TEDTALKS Inspiring communication Siiale)(> PRE-INTERMEDIATE fl - on ao 2 — a SS @ = Cf ba rd a NON Eunice Yeates (eee Vale ee BYonire| el ceTEDTALKS Keynote PRE-INTERMEDIATE Workbook PASSWORD KeynoteStatt 0 NATIONAL Eunice Yeates [mine David Bohlke1 Conservation 2 Family connections 3 Global stories 4 Music 5 Good design 6 Inspiring people 7 Ethical choices 8 Better cities 9 Giving 10 Mind and machine 11 Nature 12 Discovery Answer key. Audioscripts 100 1072 1 Conservation cen Animals in danger VOCABULARY Types of animals 4. Match the words (a-f) with their definitions (1-6) a amphibian b bird ¢ fish d insect e mammal f reptile 4. A warm-blooded animal that feeds its babies with milk from its body. 2. An animal that has feathers and can fly. 3. A.cold-blooded animal (for example, a lizard) 4 Avery small animal for example, an ant) that has six legs. that frst lives in water and can later breathe on land. that lays eggs on land. 5 Acold-blooded animal (for example, a toad) 6 An animal that cannot live outside water and has gills for breathing and fins for swimming, 2 Complete the sentences with these words. bee frog penguin snake 4 Imabird, but | can’t fy 'm a great swimmer, though! I'm black and white Ima - a 2. man amphibian. l have short front legs and long back legs. | usually ive near water. | can jump and swim. I'm a 3. 'maveptil. | have a long body, but | have no arms or legs. Ima 4 I'man insect. | get my food from flowers, and | use it to make honey. Ima LISTENING \Vio ch bu EM Listen. Tick (V) the points thut the speaker mentions. what monarch butterflies look like o b the life cycle of the mi ch butterfiy ely © where monarch butterflies live 4 how their population is changingones tn 4 GNIED Listen again. Circle the correct answers. 1. Where do most monarch butterflies go in the winter? a Canada b California © Mexico 2 The monarch butterfly population began to decline __ a_ by twenty per cent b_ more than twenty years ago ¢ less than twenty years ago 3 What is the monarch butterfly's conservation status now? @_near-threatened b threatened © endangered 4 When did a survey show an increase in their population? a the 1980s b the 1990s © 2016 COMMUNICATION Talking about endangered animals 5 Put the sentences in the correct order (1-7) to complete the conversation. a Well | guess my first question is, are giant tortoises an endangered species? sa b That's not very many. | hope we can find a way to protect then soon. eae © Hey, I'm doing some research about giant tortoises, Do you think you could help me? d_ Sure, how can | help? tai Not many, | think there's only about two thousand of them left ae 1 Hmm... No, they aren't. But they're listed as vulnerable. a 9 Oh, how sad. So, how many giant tortoises stil ive in the wild? ete 6 Complete the conversation using the information below. Many chimpanzees have died of disease, but the biggest threats to their survival are hunting and poaching, Their population has declined to around 170,000-300,000 chimpanzees in the wild Status: ENDANGERED What are you reading about? I'm reading about '___________ It says they're 2 That's terrible! Why? Well, it's mainly because of °_ ‘A: How many are there left in the wild? Let's see... # They're amazing animals. | really hope we find a way to save them soon. DPrPo> zo s FI ry Hy 3 5EE How we're helping GRAMMAR Present simple and present continuous 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Lately, we (see) more serious problems for the rhino population, 2 Today we (have) new laws against poaching, 3 Some species (Gie) when their environment changes. 4 At the moment, experts (study) the effects of climate change on this species 5 Listen. He (explain) what we can do to help this endangered species. 6 Pandas eat bamboo, a plant that (Grow) in the mountains of southern China, 2 Read the answers. Write questions beginning with Is, Does or Why. 1 ‘Yes, she knows what to feed the elephants. 2 No, the situation isn't improving 3 _ e oo 2 Yes, the government has a plan. They're arguing because they don't agree. 5 oo 2 No, he doesn’t understand the problem. 6 — 2 ‘The tigers are dying because they're losing their habitat. LANGUAGE FOCUS Describing events in the present 3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. is impro 1 These days, awareness of endangered species improves. 2 Many of the world’s wildlife populations decreases. 3. Giant panda numbers are increase. 4 People helping in conservation effort. 5 Does the conservation status of an animal making a dtference to those fighting to protect? 6 Is your government do anything to change the situation?4 [BEG Circle the correct words to complete the interview. Then listen and check your answers. A: What is the World Wildlife Fund? B: The World Wildiife Fund, or WWF, is an intemational organization. It 'is protecting / protects wildlfe and the environment, & Ea 9 8 3 B Fy 2 5 By Is the World Wildl Fund “works / working on projects in many countries? Yes, ‘itis /itsn’t. There are WWF projects in more than one hundred countries. Does the WWF “get / getting all its money from the government? REO, No, it doesn't. It Sis getting / gets some money from governments, some from large companies ‘and most from public donations. PRONUNCIATION /s/ and /z/ 5 [IER Most plural words in English end with s. The letter s can be pronounced in different ways. Listen and repeat what you hear. Is! sleeps weeks books il dogs days needs 6 [MIZE Listen. Circle the sounds that you hear. 1 ants alsi — biaf 2 butterfies a/s/ biz 3 cats als/ bial 4 bees alsi bial SB pandas a/s/_ bia 6 tits als) ba EGA Complete the table with these words. Then listen and check your answers. elephants eyes. ~=—««hops_-—=—s monkeys ~=— penguins. zebras Ish Al ]EE stop before it’s too late READING The amazing pig-nosed turtle he tute family is over 200 millon years old. Turtles dl ‘are among the oldest creatures in the world. But many tule species ate already extinct, while others are endangered, critically endangered or vulnerable, One vulnerable species i the pig-nosed turtle 2 Pig-nosed turtles ive in rivers in northem Australia and : southem Papua New Guinea. Some people say they The turtle’s pig-like snout is used to breathe axe ugly creatures because thelr noses look ikea pig's U"derwater and find prey snout, or nose. But these strange noses are actually very useful. Their design makes it easier forthe turtle New Guinea and Indonesia. Another major probe to swim and to find food, Unlike all other freshwater was the illegal trading of these animals turtles, pig-nosed turtles have flippers instead of feet, « ‘which mean they can swim lke sea turtles But there is good news. Farming methods are changing in Australia. The Indonesian government 2 In2041, the pig-nosed turtle was facing extinction. and the Convention on Intemational Trade in Between 1961 and 2011, its population dropped by Endangered Species (CITES) now protect the species over fity per cent, In Australia, the cause was loss of In recent years, thousands of pig-nosed turtles habitat due to farming, mining and fishing. Unluckaly have been rescued ftom poachers. They may not be for the pig-nosed turtle, their eggs and meat were beautiful, but pig-nosed turtles are important animals a common source of food for communities in Papua and we must continue to stop their decline. 1. Read the article. What is it mainly about? how pig-nosed turtles have been rescued from poachers b why people think pig-nosed turtles are ugly ¢ why pig-nosed turtles need protecting 2 Circle the correct options to complete the sentences, 1 The conservation status ofthe pig-nosed turtle is endangered / vulnerable. 2 The pig-nosed turtles’ feet / flppers help them swim like sea turtles. 3 By 2011, the number of pig-nosed turtles had increased / declined by more than half 4 Its problems were loss of habits nt hunting / poisoning. 5 We can guess from the last cava onservation efforts are / are not workingLISTENING 3 BAI Listen. What kind of recording is this? a anews article b a personal opinion ¢ alecture 4 GNIEM Listen again. Tick (7) the statements you think the speaker would be most likely to agree with. 1 People cause the extinction of animals, 2. Pig-nosed turtles are special because there are no other turtles lke them. 3 We hear about pig-nosed turtles in the news all the time. 4 Pig-nosed turtles are extremely ugly. oooaa 5 Animals that are cuter than pig-nosed turtles get more attention. 5 Which statement do you most agree with? Why? ‘a Pig-nosed turtles are vulnerable, not endangered, so protecting them isn't that important. b More people should be told about the pig-nosed turtle and its problems. ¢ Local communities should be allowed to have pig-nosed turtles as their source of food WORD FOCUS /ose 6 Read the sentences (1-5). Then match them with the correct definition of lose (ae). 1 If these animals lose their habitat, they won't survive. 2 When they can’t hunt seals, the polar bears lose weight. 3. You'll lose the chance to go to university if you don't work hard. 4 loften lose my phone, but | always find it again. 5 Everyone hates to lose an argument. ‘a to not win something b to stop having something because it's been taken from you © to have less of something than you had before d_tono longer have something because you don't know where it is e to waste something such as time or an opportunity 7 Match the two parts of the sentences. 1 This government might lose a but we sill lost the match, 2 Your passport is very important bb the next election. 3 We played really well, ¢ because we were stuck in traffic. 4 | can't leave because | don't want to lose my place in the queue. 5 We lost valuable time fe and you mustn't ose it![i Simon Berrow: How do you save a shark you know nothing about? [i John Kasaona: How poachers became caretakers John Kasaona talks about several They're the second largest fish in Stewart Brand believes we shouig sifficut issues that both humans _the world, they're almost extinct _ protect endangered animals ‘and animals have faced in his home and we know almost nothing about because we are responsible for country of Namibia. He describes them. In ths talk, marine biologist making many species disappear some unusual conservation projects Simon Berrow describes Ireland's forever. But iit realy Yorever"? He inwhich local communities, and —_inoredible basking shark and the suggests an exciting new method even former poachers, are helping to wonderfully ow-tech methods he that may help us bring extinct protect wildlife in their area. uses to study them. species back to life. TEDTALKS 1 Read the descriptions of three TED Talks above. In your opinion, what is the best title for this playlist, a, b or? 2 Filming endangered species b Unusual ways of saving animals ¢ The dangers of poaching 2 Read the TED playlist again and answer the questions. 1. Which speaker is trying to study an animal that scientists know very litte about? 2 Who works on the conservation projects described by John Kasaona? 3 According to Stewart Brand, why should human beings protect endangered species? 3 Circle the correct options to complete the sentences. 1A former president is someone ident in the past | legally catches or kills animals 2 Something that is lowetech i @ simple and cheap b iple and cheor b complicated and expensive 4 Which tak would you most ie (o see? Why? Watch the talk at TED.com.ERE Which to save? WRITING An endangered species 11 Read about an animal that needs protection, How many reasons are given to explain why tigers. are facing extinction? Inthe fst para. an arial that needs our protection ithe tiger, say which animal bea youthink needs] TH€ main reason is that tigers are an endangered protection and what | SPecies, and some species are already extinct its conservation ate facing extinction because of us. For example, we Try to use the are destroying their habitat. Poaching is another big. present simple and problem. present continuous tenses, as wellas _—-_‘TigerS are an important part of our wildlife. We some new words ——— ate losing too many of these wonderful creatures, from this unit and we have to save them before it’s too late. Another important thing to consider is that tigers are | TF introducing a new Begin the second paragraph by point (or points). \ Give reasons or examples for why the animal needs protection. 2 Write about another animal that you think needs protection. Answer the questions to plan your paragraphs. 11 Which animal do you think needs protection? 2 What is the animal's conservation status? 3 Why does the animal need protection? 3. Write your paragraphs. Then complete the checklist. Did you use correct speling and punctuation? Did you use the present simple and the present continuous tenses? Did you use some new words from this unit? oo00 Did you give reasons or examples for your points? "12 2 Family connections El Family ties VOCABULARY Extended family 4. Write the opposite male or female form for each family member. Use these words. Three are extra law cousin grandchid grandfather law nephew niece son-in-law brother. mother 1 daughter-in-law —_— 2 niece ee 3 grandmother ee 4 sister-in-law alate — 5 father-in-law — a 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box in Exercise 1 1. Im married to Kate. Kate's mother is Elen. Ellen is my —___ My father is Ken. His father is Hank. Hank is my —____ My daughter is Emiko. Her husband is Jun. Jun is my —___ My brother has a daughter named Ashley. Ashley is my My aunt and uncle have a daughter named Olivia. Olivia is my 2 3 4 5 Pablo is my sister's husband. Pablo is my —___ 6 7 My sister and her husband have a son named Matt. Matt is my ao 8 My daughter is going to have a baby. The baby will be my frst —__ LISTENING A member of the family Listen. Put the family members (a-d) in the order that they are mentioned (1-4). a tis daughter b his wife ¢ his brother-in-law d his wife's parents 4 ENED Listen again. Complete the sentences 1 The house belongs to Rebec 2 Casey is theCOMMUNICATION Talking about family 5 Put the sentences in the correct order (1-6) to complete the conversation, 2 Wow, you must miss them alot. Are they going to stay at your place? b Let’s see ... On Saturday night I'm taking 19 them out for dinner, then we're Qoing to go to the cinema, © So, do you have any plans for their visit? Well, my parents are comin for three months! Ig for a visit on ‘Saturday. | haven't seen them e What are you doing this weekend? f No, they're going to get a hotel. My apartment is far too small ‘Answer the questions in your own words. 1 Do you have a big extended family? 2 When are you going to see your family next? 3 When is your next family holiday?[21 Generations GRAMMAR Future plans id the sentences: about fut mmy cousin in London tomorrow. 2 We're going to take some family PROTOS: 4 He's going to phone his grandfather soon «4 She's not going out for dinner tonight. 45 They're planning a surprise party for ther aunt 6 She's going to send cards to everyone in the famiy. oo ture plans. Write | for intention or D for definite plan. 4 Immeeting Complete the conversation using these Phrases. 2 going tobook —_goingto study going test —_'mhelping I'm starting i'm working you doing you're taking fe So, re_____—arnting lator? we Von, Lon, __—_ eer par er Fac: about you? A: Oh, 2 ___ anew evening class. B: Really? What are you * i? ‘A: Wel, s______— on my Spanish B: Wow, @____ —@ Spanish class! ‘A: Yeah, Im ?_____—ahlday to Spain soon, B: That's great. 'm®____— you next time we meett LANGUAGE FOCUS Talking about future plans and arrangements 3. Match the questions (1-6) with the responses (a-f) 1 Are you doing anything special this weekend? 2 When are you going to call your parents? 3 What are you doing on Friday night? 4 Is your flatmate going to be around tonight? 5 Is your family coming this weekend’ 6 How long is your cousin staying for? a I'm going to study for my b A.couple of days ¢ No, he's not. Hi d Yes, |am. I'm going to a concer a e Yes, they ae f Later tonight,| 4 Find and correct the mistakes in the paragraph, ‘When | finish work today, I'm ‘gone to the library to borrow a book. My book Club going to discuss Wuthering Heights, a novel by Emily Bronté We decided to read a classic this month, Next month we think of reading The Da Vinci Code. We try to cover different genres each month. ‘The following ‘month is Susie's tum to choose a genre. | bet she's go choose science fiction like she always does. | don't mind, but | prefer reading the classics! | 12 p.m.: meet 2_ at train station 1 p.m. have lunch and go shopping 9 go to dance ctu 2pm:t_ leaving Spm: meet Todd at PRONUNCIATION going to and want to 6 INIEM Listen and repeat. Notice how going to is reduced to ‘gonna’ and want to to ‘wanna’ Are you going to go out? No, I'm going to stay in. Do you want to order a pizza? No, I don't want to eat a big meal DP>aD |EZJ Listen, Complete the conversation. A: What are you ''____ do tonight? B: Um... I'mnot sure. A: Well, | think 'm?______to the cinema, Do you?____ come? B: Sure! What do you + — 8 GNETE Listen. Circle the correct response, 1a I'mgoing to study. b I'm going to go to the cinema, Yes, he does. cary Yes, he is a No, I'm not. I want to go traveling Yes, | am. No, I don't. FS oo 18a, EE] one big happy family READING The worldwide family tree N ational Geographic's Genographic Project wants to tell the greatest story ever told: how humans spread out fom Africa across the planet tens of ‘thousands of years ago, The team behind the project aims to show a complete map of early human history. Todo this, scientists in eleven centres around the world collected the DNA from local communities. Then they used computers to look at the DNA to better understand our shared genetic roots. Ten years after the project started, scientists have a much better idea of when people started to live in liffeent parts of the world. But they stil have many questions, How many migrations out of Africa were there? How did the great empires of history, such as the Persians or the Mongols, leave their genetic marks on our DNA? What can our genes tel us about the beginnings of different languages? And if we all originally came from the same place, why do we all look so diferent? These are ust some ofthe important ‘questions the Genographic Project wants answers to Ordinary people are very important to the project. ‘They can easily take part by providing DNA for testing. 4. Read the article. Match the paragraphs (1-3) with their mi The Genographic Project has made discoveries about how humans spread out across the Earth ‘The results are going to alow people to find out about the paths their early ancestors followed and help them find their own place on the human family tee. Sofa around 800,000 people from 140 countries have taken part in the project, But it's fr from over, as scientists hope toleam the answers to their unanswered questions. iain topics (@-<). ‘a. questions the project wants answers 10 1 Paragraph 1 2 Paragraph 2 bi the role of ordinary people 8 Paragraph 3 ¢ the aims of the project 2 Circle the correct answers, 4 Whats the main aim of the Genographic Project? a to use people's DNA to find the one ancestor we all share bb touse people's DNA to better understand how and when people spread across the Earth ¢ to.use the data from the DNA tests for research in fghting diseases 2. Which of these is not a question scientists stil want answers 10? a Whict b Itwece can cur continent did our early ancestors first spread out from? ‘DNA tell us about how language first developed? me place, why don't we look more simi?LISTENING 3 GNKED Listen. Choose the best title for the talk, a How to participate in the Genographic Project b What | learned from the Genographic Project «¢ Recent discoveries from the Genographic Project 4 GED Listen again. Circle the correct options to complete the sentences, 1 To take part in the Genographic Project, you should first visit a lab / buy a kit 2 You provide DNA by giving a saliva / blood sample. 3 The speaker describes Neanderthals as our ancestors / cousins. 4 Neanderthals spit from humans 500,000 / 60,000 years ago. 5 The last Neanderthals lived in Africa / Europe and Asia. 5 Look back at the four questions in Paragraph 2 of the article on page 16 Which question would you most like to learn the answer to? Why? WORD FOCUS interest 6 Read the text. Then match the words and phrases in bold (1-5) with their correct definitions (a-e), Emma's ‘interests include history and travel. She also “developed an interest in genealogy a few years ago, and she tried to “interest her family members in it too. She interviewed them and recorded their stories. Then Emma spent even more time studying sites and documents ‘of interest online. After a while, though, it became dificult for her to find new information, and she “lost interest in the project. a interesting and relevant bb things a person enjoys doing; hobbies © stopped being interested in something = wanted to know or learn more about something @ make someone curious or excited about something : 7 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in bold in Exercise 6. 1 My uncle collects old things, like stamps, coins and other items 2 He going on family holidays and preferred to travel with his friends. 3 Everyone in my family has different _______, but we all get along well ‘4 When my sister lived in Japan, she _____ Japanese history. 5 Our dad always tries to__ us in classical music, but we think it's boring 17Fae Louise Leakey's gran Petco nels eer pubes) [Bl Louise Leakey: A dig for i Spencer Wells: A family tree Zeresenay Alemseged: The for humanity search for humanity's roots humanity's origins Geneticist Spencer Wels studies how _ Zeresenay Nemseged dP ‘fica’s Louise Leakey grew up in Afica and ig third generation archaeologist in Ethiopian desert, looking for early signs of human ite. The most excting er famiy. Her grandparents were 3emilfion. famous archaeologists, Louis and Mary Leakey. In this tak, she asks, “Who are we?’. The question takes humans have become so different from one another. He knows that all humans share some common bits of DNA, passed down to us from our thing he has found isthe 3. year-old bones of Selam, a young git Tris is the oldest skeleton of a child ‘African ancestors. In this talk, he talks ‘about how the Genographic Project ever ound. He talks about fnding er back to East Africa's Rift Valley, vi use this shared DNA tofind out Slam and how Attica holds the where she igs for the origins of anewers about our human history. humanity: how we are all connected. 4. Read the descriptions of three TED Talks ‘anew things found by archaeologists fhe TED Talks. Who do you think said ea ise Leakey). above. Whats the best theme fo this playlist, a, OF ca b digging tough the generations ¢ ourshered Aca past 2 Read the quotes from t .ch one? Put SW (Spencer Wells), ‘ZA eresenay Alemseged) or LL (Lou! 14 She belongs to the species known as A 1 have been brought up in Kenya, essentialy accompanying fe Turkana in search of human remains." to the human family ree because arly showed that she walked upright wstralopithecus afarensis. - 2 1was very lucky my parents to Lake 3 We were able to tel that she belonged the legs, the foot and some features ce fo the database, and telus a litle about 4°... You can actually submit those results t your genealogical background 3. Match the words (1-3) with their meanings (2-c} ‘a. where something begins or comes from 4 humanty 2 ongn b the set of bones ina body 3 skal ¢ alpeaple “4 Which tale would you most ke to see? Why? Watch the talk at TED.com. 18a E221 who's that? WRITING Inviting people to a family event 1. Read the email inviting family members to a holiday event. For how long does George want Maria and Jason to stay? Star by naming the Hi Maria and Jason! — > fay members) you th ‘wan ‘want to invite to your pe you're both well. | am writing because | war Say what holiday fae to invite you to my place for New Years this year. oy avo inviting | hope you don't already have plans because your family to. Planning something very special. 'm going to cook a large traditional meal to welcome the New Year, and | realy want some of my family to be there too. Remember to use I's a really great time to be here because the ertenee weather is nice, and there isa lot happening in to describe future the city. There's going to be a parade on New plans and new Year's Day which sa lot of fun. The holiday is on words from this Say how long you would ike your _- family to stay. /a Wednesday, so you why don't you stay for the oe whole week? | have plenty of room, Please let me know soon if you can make ft. Best wishes, George 2 Write an email inviting some family members to a holiday event. Answer the questions to plan your email. 1 Which family member(s} do you want to invite to your home? 2 What holiday are you inviting them to? ‘3. What events or activities do you have planned? 4 How long would you like them to stay with you? Wirite your email, Then complete the checklist > YoU use correct spelling and punctuation? 2d you use some new words from this unit? Did you talk about future plans correctly? Did you say what events or activities you have planned? oooo3 Global stories ESI it’s a great story VOCABULARY Describing stories 1. Circle the correct options to complete the sentences. 1 Ifyou tke stories that are realy exciting and full of action, then we can recommend this novel. It's very dramatic / charming. 2 Sophie loved the main character because he was ful of secrets, and she always wondered ‘what he might do next, She said he was mysterious / moving. 3 Even though it was very, very scary, | read this novel right to the end. Then | had nightmares about it because the story was moving / terfying! 4. Lee's favourite thing about the novel was the setting because it was so enjoyable to imagine. It was really charming / dramatic. 5. Everyone in our book club enjoyed the novel because it made us feel really sad when we read it. The story was so terrifying / moving. 2 Complete the text with these adjectives. complicated powerful realistic surprising I prefer to read books that are '______andishow how things are in eal life. Often, it's these ‘stories, which are true, that have the strongest effect on my feelings and are more * _ than fiction. Most of all, | ike novels that are kind of diffcult to read, for example, when the story has a lt of diferent parts and is quite °____. I ove the challenge of folowing these stories! My favourite thing is when unusual and unexpected things happen in the novel. You know, when they have a‘ ending, like something you never thought would happen, LISTENING My favourite book 3 [NEED Listen. Then complete the table using the information in the box. Engind = Haruki Murakami lary Mantel Japan powerful realistic The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle. © Wolf Hal Speaker A Speaker 84 DEES Listen again. According to the speakers, are the statements true or false? 1 Hilary Mante!’s novel is based on a true story, a true b false 2 Wolf Hall takes place hundreds of years ago. a tue b false 3. Neither novel has been made into a TV series. a true b false 4 The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle is not very complicated. a tue b false 5 Haruki Murakami writes very powerful stories, a tne b false 6 Speaker B recommends a different novel by Murakami. a tne b false COMMUNICATION Talking about books 5 Read the conversation. Replace the items in bold with these phrases. it's a story about It’s really dramatic _~—_ worth reading What are you reading at the moment? : 'm reading The Time Traveler's Wife by Audrey Niffenegger. Do you know it? No, I don't think so. Is it any good? : Yeah, i's excellent. What's it about? Well it tells the story of this woman whose husband can travel into the future and back into the past. Wow! Would you recommend it? B: Absolutely. | can’t put it down. Ill lend it to you when I've finished it D> D> DD > 6 Answer the questions in your own words. 1 What's your favourite book? 2 What is it about? 3. Would you recommend it? =EX] what's it about? GRAMMAR Defining relative clauses 1 Circle the correct options to complete the text. ‘Andrés Neuman grew up in Buenos Aires, Argentina, ‘that / where / who he ce i n! ae He has written novels, poetry and shor stories, including several that / where / who 7 Intemational awards. His award-winning novel, Traveler of the Century, was the first to be published in English. Experts ‘where / which / who have recommended his work include John Williams, of The New York Times, and the Chilean novelist, Roberto Bolaiio. 2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. There is one extra word in each group. 1 ahero/ Betman / who / the public / where / protects / is / Batman — 2 novel / who / a bus / Fhis / is about / crashes / that / This __ 3 who/ the school /is / Harry Potter /a student / Hogwarts /is / where Hogwarts me 4 novel / Greece / in / that / a / Captain Goreli's-Mandotit /is / who / takes place Captain Corelli's Mandolin __ 3 Complete the text with that, where or who. Sometimes more than one option is possible. In novels, the theme is what the novel is mainly about. Themes '____are common include love, ambition and war. The setting is the place 2 the events in the novel happen. Then, the characters are the people * are in the story. They're the people « experience all the events and actions ® take place throughout the novel. Finally, the plot is the story ® the Novel tells. The most successful authors are the ones? write very good plots, 4 Join the two sentences with the correct relative pronoun. 1 The main character is a young gitl. The young git tells a terrible le, The main character is @ young girl who tells a terrible lie. 2 Wuthering Heights is a romance, Wuthering Heights tals the story of Cathy and Heatholift 3 Terry Pratchett was an author. Terry Pratchett wrote fantasy novels, 4 I's an interesting novel. The novel describes three generations of the same family. 8 War and Peace isa famous novel. War and Peace is set in Russia,77 This book is based on a mystery. No one can solve the mystery 8 Witten during the 1990s and 40s, The Lord of the Rings is a novel The Lord of the Rings is stil popular today 5 NEEM Listen to two friends discussing a novel. Match the two parts of the sentences. 4 Aravind Adiga is @ novelist that they are talking about, a 2 India is the country b_ who was born in 1974. 3 The White Tiger is the novel ° where Adiga's novels are set. 4 it's about a character called Balram d who dreams of a better ife PRONUNCIATION Dropped /v/ sound in of 6 BEEM 'n spoken English, the word of is usually unstressed, and it is common for the f (pronounced /v/) to be dropped. In which sentences can you hear the /v/ sound? Listen and repeat what you hear. 1. Alot of people | know like historical novels, 2 Most of the time they read mystery novels, 3 None of Amy's friends like science fiction. 4 Alot of authors work long hours. 7 GBEZA Circle the correct words to complete the information. Then listen and check your answers. Native speakers often drop the /v/ sound in of. However, ifthe word that comes ‘before / after cof begins with a vowel sound, then the /v/ sound is usually ® pronounced / not pronounced. 8 EREEA In which of the sentences below do you think you will hear the /v/ sound in of ? Listen and check your answers. 1 Lots of people like The Da Vinci Code. 2 enjoy mystery novels, but | ike science fiction best ofall 3. Some of my friends joined a book group. 4 None of our children like to read. 5 There's a box of books on the table. 6 If you hear of any events, let me know. 7 I spend most of my money on books. 8 Most of the time, | read historical novels.EX] a world in books Three novels. .. Three reviews e challenged Tony Miller, a local blogger, to read three types of book that he doesn't normally like These are his reviews. ‘* & & = Anya’s Ghost by Vera Brosgol (2011) My work colleague. Sang, recommended her favourite graphic novel, Anya’s Ghost. ‘The main character, Anya, is a Russian teenager who goes to live in America. Life at Read the article. Circle the correct options to complete the summary. ‘There are three book reviews. ‘An author / A blogger wrote the reviews, and each book was recommended to him by someone he knows / someone who reads his blog. In each review, Miller begins by telling us the ‘theme / title. Then he describes the novel's ‘plot / style and characters. He ends by telling us whether or not he enjoyed the book. Circle the correct answers. 1 The reviewer @ didn’tlike these novels. —_b_ wouldn't normally read these books 2 Which novel did the reviewer like the most? a Anya's Ghost b Gray Mountain I'm still not a fan of thrillers’ means ‘I stil this kind of book.’ Vnich novel is the newest? b Gray Mountain school is difficult because she doesn’t have many friends. One day Anya meets Emily. a ninety-yeat-old ghost, and everything changes. I was surprised that I liked this novel. It explores identity and friendship, two themes that are important to everyone Gray Mountain by John Grisham (2014) A friend, Miguel, recommended Gray Mountain, which describes problems in the legal Profession and the damage that coal mining does to the environment. It's a revealing story of the challenges poor people face in small mining communities. I's an entertaining book with lots of excitement. Although the plot is good, I'm not sure I'd read any of Grisham's other novels. I'm still not a fan of thrillers. * %& *-& Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury (1953) My neighbour, Katie, knows I'm not interested in science fiction stories, but she persuaded me ‘to try Fahrenheit 451. It’s set in an imagined future where books are illegal. Guy Montag is a government worker responsible for buming all books, but he begins to question the idea that they are dangerous. [loved this novel! It gives us a fascinating look into a strange world where reading is against the law I thought it was marvellous! c c had read these books before Fahrenheit 451 Fahrenheit 451LISTENING 3 [JEDI Listen. What did the speaker think of the reviews? Circle the correct answer < Fs Oy - A Es s $ F 2 8 a She thought they were boring. bb She thought they were interesting, ¢ She thought they were fascinating [NEED Listen again. Circle T for true, F for false or NG for not given. 4 4. The speaker doesn't read a lot 1 F ONG 2 Her favourite type of novel is historical fiction T F NG 3. She felt there wasn't enough detail about the novels in each review. T F NG 4 She has recommended Anya’s Ghost to others. T F NG 5 She probably won't read Gray Mountain. Te NG) T F NG 6 She wants to read Fahrenheit 451 5 Based on the reviews, which book would you most like to read? Why? WORD FOCUS about 6 Read the sentences, paying attention to the phrases in bold. Then complete the table. 1. | can lend you the book tomorrow. |'m just about finished reading it. 2 Yes, the main character is angry, but what about her husband's feelings? 3 I'mreally worried about my English exam. | haven't started the novel. 4 By the end of the book, the main character is about to admit what he's done. 5 Whenever they speak about James Joyce's novels, they always start arguing! phrase definition discuss nearly 'be going to do something very soon {eel nervous or upset because of a problem that you have ‘asking for information or an opinion on something 7 Complete the sentences with the phrases in bold in Exercise 6. 1 His parents are ___ him because he reads books all the time. | think it’s a good thing! really didn't think the story was realistic, —_ you? ____ start tonight's author reading, so please switch off your mobile phones. re & The problem with these characters is that they're not able to ____ their emotions. 5 The author is amazing. She can make you believe — anything!mS. r a exele ri a Nae at = ln TU ACL Reading opens up a whole new world for children aw 4 [A Tracy Chevalier: Finding the [J Lisa Bu: How books can open [J Chimamanda Adichie: The story inside the painting your mind danger of a single story ‘When Tracy Chevalier looks at No one took Lisa Bu's childhood We lear about other countries paintings, she imagines the stories _dreams seriously, so she found and people through the stories we behind them: How did the painter happiness in books instead. When _hear or read about them. When our ‘meet his mode!? What would explain she moved from China to the United opinions are based on a single story that look in her eye” Why is that man States to go to graduate school, she we don't get a true sense of things blushing? She shares three stories _ invented new ways of reading. She Chimamanda Adichie describes inspired by portraits, including the _ciscovered that books give us power how she learned to appreciate and ‘one that led to her best-seling novel, and confidence, even when our \wrte diferent stories that give a true Git With a Pearl Earring, reams don't come true. picture of a person or culture. TEDTALKS 1. Read the descriptions of three TED Talks above. In your opinion, what is the best ttle for this playlist, a, bor c? Inspiring stories bb Populr children's books © Overcoming the fear of reading 2 Read the quotes from the TED Talks. Which speaker do you think said each one? Match the speakers (1-3) with their quotes (a-c). 1 Tracy Chevalier a ve always felt that i is impossible to engage properly with a place or @ person without engaging with all ofthe stories ofthat place and that person, 2 Usa Bu bb ‘What made me stop in my tracks about her to begin with was just the gorgeous colours he uses and the light faling on her face.” 3 Chimamanda Adichie ¢ ‘Books have given me a magic portal (or gate) to connect with people ofthe past and the present. | know I'l never feel lonely or powerless again,’ 3 Circle the correct options to complete the sentences. 1 A portraits a painting of a person / scenery. 2 Ifyou blush, your face goes white / red because you feel embarrassed 3 Ifyou take something seriously, you think / don't think it's important. 4 Which talk would you most lke to see? Why? Watch the talk at TED.com. 28 t3.5 | A good read WRITING Writing a book review 4 Read the book review. In Longbourn, who do the main characters, Sarah and James, work for? Begin by saying) recently read ; ‘what the title [ ly read Longbourn by the British author, ee inthe 20 Baker. I's based onthe famous 19th-century author is. novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen. But, in Longbourn, Jo Baker invents the story of the servants who work for the Bennet family in Pride and Prejudice. Mention It's set in England, and the main characters are two something you servants, Sarah and James, who fallin love. War and liked or didn't like about the book, OM" Problems keep them apart, but a chenge in Finish by saying _Stuation brings them together. whether you | really enjoyed the ending, which is very moving, recommend the _ | would recommend this marvellous book to anyone who book. |likes historical novels, 2 Write a review of a book you have read. It can be a book you liked or didn’t like. ‘Answer the questions to plan your review. 4 What is the title? Who is the author? 2 Can you briefly describe the setting, characters and plot? 3. Can you say something that you liked or did't like about the book? 4 Would you recommend the book to others? 3. Write your review. Then complete the checklist. Did you use correct spelling and punctuation? Did you describe something you liked or didn't like about the book? Did you deseribe the setting, characters and plot? Did you say whether or not you would recommend it? oooa = ry A & Es ry Provide some general infornation about the novel Describe the setting, characters and plot,4 Music ES] Feel the music VOCABULARY Music 1. Use the clues (1-8) to complete the puzzle, Use these words. cheerful country electronic gentle lively relaxed rhythmic romantic Across i 3 a type of music originally from the southern 7 i and westem USA, F 5 feeling calm because nothing is worrying you G 7 full of energy 8 music made using special equipment and computers, F Down F 1 not strong 2 happy and positive 4 music that makes you think of love 6 having a reguiar repeated sound 2 Answer the questions in your own words. 11 Which do you preter — hip-hop or classical music? How does it make you feel? 2 Do you listen to easy listening or heavy metal more? Why? 3 What kind of music makes you feel cheerful? What kind makes you feel relaxed? LISTENING Thoughts on music IEE Listen. What topic is each person discussing? Put the topics (a-d) in the order you hear them (1-3). One topic is extra. a musiclessons.— __ b anew instrument © asong da recent concertee ™ 44 [BIKE Listen again. Answer the questions 4, Why does Linda lke the song? 2 How does Mark feel about his neighbour's taste in music? 3, How did Susan feel at the concert? COMMUNICATION Talking about music 5. Circle the correct options to complete the sentences, 1 A:Do you have a lot of their stuff? 8: No, I don't know many / much oftheir songs, 2A: What are you listening to? B: Oh, i's a song / music by Beyoncé 3. A: I've never heard of this band before. B: That's impossible! They're really famous / upbeat! 4 A: What are you doing on Saturday? B: I'm going to a concert / alum. 6 Answer the questions in your own words. 1 What kind of music do you like? 2 Do you have many pop songs on your phone? 3 What is your favourite song? Why?cy Getting into a good rhythm GRAMMAR Countable and uncountable nouns 1 Look at the underlined nouns in the sentences, Write C for countable or U for uncountable. 1 We need to do some more work on this song. 2 Then we met the musicians after the concert! ees 3 Unfortunately, they didn't sell many tickets — 4 He's done alot of research on this type of music. = 5 I think they use too many guitars in this song, 6 Do you have any information about the new album? — 2 Circle the correct options to complete the sentences, 1 Sorry | couldn't hear you. There was a many b alotot © much ‘noise in the stadium, 2 They had too a some b much © many problems with the last album, 3 She can't go to the music festival. She doesn't have money. a much b many © afew 4 I'm not an expert, but I do have knowledge about this. @ many b afew ¢ alittle 5 Ike of his songs, but not all of them. a some b aiitle © much 6 Maybe | can help you. | have ideas to suggest. a atew b much ¢ alle LANGUAGE FOCUS Talking about quantity Circle the correct options to complete the information. Composers of electronic music usually use just a few / litle instruments to make their music, such as crum machines, keyboards and synthesizers. “Little / Lots of pre-recorded sounds are used in Smany / much performances,14, Rewrite each sentence So that it has the same meaning Change the words in bold. 4 nave sme oasyitering songs on my phone, but not many 5 [IEBI Listen to two people talking about a music playlist, Complete the sentences. 4 The man thinks there’s hip-hop music. 2 Thewoman doesn'thave_____heavy metal songs. 3 Themanaskshow —__ electronic music is on the plays 4 Thewoman saysthereis electronic music, PRONUNCIATION Word stress 6 BNE Listen. Notice the different stress patterns in these two- and three syllable words. 00 ° 0 000 © Oo mu/sic —re/laxed = au/di/ence —ro/man/tic 7 GET Listen. Underline the stressed syllables in the words. 1 attitude 2 important 3 passion 4 rhythmic 5 reduce 6 classical 7 heavy 8 performer 8 ENE] Complete the table with these words. Then listen and check your answers. eompeser country effect gentle instrument listen musical musician [00 Et) O00 000 composerLEI It’s our song READING Move to the music! yeople have known for a long time that music affects our motivation to exercise. But only in the past ten years have researchers understood why exercise and music go so well together. 2 Music helps our brain think of other things during exercise, When you begin to feel tired or sore, your brain tells you to stop or slow down. Music competes with this information and can help you camry on ‘without stopping for a break. Listening to music has other effects too. It improves your mood, It may even ‘make your body more efficent. Music can help you sswim faster, run further and cycle longer without even realizing it. It is so powerful that some organizations ban music during marathons so that no runner gets an unfair advantage 2 Different types of music have diferent tempos ~ or the speed at which music is played. For example, jazz 1s played at about 110 beats per minute (bpm), hip-hop and pop at 110-140 bpm and techno at 120-160 bpm. ‘To get the maximum benefit of music, match the music to the type of exercise you are doing. When walking at 1 Read the article. What is it mainly about? the effect of music on exercise b types of music and their tempos the best music to play at the gym 2 Circle the correct answers. Studies have shown that music eases the pain of working out a normal speed, most people prefer music around 125 bpm. When running, they prefer music at 160 bpm. But choosing the most effective music is not as simple as filling up your phone with fast songs. Many people feel ‘more motivated to keep moving if song matches their ‘mood. So, if you find a song gets you moving, play it! 1. What is not given as a reason why music helps with exercise? a trelaxes your muscles. b Itimproves your mood. It helps stop the brain from feeling tired, 2 What would be the best music choice if you wanted to go for a run? a hip-hop b techno © pop 3 Which of these does the author suggest you think about when choosing a song to exercise to? a_howlongitis b how loud you play it ¢ how it makes you feel =LISTENING 3, BBEZD Listen. What type of talk is it? a anadvert b areview 4 BEBE Listen again. Circle the correct answers, 4 The product has GPS and the ability to check your _ ‘a heart rate © alecture b fat bum 2 Which of hese wil cause the ‘coach’ to tell a person to slow down? playing a fast song b increased heart rate 3 Which feature did the speaker not lke? athe coach's voice is too loud b ittonly chooses music from the speaker's collection 5 Which feature do you think would mast improve the smart trainer? Why? @ count calones bumed bb choose music om other sources og play songs faster or slower WORD FOCUS hear 6 Read the sentences (1-5), paying attention to th: 1e words and phrases in bold. Then choose the correct meaning from the box. to be contacted by someone tobe told information _te-Hster-te-something to know about something or someone to receive sound 1 I'd realy lke to hear them playing that song lve. tolisten to something _ 2 So, when did you hear the news about the band breaking up? 3 The problem with the drummer is that he can’t hear very well 4 |Illet you know as soon as | hear from the manager. 5 Have you ever heard of Neo-Soul music? 7 Match the two parts of the sentences. heard about his plans to start a new band, ''m not sure whether he's coming to the concert with us; 1 2 3 | heard a really interesting podcast last night; 4 She's a really popular singer; | can’t believe 5 | thought | could hear my phone ringing, but he hasn't asked anyone to join yet. o ‘haven't heard from him yet. © you've never heard of her. a but it was somebody else's. it was about the history of reggae music.ey TR TI Its design is simple, The flag is white with five connecting circles in the middle, representing the five continents that take part in the Olympics. The intemational symbolism of these linked circles is a powerful one. Each circle is a different colour ~ blue, yellow, black, green, red. These colours represent those found in the national flag of every country that takes part. The white background symbolizes peace 1 ORD ‘The Olympic flag symbolizes that the games are intended for all nations to come together and compete in peace ‘Atevery opening ceremony, athletes from the host country cary in the Olympic fag and take an cath or promise, to honour the games and play by the rl ‘The fag and its five-ring logo are protected in most countries and may only be used for official Olympic purposes. The Olympic lag is one of the world's ‘most well-Amown flags, because itis something that represents so many of us. 1. Read the article. What is the most important point about the Olympic flag? ‘a The designer of the flag, Pierre de Coubertin, also organized the 1896 games. 'b No one has permission to use the flag unless it's for official Olympic business. ¢¢ Its design manages to represent all the countries that take part in the games. 2 Match the paragraphs (1~4) with the headings (a-e). One heading is extra. ‘a What does the flag symbolize? 1. Paragraph 1 2 Paragraph 2 b_ How is the flag used today? 3 Paragraph 3 © What is the history of the Olympics? 4 Paragraph 4 d_ How often are the games held? e When was the flag first used? LISTENING 3 IBID) Listen. What are the speakers talking about? ‘a_what the Olympic flag represents b the history of the Olympic games ¢ who designed the Olympic flag.n again. Circle the correct answe po Lston again: Cr ers, sD Cy ry A H 3 ry A fs E a sow doas the man fel about the Olympic fag? a Herealy Kes it b He hasn't thought about it very much. | ati the worn’ tude to the Ohmic Games? a She thinks they're interesting. 'b She doesn't like sports. 4 The man's favourite ting about the fags that it represents | fa. the word's oldest sporting event the people of the world «4 Does the woman change her opinion inthe end? a Yes, she does. b No, she doesn't. «5 [syourown opinion ofthe Olympic flag more like the man’s or the woman's? Why? WORD FOCUS cesign and designer 6 Read the sentences. Notice the different uses of design and designer. Circle the correct words to complete the explanations. 1 ‘Idrink my tea from a special teacup that has a bright, colourful design around the centre.’ In this context, design is noun. It means a patter, or the way something is decorated / used. 2 ‘Idon't lke this kitchen. its design is a bit too old-fashioned for me.” In this context, design means the way that something is used! / made for a certain purpose 3 ‘Iwent back to university to become a graphic designer because I've always enjoyed being creative.’ inthis context, a designer is someone who puts text and pictures together to make magazines, web pages, clothes / adverts, etc. 4 ‘Ilove my job. | design garden furniture that is sold in some famous department stores. In this context, design is a noun / verb. It means drawing or planning something before / after itis made. 5 ‘I took a course in web design because | wanted to build my own websites.’ In this context, design means the process of making magazines / drawings or plans to show how something will be created or made. 6 ‘She must have a lot of money because she always buys designer clothes.’ In this context, designer is a(n) adjective / noun that describes something very cheap / expensive made by a person or company that is famous and fashionable, for example, Chanel 7 Read the sentences (a-). Match them with the correct explanation (1-6) in Exercise 6. 4 | used to design original posters to advertise my friend's band. — 'b She never studied fashion design, but her range of shirts sold really wel last year. —— ¢ He wears designer sunglasses because he thinks they make him look lke a rock star. d The design of this car helps it to go faster, and actually saves energy too. —— € love this T-shirt. | ike the design on the back, which has a pattem of ines and circles. ____ f We hired an excellent designer to create a new marketing brochure for us. —_5.4 | The worst-designed thing you’ve never noticed EQ Tony Fadell: The first secret of | [J Paula Sch ign is adel: The f reat design is Jacek Utko: ¢ design is ... noticing serious, not solemn a newspapers? an deson gs Product designer Tony Fadel Designer Paula Scher shares aoe Utko was an architect: discusses orginal ways of creating some interesting expences from stated desiring neuspapee ‘a good design. He shares his own over thirty years working in the Eastern Europe at a time —_ Mo, experiences and offers some useful profession. She uses the terms _people had already stopped buy, tips. He encourages designers to pay serious and solemn, suggesting that them, He got rd ofthe ols Fl Careful attention to details, the way solemn work is boring. But her best and imoroved the product to, a children do. He believes that when designs are created when she does _ the reader a better oosiece e we realy notice things, we find ways serious work, which she often calls designs hugely increased rove, to make them better by asking the _ serious play. sales. Tight questions. TEDTALKS 1 Read the descriptions of three TED Talks above. In your opinion, what is the best title for this playlist, a, b orc? a How to create designs that win big awards 'b Designers and the common mistakes they make ¢ What we can learn from successful designers 2 Read the TED playlist again. Circle the correct answers. 1 Why does Tony Fadell encourage designers to think like children? ‘a Children have a lot of fun and don't take anything seriously. b Children notice details and can see things in anew, different way. 2 What can we guess about Paula ‘Scher's view of solemn designs? ‘a They're too formal and often not very: creative. She doesn't have much experiance with them. 3. What can we guess about Jacek Utko's attitude? ‘a He's only interested in making money. b He really thinks about the ‘customers and wants them to enjo} rds from the TED playlist. y reading the paper. 3 Complete the sentences with the highlighted wor ___ you advice, you can choose whether or not to follow it ___ before he became a designer. ____ the ones that weren't working. 1 If someone ____ 2 Jacek Utko had a different ___ 3 We kept the best ideas and 4. Which talk would you most ike to see? Why? Watch the talk at TED.com- 42 _” wo Keeping it simple pITING Describing your country's flag wi oad about the fag of Jamaica. What does the yellow on the flag represent? 1 tence, SaY | come from Jamaica, and my country's flag has a very wat f09 YO" nice design. tt uses three cok eee L lours: yellow, green and |_~ colours are used, black. Two thick yellow lines meetin the middle ofthe i inthe fag, Then, describe flag, like an X. At the top and bottom of the yellow, there the design of —] @F@green tangles. On the left and right ofthe yelow, —__T touse preposiions the f20 there are black triangles. ee Each colour on the flag symbolizes something special Finish by about my country. Black represents the strength and explaining what | creativity of the people, The yellow represents the ee beauty ofthe sun and green symbolizes hope and of the flag ing resour represen L farming resources, 2 Deserbe your country's flag, or another flag you know. Answer the questions to plan your description, 4, What flag are you describing? 2 What colours does it use? 3 Can you describe the design ofthe lag? Can you use prepostions of pace to explain where each element is? 4 Can you explain what the colours represent? 3 Write your description. Then complete the checklist. Did you use correct spelling and punctuation? Cid you use some new words from this unt? id you describe the colours and design of the fag? 1d you explain what the colours represent? oooo0o ¢ EH a { Ey rs 4 ry 36 Inspiring people [ESI They changed my life VOCABULARY Sources of inspiration 4. Complete the sentences with these words. changed gave-—singpired ©=—= showed © supported Was 1 My grandperents were the ones who my decision to become diving instructor. 2 Her father's ciscovery completely —_____ their Ives. They are now famous! 3 He _____a great role model for his younger brothers. 4 My music teacher _ me to audition for the orchestra. 5 Our parents always ___ us good advice. 6 She ______ them that with hard work, nothing was impossible. 2 Answer the questions in your own words. 1. Has someone or something ever changed your lfe? How? 2 Did you have a role model when you were younger? Who was it? LISTENING My inspiration 3 NIEXI Listen to someone talking about people who inspire her. Put the people (a-d) in the order that they're mentioned (1-3). One is extra. a ateacher —_ b awork colleague = __ ¢ afriend — d neighbour — 4 [VERE Listen again, How did each person inspire the speaker? Complete the sentences. 1 Kevin said to do ____ work even though the speaker doesn't think she has —__ 2 Katie asked the speaker to join her in starting a side _______ selling ___ cakes. 3 George told her to keep __ because he thought she hada lot ofcom MUNICATION Talking about an 'Nspirational person 5 orc the correct options to complete the Conversations. 4 Inada great teacher at School. She realy inspired me, i: Did she give / ask you any good advice? ss ean, se did She sid told me to study hard and never give up. 2. & Mygrancfather give / gave me some great advice a few a: On yeah? What was it? c FI ° z 2 3 H 1 H H & b ‘months ago ‘Wel, | realy lie fashion. He said / asked that | should start a blog. So | did! 3 Ittink Kate Middleton's an nso inspiration to a ot of people Why is that? A: She once said / fold that she wanted to be a good mother. And think she is «5 Answer the questions in your own words, 1 Which of your teachers did you find inspiring? Why? 2 Did his teacher give you any advice? If so, what did he or she say?[21 inspiring words GRAMMAR Reported speech 1. Circle the correct options to complete the reported sentences. 1 ‘You're very brave.’ He said __ very brave. ee b Ihad ce Iwill 2 ‘Do something you enjoy.’ She told me something | enjoy. a do b todo © Ido 3 ‘Don't worry about money.’ They told me about money, don't wory b nottowony not worried 4 ‘Great leaders inspire me.” He ____ great leaders inspired him. a told b told that © seid that 5 ‘lenjoy challenges.’ He said he challenges, a enjoyed b enjoy © to-njoy 6 ‘Idon't agree with you." ‘She told me she. with me. a don'tagree b didn't agree © doesn't agree 2 Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. | just had a huge argument with my father. | told him | University. | said |*____(not be) happy, but he told me ® year. He said it © (want) to change my course at ~ (wait) until the end of the {be) too soon to make such a big decision. | got upset and told him he - - (not do) understand. I said 1®_____ (hate) science, and I told him | (Plan) to study art instead. He told me | needed *___ think) carefully about everything, but I've already made up my mind, LANGUAGE FOCUS Reporting what people say 3 Circle the correct options to complete the sentences. 1 My music teacher said / told me to practise more. 2 My mother said/ told that | should take a year off before I started university 3 Alice's fiends said / told that they iked her drawings, 4 My parents said / told me to always look adult inthe eye 5 My father said / told that he really admired Bill Gates. 6 Our teacher said / told us not to be late any more.ne conversation: Then complete the sentences below 4 je: vookat tat painting Ugh, don't ke it at al 824 enter Mere preter the fst one we looked at ose Yeah, | d0 t00. ep tors 812010 ook atthe painting 4 Mt BEB Listen toa man taking about his grandmother. Circe the correct options to complete the sentences, 4 Hs grandmother fold him fo quit / not to quit hs job 2 se sad that he should find something he loved! / was good at. 43 When he missed a goal, she said / oiain’t say that it was OK, {4 She told him to study / practise more. §5 She told him and his brother to walk / drive to the cinema. PRONUNCIATION Pausing after commas 6 ENE Listen and repeat what you hear. Notice how there is often a slight pause after a comma. 1 In 1995, J. K. Rowling wrote the first Harry Potter book. 2 After lot of hard work, he passed all of his exams. 3 Theyhad a long marriage, but it was not an easy one. 7 INEZ) Add a comma to each sentence. Then listen for the pause to check your answers. 1 After she climbed Mount Kilimanjaro she decided to run the London Marathon, 2 Asa child his older brother was a great role model. 3 My Aunt Janet led a very traditional life but | found her very inspiring, 4 2016 athletes from all over the world competed at the Rio Olympic Games. 5 | worked hard on my project and | got a really good mark for it. 8 GEG Listen. Write the number of pauses you hear in the sentences, ¢ FS ry Fl FH z Fy a 2 H H 2 by a7