EMC Considerations For Electric Vehicle Applications - KEB America

22/10/2019 EMC considerations for Electric Vehicle applications | KEB America
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 Tony Heiser  Applications and How-Tos
Once upon a time, just about everything in a vehicle was mechanical, most Recent Posts
notably the combustion engine which provided power to other subsystems such
as pumps for power steering and compressors for air conditioning. But as
North
technology progressed and fuel consumption and emission standards became
American
more stringent, electric components started to take over. A prime example of this
Commerci
has been the use of computer-controlled fuel injection systems replacing
Vehicle
carburetors.
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Fast forward to the present where all-electric vehicles are rapidly on the rise with
2019
batteries replacing fuel systems, inverter-driven electric motors replacing the
engine and auxiliaries such as pumps and compressors, and an ever-important
vehicle control unit controlling it all. But, to make this new electrically-dense Mining
environment work properly, it is increasingly important to consider EMI and EMC the
in the design and layout of these systems. Benefits

with an
All-in-One
What is EMI and what are its or Multi-
effects? Axis
Auxiliary
Inverter
EMI is electromagnetic interference. There are two primary types of EMI,
radiated and conducted.
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Radiated and conducted emissions can cause interference
Radiated Emissions
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Radiated emissions (also known RFI, radio frequency interference) are
associated with the magnetic field generated by current flowing through a wire.
Like radio waves, radiated emissions can transcend space and be picked up by keb_america
other devices in proximity. The effect is that radiated emissions can induce fields
which can disrupt communication signals and/or negatively affect the operation of
the receiving devices themselves. Of particular concern would be the critical
vehicle control unit and CAN bus communication. Additionally, this can also limit
options to the spatial outlay of components.
Conducted Emissions
Conducted emissions, on the other hand, travel along a path such as a wire or
plane connecting devices. These emissions include transient current and voltage
from high frequency switching devices, such as the pulse-width modulation of
inverters, coupled through parasitic impedances. The effect is that with a path to
travel back to the DC grid, these conducted emissions can excite system
resonance points. This can lead to voltage or power peaks which may cause
damage or lead to reduced lifetime of other DC-connected devices. Conducted
emissions are of particular concern since the primary electric vehicle components
including the inverters, electric motors and power supply are all interconnected as
a path for conducted emissions.
What is EMC and why is it

important?
EMC is electromagnetic compatibility. That is, all devices in an electrical

environment should not adversely affect the operation of others. It is the golden
rule of electronics playing nice in the sandbox. This applies to all electronic
devices and is important because the ultimate goal is the reliable operation of the
system as a whole. To ensure this, there are international standards and type
approvals for components to ensure EMC homologation requirements are met.
Therefore, it is important to select components meeting EMC type standards such
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as ECE-R10 and CISPR 25.
…all devices in an electrical environment should not

adversely affect the operation of others. It is the
golden rule of electronics playing nice in the
sandbox…Therefore, it is important to select
components meeting EMC type standards such as
ECE-R10 and CISPR 25.
How can EMI be mitigated? Load More...
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Although EMC applies to all devices in a system, power electronics with high
Instagram
frequency transistor switching such as inverters for the propulsion traction motor
and auxiliaries are the primary producers of EMI in electric vehicle applications.
A good EMI mitigation solution goes both ways though…keeping internally

generated noise in and keeping externally generated noise out…and techniques
may depend on the source and type of emission.
DC Filtering
A DC choke is a good option for mitigating conducted emissions generated from

inverters. A DC choke allows low frequency DC voltages and currents to pass
through. This keeps in noise generated by the device from going out to the DC
grid. Blocking the harmful high frequency and leakage currents prevents harmful
or disruptive effects to other devices connected on the grid. Additionally, the
choke blocks noise from coming into the device from other external noise
sources.
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Shielded Motor Cables

The motor cables carrying high frequency switching power from an inverter to a
motor present a ripe source for transmitting radiated emissions. This noise can
possibly affect any device in the vicinity of the cable run, particularly other power
cables or low voltage communication signal cables running closely in parallel.
Braided shielding around the power conductors acts as a net to capture and
provide a low-resistance path to ground for the radiated electromagnetic
emissions generated by the current in the conductor. Likewise, it also acts as a
barrier to reflect any external emissions from being received. There are many
other considerations in selecting motor cables, but shielding is only effective as its
weakest link so shielded connectors and cable clamping also need consideration.
Shielded VFD cables like this example from Balden
Unshielded motor cables, on the other hand, can wreak havoc on low signal
vehicle communication signals and networks such as the CAN bus. Additionally,
unshielded motor cables can limit the distance between inverter and motor
putting. This puts additionally constraints on device layout such as needed to
distributing auxiliary inverters, which adds additional cabling costs and design
complexity.
What to look for in auxiliary

inverter design?
EMC design should be a priority and not an afterthought. Without proper

electromagnetic compatibility in vehicle electric systems, it is not a matter of “if”
EMI issues will arise but “when”… and can result troubleshooting headaches to
resolve and costly redesigns to root out. Therefore, it is important to consider
EMC at the design stage and likewise select system components which share this
philosophy.
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EMC Testing
KEB is a company experienced in the design of inverters and filter solutions for a
variety of specialized and high-tech applications across several industries. With
this experience in mind, the T6 inverter was specifically designed for controlling
the auxiliary motors (pumps, compressors, e-PTO, etc.) in commercial electric
and hybrid vehicles and providing EMC solutions has been part of the design
process from the start.
KEB’s testing chamber for EMC considerations for Electric Vehicle applications
Conclusion
Each T6 auxiliary inverter has an internally integrated DC common-mode EMC
filter as standard design and the T6 meets CE, ECE R10 (E1) and CISPR 25 type
standards for EMC and emissions as well as meeting even more stringent OEM
standards which can be tested in-house. KEB also sources high-quality DC and
motor cables and connectors, providing customers a ready-made solution.
In addition, the motor cables are tested and approved with the T6 for lengths up
to 30 meters. This allows users to leverage the benefits of a central, multi-axis
auxiliary inverter with a single DC input, coolant connection, and CAN ID as
opposed to individually distributed auxiliary inverters with parallel connections
which add to system cost, design complexity, and makes electromagnetic
compatibility of multiple devices more difficult to integrate into the system. The
KEB T6 auxiliary inverter provides an integrated system solution which is scalable
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from 1 – 6 inverter outputs in a single housing with three modular power stage
options (7.5 kW, 15 kW, 30 kW) for each output. With this flexibility and EMC
design, the T6 provides a reliable solution for a variety of EMC considerations in
Electric Vehicle applications. Commercial electric vehicles such as transit buses,
heavy-duty trucks, and refuse collection vehicles.
Interested in KEB’s automation technology? Contact a KEB

engineer today to discuss your application.
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22/10/2019 EMC considerations for Electric Vehicle applications | KEB America

HOME PRODUCTS APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGY KEB AMERICA

 Tony Heiser  Applications and How-Tos

in the design and layout of these systems. Benefits

What is EMC and why is it

EMC is electromagnetic compatibility. That is, all devices in an electrical

…all devices in an electrical environment should not

How can EMI be mitigated? Load More...

A good EMI mitigation solution goes both ways though…keeping internally

A DC choke is a good option for mitigating conducted emissions generated from

Shielded Motor Cables

Shielded VFD cables like this example from Balden

What to look for in auxiliary

EMC design should be a priority and not an afterthought. Without proper

Interested in KEB’s automation technology? Contact a KEB

HOME PRODUCTS APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGY KEB AMERICA

 Automation for Antenna Control Systems

Name* Email* Website

HOME PRODUCTS APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGY KEB AMERICA

5100 Valley Industrial Blvd S

Privacy © Copyright 2019, KEB America Inc.

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