GRAMMAR APPLICATION Gerund or Infinitive - Verbs + verbs + ing/to Verbs commonly followed by a gerund 1- After verbs that express likes/dislikes: like / love / enjoy / dislike / hate [Note "TikeTloveThate.." can be also followed by an infinitive Example: ike playing soccer but I hate boxing. Example: [ike to watch TV in the evening. 22 After verbs such as : ‘Verbs Examples ‘Verbs Examples admit He admitted stealing the wallet. involve | The job involves working in teams. advise I wouldn't advise buying a used car. Tee He keeps complaining about his girlfriend. allow ray daa Pall aaRSe HPSS ‘mention | He mentioned working in that company. anticipate | He anticipated passing the exam. mind Would you mind helping me? avoid __| She avoided meeting him, miss _| He misses talking to her. appreciate | I appreciate working with you. permit | The don't permit smoking here. ** complete _| They completed building their house. postpone | They postponed travcling to Japan. consider _| She considered starting a new business. |_practice __| She practiced painting. delay ‘She delayed doing her homework, reject, He rejected working with them. ‘deny He denied stealing the mone Tesist___| He couldn't resist cating the cake. fane Fancy meeting you here! risk She risks losing her job. finish | She finished writing the letter. suggest _ | I suggest leaving early 20. ‘Go swimming. waste’ imagine __| He imagines meeting her. time/money| Don't waste my time complaining. (Note that, lke allow, when an object is introduced an infinitive is used (Note that when an object is introduced an infinitive is used instead Instead of a gerund: they permitted us to leave earls) ofa gerund: they allowed us to leave early.) 3. After prepositions ‘im at /keep on interested in /instead of /good at ‘before. after... Example: I am interested in collecting stamps./ After playing football 1 4- After some expressions : rank an orange juice Its no use... It's no good... ‘There's no point in... can't help... I don't mind... I cant stand/bear.. Example: It's no use convincing him to Verbs that can be followed by an infinitive neet her: 4- After verbs that generally refer to a future event Verbs ‘Examples Verbs Examples afford | We can’t afford to buy a now car. jean __|He leamed to play the guitar when he was young, | agree | She agreed to help him. manage | He managed to do his homework without his mothers help }aim___} The government aims to reduce illiteracy tates | |meed __| [need to find a job. arrange | He arranged to stay at a hotel offer | He offers to help us. | attempt _| He attempted to join them, plan___| He plans to follow a career as an engineer. choose _| He chose to stay at home. lpretend |The child pretended to be asleep. consent | She consented to marry him. proceed _| He proceeded to show us how to use the machine. decide |" They decided to go to the movies. promise_| She promised to come on time. deserve | He deserves to be punished. refuse _| She refused to forgive him. ‘demand | He demanded to speak to Mrs. Lynch jseem | He seemed to be unhapp) endeavor] They endeavor to provide the best possible service | [swear [I swear to tell the truth. expect_| They expected to arrive earl threaten [He threatened to reveal her secret fail__| He failed to convince him. [volunteer | He always volunteers to help the needy. hhappen_| They happened to be at the theatre when we met them) [want | T want to finish my work earl help | She helped me to do the exercise, fwould hate]He would hate to lose hope | hope to join you as soon as possible. would like He would like to drink a cup of tea. intend _| She intends to write an autobiography. [would love) I would love to meet you. 2- After adjectives 3- After "too" & "enough": be determined ‘be disappointed /be glad ‘be happy ‘be pleased to difficult /easy enough Examples: I'm glad to know that you passed the exam. ‘I'm pleased Example: It's too difficult to convince him tobe helpful. /But i's easy to meet you. /'m disappointed to hear that you flunked maths. enough to fool him to get what you want Verbs that can be followed by both an infinitive and a gerund: Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, Here are some examples: start /begin /stop /temember., Example: I started smoking when I was young. /I started to smoke when I left the office.