Table 1
Intracerebral hemorrhage Subdural hematoma
Etiology Small penetrating artery rupture
RFx HTN →lipohyalinosis. AVM, amyloid
antipathy, vasculitis, neoplasm,
reperfusion injury
CT solitary hyperdense lesion
surrounded by hypodense edema
(most commonly within the basal
ganglia or internal capsule).
CP acute onset of severe headache,
vomiting, and focal neurologic
deficits (unilateral muscle
weakness and hyperreflexia)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Bridging veins rupture 🌉 Saccular (berry) aneurysm rupture 🫐 🕷
Head trauma, old age, cerebral AVM
atrophy, chronic alcoholism,
anticoagulation
crescent-shaped, concave focal or diffuse hyperdensity within the
hemorrhage that crosses suture lines. subarachnoid space
Acute-hyperdense, chronic-
hypodense
acute loss of consciousness followed sudden onset of severe headache (“worst
by severe headache, nausea, headache of my life”), nausea/vomiting,
vomiting, and impaired memory and and/or confusion, positive Kernig and/or
cognition to chronic, ↑ICP Brudzinski sign due to meningeal irritation.
1
 Epidural hematoma
Etiology Middle meningeal artery rapture

RFx Trauma

CT biconvex, hyperdense, sharply

demarcated lesion located between the
brain and the calvarium and limited by
suture lines
CP initial loss of consciousness after a
trauma, → lucid interval (temporary
regaining of consciousness), → renewed
decline in their mental status.