
I think you should . . .

I don't think you should . . .

Why don't you . . .

Why don't we . . . (do something together)

Let's . . .

That's a good idea.

1. I think you should buy the blue one.
Thanks for the advice, but I really need the
2. I don't think you should sell your car.
money.
3. Let's go bowling tonight.
Sorry, I can't. I'm meeting a friend for dinner.
4. Why don't we go skiing on Saturday?
Sounds like a good idea. Where do you want to
go?
5. Why don't you come with me to
China?
Thanks, but I've already been there.

Speaking Situations: Making Suggestions

I think you should. . .

I don't think you should. . .

Maybe you should. . .

Why don't you. . .

Why don't we. . .

Let's. . .
That's a good idea.

Thanks for the advice.

Good suggestion.

Sounds like a good idea.

Conversation Practice
With a partner, practice making suggestions in the following situations:

1. Help your partner decide which item to buy.

2. Warn your partner against doing something.

3. Suggest that your partner change his/her plans.

4. Help your partner make up his/her mind.

5. Suggest doing an activity together.

Sample conversations:
A: Should I buy the Porsche or the Ferrari?

B: I think you should buy the Ferrari.

A: Why is that?

B: Because I'd like to borrow it.

A: Why don't you give Daphne a call?

B: Good idea. I haven't seen her for awhile.

A: Maybe you should ask her out.

B: Hmmm. I'll think about it.

Asking for Repetition

Excuse me?

Could you repeat that?

Could you say that again?

What did you say?

What was that (again)?

Did you say . . . ?

I'm sorry. I didn't catch that.

See also:
Free-English-Study: Asking for Repetition

What did you say your name was? It's Cathy Henderson.

Did you say Andersen or Henderson? Henderson, with an H.

Is "Cathy" spelled with a C or a K? It's C as in Cadillac.

And what was your address again? 72 West Sunshine Blvd., Suite 501.

Sorry, I didn't catch the last part. Do you want me to repeat it?

I can't hear you very well. Maybe you should turn down the radio

Speaking Situations: Asking for Repetition

Excuse me? (said like a question)

Pardon me? (rising intonation)

What did you say (your name was)?

Did you say . . . ?

Can you repeat that?

Could you say that again please?

What was that again?

Sorry, I didn't catch that.

Could you speak up please?

Could you speak a little louder?

Conversation Practice
1. Pretend you are being introduced to someone at a party.

The music is very loud, and you can't hear your partner clearly.

Example,
What did you say your name was?

Cindy Carton.

Did you say Sidney or Cindy?

Cindy, like the famous model.

2. Pretend your partner is applying for a passport.

Ask him/her for personal information*

(name, birth date, address, telephone number, etc.)

Then practice asking for repetition.

For example,
What is your date of birth?

August 15, 1981.

Did you say August 16th?

No, August 15th.

*Since this is a "role play," you don't have to use actual (real) information.

You may "make up" dates, numbers, etc

Speaking Situations: Expressing Possiblity

May

Might

Can

Could

Maybe

Perhaps

Probably

1. We can stay here for the evening.
2. I may be in California next Monday.
3. She might not make it to the
wedding.
I'd rather not. It's only a few more hours (of
driving).
Well, let me know what you decide.
That's too bad. I hope she feels better soon.

4. We could go (and) see a movie. That would be fun.

  Or we could go out for ice cream.

Basic Modals
Modal auxiliary verbs are used to moderate the main verb, that is to enhance or restrict the verb
to a certain context.

The most common modal auxiliaries in English are:

 

can may might must

could should will would

Notice the usage of modals in the following sentences:

I pay my taxes.  General declaration of fact. Paying taxes is something I normally do.
I can pay my taxes.  Expresses ability. I have the means (funds) to pay.
I might pay my  Expresses possibility, but not certainty. Maybe I will pay; maybe I won't.
taxes.
I will pay my taxes.  Expresses future intent. I resolve to do it at some later time.
I should pay my  Expresses mild obligation. It is required, and I expect to comply.
taxes.
I could pay my  Expresses possibility. If I have nothing else to do with the money, I might
taxes. pay taxes.
I would pay my  (In this case), expresses reservation. If I had the money (but I don't). . .
taxes.
I must pay my  Expresses strong obligation. I am required and have to comply.
taxes.

Modals are followed by only the base form of the verb and
are not used alone unless there is a clear connection to a
main verb.
He must to finish his homework. WRONG

He must finish his homework. RIGHT

Jack could heard the bell. WRONG

 
Jack could hear the bell. RIGHT

Penny will going to the movie. WRONG

Penny will go to the movie. RIGHT

There are many ways to make requests in English. The most common involves using the
imperative and modals. See the examples below:

Using the Imperative

The imperative is the simple form of the verb. The
subject of an imperative sentence is understood as "you" although it is usually not spoken.

Open the door. (You) open the door.

Will you help me? Yes, I will (help you).

 
Pick up your toys. (You) pick up your toys.

Please help me. (You) please help me.

The imperative is often used by persons of authority when speaking to subordinates, e.g. parent
to child.

Using Modals
To show respect and politeness, most people use modal
expressions when making requests. For example:

Will you...?  Will you open the door for me?

Would you...? Would you open the door for me?

Would you please...? Would you please open the door (for me)?

Could you (please)...? Could you (please)...? Could you (please) open the door?

Could you possibly...? Could you possibly open the door?

Would you kindly...? Would you kindly open the door?

Would you mind (Ving )...? Would you mind opening the door?

Would you be so kind as to...? Would you be so kind as to open the door?

Common Problems with Modals

1. Using "to" unnecessarily:

Incorrect Correct

They going to meet us at the theater. They are going to meet us at the theater.

He should to eat his dinner.   He should eat his dinner.

I had better to go now. I had better go now.

You must not to use that pencil. You must not use that pencil.

2. Using anything but the base form after a modal:

John could heard the bell. John could hear the bell.
 
Penny will going to the movie. Penny will go to the movie.

3. Using double modals:

You should ought to speak English. You ought to speak English. /should speak
 
She might can help me. She might be able to help me.

4. Omitting "be" in certain modal expressions:

They going to meet us at the theater. They are going to meet us at the theater.
 
Jack supposed to take his medicine. Jack is supposed to take his medicine.
5. Using wrong word order in questions:

How I can help you? How can I help you?

 
Where I should go for the meeting? Where should I go for the meeting?

Common Modal Usage

Using Simple Tenses and Modals

To state facts
Present Past Modal
Lions live in Africa. Dinosaurs roamed the earth for Mr. Jones can juggle.
millions of years.
Water consists of hydrogen My grandmother passed away last He couldn't swim at
and oxygen. March. age 10.

To express opinions
(I think) smoking is a
disgusting habit.
The Internet is more useful
than the library.
I think it was a beautiful
concert.
That was delicious. Gambling should be
banned in the US.
I thought she gave an excellent He must really like ice
performance. cream.
You should have left
earlier.

To indicate actions which occur every day or on a regular

basis
I get up at 7:30 every day. When I was in high school, I got I have to be at the
up at 6:30. office at 7.
My father drives to work on My mother rode the bus until she They used to take the
Tuesdays. bought a car. subway.

With frequency adverbs

Jerry always comes to At camp, she usually ate breakfast You should never be late
class on time. before 7:00. for work.

Using Modals in various situations

Asking
Requesting Possibility Hinting Other
Permission
I can use some I can help
Can you help me? Can I help you?
help. you.
Could you help Could I help I could use some I could help
me? you? help. you.
 I may help
May I help you? I may need some
you.
help. (probably)
I might help
I might need some
you
help. (probably)
Will you help I will help
I will need some
me? you.
help. (most likely)
Would you help I would need some I would help
me? help. you.
(I guess I probably
can't
do it by myself.)
Would you mind
Would you mind
if
helping me? I helped you?

Talking about Abilities

Can - I can swim 100 meters.

Do - Do you cook? Yes I do.

Be good at. - He's good at ping pong.

Know how to - You really know how to throw a party.

1. Can you play the piano? Yes, but not very well.

2. How about the guitar? (I can play) a little.

3. Can Billy ride a bike? No, he can't. He's too young.

4. Does Abby speak Mandarin? Yes, she speaks very well.

5. Do you sing? Not really. I have no talent in that area.

6. Is Connie good at dancing? Yes, she's a great dancer.

7. Do you know how to use a computer? Of course!

Speaking Situations: Talking about Abilities

Conversation Practice
1. Ask your partner or classmates about their talents and abilities.

For example,
Can you play a musical instrument?*

Yes, I play the trumpet.

How well do you play?

So-so.

Do you ski?*

No, I don't.

How about other winter sports?

I love to play ice hockey.

*The difference between can and do here is very slight.

"Can" focuses on ability, whereas "do" indicates regular activity.

2. Tell your classmates about your best friend's talents or interests.

For example,

My best friend is an artist. He's really good at painting.

In fact, one of his drawings won a blue ribbon at the county fair.

He also knows how to do sculpture and ceramics.

Asking for Directions

Where is (the) . . . ? (This is also used in asking about location.)

How do you get to (the) . . . (from here)?

How do I get to (the) . . . ?

Can you tell me how to get to (the) . . . ?

Can you give me directions to (the) . . . ?

What's the best way to get to (the) . . . ?

1. Excuse me. Is there a grocery store around here?

Yeah. There's one right across the street.

2. Can you tell me how to get to Phoenix?

Sorry. I don't live around here.

3. Where's Tanner's Leather Shop?

It's on the corner of Holly and Vine. Next to the library.

4. How do you get to the bank?

Go straight down this street for two blocks. Turn left when you get to Maple Street. Stay on
Maple for half a block. It's on the left hand side.
Giving Directions
(First,) go down this street (for ____ blocks).

(Then,) turn left/right at the traffic light.

(After that,) go straight on _____ Street until you get to the ______.

(When you get to the _____,) turn left/right again.

(Then,) stay on_______Avenue for about _______ yards/meters.

It's on your left, next to the __________. You can't miss it!

1. Excuse me. Is there a grocery store around here?

Yeah. There's one right across the street.

2. Can you tell me how to get to Phoenix?

Sorry. I don't live around here.

3. Where's Tanner's Leather Shop?

It's on the corner of Holly and Vine. Next to the library.

4. How do you get to the bank?

Go straight down this street for two blocks. Turn left when you get to Maple Street. Stay
on Maple for half a block. It's on the left hand side.

Asking about Place/Location

Where is the bank?
It's on Main Street.
It's next to the post office.
It's between the bakery and the barber shop.

It's on the corner of Ninth Street and Pine (Street).

Where's Lagoon?
It's in Davis County, near Kaysville.
It's on I-15, between Farmington and Kaysville.
It's ten miles north of Salt Lake City.

Directions

How do you get to the sporting goods store?

(on foot)
First, go down State Street until you get to 4th South.
Then, turn left.
Then, go down 4th South for three blocks.
It's on the right side of the street next to Wendy's.

(by car)

Take State Street to 4th South.

At 4th South, turn left.
Stay on 4th South for about three blocks.
The sporting goods store will be on the right, next to Wendy's.

How do you get to (your house in) Lehi?

Take I-15 south about 20 miles.
After you cross the mountain, watch for the signs to Lehi.
Take the first Lehi exit.
When you get off the freeway, make a right turn at the stop sign.
Follow the road (15th East) for five blocks.
Make a left turn on Royal Drive.
Continue on Royal Drive until you see the big oak tree.
My house is on the left hand side.
It's a two-story, red brick house with a large front yard.
You can't miss it!

Agreeing and Disagreeing

Agreeing
I agree.

So do I.

Me too.

Me neither. (Agreeing about a negative idea.)

I don't either. (Agreeing about a negative idea.)

You're right.

That's right.

Good idea.

I think that's a good idea.

Disagreeing
I disagree.

I don't think so.

(No.) That's not right.

Yes, but...

(I'm sorry, but) I don't agree.

Situations: Agreeing/Disagreeing

Postive Agreement
If you agree with someone about an opinion, you can simply say "I agree" or "You're right."

For example,
A: I think we need more time.

B: I agree. / You're right.

The words "so" and "too" are often used in expressions of positive agreement.

Note that "too" usually comes at the end of the sentence, and "so" at the beginning.

Remember to use "question order" with so.

For example,
A: I'm in a hurry.

B: So am I. / I am too. / Me too.

A: I need to go to the bathroom.

B: So do I. / I do too. / Me too.

Negative Agreeement
For negative agreement, use neither in place of "so," and either in place of "too."

For example,
A: I'm not hungry.

B: Neither am I. / I'm not either.*

A: I don't have enough money anyway.

B: Neither do I. / I don't either.*

These expressions can also be used in the second or third person:

They're from Luxembourg.

So are we. / We are too.

Todd doesn't like spaghetti.

Neither does Louise. / Louise doesn't either.*

*Note that neither is used with "positive" verbs and either is used with "negative" verbs.

When no verb is used in negative agreements, "neither" is more common:

Neither do I.

I don't either.

Me neither.

Disagreeing
To express disagreement, you may simply say "I disagree" or "I don't think so." For example,

A: I think John Doe would make a great President.

B: I disagree. / I don't think so.

You may also disagree by stating the opposite opinion, sometimes stressing a word for
emphasis.

A: I don't like chocolate ice cream.

B: Well, I do. / Well, I do.

Conversation practice
Make simple statements about the following and have a

partner agree or disagree with you. Then switch roles.

1. Talk about today's weather.

2. Say what foods you like best.

3. Tell what you think about smoking.

4. Give an opinion about a current politician.

5. State your ideas about a controversial topic.

Telephone Talk
In the sample conversations below, R is the "Receiver" and C is the "Caller."

Conversation 1
Rrrrring.

R: Hello.

C: Hello. Is Steve there?

R: I'm sorry. He's not here right now.

C: What time will he be back?

R: Around five thirty.

C: This afternoon?

R: Yes. May I ask who's calling?

C: This is his friend, Greg.

R: Okay. I'll tell him you called.

C: Thanks.

Conversation 2
Rrrrrring.

R: Tyler residence.

C: Is this Naomi?

R: No, this is her sister, Nancy.

C: You sure sound like Naomi.

R: Oh. Can I take a message?

C: Sure. Please tell her that Andy called.

R: Okay. I'll give her the message.

C: Thanks.

R: Bye.

Conversation Starters
General greetings and inquiries
How's it going? (This means "How are you?" not "Where are you
going?")
How's everything?

How's life?
Asking about present activities
(What are you doing now?)
What's up?

What's happening?
Asking and telling about recent events
(What interesting has happened since I last saw you?)
What's new?
(I want to tell you something. Ask me about it.)
Guess what? (The appropriate response to this is "What?")
A: Guess what? B: What?

A: I just got a new job. B: Congratulations!

Bringing up a serious topic

Can I talk to you for a minute?

Do you have a minute?

Got a minute?

Rejoinders
Rejoinders are quick responses to show that you are
interested or paying attention.

(Oh) Really?

That's interesting.

Is that right?

Note how rejoinders are used in the following situations.

1. I just got a new job. Oh really? That's great!

2. I lost my wallet yesterday. Oh really? That's too bad.

Rejoinders may also take the form of follow-up questions.

Note how they are used in the following situations.

1. I just bought a new car. You did?

2. Johnny is in the hospital. He is?

3. I'm going to Hawaii. You are?

Asking for and Giving Advice

Asking for Advice

What do you think I should do?

What do you suggest?

What would you do (in this situation)?

Giving Advice
I think you should get a lawyer.

Maybe you should try someplace else.

Why don't you call the company?

If I were you, I would tell her.

Accepting and Refusing

Accepting and refusing politely may depend on what you are asked. For example

Would you like some cake?

Yes, please. No, thank you

Sure. Thanks I'd better not.
Okay. Thank you No, but thanks for offering.

Would you like to go see a movie?

Okay. Sounds good. No, I'd rather not.

Sure. I'd love to. I'm sorry, but I can't.
Yeah. Good idea No, but thanks for inviting me.

How about some more pie?

All right. Thanks No, thanks.

Looks good. Thanks I'm really full. Thanks anyway.
Don't mind if I do. Looks delicious, but I'll have to pass.
How about going skiing this weekend?

Great. What time? Sorry. I'm busy this weekend.

Sounds like fun. I don't think I can.
All right. When and where? How about some other time?

Expressions for Description

Sentences:

It is . . .

This is something . . .

It's something that you . . .

You can (verb) it.

You can (verb) with it.

You can use it to (verb).

It is used for V + ing.

You need it for V + ing.

You need/use it when . . .

If you want/need to (verb), then you can . . .

Questions:

Is it . . . ?

What do you do with it?

What is it made of?

What is it used for?

What's the difference between A and B?

Clarifying
Clarifying your own ideas
In other words,

What I mean is . . .

What I'm trying to say is . . .

What I wanted to say was . . .

To clarify,

Asking for Clarification

What do you mean (by that)?

What are you trying to say?

What was that again?

Could you clarify that?

Clarifying another's ideas

You mean . . .

What you mean is . . .

What you're saying is . . .

(I think) what she means is . . .

What he's trying to say is . . .

If I understand you, (you're saying that . . . )

If I'm hearing you correctly,

So, you think (that) . . .

So, your idea is . . .

Interrupting
Interrupting politely
Excuse me,

Pardon me,

Sorry to interrupt,

May I interrupt (for a minute)?

Can I add something here?

I don't mean to intrude, but . . .

Could I inject something here?

Do you mind if I jump in here?

Getting back to the topic

Anyway,

Now, where was I?

Where were we?

What were you saying?

You were saying . . .

To get back to . . .

Giving Instructions

Asking for Instructions

How do you (do this)?

How do I . . . ?

What is the best way to . . . ?

How do I go about it?

What do you suggest?

How do you suggest I proceed?

What is the first step?

Giving Instructions
First, (you) . . .

Then, (you) . . .

Next, (you) . . .

Lastly, (you) . . .

Sequencing
Before you begin, (you should . . .)

The first thing you do is . . . .

I would start by . . .

The best place to begin is . . .

To begin with,

Starting out
After that,

The next step is to . . .

The next thing you do is . . .

Once you've done that, then . . .

When you finish that, then . . .

Continuing
The last step is . . .

The last thing you do is . . .

In the end,

When you've finished,

When you've completed all the steps,

Finishing
Checking for Understanding
(Do you) know what I mean?

Do you know what I'm saying?

Do you understand?

Are you following me?

Are you with me (so far)?

Have you got it?

Any questions?

Got it?

Showing Understanding
I see.
I understand.

I get it./I got it.

Gotcha. (Informal)

Expressing Lack of Understanding

I don't get it.

(I'm sorry.) I don't understand.

What do you mean?

I'm not following you.

I don't quite follow you.

I'm not sure I get what you mean.

What was that again?

Simple Presentations

Introduction
(Good morning, afternoon, evening)

I'm happy to be here.

I'm glad to have this opportunity to . . .

Today, I'd like to talk (to you) about . . .

My topic today is . . .

The focus of my remarks is . . .

I'd like to share some thoughts on (topic)

Main points
Let me start by . . .

First, let me tell you about . . .

I've divided my topic into (three) parts: (They are . . .)

Giving examples
For instance,

Let me illustrate,
To illustrate,

Conclusion
In conclusion,

To conclude,

To summarize,

To sum up,

Contrasting
On the other hand,

However,

Yes, but . . .

You may be right, but . . .

I may be wrong, but . . .

Correct me if I'm wrong, but . . .

On the contrary,
(Be careful with this one. It appears to be a direct negation of what was just stated, but can
actually be an emphatic reaffirmation of one's own opinion. For example: It's not hot. On the
contrary, it's cold.??Not hot? and ?cold? mean the same thing.)

Discussion Techniques

Opening a discussion
To begin with,

We need to discuss . . .

determine
find out

Let's start by (V ing)

We'll start by (V ing)

The problem here is . . .

issue
question
The important thing (here) is . . .

The main thing we need to discuss is . . .

Let's look at . . .

It looks like . . .

It appears that . . .

Asking for input

What do you think?

How about you?

How do you feel about that?

Any ideas on that?

Responding
That sounds like a) good idea.

Sounds good.

The problem with that is . . .

That raises the issue of . . .

brings up

Tag Questions
ag questions are used when seeking confirmation of what
one believes to be true. They restate, in question form, the
previously spoken sentence. For example,

He is an engineer. Isn't he? (Positive statement, negative tag)

They're not from Colorado. Are they? (Negative statement, positive tag)

Zack is really tired. Isn't he? (Positive statement, negative tag)

She is going to Taiwan, isn't she? (Positive statement, negative tag)

You have never been to Las Vegas. Have you? (Negative statement, positive tag)

The Rays are playing the Jays. Aren't they? (Positive statement, negative tag)
You went to the supermarket. Didn't you? (Positive statement, negative tag)

Zane doesn't live in Missouri. Does he? (Negative statement, positive tag)

Ms. Zeller has a new car. Doesn't she? (Positive statement, negative tag)

In tag questions, the corresponding pronoun and the first

verb of the corresponding yes/no question are used. Also,
notice that with positive statements, negative tag questions
are used and vice versa. See also: Grammar: Yes/No
Questions
Common mistakes:

You are the zookeeper. Yes (Incorrect)

You're the zookeeper. Aren't you? (Correct)

You come from Canada. No? (Incorrect)

You come from Canada. Don't you? (Correct)

You're the boss. Are you? (Incorrect-in most situations)

You're the boss. Are you? (Correct)

Simon is from Singapore. Isn't it? (Incorrect)

Simon is from Singapore. Isn't he? (Correct)

Some modals can be used in tag questions: can, will, would, could, should and must.

Mr. James will be at the ceremony. Won't he?

They couldn't do it. Could they?

Note:
When the subject is ?I? and the statement is in present tense, aren't is commonly used for tag
questions.

I'm the winner. Aren't I? (Common usage)

I'm the winner. Am I not? (Formal)

REQUESTING
(Simple imperative verb): - Help me.*

Please + verb (more polite) - Please help me.

Can you . . . ? - Can you help me?

Will you . . . ? - Will you help me?

Could you (please) . . . ? - Could you help me?

Would you (please). . . ? - Would you please help me?

Would you mind (V+ing) . . . ? - Would you mind helping me?

Could you possibly . . . ? - Could you possibly help me out here?

(very polite) Would you be so kind as to . . . ? - Would you be so kind as to help me (with this)?

See also:
Free-English-Study: Requesting

1. Give me a paper towel. Here you are.

2. Please mail this letter for me. Okay. I'll stop by the post office on my way home.

3. Would you please turn down that music? Sorry. Is it bothering you?

4. Will you type my term paper for me? Sure. When do you need it?

5. Would you give me a ride home? Sorry. I'm not going in that direction.
(Could you . . .)

PRACTICING REQUESTING

Can you

Could you

Will you

Would you

Would you mind V+ing

Conversation practice
Requesting is very similar to asking for favors.
(Click here for additional phrases and practice.)
In most cases, when you ask someone to do something for you,
it is important to use an introductory phrase to soften the request.

For example,
Lend me your umbrella! (too abrupt; sounds rude)

Excuse me, could you lend me your umbrella? (more polite)

Help me fix my car. (sounds too demanding)

Sorry to bother you. I'm having trouble with my car.

Would you mind helping me for a minute? (better)

Role play the following situations with a partner.

Include details and give a variety of responses.

1. Ask your partner to repeat something.

2. Ask your partner to help you with your homework.

3. Ask your partner to "give you a lift" to school.

4. Ask your partner to donate money to charity.

5. Ask your partner to baby sit your children.

6. Ask your partner to clean up the mess.

7. Ask your partner to take notes for you in class.

PARAPHRASING
Paraphrasing involves restating someone else's ideas in your own words.

There are several phrases that can be used to introduce paraphrasing:

So . . . (rephrase the other person's ideas)

In other words . . . (paraphrase)

I understand. (You're saying that . . .)

Oh. I see. (You want to say that . . . )

I get it. (You mean . . .)

So, what you mean is . . .

Let me see if I understand you correctly. . .

What I think you're saying is . . .

If I'm hearing you correctly . . .

ELABORATING EXPRESSION

Asking for Elaboration

Could you elaborate (on that)?

Could you tell me a little more about it?

Could you give (me) some details?

Could you fill me in on that?

Could you expound on that?

What else can you tell us (about that)?

Is there anything else you can tell us?

Is there more to it?

Elaborating
To elaborate,

To give you more information,

Let me explain.

Let me elaborate.

Let me tell you a little more (about it).

Let me give you some details.

What's more,

INTERRUPTING
Interrupting politely
Excuse me,

Pardon me,

Sorry to interrupt,

May I interrupt (for a minute)?

Can I add something here?

I don't mean to intrude, but . . .

Could I inject something here?

Do you mind if I jump in here?

Getting back to the topic

Anyway,

Now, where was I?

Where were we?

What were you saying?

You were saying . . .

To get back to . . .

COMMENTING
If you would like to make a comment or insert a remark in an ongoing conversation, it is polite
to acknowledge what someone has just said before stating your own ideas.

Some phrases

That's interesting. I think that...

Interesting point. I would add...

Hmmm. I hadn't thought of that before.

Questions can also be a useful way of bringing new ideas into a conversation:

What do you think about . . .

Have you considered . . .

What about . . .

Sometimes a more direct approach is appropriate:

Can I add something here?

(Do you) mind if I interject something here?

INVITING
Do you want to . . .

Do you wanna . . . (informal)

Would you like to . . . (more polite)

How about (V+ing) ?

How would you like to . . .

1. Do you want to dance?

No thanks. I'm kind of tired right now
2. Would you like to go hiking this
Sure, I'd love to. What time should we meet?
weekend?
Ah. Can I get back to you on that?
3. How about going swimming on Friday?
Sounds like a great idea. Where do you want to
4. How would you like to play golf
go?
tomorrow?

Speaking Situations: Inviting

Phrases for these situations

Do you want to / wanna (very informal)

Would you like to

Will you . . . (with me)

How about V+ing

How would you like to

I was wondering if you would (like to)

I would like to invite you to (more formal)

Vocabulary for these situations

Conversation practice
When inviting someone to do something with you,

it is polite to "break the ice" before extending the invitation.

For example,
Will you go dancing with me on Friday? (too abrupt by itself)

(Give the other person time to "prepare" for your invitation.)

Do you have time on Friday?

Yes, I do. Why do you ask?

There's a dance at the Grand Ballroom.

Would you like to go with me?

Sure! I'd love to.

Role play the following situations with a partner.

Include details and give a variety of responses.

1. Invite your partner to go fishing this weekend.

2. Invite your partner to your home for dinner.

3. Invite your partner to see the circus.

4. Invite your partner to attend your violin concert.

5. Invite your partner to attend a political rally.

6. Invite your partner to your child's performance.

7. Invite your partner to your son's graduation party.

Permainan Sederhana Memulai Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris
Saya lebih suka menyebut permainan sebelum memulai pelajaran Bahasa Inggris sebagai Warming up.
Siswa perlu dipanaskan dulu agar siap menghadapi pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Warming up ini berguna
sekali untuk melatih fokus dan konsentrasi siswa. Selain itu menumbuhkan rasa senang terhadap
pembelajaran. Bagilah siswa menjadi 4 grup. Jika siswa satu kelas sebanyak 40 siswa. Maka tiap regu
terdiri 10 siswa. Paling gampang dengan membuat grup per deret. Beri nama masing-masing grup
dengan nama unik. Misalnya grup A diberi nama Crocodile, grup B Alligator, grup C Snake, dan grup D
Dragon. Bisa juga dengan deskripsi bagus seperti Sexy, Hotty, Crazy, Happy. Buatlah yel-yel. Misalnya
jika di sebutkan Crocodile, siswa harus membunyikan suara buaya: Aaaarg. Snake berbunyi mendesis:
ssssss. Panggil secara bergantian sampai siswa terlihat sumringah dan semangat.

Buatlah game sederhana. Jika pertemuan pertama bertema perkenalan, mainkan Chain Names. Nama
berantai. Andi, Iqbal, Leli, Icank, Katro dst. Setiap siswa menyebutkan nama, baris dibelakangnya harus
menyebut nama dengan huruf depan diambil dari huruf terakhir nama yang disebutkan baris depannya.
Setiap grup diberikan alat berupa kertas atau penghapus atau pensil. Selesai menyebutkan nama, benda
tersebut harus diberikan kepada baris berikutnya. Alat yang sampai di baris paling belakang terlebih
dahulu, maka grup tersebut mendapat poin. Ubahlah permainan setiap pertemuan. Cara paling mudah
adalah dengan mengikuti topik yang akan diajarkan. Jika topiknya buah-buahan, maka siswa harus
menyebutkan buah-buahan.

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Welcome to My Paradise

Come and a look out through my eyes And you Why people act this way People Thieving, fighting
,telling lies They’re criticize and each other Natures colors all have changes some how The seas are
brown the skies are thick and grey All of these things make me so down And think about finding my own
place *Bridge a place where we can and drink a place where we can some weed a place where there’s
no bull shit and everybody can **Reff Welcome to my paradise Where the sky so blue Where the
sunshine so bright Welcome to my paradise Where you can be Where the party never ending

BIG BIG WORLD

By: Emilia I'm a big big girl in a big big world It's not a big big if you leave me but I do do feel that I do do
will miss you much miss you much I can see the first leaf it's all yellow and nice It's so very cold outside
like the way I'm feeling inside I'm a big big girl in a big big world It's not a big big if you leave me but I do
do feel that I do do will miss you much miss you much Outside it's now and tears are falling from my
eyes why did it have to happen why did it all have to end I'm a big big girl in a big big world It's not a big
big if you leave me but I do do feel that I do do will miss you much miss you much I have your arms
around me Oh, like but when I open my eyes you're gone

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