Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Batı Sanat Müziğini

Tüketmek: Halkevleri
Consuming the Western Art Music in Early Republic Era of Turkey:
The People's House
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ÖZET
Cumhuriyet, kendinden önce modernleşen ülkeleri örnek almış, kültür politikalarını
ve buna bağlı olarak eğitim politikalarını kurgulamıştır. Yeni Cumhuriyetin, ulus dev-
let olmak ve Osmanlı’nın gelenekçi yapısından sıyrılmak için yaptığı inkılâpların yay-
gınlaşmasında izlediği yol, yine muasır medeniyetlerin izlediği yol olan halk eğitimi
olmuştur. Yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet’in ideolojisini halk kitlelerine yayma amacıyla
1932’de kurulan Halkevleri, Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası ile organik bir bağ içerisinde ka-
patıldığı 1951 yılına kadar faaliyetlerini sürdürmüştür. Halkevlerinin en önemli faali-
yetleri, halk kitlelerine batı sanat müziğini aşılamak, bayramlarda marşlar söyleyerek
ulusal bilinci arttırmak ve yeni Cumhuriyet’in muasır olma yolunda rüştünü ispat et-
mekti. CHF’nin il ve ilçe örgütlerinden Halkevlerinin kurulmasında ve işletilmesinde
rol olması talimatnamelerce istenmişti. Parti, toplumsal dönüşümü sağlayıcı unsur ol-
duğu gibi partiden olmak, mebus olmak da elinde güç bulundurmak demekti. Nasıl ki
Cumhuriyet muasır olmak için muasır medeniyetlerin kültürünü tüketme yoluna git-
tiyse, bu bağlamda yeni kurulan Cumhuriyette toplumsal statü kazanmanın yolların-
dan biri de Halkevlerinde yaygınlaştırılması amaçlanan CHF’nin ideolojisinin çıktıla-
rını tüketmek oldu. Bu çalışmada, yeni kurulan Cumhuriyetin; yaratmayı amaçladığı
batı tekniğiyle Türk ulusal kültürünün sentezinden oluşan müziğini ve yeni yaratılan
değerlerini tüketmek, statü ve gösteriş tüketimi bağlamında anlamlandırılmaya çalı-
şılacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: CHF, Gösterişçi tüketim, Halkevleri, Siyasi parti, Statü

ABSTRACT
The Republic has devised cultural policies and educational policies accordingly, by tak-
ing the example of the countries which have been modernized earlier. The way that
the early republic followed for the popularization of revolutions which done to become
nation-state and to elude from traditionalist structure of the Ottoman Empire, was


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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
 INTERNATIONAL ETHNOMUSICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM “MUSIC AND POLITICS”
public education that was the way “contemporary” countries also followed. The Peo-
ple’s Houses, was established in 1932, that was connected to the republican people’s
party had continued the activities of spreading the ideology of early republic until was
shut down in 1951.One of the most important activities of the People’sHouses was to
infuse the western art music, to increase the national awareness by singing marches
during the national days, and to attain the goal of being contemporary. The provincial
and district organizations of the party were asked to play roles in the establishment
and operation of the People’s Houses. The party, as the element of social transfor-
mation, being a deputy means to have power in hand. As how the Republic had gone
to the way of consuming the culture of contemporary civilizations to be contemporary,
one of the ways of gaining social status in the early Republic was to consume the out-
puts of the republican people’s party’s ideology, which was intended to be spread in
the People’s Houses.In this study; to consume the music that the early republic intend
to create by synthesis of western composition technique with national culture of Turks,
and the newly created values of the early republic; will be tried to understand in con-
text of status and conspicuous consumption.
Key Words: RPP, Conspicuous Consumption, People’s Houses, Political Party, Status


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 ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE BATI SANAT MÜZİĞİNİ TÜKETMEK: HALKEVLERİ
CONSUMING THE WESTERN ART MUSIC IN EARLY REPUBLIC ERA OF TURKEY:

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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
 INTERNATIONAL ETHNOMUSICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM “MUSIC AND POLITICS”
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 ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE BATI SANAT MÜZİĞİNİ TÜKETMEK: HALKEVLERİ
CONSUMING THE WESTERN ART MUSIC IN EARLY REPUBLIC ERA OF TURKEY:

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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
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 ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE BATI SANAT MÜZİĞİNİ TÜKETMEK: HALKEVLERİ
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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
 INTERNATIONAL ETHNOMUSICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM “MUSIC AND POLITICS”
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 ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE BATI SANAT MÜZİĞİNİ TÜKETMEK: HALKEVLERİ
CONSUMING THE WESTERN ART MUSIC IN EARLY REPUBLIC ERA OF TURKEY:

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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
 INTERNATIONAL ETHNOMUSICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM “MUSIC AND POLITICS”
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 ERKEN CUMHURİYET DÖNEMİNDE BATI SANAT MÜZİĞİNİ TÜKETMEK: HALKEVLERİ
CONSUMING THE WESTERN ART MUSIC IN EARLY REPUBLIC ERA OF TURKEY:

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 ULUSLARARASI ETNOMÜZİKOLOJİ SEMPOZYUMU “MÜZİK VE POLİTİKA”
 INTERNATIONAL ETHNOMUSICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM “MUSIC AND POLITICS”
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Kaynaklar
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