LITERATURE REVIEW

COMMUNISTS

Communist ideology is form of brands (Leninism, Stalinism, Maoism), had a powerful impact
throughout history and one could not understand without clear reference their ideas and attempts
to implementation. But today it’s most often used with reference to Marx and Engels.

MARX-ENGELS

The main idea is to eliminate social inequalities and creating egalitarian society. The classical
Marxists is diluted and had some hard occasional contradictions ,like, instead of mobilising industry
within advanced economic counties they ignited revolutionary movements firstly , Russia and China.
The idea of inevitable transition from capitalism to socialism is labelled as historic materialism.

COMMUNIST IDEA IN RUSSIA: LENIN AND STALIN

Unlike theory inspired classical Marxism, Leninism developed as a result of practical efforts to apply
teachings of Marx and Engels according to Russian conditions. Most significant departure was
revolutionary potentials for Russian peasantry. During WW1 Lenin claimed war between nations had
to turn into war between social classes. Then subsequently, the collapse of autocratic monarchy,
submerged Russia into anarchy. After WW2 Stalin aligned himself with Russian chauvinism,
especially towards Jews.

CHINESE EXPERIENCE WITH COMMUNISM: MAO

Maoism is descendant of Marxism and Leninism. Mao’s followed adopted three key features:
Marxian’s explanation of historical development; Lenin’s theory of imperialism; Conviction that to
prevent counterrevolution.

CONSLUSION

Most researchers conclude that Marxism, the theoretical foundation of communism, contained its
seeds of own demise. But it’s important to understand that none of the social self –proclaimed
followers diligently followed all the guidelines outlined by Marx and Engels .the ambiguities within
Marxian ideas spawned a number of brands but from various degrees departed from the original .