State Focus The Sun rises in the Northeast This article attempts to review the renewable energy programme in the region of solar technology and suggests measures for development of the sector in Northeast India www electricalindia.in 182, Electrical India ber he Indian renewable energy [ors ima attractive renewable energy market in the world. The country ranks fourth in the world in terms of total installed wind power capacity, Installed renewable power generation capacity has increased steadily over the years, posting a CAGR of 9.29 per cent over FY 08-18. India added record 11,788 MW of renewable energy capacity in 2017-18 and 1,832.26 MW (grid interactive and offgrid)Table 1: Growth of installed capacity in India (Source: MINE) installed Thermal (MW) ——_| Nuclear Renewable WW) Total] Growth Capacity [Goat | Gas | Diese! [SubTotal] ™™ [ryaro] omer | sub otal | (™™) | (on yearly son thermal Renewable | Renewable pasa) Bipeca7| 756] =| 38] 854] | soa =| soe) 1362 : 31 pecso] vooa] -| a9 | asa] ___-| 60 =[___ sso] 713] 858% aimarss[1so7[ =| a8 _va2s| =| 061 =| 061 [2.886] 13.0% simarst| 2496] _-| 00] 2736] __-| 1907, =[__1a07 4653] 12.25% aimar6s|4ai7| 137] 352] 4903] =| aza =[__4i24 | 9027] 18.80% aimar74]96s2| 165] 241] 9058] 50) 6966 =| 6966) 16664] 10.50% simar79| 14875| 168164] 15207] 640 | 10833, =| 1083326680] 12.02% Bimares| 26311] saz] 17] 27.030] 1095 | 1460 =| 14460) a2505| 994% BiMara0| a1236| aaa) 165] aa764) 1565 [18307 =| 18307) 63636] 989% ai maro7| 54154] 6562] 294] 110] 2.295) 2,658 saz] 20,560] 05,795] _45e% aimaroa|_62iai| 1163) 1135] 74029] 2,720] 26269 1.628) 27.897 105,006] 449% aimaro7| 71.12%] 13.692] 1202] e615] 3900] 24654 7.760] _azara| 192229] 5.19% 3i mar 12412022] 18381] 1.200] 131,603] 4780] 38990] 2450] asa] 199877] 9.00% simari7| 192,163] 25329] <36| 218330] 6780| 4ea7a| 57260] _io1.138| 326eat| 10.31% simarie| 197,171] 24997 | 36 [ 220906] 6780 | 45258] 690a2[ 114315] 34ao02| 5.25% in Aprikjuly 2018. The focus of Government of India has shifted to dlean energy after it ratified the Paris Agreement. With the increased support of government and improved economics, the sector has become attractive from investors perspective. AS India looks to meet its energy demand fn its own, which is expected to reach 15,820 TWH by 2040, renewable energy is set to play an important role. Renewable energy in India comes under the purview of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). India was the first country in the world to set up a ministry of | non-conventional energy resources, in the early 1980s, Solar Energy Corporation of India (SEC) is responsible for the development of solar energy industry in India, Life on Earth is heliocentric as most of the energy is derived from GRDSS-ISC) ‘ember 2018 183www.electricalindia in 184) State Focus Figure 2: North East India the Sun, Imminent climate changes and demand of clean energy has raised up significantly. The proper dissemination of technologies for large scale power generation is determined by the true potential of identified solar hotspots. The power generation with the emission reduction potential aiming to achieve the long term target. of NSM (national solar mission) considering the techno- economic and organisational aspect in the dissemination of solar power technologies like SPV (Golar photovoltaic) cells and CSP (concentrated solar power) The electricity generated by SPV cells in proportional to area exposed and intensity of global Figure 4: Anticipated all India power supy peak (Source: www.cea Electrical India. | December 20 Figure 3: Anticipated all India power supply position in terms of energy (Source: www.ceanicin) insolation received. Component selection and system design plays a pivotal role in SPV power-based system. CSP__ technology preferentially utllises the direct component of global insolation which could be forwarded to the receiver using lenses or mirrors. The receiver being of smaller area decreases heat loss and hence increases the efficiency. With the help of high-resolution data from NASA SSE the solar hotspots based on exploitable potential in India across the federal boundaries of India and agro climate zones are identified. Direct insolation with minimum threshold value of 1800Kwh/m2/ year is the best recommended for ly position in terms of in) CSP in order to achieve levelised electricity costs. CSP technologies perform better in semi-arid and arid regions. Direct insolation with respect to global insolation varies season wise, Energy Scenario in Northeast India The seven sisters and one little brother (Sikkim) region of india are less developed region of the country. The Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region has improved the electrification status of Northeast India. The North Eastern states are achieving greener grid. From Figure 3 and 4, it Is observed that the surplus energy is anticipated of the order 3 per Figure 5: Acute power supply in north east India in terms of energy (Source: www:cea.nicin)Figure 6: Acute power supply in Northeast India in terms of peak (Source: www.ceanic.in) cent in the north eastern region whereas the peaking surplus is likely to prevail in the north eastern region tunes to 2.7%. The actual energy requirement, energy availability, peak demand and peak demand met in North Eastern Region during 2016-17 was lower than anticipated Central Electricity Authority LGBR: 2017-18 9 by 6.5%, 0.9%, 11.2% and 8.2% respectively. The actual energy shortage in the Region was 2.8% as compared to forecast shortage of 8.3%, The actual energy shortages in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur and Nagaland were 2.1%, 3.6%, 3.4% and 1.9% against the anticipated shortages of 8.9%, 22.4%, 3.6%and 15.0% respectively. The main reason for lower energy shortages than the anticipated were lower actual energy requirement and higher actual energy availability than the anticipated figures. The actual ‘energy shortages in the case of Mizoram and Tripura were 2.6% and 1.3% against anticipated surplus of 10.6% and 73.9% respectively due to lower energy availability than the forecast. The Table 2: Solar G seroma ‘Arunachal Pradesh 9 4.39 ‘Assam 14 12.45 Manipur 1 133 Meghalaya 6 0.06 Mizoram 9 (0.02 Nagaland 7 0.05 ‘Sikkim 5 0.01 Tripura 2 5.09 Total 234 ‘Gource NRE] lower energy availability to net export of power by Mi and Tripura through bilateral contracts or through traders. Meghalaya did not face any energy shortage against an anticipated shortage of 6.8% due to lower energy requirement. ‘ut of all the above-mentioned techniques use of solar energy is easily available, clean and economic way to generate electricity. In India solar radiation is available sufficiently over the country. The dependency on none renewable sources, will be decreased if extraction of soler power is increased. In long term it will also reduce carbon dioxide emission to the environment. The extraction of electricity from solar energy in the north eastern region can be portrayed in different ways such as solar grid programme (table 2), solar parks (table 3), grid connected roof top and small solar power plant programme in the north eastern states (table 4), The state-wise solar energy potential and solar capacity installed in the north eastern region states is given in the above table 2. The national solar mission aims to achieve a target of 100 GW. The ministry has selected the capacity of phase-lI grid connected projects through various schemes such as bundling, generation- based incentive (GB), viability gap funding (VGF). Depending upon the availability of resources the target capacity may be altered. The following solar parks are been approved under the mentioned states in the north east region Electrical India | December 2018 185State Focus Table 3: Solar parks state [Capacity (MW) [Name of the solar power __|Land identified parks developer [Assam 80 APGCL [Amguri in Sibasagar district Meghalaya 20 MPGCL Thamur, West jaintial hills and Suchen, East Jaintial hills district Nagaland B Directorate of new and Ganesh Nagar of Dimapur and Jalukie renewable energy, Nagaland _|of Paren district [Arunachal Pradesh 30 APEDA [Tezu township in Lohit district [Manipur 20 Manipur tribal development | Bukpi village, Pherzawi district corporation Itd [Mizoram 20 ZEDA Vankal, Mizoram [Total 193 Table 4: Grid connected roof top and small solar power plant programme of renewable and efficient energy process. The main reason behind solar energy generation of Northeast region is clear weather which adds up to huge generation of solar potential. As per NELIVE, solar power extracted in these regions is SkWh per square metre. The Solar City Programme of MNRE will host the development of Guwahati and Jorhat Dimapur and Kohima Dr. Sarat Kumar Sahoo inthe north eastern states states Installed capacity (MW) as on 31.01.2018 [Assam 24 [Arunachal 10 Pradesh Manipur 5715 Mizoram 3.855 (Assam), [Tripura 05, [Total 4407 (Source: Annual Report 2017-18, MNRE) Conclusion Having enormous potential, Northeast India acts as a role model Professors HOD. {Source Anual Report 2077-18, MINA) (Nagaland), Agartala, Tripura and Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh). NEEPCO aims to generate at least 1,500 MW of power from renewable energy in Northeast by 2020 under theunitednation'sclean development mechanism initiative. From this it is clear that efficient use of solar energy in Northeast region will help India earn the dream of “renewable super power” in the near future. s Priti Pallabi Das: Set cet Ens Parada BOMB cclege'Bestipr, Basha We will keep you updated, so stay tuned. Enroll to our weekly newsletter Wee aur| Mobile friendly www electricalindia.in eS & Electrical India Ec | December 2018 PUTCO MCRAE ATL) market trends & latest technologies. Product News, Appointments & many more ere eC eC ae RUT ——q BoM eee ULC eae eee peed