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    9 views17 pages

    Тема 6

    Uploaded by

    Sagynysh Nurkimbaev

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 17
    Tema § OCHOBHBIE NIPABHIA HOJTOTOBKH H O®OPM.IEHHA TEKCTA HAYYHOH CTATbH 8.1 bopmyanporanne saroa0RKa Tipasnmioe dbopmynmponarme saronorka mpeaycmarpHeaer HeoSxoxMMOcTE. BBIOIHEHHA HECKOBKUX CALCMYIOUNAX yenOBHil. THepeoe: popmysuposka nasnanna josxHA GbITE scHoi Mo dopme, T.e. We HOMAHA COMepAATE HeyAOGOUTAEMTIX IE FaYMEBIX (pas co cHOBAMH H EOBOCOTE- TQHHAMH, H3BECTHBIMIE OHOMY JIL aBTOpy Me Y3KOMY Kpyry mpHOeuwKeuHENX. Bonpine 37ecb 10GaBHTs He4ero. Bmopoe vpeGonanue syT cuore. Haspanne AOsKKO coseprKaTh KTIOUeREIE ‘e71ORa, KOTOPHIE PenpeseHTHPYIOT NpesONaraemoe HecHeNORAHHe. ITO, BO-NepBKIX, SuTarOUNNe TO HasBAHHO eMOryT XoTA Got NpHOMGHTEBHO NOHATH, O HEM HAeT peab. Bo-sropax, Sudmorpabw4eckoe ormcanne HW KaTanOrH3anH stoi paGorsr SGyayt mporsnogntscs uMeHHO To 3aronosKy. Hosromy ecm o3arnasnTs paGoTy c TOMOUILIO AeKYpHOTO KIMWe «Kak Ham atin us KPHBHea» HIM «ITopaxkenne pe- (popm» - To GuGaHOrpad oKaxeTea B TaAKeTOE NoMOKcHHE. H oN MOryT BBIITH 13. Hero, HOMEeTHB oTtHcaHe OTOH PaGoTEI B TaKHE pasfeNDL, Pe KoNAeTH, mHTepecy- tonmecs oro TeMoli, ce HuKoraa He Haiityt, TlooTomy, vem TouHee crORecHDti naop 8 Ha3BaHHM paGoTEI, TeM BENE BeposTHOCTS, YTO OHA HONageT B HY KEBLE ‘OuGrMorpabH4eckHii pasted. K TOMY 2ke HCTOML3OBAHHE LITAMNOB BeLeT K TOsBAC- HHO MHOAKECTBA CTATE! C OAHHM H TEM Ke WAH CXOAHbIMH Ha3BaHHAMH, Tpemoe: naspane 200KNO Sbirh KoUKperubin. Cnexyer H36erarh npuBbI4- HBIX CHOR-HapasHTOR THT “HEKOTOPBIe>, COMPEETCHHBIE, “ocoGEIen. ITH cHORA HCHONL3YIOTCA OYE, YACTO, HECMOTpPA Ha TO, YTO HUKAKOi HHpopManHOHHOli Harpy3KH OHH He HecyT, TloMHMO cTOB-TapazHTOR XOpoUIO Gbr TAK:KE H3GeTaTb OT- KpOBEHHO TaBTOTOrHEcKHX (bpas BPoAe «BIMALNA COMMATbHOTO Ha OOMeECTREHHOEN. Yemeepmoe: waspanne 1O0KNO HECTH B ceGe KAKYIO-TO MpodseMy WH XOTA Gul HaMeK ua mpo6nemy. 340 Tpedomaume BEINOAUNTE yoKe HaMHoro cHoxHeE BoubIMUCTBO opMYAUPOBOK NUKAKUX NPOGJEMULIX OIeMeHTOB He CosepxUT, a AB JTACTCA “NOGORKIMO TOHMEHORAHHEM OObeKTA, HanpuMep, B 4eM COCTOHT Mpodmema, BHIPAKEHHAA THTEMIHBIM SarostoBKoM OKeHUMEBI-TpexNpHHHMaTeN B coBpemeH- ‘Hoi Poccun»? Hu B uem. 310 npoctoe ykasanne Ha OObeKT Halcro HETepeca. Hamoe: xxenarensno, “ros 3arnasHe Gsxt0 KoMmaKTHbim. Haszanne He AOUKHO SbITL WINHHEIM, A eC OHO JUIMHHOE, TO 9TO He HasBaHHe, Bor HeKoTOpLIe HpHMepeL 13 peansHoii AUIHH, B KOTOPOHi, KAK HaBECTHO, cuy4acTcA BcAKOE. Oza OCHS HeNOXaA B MpHUUANe paGora HasbBaTach Tax: «Capykrypuble dhakropEl TEXHOOFHM CONMATBHOTO KOHCTPYHPOBAHHS THIOB MY:KCCTREHHOCTH HM XKCHCTREH= a HOCTH B PAMKaX CORMCCTHOTO (pa3eMbHOrO) OGY'YCHIA YHCHHKOR pasHoro Mona B cpeseobpasonarenbHBIX IIKOsIaX COBETCKOTO H HlOCTCOBETCKOrO HepHosOB». Ito HaSBAHHE WHTEpecHO TEM, 4TO OHO BOBCE HE LAYNOE H He COMEPIKHT HHKAKO! caBOsbD> {WI TOTYCTOpoHHNX onHcaMHit. Ito nonHas H OGCTosTeNLHAT XapakTepHCTUKa OOb- ‘ekTa HecrelOBAHHA, TIperer3na Toapko ofa: HazRaHHe He MoweT GuITe AME, Tlocemy, xo- YeULb, He XOMeUND, MpHETCA ero COKPaTHT. Ha NOMOULL MOAHO NPH3BATS HecHOAw- Hbi¢ MpHeatbt pasGHBKM 3arOTORKOR C MOMOLIBIO AROCTOUHL HM CKOGOK, KOTOpEIC OT AeNsOT OF OCHOBHOI TeMBI ee yrOUHEHHs H KOHKpeTH3anNH. ABTOP JaHHBIX CTPOK, IPelleH, MOCTOAHHO MIpUGeracT K STOMY cMacaTenbHOMy Kpyry. [ponomKaa B3ATbIit HIPHMEp © pa3HONOABIX YHCHHKAX, MOAHO NPUBECTH sarONOBOK K cHeayKOULEMy yerosnomy sity: «Coumanbioe KONeTPYHpOBAHHe THOS MyAeCTREHHOCTH HKCH cTReHMOCTH Ha MpuMepe CoBMecTHOrO H pazienLuOrO OByueHUA yueHUKOB (coBer- ckHii M Hoctcopercknii mepHosLl)». Toxe IHN, KOHeUHO, HO TIYTH K CoBepuLeH- CTBY JOIN H BUTHEBATHL IHecmoe: wassanne 2o0KHO BbIrnaeTe E1axKO © NTepatypHoll TOUKE 3pe- iia. Ect 8 OAHOM 3arot0BKe TPH pasa yHorpeGneHO caoBO «COMMANDED» HAL OKOHOMHUECKHID) - 3HauNT, Bena mIOxH, Henk3a TakGKe NPONYCKATh B HasBaHHe CICHFOBHIE CIOBA H BEIPHACHHA, CCM TOALKO OHM HE ABASIOTCA OOLEKTOM aNaMH3A, Octanca ogi npaxriiecknii sonpoc: Kax, coGcrBeHHO, PopmysuUpoBate Te- MY, CCIM OHA ANKAK Ne CKNALIBAcTeA? Hs MHOrOUNCHCHEMIX 3anpocos H3BeCTHO, 4TO ¢ STO! NPOSeMOii CrAIKHBAIOTCA OUCH MHOTHE. Jas peixoga ug Tore mpegsaraeres caeayioumiii eranpapruniit eapuaur. Be- pérea UHeTHI TCT GyMarH, H MHILYTEA POPMYMPOBKH, MOKA OcoGo He 3alyMbIRA- Ach, NO Mepe HX mpuxoza B ronopy. Hocae nepBore noesepxHoctHore mpocmorpa CICK OCTAHETCA MAKCHMYM MATb-INCCTH NOTCHIMATHbIX TEM, OCTALHbIC TOKa~ OKYTCA HecypazHBIMH. JaTbIe NpHeTCH HEMHOFO NoyMATS, COOTHECTH TeMy c¢ Xa- pakrepom nosrorasamBaemoro Marepuasa. B wrore ocranyres use-rpu bopaysut- porkn, B 9TOT MOMEHT Xopoulo Gbl ¢ KeM-HHGy”b MocoReToRaTECA. HGo ombrTHtElit HCNOBEK, BOETAHYB Ha KPaTKUi MepedeHb Tem, 3a Tpit MIHYTHE TOMOXeT BEIOpaTE nanOonce anekwarHbit Rapnant. C TOUKM speHiA nocacACTRMit 31H pasnyMbs! Hall 3arnaBHeM OUeHE BaXKHEI, HOO OHH 3aCTaRAMIOT aBTOpa OMpereNHTECE C TeM, 0 4eM, COOCTREHHO, OH GyHeT MHCATE, B HEM COCTOHT OCHOBHAA Let paGOTH 1 KAK GyAyT B neii pacctasaaTpca aKueHTbt n §.2 Tlopaaok cocTanlenna Tiana pagoThi Ecam aprop cocrasut man paGorst mpexcToatmeli cTaTbH, To MOxKHO BrpaBe ckasarb, cenye 3a6aBHoil MoroBOPKe: KHIM YE TOTOB, ero OCTATOE TOKO cuatb». [ostomy nocae AHeTKa ¢ MpHMEpHBIMH Ha3BAHHAMH paoTB! HY:XHO BIATE Bropoil sMCTOK H HaGpocats ee CrpykTYpY Ha OsLHY CTPAHHUy MIOTHOO HM yHOpALO~ MeHHOTO TeKcTa. A TIOTOM TOKA3aTS ETO KAKOMY-HNGYas cHemMaTHcTy, KOTOPEIt CBEKHM T1a30M KUBO YBHAHT «ILIPbh H WIEMEHTLI HeTOCTeLORATEMLHOCTH B ‘HALIEM ILIAHe, PaOorsi MoryT BEIMOMHATHCA B pazHbIX KaHpax. H cuenyeT H3HAIATHO ONpe- JCIHTS oTOT Kap. Odno sen, coMH roTORNTCA yaeSubIit TeKcr. On sosACCH Mposte= MOHCTpHpowarh KRAIMpKALUO aBTopa, COGeTREHHO IIccHeOBaTENBCKHE peay.1bTa- ‘ThI TaM 2keslaTeLHEI, HO He O65: Alpyzoe — ec per WET O CAMOCTOATENbHOH HecHeNOBATETCKOH padoTe, ‘koTopaa o6pautena K mpopecenonanam. Tpemse — ecan wecnenosarens 3aayMan Tak HasbiBaeMblii Hay4no- TOMYsI#pHBIi TeKCT, KOTOpHIiI aNpecoRaH He TONBKO MporpeccHonambHOi, HO H Gosee WHPOKOH ayaHTOpHH. 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Tonopa 06 «ouesmanoit akTyambnocrHy Haysenna Gespa6orHrx, GeauDIX 1 APYPHX COUMAIBHBIX FPYNN, aBTOpsI acTO aNeLINpy!OT K HEOGXOAMMOCTH UTO-TO ACIATE, TC, HOMOUL OGe3LON1CHHEIM, MPCHLIOAIETe KAKHe-TO Mepbl COUMATEHOH 1O- AINTHKHL, 2 He K HeOGXOAMMOCTH UTO-TO MONAT, PACKPEITR OCEMe HeOTEBHAHOS HMI npoTuBopevamee obsteHHEMt Baran. To cyt, oGocHoBaHne HecresoBaTeT- ckoli npoGzembi noaMeHsetca CoMLIKAMH Ha npoOsIeMBI H3yuaeMBIX rpynn moze, B KAKOM-TO CMBICHE ABTOPSI CIEKYNPYlOT Ha THKEAOM OMOEA MapruHaseHBLK TPyNN, YOGLI Ges OCOOLIX YCHIHi AOKAIATL «3HATHMOCTL» CBO! padoTb!, Mopasb- HIM OnpaBgaHHem SToii NOSMMUA CraHOBHTTCA HCKPeHHAA cHNTATHA K OSPEKTY coG- CTBEHIDIX H3bICKAITHI - BecbMa pacnpocrpanenmoe «saGoueBauine cperit HocHELo~ BaTereli, Mellaromlice HM AMCTAHIMpoRaTECA OT CROETO OOBEKTA. B pacematpupaemom mpumepe ovesHsHo: camo no ce6e Hamme GespaboTH- bl (HIM APYroro NOAOGHOTO ABNCHHA) HE ABIACTCA HCCACOOBATCHBCKOM NpOSACMOll, oto — oSprmermniii hhakr. H sam ee H3ysaTb, 8 oGuteM-TO, He TaK ya acHO. YTREp- 7” °RNCHHA TH «B 300napKe THTpy HeMOKTAMMBAIOT Macaly H Mpoue paccKasel oF yxacax noctnepectpocsHoit Poccmm cyTh yKasanHa Ha OGeKTHI HaIero BOSMO;KHO- TO MHTepeca H KETAHHE MTO-TO H3MCHHTb, HO, yBbI, OHH ELE CAMINKOM anekH OT uxcaunn npo6xem. Ja toro uroGE CABHHYTECA C MepTsoii TOUKH, HYKHO HMeTE B BILIY CHeLyIoulee MpaBHTO, LenccooSpaznocrs mnizeaenna necueaosarenbcKue 1 couttanbite npobaestel. Bes nocranoskn commanbbix npoduiem (Kak Ot KOLYHETBEHHO 9TO HH SBy'aI0) He CHCMORAHHE MOXKCT OGOIiTHCE, B KOHIC KOHUOB, HCKYCCTRO paaH HCKyCCTRA TOKE uMeer ipago Ha cyttecrBonanne. 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Dror sonpoc eraHowurca kprouKoM, 3a KoropEtli YemIeTeH UuTTepec K CCE AORAHHTO CO CTOPOHKI APyTHX. TIpocTsie TORECTRORAHHS 0 KOHKPeTHOM OGLEKTE HH- a ‘TEPCCHBI B AYULLICM CRYYae YSKOMY KPYTY CIICUMANHCTOB, KOTOPbIC 3aHHIMAKOTCA TOM 3Ke CaMBbIM JEON. A BOT KaK 3aMHTepecoBats Hamel NpoGsemoii ApyrHx Kor? Dra 3anaya He u3 nerKHx. TT 9t0 nponsoiiaer ToaDKO B ABYX cHysaax: aH6o uenOBeKa NpHBsTeNeT KaKOii-TO NOBOpoT TIaHUpyeMoli TeMLI, s1H60 oH (OHA) cpeso- ‘Hupyer 1a mpoSsaemy apropa, m rayGoKHii WHUHBI HErTepec aBTOpA OT3OBeTeA MITTe- pecom apyrore. Bo sropom cayyae uenopek noiimer: 9To He Mpocto euke oAHa «aK- TYAIbHAA Tema H He HPOCTO cule OAH Hay4nAi exer. Dro sHHAR craBKa HeCAe- HOBATCAA, OH BKANKIBACT B HCC HE TOIBKO BPCMA, HO H HaCTHMy COOCTRCHHOTO «», on HeGespasmHen K IIpeMeTy, 2 3HANTT, BLICOKA BeposTHOCTL yBHeTL Ht YeuLULATE YTO-TO HETepecHoe, Tipu stom npoGnema He oGaxarenbHO jOAHA GuITh HeM-TO aGCOMOTHO HO- Bhim. Ecrb npoGyemil, Hail KOTOPHIMI AVSIM YMBt HeTOBCHeeTBa GbIOTcA Ha Tipo THKEHMM MHOTEX CTONETHIi, OIE TIOAOTROPHO paspeumaioTes, a 1OTOM cHORA ReTAIOT B HO uli PocT Hepes HOBLIMH HecweHOBaTenaNN, TaKOBLL, HApUMep, BONpoCLI © COOTHOMICHHM CTPYKTYphi H JelicTBHA, MaKpo- Mt MHKponopayKa, 06 OTHOMIeHHH HH aupnaa 1 oGuectsa. Ho xaxona Gxt, nt Gbuia saaysarias 1 sICHOBATEIEKAR CTpa- ‘rerna, Geperca JIM aBTOP 3a “BEYHBIi>» BONPOC HAI MbITAcTCA OTKPHITh CoRepUIcHHO HOByIO MlepcneKTHBy, TO He H3GaBMACT cro OT HeOGXoAUMOCTH ONPeneNeHHS mpeA Mera CBOHX H3bICKAHHiL, Eme Gonee sarpyanmet saga4y To oGcTosTenbeTsO, ¥o NpoGnemy HaqO He TOADKO HOHATD, HO H BHATHO H3NOAHTS B HECKONDKUX NpeMIOACHHAX, rae GysyT A Yka3aHHe Ha OOBEKT, H KOHTEKCTYAIbHBIC PAMKH, B KOTOPBIX OH PaccMaTpHBAcTCA, H CMBICHOBOe HecoorBeTeTBHe, «KONpANKT wHTepmperayuibs. IT paceyxjenHs oT- KPbIBAHOT TCKCT ABTOPA H BO MHOTOM ONPCACMAIOT, DOGepeTeA AM UHTATEMb JO Mo~ cnenuelt crpanmuet. Tipeace acero, arop NomKeH NOKA3aTR, HO MpeAMET HecTeORAKHA HIrTepe- COH [LIM ero CaMOTO, a 3aTeM YGeJHTS ApyrHX MoAeli B TOM, HTO OH MO>KeT HMETH. SUaUCHHe He TOMBKO JULI aBTOpA. K coxkanenmo, MHOFHe HatHHaloT co BTOpOrO, MBITAIOTEA HaBAZATh CBOE PEA crapnenue pyrum, npuiem B Gesmrio-arpeccupnoit dope, a cBoii suunati murre- PCC CTBILAMRO TIpsUyT 3a MackOii XonOAHO!! OGLCKTHBHOCTH. 8.5 Crpykrypa Tekera SIqpoM BCAKOTO MNCLMeHHOTO TeKCTA ABMAETCH KMOMERAR CRAIKA CTeRIC - ap- ryMent». Cywecrayior Hexoropste Bapuaitst 8 peaauszaysu stoli exemt, Hanpunep, padora Moxer Guts TeoperiMeckoli HIM SMIINpeCKOll, 1 9TO HE MOKET He B/ILTE Ha cTpykTYpy HarloxKeHHA. 76 Hawes ¢ TeopeTHuceKoii paGoTHl, OCHORAHHOM MPeHMYIIccTREHHO HIN He- KOMOMHTENBHO Ha JHTTepaTypHBIX HcTOSHHKAX. Takyio paGoTy Brose MowHO oT- EPbITS KPATKUM, HO BIeHATAMOMMMM OD3OPOM THX MCTOUHMKOR, {7TOGDI MOKA3ATE JuKTepaTypHYlO TPAAMLULO H OGOIHAMHTE HAMLUX npeaMeCTBEHHAKOB. 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A Kora 4HTATe MONHOCTHIO MOTepseTcA B. dorankax, Kora 6yieT icHO NPoAeMOHeTPHPOBAHO, TO HUKAKHe HAUL MpemLe- ‘CTRCHHHKH, HaYHHas CO BCCBCNYIINX KIACCHKOR H KOHYAs SPKHMH CoBpeMeHHUKa- MH, HaM ya HH4€M He NOMOPYT, BbIHACM Mbl, BCe B GeOM, H 3aaBHM CBO CHor- cumGareaayto nosHuMo. Takoii xo, BHONHE AONyeTHM, HO CONpAKEH ¢ HeKOTOpbIM puckom. Mii 20pKUbI OAT yeepeHbl, 4TO CyMceM MarHeCKO! cHIOM NaULero aH ROTROPAILETO CHORA YACpKATb YTATCHA, B Mepy 3alHTepecoRaHHoro xuTpocruiere- HHAMH Hameit MEIcIH, 10 NOGeAHOrO KoHNa. Muorue Bey Ao Hero He JoGepytes WAH, HAOGOPOT, PACKPOIT HALL MA/LCHBKHIi CCKPET, XHTPO CKOMBSHYB K MOCNeHHM. crpannuam. Eco nama paGora umeer 2MnupusecKuii xapaxrep, ce crpyktypa me- ckonbko Mensetes. Crayasa aenaetes Henpemennetii KonnentyanbMBtit 3ax0m hopmyspyetes Teac. SaTeM cneayer MeTomMHeCKas YACTR, PackpEIBAIoMAs XapaK- ‘rep HenonBayeMBIX AAHHLIX, Hi HaKoHeY, UIMAraMTeA COBCTREHHO pesynbTarEl OM- MHpHYeCKOTO HCCHeORAHHA, FAMETHM, UTO &MOMTACKHBAHHEY OTIENBHBIX PakTOR, HenPeMEHHO MOATBEPAAMOUINX HAIL NOSHIUHO, HI HcKycHBLit HoAGOp HLNOCTpA- THBHBIX TPUMEpoR, He OCTARINOMUIX y MUTATCHA COMHCHHI:, UTO AKHSHB HMCHHO Tax Kopa, KaK MBI ee ONNCHIBAEM, He MpeBpalllaer Hale HCCHELORAHHe B IMMMPIIECKoe. Tlocneanee npeamonarae’ enlelHH4eckHe NPOUCHypbl AHATHIA JAHBIX, & BO MHOrHX cHyYaaX H MpoH3BoRCTRO (c6op) ITHX AaMHENX. JloKHA nH paGora conep- 2KaT Henpementbiii oMMUpHuecKHii sneer? HKro na TOM He HacranBaer. Hame HCCHICAOBAHHE MOXCT OCHOBBIBATECA Ha UNCTO JINTepATYPHBIX MCTOUHMKAX H He CO- AepATk HHKAKHX OMMUPHYECKHX cBHeTeMBeT, OyHako He CTOHT cHoOpuTE © Tem, UTO CCH B PaGOTY BRIIOUCHEL MNHPHUCCKHE AAHHEIC (TEM Goce cBe:KHE H OpHrH- HambHbIe), TO OHa OT TOTO TOABKO BEIHTpacr, 1 cepHesHBIM OGpaz0M. WT Yacto samaioT RONpOC, HYAHO JM YBAIMIBATR pACcyANCHHA € CORPEMCHITO- CHO, BBIXOUTH Ha Hay poccHiicxyta npobsemaruxy. Taxoro oGa3arexbHoro Tpe- Gonanina ToxKe Her. Ho cc MBI CyMeeM MpOUepTHTh XOTA Obl MYHKTHPHY!O AHKINO: CBASH C HBINEMIHMMH peaiHIMH, ECA XoTa GEL HaMeKHeM, KAKoe OTHOUIeHMe HANI OTBIICUCHHEIe TOP MOFYT HMCTE K CCTOLHALIHe! AHHH, TO HALE Walch! 3annTe- pecosats suTarera saneTHo Bipactyt. Ho Ten cnenianbHBIMH BONpOCAMH, KOTO- PbIC BXOAT B KPYP HAW nporbeccHoHAIbHBX MHTepecon, BCerAa SaHMMactoA BecbMa orpanNucHHoc "Hcno moncii. Mocemy BBIXOmITE, nyeTs H3peKa, 3a pee JIbI 930TepHuecKoro 3HAHHA coBCeM He Paty. XOTA H He OBs3aTeNLHO. Elie ogo HeobazaTenbHoe TpeGOBAHHE: YATATEMO XOYETCA, YTOGbI H3 HALLETO ‘rexcra Gum poaum4ok cBexeii asropeKoii stsicam. TpeGonars cnepumenHa astopcKore: HOBHTa, T.c, CAMOCTOATEMBHOCTH H HOBH3HBI, opMasibHo-GiopoKxpariecKHM CPeXCTRAMH, KOHEUHO, CMELINO, XOTS, HaMPUMep, /MCCEpTaNOHHBIe COBETHI BBL HY-KCHBI HO PerwaMeHtTy MpeMIPHHUMATE TAKUe MOTBITKH, Yae BCE Ges BEAUNO- TO Yenexa, 3AcTABHT GHTb KAIOYOM 2RHBYIO ABTOPCKYIO MBICTB, KOHEUHO, HeAb3A, JIu6o ona ectp, 160 ee ner. Bepitemes k raastiomy Bonpocy — 06 aprymerrauuu. Kak ce crporte? Mito THe TOponsTca nepecKoUNITS K MpUMepaM, CuHtTas, UTO TaK GyaeT MONSTHeE. A HeKO- ‘TOPLIe AWAKE YBEPEHL!, UFO ITO HYTL JIM HE CAMHCTBEHHLIL croeoG AOeTyNHOFO H3- HOxeHHA CHOwKUDIX BONpOCoS. Jaa nymeli BAKHOCTH HX MOrYT Ha3bIBaTe «KelicanuDy npaktnKa, ocoGo KyABTHBMPyeMad B paGorax no MeHeMAMCHTY. Xoreioch Opt HECKOUIBKO OXTAIHTS 3TOT GexyslepAHBIii HTY3HA3M CAIEAYIOMNM MPaBMLIOM. Jlokasarenserso ¢ HOMOULIO npuMepos — He sy4uMi cnocod oGocHORAHNA HOSHLMH, 160 OHO HE ABIACTCA LOKAIATENECTBOM BOBCE, TIpumeppr cayxar B nystuem caysae wunoerpanneii o6mmx monomer, HIM MOAHO MPHOCTHYTH, YTOOM SakpeHIHTh H OAMBHTH CyXHe OrMMeeKHe NocTysa~ ‘rel. Econ oe MPHMepbI BBICTABNAOTCH B KAYCCTRE NOKAIATENBCTB, TO OHH CTAHOBATCA HCBONLHLIMH CBHACTC/ILETBAMH Hallero GeccHAMs — HCBO3MOXAHOCTH AOBEETH CBO MBICIb 0 KOHIA JOTHYeCKHMH cpemeTBaMH. Kore4Ho, Heab3a ynycKaTb 13 BHAy BOIMOAHBIE HeKMOTeHH, CKaxeM, CyLUCCTBYIOT LIMpoKHe OSzacrH Mpasa, KOTOpEIE no crocii cyrm sgamorca npcucacHTHBMu. M1 mpusepsi HanpaMyto ucnosB3yIoTCA SQeCh KaK KHPIMYHKH B MOCTpoeHHM creHEI JoKasarenkcrea. Ho pacnpocrpanaTs HOAOGHELIe CHEUMGUYECKHE NPABHVla Ha Bee COLMAALHBIE HeeTenOBAH GLUI0 OBL ‘onpomeTsnBo. TIpyrum cnocoSom mocrpoeuma aprymerraan, BecbMa xapaxrepubim suUL MHOKECTRA paOOT, ABIACTCA MOCHCLOBATETBHOE PasBopayHRaHHe MOSHI KAKOTO- HuOy.tb aBTopa (111 apropos). Hanpumep, yraepxKqaeres, 4TO HeKHii 3HaMCHUTBIii aBTop (ckaxkem, IT, Bypab¢) WH, HaOGOPOT, KaKOH-TO Ma/OH3BCCTHBI (OKA) Qea- ‘Teab © YenexoM penn HeKyIO BaxKHyIO MpOGemy. Ha ocHoBe Kpnyca TeKCTOR 8 AQHHOTO ABTOPa H3MaraloTcA cro (CC) MO3HIHH B KAKOM-TO 3aaHHOM pakypee. Bee Heaetes TepMUHOTOrH4ecKH rpamoTHo, hopMupyetes Brose alexBarHoe pe ‘CTABJICHHE 0 B3PANAX AHHOFO HecseAOBATEAA, Barem caeqyer abioa, 410 o3HayeHHui IT. Bypabe peum-raku mocrapneu- ‘Hy!0 mpo6jemy, A MbI BMecTe ¢ HHM BbINOMHHIH H 3aua4y Hallelt padoTh. H Bee sponte Su xopouo, Ho uero-ro no-npexHemy ne xpataer, Yero? He xeataer Toro, 4TO HasbIBAcTCA KPHTHYeCKHM apryMeH TOM Ecan Mbt rpaMoTHo H310KHIM 4H-TO TeOpeTHHeeKHe NOIHUMM, 370 Cao NO ceGe HeIIOXO, HOO BBINIOIHeHA BaxKHAN MpocBeTHTeNbeKas 3ata4a, Ho HosOOHAA pa- Gora Bee Ke HOCHT pedhepaTHBHblli XapaKTep, Pecbeparusuniii 2nemenr zormKeH Comepaarbca B 210G0m Tpyste, Hu Ges oTeBITEAT K TPA XOpoMIad paGora NpocTo He cocroutes. wake 9TOT oHeMeHT = AML HeoOXOAUMOE, HO, yBBI, He WOCTaTOUHOE YenoBHE sa NporpeccHoHambuOl paboTEA 08 s1oM roBopur eeayIoMee npaBwio. 8.6 Kprrmeckan onenxa npeniaraemoro Matepirana Texer 2OmKCH CoepKATh KPHTHMECKYIO OUCHKY HBTOKCHHBIX MOSH. Xo- poumx paor Ges KpHTH4ecKoro aprymeHTa He Obinaer. Kpuriueckuii apryMeHT MOoxeT BBOJHTECA pasHBIMH crlocoGaMu. MoxHo CTONRHYTE MOSHI pasHBIX aBTopos, Hanpumep II. Bypabe u A. Typena. B stot CAY4Ae KONLCHTYATBHD ANON OAHOTO aBTOpA CTABIM B OTIMOSHEUTO ApyrOMy, TIpo- CHS B TOM CTOAKHOBCHHH B3PAAbI OOOHX. 3ueck orkpsiaetcs oneparueuntii npoctop .UIH TROpYeCTBa, H MoXKHO TIpe- CTABHTS, HANPHMep, 4TO CYTO GB, ecm GLI HA y3KOi TPOTIHAKe BeTpPeTHINcH M. BeGep nT. Hapcone. Ho nyse ace oe He 3aHOCHTBEA aNeKO B CBONX dharTagH- AX H BMCCTO «MAPANOKCANBEGIX TOCTANOBOK THITa “KO CHITBHCE — KHT HUI CON?» oGpamarees K peatsHo cymectsyrouum ne6aran. Moxno notirH copepmienie HHBIM TyteM — BReCTH KPHTHUeCKHi aprymeHT OP NepEoro JHA H NpOH3BOANTS pasSop TeopeTH4ECKHX JOKAzATELCTR C COGCTREH- HbIX TosHHi. B moGem crysae oro NpeOMaraer AHCTANUMpoBAHHe OT TeKCTOR Ht Kopnyca bakTor, BBIxos, B peduexcHBnyro TosHmto. HyxHo HaiiTH B ceOe pecypcnt JIA Toro, HTOGEI OTCTPAHNTRCA OT MaTepHATA H_BINIAHYTE Ha Hero OLEHMBAKOUEAM B3raaiom, Hamiane cRoeii nosiiHm Gyner Ao:KIGIM C6pasoM ONeHerHO MALEHM H- ‘rarement Ho oro ene ue ce. Bona Kprrmaccnait apryment, Mi TenbKo mmptraemca ‘rponyteca c Mecra, Boicuimii nuaorax Havmaeres c pedsleKcun Broporo yposHa, Kora MBI, HE YAORAETROPHBMINES WIMOKEHKEM COGCTHENEEIX CYKEHHI, BHOB OT cTyriaeM Ha War B CTOpOHY u OGHAKAeM OpPyxHE NpOTHB caMUX ceGA, T.e. POPMHpy- ~ OM KPHTHYCCKH ApryMeHT B OTHOMICHHH CoScTRCHHOM NosHUHH, 3a4eM 9TO Hy2KHO? Hy, yok, KOHEHHO, He [UIA Toro, 4TOOB 3aHMMATRCH MYOMHBIM H, KAK TIpaBHutO, MIpHTROPHBIM caMOYHIMUDKEHHEM: mpoOsieMa, AecKATb, Takaa GombULAA, a MBI TaKHe ‘Manenbkue. Met TOKO BLIFEILIBAeM 3-3a Meu rurauToR HT. n. He ago store koxererBa, Hyxkna pepsleKcHBHad paGota, KOTOpad MPH3BaHa LIPOACHHTh (Wa ceOa H JA ApYTHX) OcHORAHHA H OrpannucHna HAWHX BarnafoR, A HyaHA OHA IA TOTO, YOO UBHFATHCH ALLE, H HE HO BONE BONE, a 10 BeNeHMIO pysteBOro Kosteca. Cacayer uct» Benay, 70 pedscKcHs nepsoro yposHa (110 MOBO HyKUX HOsHUNii) aBAAeTCA OOsGATENLHBIM TpeGoRANHEM ALIA BCAKO!L aHAMUTHMeCKO! pado- Th (UHCTO AKATEMHYECKON HIM MPHKAALHOI), MPHYeM TpeGoRAaHHeM, KOTOpoe co- Omogaerca, K ComaneHMO, HeHACcTO. Uro ake Kacaetes peduleKeHH BrOPOrO YPOBHA (HO HOBOLY CBOHX B3NAALLOB), TO Haguinare ee oOazaTenbHOll KaK-ro Heyqo6u0. Xora no-HacrosueMy cHALUOI paGo- thi 6e3 xroro He cAeIaTE. Tip oToM MMeeTeR OnpeneACHHBIit PeecTP THTMGHDX OMINGOK, CoRepIAEntEIX B pasHOre posla TChMeHHBIX TeKeTAX — aHamuTHecKHX mt perbeparHBHBIx, HccTe HOBATEABCKHX H yUeSHEIX. Hayem ¢ OMLOOK, cBASANHBIX ¢ TeMoil (sariaBHeM) pax GoTE. 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Hirak, ona 13 pacnpoctpanicHiibix OWMGOK cRsBAHA C 3aTHKHMIMH pasronasut 1. .UIMEHBIMM npegBictopHann, He ycreelrb ornaHyTbcs, a TeKCT yKe HW 3aKOHMILICR. Bropaa NpHHHa, HO KOTOPOI! ABTOP He YeTeBaeT «JOCXAaTL» 10 CyTH BOrIpeca, - 3TO YACTHIC OTBICUCHHA H OTKIOHCHHA OT IaBHOH TeMbI NOBeCTBOBAHHA. Besb Tak MHOFO BCEFO HEEPECHOrO, H Mbl TAK MHOPO 3HAeM - H TO, 1 9TO XOMCTCA BIHCHYTh B ‘COMMA TeKcT. Ciena Lar BEBO, TOTOM ee ONE, TOTOM Bpore OBI RepHyses, HO ye He B TO MecTO, ¢ KoTOporo Hauan. A no TYTH HoTepsI wITaTeNs, KoTOpBIli He CTOAB XOpOLlO OPHCHTHPYCTCA B MAPLUPYTAX VAUX MBICIei, Oco6cHHo MHOro oT- BICHCHH CBAIAHO ¢ TAK Ha3bIBAeMBIMH 310G0THEBHBIMH BOMpocaMH. 80 A Temepb © caMoii pacpoctpancHnoli 1 camoli Taxcnoii mpo6teme paGoTe ¢ HTOrOBBINH TeKcTamm, TeKCT MOXXET COCTORTH HI HECKONIBKHX “acTeit, KOTOpBIE cra 60 cRasanBt Merny COOol WM NocTpoeHisl No NpHHUATY «B oropore GysitHa, a B Ku ene aabKa. [Ipu 9ToM, ¥70 MOGOMLITHO, KaK LAT YACTE MOXET OBIT OVeHL HeAypHa oOo, Ho Bee BMecTe OHH HHKAK He ¢MOTpATeH H TEM Gonee He YATaroTCA, TogTo~ MY, KOHEYHO, Haxo OSpaujars ocobee BHUMAHHe Ha CTpyKTYpy paorsl, comepaa- TENbHYIO CBAS Hacteli (AACE ECAH OHM HArWICAbt B pasHoil CrIMIMETHKe) W HOFNAE= CKHE NepeXonbl MEKAY HUM. 31CCh BHOBS HE FOBOPUM HIMCTO HOBOTO HI C:102KHO- ro. OpHaKo eTuIOW H paztoM 9TO TpeGoRAHHE HE BBITIOHACTES. H elie ona AocanHad «Me10Ub», TOKE OUCHb pacpocTpancHHad. Iro npe- BpILeHHe OGKeMa. ZaKasaH OHH NeYaTHEAi ANCT, a npexcraBanerca noarropa. FIpo- car 12 crpannu — paeres 20. Y anropa axe rak MHoro ueHHore MarepHauta! TIpy STOM MpUMeHAOTeA ManeHBKHe XHTpocTH: AoGaBnsioTes cCrpouKH Ha crpaHAue Wm SHAKH B CTpoKe, YMCHbUUACTes HUTepBAl H TlouMaKAcTeS pagMep WpHCpTa. TpeGoranne coGmosarh OOheM HIMIYTH He MeHee cephesHo, en ApyrHe Tpe- Gosanua. H Hesaxno, wer a peas 06 yseGuoii paGore, cratbe ® skypHan wun sa KASHOM aHATIITHYeCKOM MaTepHade, 3a1eM 3acTaRNAT Monell suCTATS mMMIeE HNL CTABHTE HX B Hey{OONOe NOMOACHUC, 3ABTIIBAT CHOP, AOKABIBATS, HACKONEKO UCHeH MaTepHayl ABTOPA, PACCKASLIBATE CKASKH O TOM, YTO H3 HERO aGCOMHOTHO HEYe~ ro BbiOpocuTs — GyKsanbHo Kak ¢n0B0 13 necHH Heme: npocurs 3axasunxa, peakropa 11M pykeBouurrena coxpamiarh Texct 3a ABTOPA, BO-IIePRBIX, HE OVEHD-TO yAOGHO, HOO ACE-TAKH 9TO O6s3aHHOCTS aBTOpa, A BO-BTOPEIX, OHH Be”b MOryT CoKpaTHTD, polis GexxaTCTHO pyKoii 10 canomy: Jloporomy, H nocneanee. He nay tpacruch nan cnoum TeKcToM, Kax 6y”ro OW TlOeTeA- uni, [ucare ero Kak mocneaHuil, MoxeT, HB CaMOM Zee Hy%KHO, a OTOM, BLLLEp= oKAB Nay3y, Ha KOPOTKOM BbLLOXe COSCTREHHO! aBTOPCKOli PyKOli OTCCUL BCE JTHII- tee, OcTaBHM 2 cTOpOHE aBHEIe OMNGRH W OOpaTHMeR K Gowee TOHKHM RoNpocaM, comsannbi ¢ bopmoii u3ao%eHna Marepuana. 3nec pew uneT yxKe He 0 TpeboBa- HIISX, a CKOPCE O COBCTAX H PEKOMCHAALLHAX. 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