11.

42
Spam e-mail has become a serious and costly nuisance. An office manager believes that the average
amount of time spent by office workers reading and deleting spam exceeds 25 minutes per day. To test
this belief, he takes a random sample of 18 workers and measures the amount of time each spends
reading and deleting spam. The results are listed here. If the population of times is normal with a
standard deviation of 12 minutes, can the manager infer at the 1% significance level that he is correct?
35 48 29 44 17 21 32 28 34 23 13 9 11 30 42 37 43 48

mu 25 minutes
n 18
sigma 12 minutes
Alpha 0.01
X-bar 30.22222222
z 1.846334373
p-value 0.032421835

Can the manager infer at the 1% significance level that he is correct -No

12.4
a. The mean and standard deviation of a sample of 100 is x = 1500 and s = 300. Estimate the population
mean with 95% confidence.

X-bar 1500 n 100

s 300 s/sqrt(n) 30
Alpha 0.05
Alpha/2 0.025
t-alpha/2 1.984217
Upper confidence level 1440.473
Lower Confidence level 1559.527
b. Repeat part (a) with s = 200.

X-bar 1500 n 100

s 200 s/sqrt(n) 20
Alpha 0.05
Alpha/2 0.025
Z-alpha/2 1.984217
Upper confidence level 1460.31566
Lower Confidence level 1539.68434

c. Repeat part (a) with s = 100.

X-bar 1500 n 100

s 100 s/sqrt(n) 10
Alpha 0.05
Alpha/2 0.025
d.
Z-alpha/2 1.984217
Upper confidence level 1480.15783
Lower Confidence level 1519.84217

Discuss the effect on the confidence interval estimate of decreasing the standard deviation s.

As the standard deviation decreases, the Interval estimate narrows.