SX X1276 D Develop USE Pment R Guid Kit DE: W Wireless, Sensing & & Timing PR Roducts

SX1276
6 Developm
ment Kit
USERR GUIDE
W
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PR
RODUCTS
SX
X1276 D
Develop
pment Kit
USER GUID
DE
Revision 1.1 – May 2014 age 1 of 53

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©2014 Seemtech Corpo oration
SX1276 Development Kit
USER GUIDE
WIRELESS, SENSING & TIMING PRODUCTS
Table of Contents
Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2

Index of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ 3
1 Preamble ................................................................................................................................................ 4
2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 4
3 Getting Started ....................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Evaluation Kit Contents ................................................................................................................. 5
3.2 Ordering information ..................................................................................................................... 6
3.3 Updating the firmware ................................................................................................................... 6
4 Eiger Platform Presentation ................................................................................................................... 6
4.1 Platform Description .................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 SX1276 Module Hardware .......................................................................................................... 11
4.2.1 SX1276RF1IAS ....................................................................................................................... 11
4.2.2 SX1276RF1JAS ...................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.3 SX1276RF1KAS...................................................................................................................... 13
4.2.4 Module Antenna ...................................................................................................................... 14
5 Eiger platform for PER Testing ............................................................................................................ 15
5.1 Menu Description ........................................................................................................................ 15
5.2 Using the Eiger platform.............................................................................................................. 15
5.2.1 System Window....................................................................................................................... 16
5.2.2 PER Demo Window ................................................................................................................ 19
5.2.3 PER Rx Bar-graph .................................................................................................................. 28
6 SX1276SKA Software Description....................................................................................................... 29
6.1 SX1276SKA Quick start Guide ................................................................................................... 29
6.2 LoRa Mode .................................................................................................................................. 32
6.2.1 LoRa Menu .............................................................................................................................. 32
6.2.2 LoRa Common Window .......................................................................................................... 33
6.2.3 LoRa Parameters Window ...................................................................................................... 34
6.3 FSK Mode ................................................................................................................................... 35
6.3.1 FSK Menu ............................................................................................................................... 35
6.3.2 Common window ..................................................................................................................... 36
6.3.3 Transmitter window ................................................................................................................. 37
6.3.4 Receiver window ..................................................................................................................... 38
6.3.5 IRQ and Map window .............................................................................................................. 39
6.3.6 Packet Handler window ........................................................................................................... 40
6.3.7 Sequencer window .................................................................................................................. 41
6.3.8 Temperature window ............................................................................................................... 42
7 How to... ............................................................................................................................................... 43
7.1 … perform a simple transmission / reception in LoRa ................................................................ 43
7.2 … perform a simple transmission / reception in FSK .................................................................. 45
7.3 … perform Continuous transmission and Reception in LoRa ..................................................... 49
7.4 … Log the Transmitted or Received packets .............................................................................. 50
7.5 … perform a CW or PN9 Tx test on the SX1276 ........................................................................ 51
7.6 … check the frequency accuracy of the SX1276 module ........................................................... 51
8 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................... 52
8.1 The Eiger platform indicates very high PER even in short range ............................................... 52
8.2 The communication range in Lora is very poor ........................................................................... 52
8.3 The SX1276SKA do not detect the device through the USB ...................................................... 52
8.4 The Eiger platform does not seem to work anymore .................................................................. 52
8.5 The Eiger platform touch screen is not accurate ........................................................................ 52
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©2014 Semtech Corporation
USER GUIDE
Index of Figures
Figure 1: SX1276 Development Kit ............................................................................................................... 5

Figure 2: Eiger platform description ............................................................................................................ 10
Figure 3: SX1276RF1IAS Module Schematic ............................................................................................. 11
Figure 4: SX1276RF1JAS Module Schematic ............................................................................................ 12
Figure 5: SX1276RF1KAS Module Schematic ........................................................................................... 13
Figure 6: LF and HF Antenna Connection .................................................................................................. 14
Figure 7: Frequency Band Targeted Antenna............................................................................................. 14
Figure 8: Connect both USB ports to use the SX1276SKA ........................................................................ 29
Figure 9: SX1276 window organization ...................................................................................................... 30
Figure 10: Register table ............................................................................................................................. 31
Figure 11: SX1276SKA Boot-up windows .................................................................................................. 33
Figure 12: LoRa Radio parameters window................................................................................................ 34
Figure 13: FSK window structure ................................................................................................................ 35
Figure 14: FSK Common window ............................................................................................................... 36
Figure 15: FSK Transmitter window ............................................................................................................ 37
Figure 16: FSK Receiver window ................................................................................................................ 38
Figure 17: FSK IRQ and Map window ........................................................................................................ 39
Figure 18: FSK Packet Handler window ..................................................................................................... 40
Figure 19: FSK Sequencer window ............................................................................................................ 41
Figure 20: FSK Temperature window ......................................................................................................... 42

USER GUIDE
1 Preamble
This document describes how to use the SX1276 Evaluation kit. This document describes especially the
SX1276 Eiger platform and the SX1276SKA User Interface. We strongly recommend for the user to read
thoroughly the datasheet of the SX1276 prior to start working on the device. Most of this document
assumes a general knowledge on the SX1276 and modern RF communications.
2 Introduction
The SX1276 is a single-chip integrated circuit ideally suited for today's high performance ISM band RF
applications. Added to the renowned, high-performance and low-cost, FSK / OOK RF transceiver modem,
the SX1276 is also equipped with the LoRa proprietary transceiver modem. This advanced feature set,
including a state of the art packet engine, greatly simplifies system design whilst the high level of
integration reduces the external BOM to a handful of passive decoupling and matching components. It is
intended for use as high-performance, long range, half-duplex bi-directional RF links, and where stable
and constant RF performances are required over the full operating range of the device down to 1.8V.
The SX1276 is intended for applications over a wide frequency range and it is covering all available sub-
1GHz frequency bands (168MHz, 434MHz, 470MHz, 868MHz and 902MHz). Coupled with a link budget
in excess of 135 dB in FSK in excess of 155 dB in LoRa, the SX1276 really offers the possibility of two
modems in one single package. The SX1276 complies with both ETSI and FCC regulatory requirements
and is available in a 5x5 mm QFN 28 lead free package.
The SX1276 Evaluation kit, based around the Eiger platform, allows the user to test every aspect of the
radio, both from the system and RF point of view.
On one hand, the Eiger platform is a touch screen portable device which has been design to enable quick
and easy testing of the PER performances of the SX1276. On the other hand, the SX1276SKA is a PC
based evaluation tool which allows in depth testing of the radio.
This document is therefore divided in two parts: the first part present the SX1276 Eiger module and how
to perform PER test in LoRa and FSK; the second part of this document present the SX1276 SKA and
how it can be used to test every single aspect of the radio.

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3 Ge
etting Sta
arted
3.1 Ev
valuation Kit Conttents
The SX12
276DVK1 Dev velopment Kitt consists of:
 2 x SX1276RF F1 modules
 2 x Eiger platfo
orms
 2 x dipole ante
ennas for LF frequency
f ban nd
 2 x dipole ante
ennas for HF frequency
f band
 2 x Mini-USB cables
c
 2 x Touch Scre een Styluses
 Disclaimer
D Notte
Figure
F 1: SX1
1276 Develop
pment Kit

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3.2 Orrdering in
nformatio
on
Each of part
p of the SX1276 Evaluattion kit can be e ordered as a single entitty or in a who
ole package. W
When
ordering, please refer to
t the followin
ng parts numb
bers:
SX1276DVK1IAS SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 169/868M
MHz version w
with TCXO
SX1276DVK1JAS SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 433/868M
MHz version w
with XTAL
SX1276DVK1KAS SX1276 De
evelopment Kit
K - 490/915M
MHz version w
with XTAL
SX1276R
RF1IAS SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 169/868
8MHz version
n with TCXO + Antennas
RF1JAS
SX1276R SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 433/868
8MHz version
n with XTAL + Antennas
SX1276R
RF1KAS SX1276 Ev
valuation Mod
dule - 490/915
5MHz version
n with XTAL + Antennas
For more information on

o each of thee options avaiilable, please , contact your local Semteech representative.
The SX12276SKA evalu uation softwarre, the firmwa
are, drivers an
nd all SX1276 6 related mate
erials are ava
ailable
on the Se
emtech websitte: http
p://www.semttech.com/wire eless-rf/rf-tran
nsceivers/
3.3 Up
pdating th
he firmwa
are
Updating the Eiger plattform firmwarre is straight forward
f given that the userr follows some simple step
ps.
The first step
s is to insta
all the Eiger platform
p driverrs on the PC used to upda ate the firmwaare. These driivers,
called RLink USB drive ers are located in the folder RLinkDrv giiven with every version of the firmware.. To
install the driver, simplyy launch the file
f RLinkUSB BInstall.exe.
Once the RLink driverss are installedd, the firmwaree upgrade is done through h the update.bbat file which will
upload the
e correct vers mware depending on seve ral options re
sion of the firm elated to the E
Eiger platform
m or
module beeing used. When launching g the applicattion, the follow
wing window opens:

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This window invites the

e user to seleect the STM32 2 daughter bo oard fitted on the Eiger plattform. The
pictures below
b should help the user to recognize which daugh hter board is w
which. Added d to this, the
STM32F4 407 daughter board is equipped with a small
s camera clearly visiblee at the back of the module. To
finish, the
e STM32F429 9 is easily iden
ntifiable thank
ks to the size of its MCU.
STM32F103
3 Module
STM32F407
7 Module
STM32F42
29 Module

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er platform is not powered up, is wrongly connected o

If the Eige or if the RLinkk drivers are not installed, the
following message will be displayedd on the screeen:
uation, the user need to ma

In this situ ake sure the device
d ed and turned on. Please, rrefer
is corrrectly powere
to section 4.1 of this doocument for more
m informattion.

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hat the full upg

This is wh grader should
d look like at the
t end of the
e software up
pdate.
Once the software has been upgrad mmended to reset all the internal settings on the Eig
ded, it is recom ger
platform. For more info
ormation on how to achieve e this, please , refer to secttion 5.2.1.1 off this docume
ent.

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4 Eig
ger Platfform Pre
esentatio
on
4.1 Pllatform Descriptio
on
The Eigerr platform is in
ntended to en
nable a quick and easy ran nge test of the sx1276 mo
odule. Here m
most of
the modem parameters s are pre-configured and th
he user only n
needs to set ssome RF parrameters.
5-Way main button Antenna SMA C Connector

Top/Botttom/Right/Lefft/Center Do not sttart TX withou
ut an antenna
a or
Short center click to start
s load connnected
2-seconddes center click to shutdow
wn
LoRa boa ard LEDs

Reeceive Mode
Grreen: PER paccket rcvd OK
Reed: NonPER p packet rcvd OOK
Tra ansmit Modee
Yeellow: Packet sent (flashes
Eiger
E platforrm LEDs forr each packett
When sc creen is turnedd off the gree
en
led will blink
b
S_VDCC_Switch
Le
eave in upperrmost position
n
Charging LEDs
Bottom red:
r charging
Top gree en: battery is charged Plaaform main U USB connector
Red+Gre een: charging g error or battery Minni-B USB type e
fully charged Usse to charge th he platform
batttery or powe er it when
batttery is off or empty. It is also
useed to update the firmware
Eiger platform
p func
ction ‘buttons
s’
Only use
ed to move be
etween screenns
Batterry switch
STM32 daughter bo oard Switch the Eiger platform
This USB B should only
y be ON or OFF (indicated by ‘‘1’
plug for the
t SX1276S SKA and ‘0’).
to enablee communicaation
with PC software
Fiigure 2: Eige
er platform de
escription

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4.2 SX
X1276 Mo
odule Harrdware
The SX12 276DVK is a USB based evaluation so oftware desig
gned to alloww simple and easy evaluattion of
the suitab
bility of the SX
X1276 for a given application. There are ation module developed around
e three evalua
the SX127 76 and each module is targ geted to speccific RF Bandss.
4.2.1 SX1276RF
S 1IAS
The SX12
276RF1IAS is a 868MHz frequency ba
s targeted to the 169MHz and ands.
Figure
e 3: SX1276R
RF1IAS Modu
ule Schemattic

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4.2.2 SX1276RF
S 1JAS
276RF1JAS is
The SX12 i targeted to the 433MHz and 868MHzz frequency ba
ands.
Figure
e 4: SX1276R
RF1JAS Mod ule Schemattic

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4.2.3 SX1276RF
S 1KAS
276RF1KAS is targeted to
The SX12 o the 490MHz
z and 915MHzz frequency b
bands.
Figure
e 5: SX1276R dule Schemattic
RF1KAS Mod

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4.2.4 Module
M An
ntenna
T
The SX1276RF F1 modules are e fitted with 2 RF
R antenna SM MA connectorss. Each antenn
na connection h
has been speccifically
d
designed to offe
er the best RF matching to a specific freque
ency band.
Figu
ure 6: LF and HF Antenna
a Connection
n
F
Five antennas types
t could be delivered with kits. The anten
nnas can be id
dentified throug
gh their color de
edicated or sha
ape, to
a specific frequency band (LF
F=169, 433 or 490MHz,
4 HF=8868 and 915 M Hz). Antenna ttypes and part numbers are ssubject
to
o be changed.
D
Do not connectt both antenna types at the sa
ame time on the
e module.
490MHz
4 869MHz 915MHzz
169M
MHz 433
3MHz red grey yellow
Figure
e 7: Frequenc
cy Band Targ
geted Antenna

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5 Eig
ger platfform for PER Te
esting
5.1 Me
enu Desc
cription
The Eigerr menu is org
ganized around the touch screen whicch allows the user to set o
on the fly a liimited
number of parameters. We will here
e describe ea
ach menu winndow so that the user can quickly start doing
PER testing.
The idea behind the PE ER demo is to o set one of the ansmitter and the other one
t Eiger plattform as a tra e as a
receiver. Then both platforms can me moved away one from m the other, in an urban o or in an openn field
environme ent, to easily capture the PER
P between the transmittter and the re
eceiver.
The PERR demo opera ates in FSK or in LoRa modes

m so th at the advan drawbacks of each
ntages and d
modulatio
on can been seen
s easily.
5.2 Us
sing the Eiger
E plattform
When boooting up, the Eiger applica
ation will dete
ect the hardw
ware module connected to o configure th
he RF
parameters dedicated to each mo odules. Each hardware m module is fitte
ed with an E
EEPROM wh hich is
programm
med at manuffacturing. How wever, if for any
a reasons, the EEPROM M cannot be rread or has n
not be
programm
med, the follow
wing window is shown.
In case off doubt, the exact

e part num
mber of the hardware
h mod
dule connecte
ed is written o
on the right sside of
the module.

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When thee module is successfully detected, the home screen
n is the first w
window displa
ayed on the ccontrol
touch scre
een.
Battery levvel
Firmware version
Access th e PER Demo

o Menu
Access th e System Me
enu
5.2.1 System
S Wiindow
Temperature
e
5.2.1.1 Settings
Reset the E iger platform Settings
Get the batte

ery status
Access the b
bootloader m
menu
Information o
on the firmwa
are
Return to Ho
ome Screen

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In case off miss-operattion or to simply reset the Eiger modulee into a knowwn state, it is possible the reset
the touch screen parammeters or to reeset the devic
ce parameterrs to their defa
ault paramete ers.
Reset
R the toucch screen caliibration
Reset
R to the d efault parame
eters
Apply
A the rese
et
Once a boox is ticked, “clicking”

“ on the Apply buttton will reset the selected parameters. The ticked bo
ox will
then go un-ticked.
5.2.1.2 Battery
In
ndicates the b
battery state
In
ndicates the b
battery level
In
ndicates the vvoltage delive
ered by the
battery
b

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5.2.1.3 Bootload
der
Reboot the sysstem
Up
pdate the firm
mware through
h an SD
ca
ard
Re
eset touch sccreen calibratiion
5.2.1.4 About
Indicates the
e Firmware ve
ersion
Indicates the
e Build date
Indicates the
e Build time
Indicates the
e Module Con
nnected

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5.2.2 PER
P Demo
o Window
When enttering the PE

ER Demo Win ndows, the EEPROM on tthe module tyype is read sso that the m
module
connectedd can be useed. If the EE
EPROM is fauulty, not pressent or dama
aged, the following windo
ows is
displayed.
dule is detecte
If the mod ed correctly, the
t PER demo is accessed
d and the follo
owing window
w is displayed
d.
Set the d
device as Recceiver for the PER test
Set the d
device as Transmitter for th
he PER test
Set the R
RF Settings fo
or the PER te
est
The PER Demo menu is the core of

o the Eiger platform testin
ng. The menu u is divided in
n three main a
areas,
nd Settings. The
Tx, Rx an T PER Setttings menu allows the useer to set seve
eral paramete ers of the Rad
dio for
Tx and Rx
x.

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A text in green indicattes that the value

v can be changed. Fo
or example, o
on the first w
window of the
e PER
Setting sc
creen, you will see:
“Clicking”” on this para

ameters allow the
user to chhange its valuue.
Here, thee user can sett the device in
n
LoRa (De efault) or FSKK mode
Set the R
RF settings
Set the pa
acket settings

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5.2.2.1 PER Settin
ngs Menu running in
n FSK mod e
For a give
en modulation
n, there is only a limited se
et of parametters that can be set by the
e user. Most of the
parameters are set auttomatically in the software to keep the in
nterface userr friendly.
Set the RF Band (868MH

Hz or 915MH
Hz)
Set the RF frequency (w

within the band
d)
Set the Bitrrate: 4.8kbps,, 9.6kbps,

19.2kbps, 3 38.4kbps, 57..6kbps or
100kbps
Set the Outtput Power bo

oost (module
dependent))
Set the RF output powerr
Set the
e inter-packett delay

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5.2.2.2 PER Packet Settings
s Menu run
nning in FS
SK mode
S
Set Device ID
D
E
Enable or Disa
able the paylo
oad CRC
S
Set the payloa
ad size (in Byytes): 9, 16,
2
24, 48 or 64
In FSK mo
ode, the paylo
oad is built in the following
g way:
Payload
P
Preamble SyncWord EEnable or Dissable
Payload d payload CRC CRC
ngth
len
(8 Bytes) (0
0x69‐0x81‐0x7E‐‐0x96) (Platfo
orm ID, 32‐bit p acket cnt, ‘P’, ‘EE’, ’R’, FCS, ‘Padd
ding [xx Bytes]’) (2 Bytes)
(1 B
Byte)
The preamble length, the SyncWo ord and the basic

b payloadd structure ca annot be cha anged by the user.
However, the payload length is adju ustable and the ‘Padding’ field will incrrease or decreease depend ding of
the payloa
ad size. The CRC can als so be enabledd or disabled from the paccket settings m menu. All in a
all the
smallest packet
p will be 22 bytes long
g and the longest packet w
will be 78 byte es long in tota
al.

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5.2.2.3 PER Settin
ngs Menu running in
n LoRa mod
de
Set the RF Band (868MHz or 915MH

Hz)
Set the RF frequency (w

within the band)
Set the Sprreading factorr: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,

11 or 12
Set the Erro

or Coding: 4/5, 4/6, 4/7, 4//8
Set the Ban

ndwidth (mod
dule
dependent))
Set the Ou
utput Power b
boost (module
e
dependentt)
Set the in
nter-packet de
elay Set the RF outp
put power

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5.2.2.4 PER Packet Settings
s Menu run
nning in Lo
oRa mode
S
Set Device ID
E
Enable or Disa
able payload CRC
S
Set the payloa
ad size (in Byytes): 9, 16,
2
24, 48 or 64
E
Enable or Disaable Low Dattarate
O
Optimization ((mandatory fo
or SF12 and
S
SF11
In LoRa mode,
m the pay
yload is built in
n the following way:
Pre
eamble Header
H Payyload CRC
(8 Symb.) (8 Symb.) (P
Platform ID, 32‐b
bit packet cnt, ‘PP’, ‘E’, ’R’, FCS, ‘PPadding [xx Bytees]’) (2 Bytess)
The preamble length, the Header and the basic payload structure can nnot be chan nged by the user.
However, the payload length is adju
ustable and the ‘Padding’ field will incrrease or decreease depend
ding of
the payloa
ad size. The CRC
C o be enabled or disabled frrom the packe
can also et settings me
enu.

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5.2.2.5 PER TX Mode
Once the RF parameteers are set, pu

utting the Eige
er module in T
TX mode will initiate the packet transmission.
The TX window
w display
ys the RF parrameters and the number o of packet sen
nt since the beeginning of th
he test.
PER Tx window
w in Lora
a mode:
TX Mo
odulation para
ameters
Numbe
er of packet ssent
Reset the counter
PER Tx window
w in FSK
K mode:
TX Mo
odulation parrameters
Numb
ber of packet sent
Resett the counter

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5.2.2.6 PER RX Mode
M
PER Rx window
w in Lora mode:
Indicate th
he SNR
Indicate th
he RSSI
Packet ind
dicator
Number off correct packket received
Number off packet misse

ed
Number off non PER pa

acket
received
PER
Re
eset the PER counter
c
In LoRa mode,
m when sub-noise receeption is occu
urring (SNR < 0), the displa
ayed RSSI va
alue is
extrapolatted using the SNR indicato
or. When the SNR > 0, thee actual SNR is not computted and the value
is clamped.

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PER Rx window
w in FSK
K mode:
Indicate the
e RSSI
Packket indicator
Num
mber of correcct packet rece
eived
Num
mber of packet missed
Num
mber of non PER packet received
PER
R
Reset the PER cou

unter

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5.2.3 PER
P Rx Ba
ar-graph
In Rx modde, a bar-grap
ph indicates the
t distribution of the errorr over time. Th
his is especiaally useful to d
detect
the causee of the error, whether a burst
b of noise
e in the frequuency band o or if the devicce in in the limit of
reception range. The examples
e belo
ow highlight what
w each casse looks like:
Here, the device is at the limit of the

e reception ra
ange
Blue: th
he reception is good and w
we
are receiving every p
packet sent
Yellow: We have so ome disturban nce

in the ffrequency ban nd or we are
arrivingg at the limit rrange of
reception and we start missing
packetss.
As we can
n see in the picture
p below, the device lo
ost many packkets in a shorrt amount of time.
Yellow: We have ha ad a strong bu

urst
of noise
e in the band and we havee
missedd most of the packet during
ga
small a
amount of time
The link has improve ed and we arre

only miissing a few p
packets after tthe
original noise burst.

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6 SX
X1276SK
KA Softw
ware Des
scription
n
The SX12 276SKA is organized
o on
n a PC softw ware GUI co ommunicating
g through USSB with the Eiger
platforms.. In this situa
ation, the Eig
ger platforms are only ussed as a gate
eway to com
mmunicate witth the
SX1276.
6.1 SX
X1276SKA
A Quick start
s Guid
de
It is recommmended thatt this user guide is read in conjunction w with the SX12 276 datashee et.
1. Plug the Eiger Platform USB ports to the e computer (o one USB is used to powerr the platform while
he other USB is used for co
th ommunication n).
2. Run
R the SX127 76 User Interfface software e: Start > All P
Programs > S SX1276SKA > SX1276SKA A
3. The SX1276SK KA should co onnect automatically to the e User Interfaace Software. If not, click o
on the
USB
U connect button,
b located in the top le
eft hand corne er of the wind
dow toolbar.
4. Once
O connecteed the SX127 76SKA shows s the default cconfiguration of the SX12776 register se ettings
uppon power-up p. If the EVK is not connec cted, the GUII screen is gra ayed out andd an error messsage
s displayed in the bottom le
is eft hand corne er of the statu
us bar.
Connect tthese two US

SB to power
the Eiger platforms
Connec ct these two USB to

commu unicate with the Eiger
platform
ms
Figure
F 8: Connect both USB
U ports to
o use the SX1
1276SKA

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The SX12 276SKA has been develooped to test all the capa bilities and ffeatures of th
he FSK and LoRa
modems present in the device. Ho
owever, both modems havve different ccontrol comma ust be
ands and mu
operated independently.
Opens Registers wind

dow
Reefresh all regis

sters value
et Radio in Lo
Se oRa or FSK
Connect or disconnect to
o the module
Save Radio
o configuration
n
Load Radio Configuration
SX1276SK
KA Version
Eiger Mo
odule Firmware Version
SX
X1276 Chipseet Version
Radio conffig file
currently lo
oaded
Fig
gure 9: SX127
76 window o
organization
While this
s approach has
h limitation on testing th he system caapability of th
he device, it allows the usser to
thoroughly
y evaluate the
e device from
m the radio point of view
This chappter is presen ous windows and field tha

nting the vario at controls thee radio operaations. While some
controls can
c be obviou us, some otheers may need the user to rrefer to the da
atasheet to ge
et a full descrription
of the com
mmands.
A load raddio configurattion is implem

mented and allows the openning of SX1276SKA config guration files (.cfg).
This is im
mplemented th hrough a stanndard Windowws file dialog box and mayy also be acccessed throug gh the
short cut buttons
b of the
e Window Too olbar.
In the sam s possible to save the SX

me way, it is X1276SKA co onfiguration fiiles (.cfg). Th
his is implem
mented
through a standard Win
ndows file dia
alog box. The default file na
ame is the lasst configuratio
on file saved..

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For refereence purposes, it is possib
ble to display the register m
map of the de
evice. This ca
an help the user to
refer to the datasheet register
r whenn testing the device.
d
Figure 10: Register ttable

For adva
ance user on
nly, it is also
o possible to read or w gister directlyy by pressing the
write the reg
<CTRL>++<ALT>+<T> keys of the PC
P keyboard simultaneous
s ly.
This wind
dow allows th he user to wrrite to and reead from the contents of iindividual con
nfiguration re
egister
addressess. Note that address
a and data
d are enterred in hexade
ecimal format..

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6.2 Lo
oRa Mode
e
6.2.1 LoRa
L Menu
u
By defaultt, when the application is la

aunched, the SX1276SKA
A is configured
d in LoRa.
Refresh all
a
registers va
alue
Direct ac
ccess to sub menu
m
Opens Reg
gisters window
w
he Modem IRQ and Modem

Indicates th m status
Indicates the
e Modem ope
erating Mode

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6.2.2 LoRa
L Com
mmon Wind
dow
3
6
Figu
ure 11: SX127
76SKA Boot--up windows
s
1: Set the defaultt basic param

meters for the Radio.
2: eters related to the transm

Set the parame mission of the data such ass output powe
er.
3: Set the parame a such as AG

eters related to the receptiion of the data GC or LNA bo
oost settings.
4: Set the mappin ng for the dev

vice IO pins. The
T Status off the IO is then displayed o
over time in th
he
se
ection 5 of the
e window.
5: This section indicates the modem

m and DIOs status
6: Set the operatiing mode of the device.

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6.2.3 LoRa
L Para
ameters Window
W
4
1
Figurre 12: LoRa Radio

R param
meters window
w
1: Set the Radio settings for th

he LoRa modulation
2: Details
D o the reception
status of
3: Set the payload to be transm

mitted controll the emission
n or reception
n of the radio
4: Enable or disable the IRQ related to the LoRa modula

ation

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6.3 FS
SK Mode
6.3.1 FSK
F Menu
The FSK menu is orga anized aroundd several winddows allowing g the user to set the radio
o step by step
p. The
detail of each
e window is
i described from
f section 5.2.1.1
5 onwarrd.
Some info ormation are however
h glob
bal to the FSK
K radio operattion and are tthus displayedd on every window
as shown on figure 9.
Refressh all
registers
s value
Opens Registers win

ndow
RSSI / Spectrum An
nalyzer es the Modem
Indicate m IRQ status
Indicates the Modem ope

erating Mode
Figure
F 13: FS
SK window s
structure
In FSK mo ode, it is poss

sible to perforrm a quantitative spectrumm analysis butt reading the RSSI value a across
a range of
o Frequency. It is also pos ssible to have
e a qualitative
e measureme ent of the RSS SI as it is dettected
by the chipsets. This tool
t is especially useful when a more e expensive sp
pectrum analyyzer is not at hand
reach.
When Mo onitor is set to
o ON, the GU UI will constan
ntly scan the status of the FSK IRQ reg gister and dissplays
the status
s on the right hand side of the
t GUI. Setting Monitor to o OFF disablees this feature
es.

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6.3.2 Common
C window
w
Figure
F 14: FS
SK Common
n window
The Com mmon window w allows thee user to se et the comm on Tx/Rx pa arameters fo or the modullation.
Paramete ers such as th he modulation type (FSK or OOK), Fre equency, Bitrrate, frequenccy deviation o
or the
e entered in this window.
oscillator details can be
When Fre equency Hopping is used, the control bit

b “Fast Hop ing” need to be set so tha
at the interna
al PLL
can optim
mize to jump frrom one frequ
uency to the next
n in the sm
mallest amoun
nt of time.
It is also in this window

w that the Gau
ussian Filter parameter
p is sset for the transmission.
A general description would
w be:
1: Set the genera

al parameters for the modu
ulation
2: Set the modula nd the Gaussian filter param

ation Type an meter (Tx On
nly)
3: Set the oscillattors paramete

ers

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6.3.3 Transmitte
T er window
w
Figure 15: FSK Transmitte

er window
As indicatted through itts name, the transmitter

t window
w groupss the configurration parame
eters related to the
transmiss
sion:
1: This field allow

ws the user to select the radio output pin
n. Depending of the SX127
76 module ve
ersion,
it may or may not
n be possib he RFO pin a s output.
ble to select th
2: Set the output power of the radio. The maximum

m outp
put power is 2
20dBm.
3: Overload
O curre
ent protection
4: PLL Bandwidth
h

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6.3.4 Receiver
R window
w
8
1 5
7 9
Figure 16: FS
SK Receiverr window
This window allows the
e user to set the
t parameterrs for the paccket reception
n:
1: Set the receptiion bandwidth

h filter and set the AFC recception bandw width filter
Please, note th
hat the AFC bandwidth
b filte
er is disregard
ded if AFC Au
uto is set to O
OFF
2: Enable or disable the AGC and set the step threshold

d (I am not sure what it doe
es actually)
3: Enable or disable the pream

mble detector and set the p
preamble dete ector parame eters.
Please, note th
hat the pream
mble detector must be enabbled if the recception is trigg
gered on prea
amble
de
etection.
4: Enable or disable the LNA boost

b
5: Enable or disable the AFC and

a read the FEI
6: Control
C the RSSSI detection.. If the recepttion is triggere
red on the RS
SSI detection,, these param
meters
alllow controllin
ng the level of
o RSSI triggering the recception and ssmoothing the e peak detecctor to
av
void false dettection in case
e of random peak
p in the fre
equency bandd.
7: These parame eters control th

he events tha
at trig a recep
ption and the behavior of th
he receiver in
n case
off collision
8: Enable or Disa
able the bit sy
ynchronizer an
nd configure tthe OOK dem
modulator
9: Set internal tim

ming between events

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6.3.5 IR
RQ and Map window
w
Fig
gure 17: FSK
K IRQ and Ma
ap window
The IRQ and

a Mapping window is us d control the I RQs in the de
sed to set and evice:
1: In
ndicates the current
c status of the device
e
2: Enable or disable the pream n IRQ (when starting on RSSI detection

mble detection n)
3: Configures
C the
e IRQ and how
w they are ma
apped with th
he DIOs of the
e device.
4: Disable
D or Ena
able and set th
he clock out of
o the device

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6.3.6 Packet
P Han
ndler wind
dow
3 4
Figure 18: FSK Packet Hand

dler window
The packe et handler is the
t main interrface window
ws to control th
he transmission or receptio
on of packetss once
the radio has been settup. Whether in transmissio
on or receptioon, this windo
ow allow the u
user to define
ed the
packet to be transmitteed or to be rec
ceived
1: ws the user to define the pa

This field allow acket structurre.
2: Once
O the pack ket structure has been de
efined, this vie
ew allows the all each field of the
e user that a
pa
acket structurre is set corre
ectly.
3: Enter the paylo

oad to be tran
nsmitted or display the payyload received
d.
4: Control
C the pac
cket handler transmission
t or reception.

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6.3.7 Sequencer
S r window
Figure
F 19: FS
SK Sequence
er window
The sequencer window w allows the user

u to setup the internal sstate machine
e of the devicce and contro
ol how
the device e will react fo
ollowing an ev
vent. For morre information
n on the FSK internal state e machine, pllease,
refer to the datasheet.

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6.3.8 Temperatu
T ure window
w
Fig
gure 20: FSK
K Temperatu
ure window
The SX12 w an internal temperature sensor. N
276 is fitted with Note that use
er is prompte
ed to calibratte the
SX1276 temperature
t sensor
s by cliicking on thee Calibrate bu utton to acce
ess the temp
perature calib
bration
dialog box
x. If auto calib erature change that
bration is set,, a new calibrration will be performed at every tempe
exceeds the
t threshold.. Threshold va alue could bee set to 5, 10, 15 and 20°CC.

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7 Ho
ow to...
7.1 … perform a simple
e transmiission / re
eception in LoRa
Performin ng a simple Trransmission – Reception in
n LoRa is fairrly straight forrward.
First, the user needs to
o set the RF transmission parameters:
p
Set the fre

equency
Second, the user need

ds to set the LoRa
L modulattion paramete
ers:
Set the Spre

eading Factor
Set the Cod

ding Rate
Set the Ban

ndwidth
Optimize trransmission
for Low Da
atarate OFF
(mandatoryy for SF11 annd
SF12 with BW=125KHzz)
Set the Pa
ayload
Click “Sta
art” to start Trransmitting Set the Deviice in Transm
mitter Mode
It is important to notic
ce that the de
evice mode of
o operation iss standby be
etween packe
ets, this is wh
hy the
Operatingg mode is left in “Standby”.

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On the Re
eception side, the principle
e is exactly the
e same. We ffirst need to sset the basic rradio parameters:
Set the fre

equency
Then we need
n to set th
he device in re
eception afterr setting the L
Lora modulatiion parameters.
Set the S
Spreading Facctor
Set the C
Coding Rate
Set the B
Bandwidth
Enable tthe payload C

CRC
check
Optimizze transmissio
on for
Low dattarate OFF
(mandatory for SF11 and
SF12)
Click “Start” to start Receivin

ng Set th
he Device in R
Receiver
At this sta
age, the trans
smission – rec
ception should
d be complette and the use
er should see
e the LEDs blinking
on the Eigger platforms..

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7.2 … perform a simple

e transmiission / re
eception in FSK
First, you need to set the RF parameters for the transmission:

t :
Set the fre

equency: 915,000,000 Hz
Set the bitrate: 19,200 b

bps
Set the Fre

equency deviation: 50,000
0 Hz
In the transmitter, rece

eiver and IRQQ windows, all eters can be left at their d
a the parame default values and
then we simply
s need too set our pack
ket structure.
Set the prreamble size: 5
Set the pre

eamble polarity: 0x55
Set the Syync Word size

e: 4
Set the Syync Word: 0x6

69- 0x81-…
Set the pa
acket length: vvariable
Set the pa
ayload: 0xA1-0
0xA2-…

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At this sta
age the radio is fully configured on the trransmitter sid
de. We can no
ow set the de
evice in Transsmitter
mode so that
t packets are
a ready to be b sent from the
t device.
Tx Pacckets: Indicate
es the numbe
er of
packetts sent
Set the
e Device in Trransmitter Mo
ode
A sma all control window appears

allowinng the user to o set the number of
packets to be sent. Setting the vvalue
to ‘0’ w
will make the device transm mitting
indefinnitely.
ending packe
To start se ets, simply clic
ck on the “Sta
art” button.
Notice
e the green LED indicating
g when
a packet is sent
Press “Start” to sta

art sending pa
ackets
Press “Stop” to stop sending packets
The devic ce is now sennding packet.. You can als so see the Ye
ellow LED fla
ashing on the
e Eiger modu
ules to
indicate th
hat the device
e is currently transmitting.
t

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We must now configure e the receiver side. Open a new windoww of the SX12
276SKA and configure the
e radio
or the transmitter side. The
as done fo e process is id
dentical:
Set the fre

equency: 915
5,000,000 Hz
Set the bittrate: 19,200 bps
Set the Frrequency deviation: 50,000

0 Hz
In the rece
eiver, it is nec
cessary to set some param
meters to conffigure the recceiver.
Set the Rxx Bandwidth: 100,000 Hz
Set the AF
FC Auto: ON
Set the AF
FC Auto clearr: ON
Set the Fre

equency deviiation: 50,000
0 Hz
Set AGC Auto: ON

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To finish, the user mus
st simply set the packet handler parame
eters as in Tx:
Set the pre

eamble size: 5
Set the pre

eamble polaritty: 0x55
Set the Syn

nc Word size: 4
Set the Syn

nc Word: 0x69- 0x81-…
Set the paccket length: vvariable
Press “Starrt” to start recceiving packetts
Set the Devvice in Receivver Mode
The re
eceived payload is displaye
ed here Number of pa
acket receive
ed

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7.3 … perform Continuous trans

smission
n and Rec
ception in
n LoRa
It is possible to set th
he SX1276 inn Continuous Tx mode to perform a sspectral evalu uation of the LoRa
modulatioon. In this modde, the SX1276 will be goiing through th
he FiFo and ssend whateve
er data are prresent
in the RAMM.
Set the d
device in
continuo
ous TX mode
It is also possible to set

s the devic ce in Continuous Rx mod e. In this mo
ode, the deviice is continu
uously
receiving the packet seent from the trransmitter.
Set the d
device in
continuo
ous RX mode

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7.4 … Log the Transmittted or Re

eceived p
packets
The SX12276SKA has a logging fac cility which allows
a the useer to get the exact time sstamps at wh
hich a
packet ha
as been sent or
o received an e information related to thiss packet.
nd with all the
Start
S the Logg
ging of the tra
ansmitted or re
eceived packkets
Depending if you are in

n FSK mode or
o in LoRa mo
ode, a differe nt pop-up win
ndow will app
pear:
In FSK mode, the pa acket logger aallows to the u

user to only loog a
limited amount
a of pa
acket (indicateed by the valuue “Max Samp ples”).
Then, when
w the packkets are beingg transmitted or received, the
numberr of desired paackets will be
e logged in thee file selected
d.
In LoRa moode, the packe et logger is enabled or

disabled. O
Once enabled,, all transmitte ed or received d
packets willl be logged in
n the selectedd file until the
packet logg
ger is disabledd.
When enab bling the packket logger, it iss possible to

start a com plete new log g in a new file or to append d an
existing file .

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7.5 … perform a CW or PN9 Tx test on the SX1276

The SX1276 does not have a dedicated CW or PN9 Tx test mode implemented. However, it is possible to
perform this test manually by setting the device in Tx continuous mode, and feed PN9/15 data stream to
the DATA pin (DIO2/DATA), from a signal generator.
7.6 … check the frequency accuracy of the SX1276 module

There is a very simple way to get the frequency error of the sx1276 modules. The core idea is to set the
device in FSK and to set the frequency deviation to 0. In this case, the device will only emit a signal at the
center frequency. The difference between the measured value and the set value gives you the frequency
error.

USER GUIDE
8 Troubleshooting
Each Eiger platform, radio module or software kit has been thoroughly tested before to be released for
customer evaluation. The section below highlights some of the common issues faced by users and how it
can be fixed.
8.1 The Eiger platform indicates very high PER even in short range
There are several reasons which can have a dramatic influence over the performance of the platform.
One of the common reasons is that the frequency selected is in the GSM or in another already used
frequency band. If the frequency you have selected is already used by another RF system, the
communication will obviously be affected. We therefore recommend to the user to check the RF band
usage in his location before to start any PER testing.
8.2 The communication range in Lora is very poor

There are two aspects which can limit the LoRa performances: the emission power and the antenna.
Please, make sure that we are using enough power to reach the distance you want to achieve. The Eiger
platform can output up to 20dBm signals. The other aspect is the antenna, please, make sure the
antenna you are using is designed to operate at the frequency region you are transmitting in.
8.3 The SX1276SKA do not detect the device through the USB
This issue is usually caused by a wrong connection of the USB
The step below should fix the issue.
1- Make sure the Eiger Platform is powered down (Battery switch set to 0) and is not connected to
the PC through the USB.
2- Reconnect the side USB to the PC, the red LED on the left side should light up
3- Connect the bottom USB to the PC.
4- Power the device up (Battery switch set to 1)
5- Press the five-way central push button until the screen light up.
6- Launch the SX1276SKA on the PC
8.4 The Eiger platform does not seem to work anymore

The battery is probably empty and you should connect the device through the side USB to a computer for
a few hours, time for the battery to charge.
8.5 The Eiger platform touch screen is not accurate

This is probably due to a miss-calibration of the touch screen. In this situation, the user should reset the
touch screen calibration and perform an accurate calibration using the stylus provided.

USER GUIDE
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APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF SEMTECH PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE
UNDERTAKEN SOLELY AT THE CUSTOMER’S OWN RISK. Should a customer purchase or use Semtech
products for any such unauthorized application, the customer shall indemnify and hold Semtech and its officers,
employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs damages and attorney fees
Contact Information
Semtech Corporation
Wireless & Sensing Products Division
200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012
Phone: (805) 498-2111 Fax: (805) 498-3804
E-mail: sales@semtech.com
support_rf@semtech.com
Internet: http://www.semtech.com


SX X1276 D Develop USE Pment R Guid Kit DE: W Wireless, Sensing & & Timing PR Roducts

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SX X1276 D Develop USE Pment R Guid Kit DE: W Wireless, Sensing & & Timing PR Roducts

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SX1276

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Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2

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Figure 1: SX1276 Development Kit ............................................................................................................... 5

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For more information on

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This window invites the

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er platform is not powered up, is wrongly connected o

uation, the user need to ma

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hat the full upg

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5-Way main button Antenna SMA C Connector

LoRa boa ard LEDs

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The PERR demo opera ates in FSK or in LoRa modes

In case off doubt, the exact

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Access th e PER Demo

Get the batte

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Once a boox is ticked, “clicking”

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Reboot the sysstem

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When enttering the PE

The PER Demo menu is the core of

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A text in green indicattes that the value

“Clicking”” on this para

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Set the RF Band (868MH

Set the RF frequency (w

Set the Bitrrate: 4.8kbps,, 9.6kbps,

Set the Outtput Power bo

Set the RF output powerr

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The preamble length, the SyncWo ord and the basic

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Set the RF Band (868MHz or 915MH

Set the RF frequency (w

Set the Sprreading factorr: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,

Set the Erro

Set the Ban

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Once the RF parameteers are set, pu

Reset the counter

Resett the counter

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Number off correct packket received

Number off packet misse

Number off non PER pa

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