Understanding How Covid-19 Vaccines Works

A vaccine is a preparation, which provides the body with the appearance of acquired immunity
to a specific antigen.
All current covid-19 vaccines are biphasic, which means that a second dose is required for
maximum protection. The introduction of a repeated dose called "booster", allows one to form a
more pronounced immune response and maintain protection against infection for a long period
of time.
However, some countries have decided to postpone the second dose in order to get as many
people as possible.
When the immune system first gets acquainted with the vaccine, it triggers type B and T cells. B
cells actively produce antibodies, but if the second dose of the vaccine is not given, after a few
weeks, the number of these immunoglobulins decreases sharply. T-lymphocytes are the main
weapon of the immune system. These cells find danger and destroy the pathogen. The main
problem with T cells is that after the first stage of vaccination, the system creates a very small
amount of T cells, and the body remains unprepared to meet the virus.
The second booster dose, triggers the second part of the immune response, as a result of which
the body produces more T cells and forms long-term immune memory.
The results of large medical studies of all currently available COVID-19 vaccines show that the
second dose increases the degree of protection several times. Israeli scientists have come to
the conclusion that the level of antibodies in patients who received both doses of the
coronavirus vaccine is 6-12 times higher than those who were vaccinated once.
When the vaccines are given, the muscle cells take up tiny droplets of fats and the RNA which
they contain. The RNA begins to produce copies by itself inside the cells. Thereafter, the cells
produce lots of the spike protein. When the immune system encounters these tiny spikes, it
sees them as foreign and makes antibodies against them which fight the virus as it fixes to the
protein. So, whenever the body ever encounters the spikes again, it will acknowledge them and
be able to activate an immediate response against it.
The ultimate aim of the vaccines is to manipulate the body into assuming that it has already
seen the virus and created an immune response, so that when one really comes into contact
with it, the person should already be immune.