Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Author
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education
: Princess L. Gamban
– Schools Division of Bataan
Office Address:Co-Aut hor – Language Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan
Editor : Jerry C. Perello
Telefax: Co-Author – Content (047) 237Evaluator-2102 : Ariel V. Sobrevilla
E-mail Address:Co-Auth or – Illustrator bataan@deped.gov.ph : Esmeralda B.
Tuyor
Co-Author – Layout Artist : Cherryl D. Cordova
Team Leaders:
School Head : Omar G. Magcalas
LRMDS Coordinator : Cherryl D. Cordova
ii
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
bystep as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
1
What I Know
A. Matching Type:
Directions: Match the terms in Column A with the descriptions in Column B.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
B. Multiple Choice:
Directions: Read and analyze the statements carefully. Write your answers on
a separate sheet of paper.
______12. Which of the following statements is not true about the characteristics
of a trend?
A. A trend makes considerable influence or impact.
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B. A trend is formed from non-repetitive actions of people.
C. A trend has a starting point which can be an idea, technology, event
or person.
D. A trend may be started by an individual, but the number of
followers increases in a certain period of time.
______13. A good number of Filipinos have migrated to the Middle East and the
US to seek greener pastures. This trend has continued because of
severe economic depression, political repression, and the lack of viable
job opportunities in the Philippines. Which of the following significant
social trends is being described in this given scenario?
A. the rise of OFWs
B. changing roles of women
C. religious fundamentalism
D. high overseas employment
______14. The current obsession with health and well-being is one of the positive
trends today. Which of the following practices is not a manifestation of
coping up with this given trend?
A. hair straightening and skin whitening as beauty regimen
B. the immensely popular application of meditation practices
C. organic farming as an alternative to synthetic and chemical-laden
products
D. exercise and extreme sports for those who can afford the luxuries
of enrolling in a gym or engaging in elite sports
______15. As the workforce continues to relocate across the country and out of
large cities, organizations will need to invest heavily in technology that
enables the future of remote work. While this trend continues, which
of the following predictions/inventions or events do you think is most
likely to happen?
A. People will come into the office less and potentially on a staggered
schedule.
B. Consumers will demand more than just a functional product from
technology brands.
C. Companies will need to optimize their in-office setups to make sure
that days in the office have collaboration benefits worth the cost of
a commute.
D. Technologies will impact our lives the most in the next year and
beyond and will enable people to shift into a new work-life balance
where they have more flexibility to choose when and where they do
either.
3
Lesson Understanding the Elements
1 and Characteristics of a
Trend
When you see cumulonimbus clouds suddenly formed within the horizon, you would
probably guess that a rain or thunderstorm is imminent. When rain comes moments
later, surely you would exclaim that you were right about your guess. You were able
to spot an incoming rain. That was about spotting an incoming rain, but, how about
a trend? Can you spot a trend? In the previous module, you were introduced to the
descriptions, definitions and distinctions between a trend and a fad. In this module,
you will learn to spot the elements of a trend, and what characterizes it from
microtrends and macrotrends at one end to megatrends and gigatrends at the other.
What starts as barely perceptible oscillations in our immediate environment may
become the great movements of history. The trick is to spot which ones will develop
and how far it will last. Some people like to categorize trends and a good place for
you is to start this hierarchy.
What’s In
Directions: Read and analyze the statements carefully. Identify whether the given
descriptions pertain to a trend or a fad. Write T for TREND and F for FAD. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
What’s New
Directions: Examine the pictures below. Describe each picture briefly. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
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What is It
Elements of a Trend
Taking groufies has been prevalent that everyone is into it, too.
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3. Long period of time is one of the crucial elements of a trend which means that
a trend has to have a long-time frame, sometime running for decades. A trend
may experience some ups and downs in popularity, may fade away, and may
recur. A good example of this element of trend is the telephone. It is a
communication instrument that revolutionized modern living and created various
social impacts. It was soon overtaken by the popularity of mobile phones in the
late 1990s that have text messaging feature. Then newer technologies allowed
smartphones to include many applications and internet connectivity. Although
telephones are still present in homes and offices, smartphones clearly have gotten
ahead in functionality and
usage.
4. Cause refers to the starting point of a trend which can be an idea, a technology,
an event or a person. All trends have beginnings and someone or somebody
definitely started it. The question here is, how did it start? Now, this becomes
quite obvious as all material elements of a culture started with one’s ideas,
therefore, it is also conclusive that one starting point of a trend was an idea.
Someone or somebody thought about it in the first place. Let us go back to the
evolution of telephone mentioned above. If you will try to think about it, it was
Alexander Graham Bell who first invented and engineered the very first telephone
back in 1876 (https://www.britannica.com). What do you think prompted him to
such an endeavor? Well, if you guessed that it began with an idea of bridging the
gap of a long – distance relations though live voice communication then you must
be right. So, besides the snail mails which were already prevalent those times,
people had another option – the telephone. Fast forward a bit, back in the late
1990’s, these messages through mails or letters evolved and entered the digital
world through beepers while telephones also evolved into cellular mobile phones.
At present, all those separate features plus some more were combined into the
devices we presently called “smartphones.” Believe it or not, all of these were one’s
ideas which eventually turned into a reality.
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The Walkman revolutionized music playing.
Portable audio players today can
trace back their roots to the Walkman.
Characteristics of Trends
Trends are difficult to study and analyze. Studying them is like predicting the future
and determining what changes may possibly last and thus have wide effects on
society and the people. Just like predicting an incoming rain or storm, it is quite
difficult to measure its impending aftermath. It may yield a good outcome for the
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farmers especially when they are in great need of water for their crops, but at the
same time it can also yield damages to other areas.
Rehn and Lindkvist (2013) mentioned a so-called hierarchy of trends, which explains
why trends seem to have varying reach, effects, and influences on people. This
hierarchy is a representation of the scale of the development of a trend. To better
explain this, here is the tabular representation of these characteristics with some
examples.
Besides the above example, trends can also refer to movements, ideologies,
concepts, beliefs, and more. The important thing in studying trends is to observe
them closely for subtle and sudden shifts that ultimately affect people, cultures, and
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societies in general. In the next module, you will be provided with a more in-depth
study of the characteristics/ hierarchy of trends.
What’s More
11
Long period of time Megatrends
Cause Gigatrends
Consequence
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__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the issues and opportunities brought about by trends? How do we
respond during this time of pandemic?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Name five trends and classify them according to the hierarchy of trends. Explain
why each is a trend and why you classify it as such.
Trend Classification Reason Hierarchy
What I Can Do
Materials needed: old newspaper, magazine, paste/glue, scissor, manila paper Note:
Be careful on using sharp objects.
13
Assessment
______1. These are little things that happen all around us all the time, the tiny
shifts that occur in everything from the clothes we wear, and the snacks
we eat, the way we work, play and love.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______2. They can last for decades and are so pervasive as generally known.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends B.
Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______3. This is synonymous to fads.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______4. This refers to aggregated microtrends or more sweeping changes that
affects the society.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______5. This refers to the characteristic of trends that generally affects most areas
of human life.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______6. This refers to the characteristic of trends that provide major changes
perceptible in the societal level for a longer period.
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Microtrends
______7. The following statements are true about elements of a trend except ____.
A. A trend is formed from repetitive actions of people.
B. A trend that has a long-time frame, sometime running for decades.
C. Trends have long staying power and enjoy a long period of
popularity.
D. The lifespan of products or ideas that became trends do not
disappear quickly.
______8. Which of the following is not an element of trend?
A. cause C. consequence
B. truth D. long period of time
______9. The following are elements or components of a trend except ____.
A. long period of time
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B. pattern of behavior
C. strategic alternatives
D. number of participants
______10. The following are the characteristics or the hierarchy of a trend except
A. Gigatrends C. Megatrends
B. Macrotrends D. Nanotrends
______11. Which of the following statements is not true about the characteristics
of a trend?
A. A trend makes considerable influence or impact.
B. A trend is formed from non-repetitive actions of people.
C. A trend has a starting point which can be an idea, technology, event
or person.
D. A trend may be started by an individual, but the number of
followers increases in a certain period of time.
______12. A good number of Filipinos have turned to the Middle East and the US
to seek greener pastures. This trend has continued because of severe
economic depression, political repression, and the lack of viable job
opportunities in the Philippines. Which of the following significant
social trends is being described in this given scenario?
A. the rise of OFWs C. changing roles of women
B. high employment D. religious fundamentalism
______13. The current obsession with health and well-being is one of the positive
trends today. Which of the following practices is not a manifestation of
coping up with this given trend?
A. hair straightening and skin whitening as beauty regimen
B. the immensely popular application of meditation practices
C. organic farming as an alternative to synthetic and chemical-laden
products
D. exercise and extreme sports for those who can afford the luxuries
of enrolling in a gym or engaging in elite sports
______14. As the workforce continues to relocate across the country and out of
large cities, organizations will need to invest heavily in technology that
enables the future of remote work. While this trend continues, which
of the following predictions/ inventions or events do you think is most
likely to happen?
A. People will come into the office less and potentially on
a staggered schedule.
B. Consumers will demand more than just a functional
product from technology brands.
C. Companies will need to optimize their in-office setups
to make sure that days in the office have collaboration
benefits worth the cost of a commute.
D. Technologies will impact our lives the most in the next
year and beyond and will enable people to shift into a
15
new work-life balance where they have more flexibility
to choose when and where they do either.
______15. The latest research has shown that 42 percent of the U.S. labor force is
now working from home, but even after the pandemic, the anticipated
share of working-from-home days is set to triple compared to pre-
pandemic levels. While this trend continues, which of the following
predictions, inventions and events do you think is most likely to
happen?
A. Now many people are working, learning, and keeping everyone
entertained from home seven days a week.
B. Video streaming, which has seen tremendous growth in adoption
this year, will undoubtedly continue to be a major part of the way
we live and do business after the pandemic recedes.
C. The data sharing and open collaboration practices that have been
crucial to the fight against COVID will lead to greater public-private
and cross-industry collaboration moving forward.
D. Videoconferencing may be the tool professionals have been looking
for to achieve that highly sought-after but elusive goal of work life
balance.
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2-Point Rubric- Short Response
Criteria 5 4 3 2
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Originality Several of the One or two of The graphics No graphics
graphics used the graphics are made by made by the
on the poster used on the the student, student are
reflect an poster reflect but are based included.
exceptional student on the
degree of student creativity in designs or
creativity in their creation ideas of
their creation and/or display. others.
and/or display.
References
Arzadon, M., Romerosa, P. and Zarate, M., 2018. Trends, Networks, and Critical
Thinking. 1st ed. Quezon City, Manila: Vibal Group, Inc., p.7.
Franzen, Carl. 2014. The History of the Walkman: 35 Years of Iconic Music Players.
Image. https://www.theverge.com/2014/7/1/5861062/sony-walkman-at-
35.
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Griswold, M. and Maguire, M., 2021. Let These 2020 Denim Trends Help You Justify
Your Next Online Shopping Spree. [online] StyleCaster. Available at:
<https://stylecaster.com/2020-jeans-trends/> [Accessed 23 January
2021].
Mangiduyos, Gladys P. 2017. Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st
Century. 1st ed. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Publishing.
Rehn, A. and Lindkvist, M., 2013. Trendspotting- The Basics. [online] Docplayer.net.
Available at: <https://docplayer.net/57165747-Trendspotting-the-
basicsalf-rehn-and-magnus-lindkvist.html> [Accessed 23 January 2021].
Urgel, Elizabeth. 2017. Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century
Culture. 1st ed. Makati City, Philippines: DIWA Learning Systems Inc., p.10-
14.
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