Group: GROUP 4 Subject: RIPH111

Section & Date: BSITM 2Y1-2 Professor: Ms. Rose Imelda P. Garcia

FIRST CRY OF INDEPENDENCE

BALINTAWAK PUGAD LAWIN

Members: Jian Alexi Tanzon Members: Maurae Cacafranca
Shane Kelly Forto Clarita Bayan
Michael Lao Veron Detera
Xylah Majarreis Fortunaeth Fernando
Isabel Cabcabin Iven Cejalvo

m
er as
Angelica Orlanda

co
Evidence 1: According to Historian Gregorio Evidence 1: In Pugad Lawin, Andres

eH w
Zaide, as said in his book that was made in Bonifacio and his thousands of Katipuneros

o.
rs e
1954, the First Cry of Independence happened and had a meeting on August 23, 1896 and
ou urc
in Balintawak on August 26, 1896. decided to fight against the Spanish
Evidence 2: According to a Spanish civil government. Rip their cedulas that symbolized
o

guard who witnessed it named Lt. Olegario their slavery. This is the first cry of Filipinos
aC s

Diaz, the said “Cry” happened in Balintawak against the Spanish government and was made
vi y re

on August 25, 1896. stronger by the use of weapons.

Evidence 3: According to an account by Gen. Evidence 2: In 1935 Valenzuela, Pantas and
ed d

Santiago Alvarez, a member of the Katipunan, Pacheco proclaimed “na hindi sa Balintawak
ar stu

devoid of any dramatic description as it is nangyari ang unang sigaw ng paghihimagsik

merely a narration of the events that happened, na kinalalagian ngayon ng bantayog, kung di
is

stated their journey to Kangkong where sa pook na kilala sa tawag na Pugad Lawin”.
Th

Apolonio Samson’s home is located, their Evidence 3: There were times that The First
journey to Bahay Toro owned by Melchora Cry is celebrated every August 26, 1896, but
Aquino, also known as Cabesang Melchora, according to Teodoro A. Agoncillo (1956)
sh

located in Balintawak, he said that a meeting who said that the First Cry happened in Pugad
was held there that was led by Andres Lawin on August 23, 1896.
Bonifacio, was attended by Katipuneros like

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
 Emilio Jacinto, Dr. Pio Valenzuela, Enrique Evidence 4: Andres Bonifacio and Katipunan
Pacheco, Teodoro Plata and others. A proof members arrived in Balintawak in the middle
that the “Cry” happened in Balintawak and that of the night on August 19, the day after, August
it happened on August 26, 1896. 20, is Pio Valenzuela. In the afternoon of
Evidence 4: An account by Guillermo August 21, almost 500 Katipuneros left with
Masangkay, a friend and fellow Katipunero of Andres Bonifacio going to Kangkong and slept
Andres Bonifacio, recounted his experiences in Apolonio Samson’s backyard. They left
as a member of the revolutionary movement. Kangkong in the afternoon of August 22 and
The National Heroes’ Day and the construction arrived in the evening at Pugadlawin in the
of the “Monument to the Heroes of 1896” was backyard of Juan A. Ramos, a child of
based. He stated in his account that the “Cry” Melchora Aquino. The next morning in August

m
er as
happened on August 26, 1896 in Balintawak. 23, there is where they held their meeting

co
eH w
His claim became more concrete when his where they decided to start their fight against

o.
granddaughter Soledad Buehler-Borromeo Spaniards. It also where Bonifacio uttered,
rs e
saw Masangkay’s papers, inside the papers it “Mga kapatid, nagkaisa tayong ituloy ang
ou urc
was stated that the “Cry” did happen in himagsikan. Sumusumpa ba kayong itakwil
Balintawak on August 26, 1896. ang pamahalaang umaapi sa atin?”
o
aC s

Evidence 5: In 1928, Gregoria De Jesus

vi y re

Napkil, widow of Andres Bonifacio, wrote a

short autobiography, entitled “Mga Tala ng
Aking Buhat”, where she stated, among the
ed d
ar stu

other things, that the Cry of Balintawak took

place on August 25, 1896 in Pasong Tamo,
Caloocan. Oryang was revered as the muse,
is

Lakambini of the Katipunan.

Th

Evidence 6: Julio Napkil, the second husband

of Gregoria De Jesus Napkil and another
sh

Bonifacio associate, Composer of Katipunan

deposited his handwritten notes from
Philippine Revolution in the National Library
under Teodoro M. Kalaw in 1925. Here he

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
 wrote. “swearing before God and before
history that everything in these notes is truth”:
“The Revolution started in Balintawak in the
last days of August 1896.” He also stated there
that Bonifacio uttered the First Cry of War
against tyranny on August 24, 1896.” : “The
First Cry of Balintawak was on August 26,
1896 in the place called Kangkong, adjacent to
Pasong Tamo, within the jurisdiction of
Balintawak, Caloocan.”
Evidence 7: According to cartographic

m
er as
researches, a rough sketch or croquis de las

co
eH w
operaciones practicadas in El Español showed

o.
the movements of Lt. Ros against the
rs e
Katipunan on 25, 26, and 27 August 1896. The
ou urc
map defined each place name as sitio “Baclac”.
In 1897, the Spanish historian Sastron
o
aC s

mentioned Kalookan, Balintawak, Banlat and

vi y re

Pasong Tamo. The names mentioned in some

revolutionary sources and interpretations
Daang Malalim, Kangkong and Pugad Lawin
ed d
ar stu

were not identified as barrios. Even detailed

Spanish and American maps mark on
Kalookan and Balintawak.
is

In 1943 map of Manila marks Balintawak

Th

separately from Kalookan and Diliman. The

sites where revolutionary events took place are
sh

within the ambit of Balintawak.

Upon conducting research in the late 1920s
on the toponym “Pugad Lawin”, went through
the municipal records and the Census of 1903

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
 and 1918, could not find the name, and
concluded that “Isang… pagkakamali… ang
sabihing mayroong Pugad Lawin sa
Kalookan.”

SUMMARY

In the table above is the list of evidences provided by the defendants on each side. On the

m
er as
left side of the table are the evidences provided by defendants who believe that the First Cry of

co
eH w
Independence happened in Balintawak. On the right side of the table are the evidences provided

o.
by the defendants who believe that the First Cry of Independence happened in Pugad Lawin.
rs e
ou urc
Evidences from the Balintawak defendants were more focused on witnesses and accounts from

people that were there on the day the event happened and has shown many concrete evidences that
o
aC s

the “Cry” happened in Balintawak. The Pugad Lawin defendants also provided evidences, and has
vi y re

also provided accounts from primary sources, but evidences from Balintawak still weighed heavier

compared to evidences provided by the Pugad Lawin defendants.

ed d
ar stu
is

CONCLUSION
Th

The conclusion made is highly based on the evidences presented above and people’s

opinion may still vary even if this evidences are presented. Aside from the number of accounts
sh

provided by Balintawak defendants they also found a research about the existence of Pugad Lawin.

According to this, “Pugad Lawin” did not exist, it also wasn’t found on any files from the

municipality, that is why we came to the conclusion and question of “How can the First Cry of

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
 Independence happen in Pugad Lawin if it did not exist?”. We also came to this conclusion because

of the number of accounts and witnesses presented and the concrete evidences presented by the

Balintawak defendants. Although Dr. Pio Valenzuela’s account was presented by Pugad Lawin

defendants, who was also a member of the Katipunan, it can’t be known if Dr. Pio’s words can be

trusted due to his old age.

FINAL POSITION

m
Evidences have been presented and we all have concluded and decided with finality to

er as
co
stand and take position in believing that the First Cry of Indepence did happen in Balintawak on

eH w
o.
August 26, 1896.
rs e
ou urc
o
aC s
vi y re
ed d
ar stu
is
Th
sh

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
 SOURCES

BALINTAWAK

1. BATIS Sources in Philippine History (Book) by Jose Victor Torres

2. https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/199788/august-30-a-day-for-remembering-

our-country-s-heroes/story/

3. https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer/

1109/20100903/283274569062897

m
er as
4. https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/in-focus/balintawak-the-cry-for-a-nationwide-

co
eH w
revolution/

o.
rs e
ou urc
PUGAD LAWIN
o
aC s
vi y re

1. http://visitpinas.com/ang-sigaw-ng-pugad-lawin-cry-of-pugadlawin-shrine/

2. https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/unang-sigaw
ed d
ar stu
is
Th
sh

This study source was downloaded by 100000837244095 from CourseHero.com on 11-22-2021 01:29:13 GMT -06:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/46697084/JTA-Position-Paperpdf/
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)