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Science 10 Q2 M7 ElectricMotorandGenerators v3 PDF
Science 10 Q2 M7 ElectricMotorandGenerators v3 PDF
Science
Quarter 2 – Module 7:
Electric Motors and Generators
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Science
Quarter 2 – Module 8:
Electric Motors and Generators
PAGE
COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LESSON 1: Electric Motor
What I Need to Know 1
What I Know 2
What’s In 5
What’s New 6
What is it 7
What’s More 8
What I Have Learned 9
What I Can Do 9
Assessment 10
Additional Activities 12
LESSON 2: Generator
What I Need to Know 13
What I Know 14
What’s In 16
What’s New 17
What is it 18
What’s More 20
What I Have Learned 21
What I Can Do 22
Assessment 23
Additional Activities 27
POSTTEST 26
ANSWER KEYS 30
REFERENCES 37
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module is about?
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Science 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Electric motors
and Generators.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public schools to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.
As a coach, you are expected to watch over and support your child throughout their
learning. The same way, parents can mentor and encourage the learners to learn
progressively and independently.
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How to Learn from this Module
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The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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1
Lesson
1 Electric Motor
Page 1
2
What I Know
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
3. Electric motors are devices that convert ___________energy into _____ energy.
A. electrical; mechanical
B. mechanical; electrical
C. chemical; potential
D. mechanical; kinetic
4. What two forces are required for generators and electric motors to work?
A. magnetism and thermal
B. electricity and thermal
C. electricity and magnetism
D. magnetism and radiant
5. What word best fits this definition: A device which converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy usually through the rotation of an electromagnet in the field of
stationary magnet.
A. armature
B. electromagnet
C. motor
D. system
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3
7. The contacts between the armature and the source of power in a motor.
A. electromagnet
B. ferromagnetic
C. force field
D. brushes
8. What is the part of a simple D.C motor that reverses the direction of current through
the coil every half-cycle
A. the armature
B. the brushes
C. the commutator
D. slip rings
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14. What would you call a nail that can pick up a paperclip because it is
touching a magnet?
A. Detector
B. Force
C. Poles
D. Temporary Magnet
N
Page 4
5
What’s In
Activity 1 Who am I
1. _____ A - MAGNET
C. GALVANOMETER
3. _______
N
North South
D. AMMETER
4._____
E.ELECTRIC MOTOR
5. _______
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Sample of your Activity Answer Sheet, make sure you write the lesson number and
activity number with the title. Answer sheet could be notebook or any clean sheet
of paper or bond paper.
Name;________________-
Lesson 1 : Activity 1 Who am I
Observation answer:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Do the next activity and try to understand the interaction between the magnetic field of the
permanent magnet and the magnetic field due to the current in the conductor.
What’s New
Dry cell
Paper clip Copper wire
http://ideas-inspire.com/simple-electric- motor/
Figure 2. A sample electric motor model using neodymium magnets.
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Questions:
What is It
Electric Motors
What is an electric motor? How does it work? An electric motor is a common type of machine
that is largely present in the machines that you have in your house. For example, the electric
motor used in an electric fan converse electrical energy to mechanical energy. Recall that a
generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. Therefore, an electric motor does
the opposite of what a generator does.
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PARTS OF BASIC DC MOTOR:
Figure 4: Basic DC MotorField: The magnetic field helps producing torque on the rotating armature
coil by virtue of Fleming’s left hand rule.
What’s More
1 dry cell +
_ Coil of wire 2 lengths of copper wire
2. Connect all the figures to each other and label every parts of your electric motor
Observation guide questions: Write your answer in your activity answer sheet
1. What other observations have you made regarding your electric motor model?
2. What will happen if the number of neodymium magnets used in the model is reduced?
Increased?
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What I Have Learned
Activity 4: Find Me……..
Objective: after performing this simple activity you should be able to:
1. Identify the different parts of electric motor
Direction:
1. Analyze the word puzzle and find the name of the parts of electric motor in the
puzzle including the name of device, there are five of them, find them in any order
2. Write the word being form from the puzzle in your activity answer sheet
R Y A C O P P E R W I R E
K M M O T O R D V J M L L
C A A E E L E C T R I C E
P M G A G L A T F E R V C
Q B N X U I M A W Q E R Y
E N E O D Y M I U M D F M
R A T G U L E A S F A E A
K M J B A T T E R Y M L L
What I Can Do
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Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Why does a compass always point north?
A. The needle is a magnet and it aligns itself with the Earth’s magnetic fields
B. Earth’s south pole does not have a magnetic pull
C. Earth is a magnet and it attracts all metallic object towards the north
D. All magnets have a north and south pole
2. A motor will make electrical energy change into.
A. Motion energy
B. Chemical energy
C. Mechanical energy
D. Nothing
3. What would you call a nail that can pick up a paperclip because it is touching a
magnet?
A. Detector
B. Force
C. Poles
D. Temporary Magnet
4. What is formed when a wire in an electric circuit is wrapped around an iron core
producing a magnetic field?
A. Electric motor
B. Electromagnet
C. Generator
D. Magnet
5. Magnets have a north and a south ______ .
A. color
B. pole
C. region
D. shape
6. Electric motors are devices that convert _______ energy into ______ energy.
A. electrical; mechanical
B. mechanical; electrical
C. chemical; potential
D. mechanical; kinetic
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7. When two magnets attract, they _______ .
A. Change Color
B. Get Colder
C. Pull Together
D. Push Apart
8. What two forces are required for generators and electric motors to work?
A. magnetism and thermal
B. electricity and thermal
C. electricity and magnetism
D. magnetism and radiant
9. What is magnetism?
A. a contact force
B. a force created by magnets
C. an invisible force that attracts electrically charged particles
D. energy created by magnets
10. What word best fits this definition: A device which converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy usually through the rotation of an electromagnet in the field of
stationary magnet.
A. armature
B. electromagnet
C. motor
D. system
11. Opposite poles ____.
A. are balanced
B. attract
C. push away
D. transfer electrons
12. The rotating part of a motor.
A. armature
B. brush
C. electromagnet
D. system
13. A magnet’s magnetic field exists ___.
A. around the entire magnet
B. on both poles
C. only on the north pole
D. only on the south pole
14. What is the part of a simple D.C motor that reverses the direction of current
through the coil every half-cycle
A. the armature
B. the brushes
C. the commutator
D. slip rings
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15. The contacts between the armature and the source of power in a motor.
A. electromagnet
B. ferromagnetic
C. force field
D. brushe
Additional Activities
Activity 6: Concept Map of Electric Motor
Objective: after doing this activity you should be able:
1. Describe the transformation of energy
2. Name at least 4 home appliances/ devices thus applied the principle of electric
motor
Procedures:
1. Copy the concept map in your activity answer sheet and fill up the missing words
and give 4 sample of home appliances on the circle.
ELECTRIC
MOTOR
it is device that
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Lesson
2 Generators
A generator is a device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical
energy. This are any machine that converts mechanical energy to electricity for transmission and
distribution over power lines to domestic, commercial and industrial customers. It also produces
the electrical power required for automobiles, aircraft, ships and trains.
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What I Know
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. In what way is a DC generator different from an AC generator?
A. The DC generator is operated by an applied voltage
B. A DC generator follow Faraday’s law while an AC generator works
according to Lenz’s law
C. A DC generator creates an electric current that flows in one direction while
the current produced in an AC generator flows in two direction alternately
D. A DC generator creates an electric current that flows in a definite direction
while the flow of current produced in an AC generator has no definite
direction.
2. A generator converts _______ into ______ .
A. Electrical energy; mechanical energy
B. Electromagnetic induction; electrical energy
C. AC; DC
D. Mechanical; electrical
3. All of the following are true about the strength of the magnetic field except _.
A. Induced voltage is greater when the magnetic field is stronger.
B. The strength of magnetic field increases as the number of loops of wire is
increased
C. The strength of magnetic field is independent of the speed of the rotation of
the coil
D. An increase in magnetic field yields more number of line of force cut by the
loops of conducting wire.
4. Electromagnetic induction was discovered by
A. Thomas Edison
B. Nikola Tesla
C. Benjamin Franklin
D. Michael Faraday
5. When the rate of motion of the same coil of wire is increased through the same
magnetic field, the wire will move across the magnetic lines _______.
A. faster, producing less induced current
B. slower, producing less induced current
C. faster, producing more induced current
D. slower, producing more induced current
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6. What basic principle enables ALL electric generators to operate?
A. A closed-loop conductor within a changing magnetic field will have an
induced electromotive force.
B. A current-carrying conductor placed within a magnetic field will experience a
magnetic force.
C. Iron is the only element that is magnetic.
D. Opposite electric charges attract and like charges repel.
7. The greater the number of loops in the coil of wire, the _____.
A. greater is the amount of heat produced
B. smaller the magnetic field around the wire
C. greater is the amount of induced voltage produced.
D. greater is the amount of friction which results in lower induced voltage.
8. In large generators in power plants rotate inside a coil of wire to produce an electric
current.
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Magnets
D. Circuits
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13. What two forces are required for generators and electric motors to work?
A. magnetism and thermal
B. electricity and thermal
C. electricity and magnetism
D. magnetism and radiant
14. What is the fan that turns the magnet inside a generator?
A. electromagnet
B. Turbine
C. solar panel
D. pinstock
15. What energy do you put in to a generator?
A. Mechanical
B. Electrical
C. thermal
D. potential
What’s In
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What’s New
Activity 1 Match Me
Objective: after performing this simple activity you should be able to:
1. Familiar some devices that are useful and related to generator
Procedures:
1. Read the description in column A and match with column B.
2. Write letter only for your answer in your activity answer sheet.
Column A Column B
1. Device used for detecting and indicating A. Ammeter
An electric current B. Voltmeter
2. Device that converts motive power C. Generator
(mechanical energy) into electrical power D. Galvanometer
3. Instrument used for measuring electric
Potential differences between two points in an
electric circuit
4. Instrument used to measure the current in a circuit
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What is It
Why do some big establishments like malls, hospitals and company offices have lights
even in the absence of electric power or occurrence of power failure? They have devices
called electric generators. An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical
energy to electrical energy by applying the principle of electromagnetic induction.
Figure 6: Generator
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As the loop of wire rotates through 180o, the induced voltage reverse and consequently
reverses the direction of the current. The direction of the induced current reverses every
half revolution of the wire (after every 180o turn of the loop of wire). This causes the
formation of AC. The slip rings always keep the wire connected to the same side of the
electric circuit. This mechanism causes the direction of the current to alternately change
its direction in the circuit.
A DC generator is almost the
same as an AC generator except that
the slip rings connected to the rotating
loop of wire or armature are replaced
by split rings or commutators. Each half
of the split ring is connected to one end
Figure 7: As the loop of wire rotates, induced voltage of the loop or armature terminals.
reverses resulting in an alternating current.
The current induced in the armature is still an alternating current but the split
ring makes the current flow into the external circuit in one direction. A more steady flow of
the induced current is produced by using many loops of wire wound on the armature
halves. The two brushes are always in contact with successive pairs of commutator
halves.
The two brushes keep the split ring’s surface clean, smooth, and protected by a fil of
carbon that helps maintain intimate contact throughout the operation of the generator.
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What’s More
Objective: after performing this simple activity you should be able to:
1. Extend inquiry thus Identify and describe the basic parts of a simple generator
model shown in the figure below.
Procedure:
1. Analyse the figure below
2. Write at least five parts of a simple generator, in your activity answer sheet
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What I Have Learned
Procedures:
1. Analyse the figure below between DC and AC Generator
2. Copy the Venn diagram in your activity answer sheet to show the difference and
similarities of DC and AC Generator
3. Write words or name of parts in the middle between the two circle their similarity,
while write their differences in their specific location
SIMILARITY
DC AC
Generator Generator
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What I Can Do
Description Analysis
An induced current is produces in an 1. What is being produce in an electric
electric current is produced in an electric current?
generator by rotating a wound coil (called A. DC - Direct Current
armature) in a stationary magnetic field B. AC- Alternating Current
C. IC- Induced Current
2. Which part of the generator will move
or rotate in a stationary magnetic field?
A. slip rings
B. armature
C. magnet
Generators may be classified as an AC 3. How does AC and DC generator
(Alternating Current) generator or a DC works?
(Direct Current) generator. Both or these A. it works like an electric motor
generators work in the same fundamental
B. it works in the same principle of
principle of Faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction Faradays law of electromagnetic
induction
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Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
A. mechanical
B. Electrical
C. thermal
D. Potential
6. All of the following are true about the strength of the magnetic field except _.
A. Induced voltage is greater when the magnetic field is stronger.
B. The strength of magnetic field increases as the number of loops of
wire is increased
C. The strength of magnetic field is independent of the speed of the
rotation of the coil
D. An increase in magnetic field yields more number of line of force cut
by the loops of conducting wire.
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7. Electromagnetic induction was discovered by
A. Thomas Edison
B. Nikola Tesla
C. Benjamin Franklin
D. Michael Faraday
8. When the rate of motion of the same coil of wire is increased through the same
magnetic field, the wire will move across the magnetic lines _______.
A. faster, producing less induced current
B. slower, producing less induced current
C. faster, producing more induced current
D. slower, producing more induced current
11. What two forces are required for generators and electric motors to work?
A. electricity and magnetism
B. electricity and thermal
C. magnetism and radiant
D. magnetism and thermal
13. The greater the number of loops in the coil of wire, the _____.
A. greater is the amount of friction which results in lower induced
voltage.
B. greater is the amount of heat produced
C. greater is the amount of induced voltage produced.
D. smaller the magnetic field around the wire
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14. All of the following are parts of an AC generator except ____.
A. magnets
B. slip rings
C. commutators
D. carbon brushes
15. In large generators in power plants ______ rotate inside a coil of wire to produce
an electric current.
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Magnets
D. Circuits
Additional Activities
Activity 5 Electromagnetism
Direction: Answer the following guide questions and write your answer in your
activity answer sheet.
2.____________
3.____________
A 4. ____________
5.______________
Part B Analysis
B
3. How these devices works or operate?
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Assessment: Unit Test
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Electric motors are devices that convert _______ energy into ______ energy.
A. electrical; mechanical
B. mechanical; electrical
C. chemical; potential
D. mechanical; kinetic
2. What two forces are required for generators and electric motors to work?
A. magnetism and thermal
B. electricity and thermal
C. electricity and magnetism
D. magnetism and radiant
3. What word best fits this definition: A device which converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy usually through the rotation of an electromagnet in the field of
stationary magnet.
A. armature
B. electromagnet
C. motor
D. system
5. The contacts between the armature and the source of power in a motor.
A. electromagnet
B. ferromagnetic
C. force field
D. brushes
6. What is the part of a simple D.C motor that reverses the direction of current
through the coil every half-cycle
A. the armature
B. the brushes
C. the commutator
D. slip rings
7. A magnet’s magnetic field exists ___.
A. around the entire magnet
B. on both poles
C. only on the north pole
D. only on the south pole
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8. Opposite poles ____.
A. are balanced
B. attract
C. push away
D. transfer electrons
9. What is magnetism?
A. a contact force
B. a force created by magnets
C. an invisible force that attracts electrically charged particles
D. energy created by magnets
14. When the rate of motion of the same coil of wire is increased through the same
magnetic field, the wire will move across the magnetic lines _______.
A. faster, producing less induced current
B. slower, producing less induced current
C. faster, producing more induced current
D. slower, producing more induced current
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16. The greater the number of loops in the coil of wire, the _____.
A. greater is the amount of heat produced
B. smaller the magnetic field around the wire
C. greater is the amount of induced voltage produced.
D. greater is the amount of friction which results in lower induced voltage.
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23. The greater the number of loops in the coil of wire, the _____.
A. greater is the amount of friction which results in lower induced
voltage.
B. greater is the amount of heat produced
C. greater is the amount of induced voltage produced.
D. smaller the magnetic field around the wire
25. In large generators in power plants_______ rotate inside a coil of wire to produce
an electric current.
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Magnets
D. Circuits
Essay:
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Answer Key
Lesson 1: Simple Electric Motors
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Answer Key Lesson 1
Activity 1’’ Who am I’’
1. E- Electric Motor
2. C- Galvanometer
3. D- Ammeter
4. A- Magnet
5. B- Baterry
+ -
Coil of wire copper wire
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Activity 4 ‘’ Find Me’’
R Y A C O P P E R W I R E
K M M O T O R D V J M L L
C A A E E L E C T R I C E
P M G A G L A T F E R V C
Q B N X U I M A W Q E R Y
E N E O D Y M I U M D F M
R A T G U L E A S F A E A
K M J B A T T E R Y M L L
In any order:
1. Copper Wire
2. Electric
3. Battery
4. Magnet
5. Neodymium
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Activity 6 Concept Map
ELECTRIC
MOTOR
it is device that
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Answer Key
Lesson 2: Generator
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Activity 3 ‘’ Venn diagram’’
Similarities between DC and AC Generator:
1. They have the same operation thus using the same principle of Faradays EMI-
Electromagnetic Induction
2. They have the same materials – magnet, coil, commutator, brush, galvanometer
Activity 5 ‘’ Electromagnetism’’
Part A
1. Radio
2. Television
3. Washing Machine
4. Electric fan
Part B
1. All devices given in part A
2. All devices given in part A
3. All of the devices uses electricity or battery and transform into different forms of
energy like sound, light, chemical and mechanical energy
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Answer Key
UNIT TEST
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References:
Department of Education - Learner’s Manual Science Grade 10, first edition, 2015
T. Religioso.et.al., you and the Natural World (Quezon City: Phoenix Bookstore,
2015) pp. 123-130.
H. Acosta, et al., (Science 10 Learners Material (Pasig City: Rex Bookstore, 2015)
pp. 299-319.
Websites:
http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity3.htm
http://explainthatstuff.com/electicmotors.html
http://alternativefuels.about.com/od/hybridvehicles/a/motorgenerator.htm
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