MICROWAVE AND RADAR ENGINEERING PEARSONMicrowave and Radar Engineering Gottapu Sasi Bhushana Rao Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Andhra University Engineering College Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh PEARSON Chennai + Dethi2.20 | Microwave and Radar Engineering ‘The magnetic field H and the time-varying electric ficld are related for time-varying fields. The time-varying magnetic field does not exist inside a perfect conductor as the electric field is zero inside it. Thus it can be concluded that there are no time-varying electric and magnetic fields inside a perfect conductor, and there may be surface charge and surface current at the surface of a perfect conductor. If we consider medium 2 as the perfect conductor, as shown in Figure 2.17, we have £,, Ds, 4), and By identically zero, and the boundary condition equations become E,=0 Hence, we can conclude that, at a perfect conducting surface, the electric field is always normal to the surface (E, = 0), and the magnetic field is always tangential to the surface (B, = j1//, =0). The bound- ary conditions of diclectric-conductor interface are given below: Dielectric-conductor interface —_—— E D,, =P, Aah B, =0 2.9 WAVE EQUATION To derive the fundamental wave equation in any media, consider the following Maxwell's equations in differential form: VxH==+J (2.16) or 2.17) V-D=p, 2.18) Vv B=0 2.19) Consider a homogenous medium where ¢, #!, 6 are constants throughout the medium. Now, taking into account the curl of Eq. (2.16) gives av xD) or av xé) VxVxKA +Vxd +a(VxE) (+ D=e£ and J=08) or= awe Wee —— — nd } i nd Unt Electromagnetic Field Theory § Salivahananl$ Karthiei McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited Published by McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited 444/1, Sri Ekambara Naicker Industrial Estate, Alapakkam, Porur, Chennai 600116 Electromagnetic Field Theory, 2e Copyright © 2019 by McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise or stored in a database or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the publishers. The program listings (if any) may be entered, stored and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. This edition can be exported from India only by the publishers, McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited Print Edition ISBN-13: 978-93-5316-257-3 ISBN-10: 93-5316-257-2 E-Book Edition ISBN-13: 978-93-5316-277-1 ISBN-10: 93-5316-277-7 [23456789 7093309 222120 19[i] Printed and bound in India Director—Science & Engineering Portfolio: Vibha Mahajan Senior Portfolio Manager—Science & Engineering: Hemant K Jha Portfolio Manager—Science & Engineering: Navneet Kumar Production Head: Satinder § Baveja Copy Editor: Taranpreet Kaur Assistant Manager—Production: Suhaib Ali General Manager—Production: Rajender P Ghansela Manager—Production: Reji Kumar Information contained in this work has been obtained by McGraw Hill Education (India), from sources believed to be reliable. However, neither McGraw Hill Education (India) nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and neither McGraw Hill Education (India) nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work is published with the understanding that McGraw Hill Education (India) and its authors areTable 6.7 Boundary conditions between a dielectric and a perfect conductor Field components Medium 1 (Dielectric) Medium 2 (Perfect conductor) Tangential F Ey=0 Eg=0 Tangential 7 =0,D.. =p, Hy = K, and B,; =0 For perfect dielectric, the condu€ivity is zero, i. = 0 and there are no free charges and no surface currents at the interface between two dielectrics, ie. ,=0and K = 0. Table 6.8 lists the boundary conditions between two perfect dielectrics (lossless mediums). Table 6.8 Boundary conditions between two perfect dielectrics Field components Mediums 1 and 2 (Dielectric) ‘Tangential E Normal D Tangential #7 Normal B Therefore, EM fields existing in any medium under time-varying conditions should satisfy Maxwell's equations. EXAMPLE 6.54 Region 1 is defined by x < 0 and characterized by ,; = 4, whereas region 2 is defined by x > 0 and characterized by ,; = 8. If the magnetic field in region 1 is given by fi, (i, + 3a, -6a, Alm for a source-free boundary, determine f}, and its