UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
MT 100: FOUNDATION OF ANALYSIS
TUTORIAL SHEET 3, 2020/2021.

1. (a) Prove that if x is rational and y is not rational, then x+y is not
rational.

(b) Prove by direct proof that  If the sum of real number with itself is equal
to its square, then the number is 0 or 2 .
√ √ √
(c) Prove that if 6 is irrational, then 2+ 3 is also irrational.

(d) Prove by contradiction/ indirect proof that if x is an integer and 3x is

even then x is even.

2. Prove by mathematical induction that:

(a) 23n − 1 is divisible by 11.

(b) 7n − 4n is a multiple of 3, ∀n ∈ N.
(c) (1 + x)n ≥ 1 + nx, x > −1.
(d) 1 × 1! + 2 × 2! + · · · + n × n! = (n + 1)! − 1.
√
3
3. (a) Prove that 3 is irrational.
(b) Prove by contrapositive that for any integers a and b, a+b ≥ 15 implies
that a≥8 or b ≥ 8.
(c) Prove that e = 2.718 · · · is not rational.

4. The Lucas sequence {1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 18, 29, · · · } is dened by a1 = 1 , a2 = 3

and an = an−1 + an−2 for n ≥ 3. Prove by mathematical induction that
an < (1.75)n .

5. Prove by contradiction that if A ∩ B = A, then A ⊆ B.