ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE MODULE

POETRY

Arranged by:
Ayu Amelia Azhari (1505085118)
Achmad Rizky Firdaus (1705085022)
Umy Hamidah Izzati (1905086001)
Tsamara Nazhiifa Putri (1905086002)
Fikry Khaikal (1905086003)
Dhafiya Aqilla Aurelia (1905086004)
Sella Kanila Hajijah (1905086005)
Nabila Juwita Aurellia (1905086006)
Windie Nabila Azzahra S. (1905086007)

A 2019

English Education
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Mulawarman University
Samarinda, East Kalimantan
 PREFACE

Praises and gratitude for the presence of Almighty God for His grace and
abundance we are able to complete this English Language Course Module focusing on
Poetry for 12th Grade High School students. We would like to thank our lecturer, Dr.
Sunardi, S.S., M. Hum. For guiding us in the completion of this project. This module
made with the intention to fulfill Literature in Language Teaching course final project
and to provide instructional material in English Language teaching. It is also equipped
with exercises to hone students’ understanding and evaluation to test their knowledge
related to the materials in the module.
Teachers may use the material and activities of each sections in this module which
considered as fitting and more relevant to the learner’s needs, they could also select
certain one to add into their own materials to fulfill the requirements. Though, we are
aware that our module is far from perfect as there are still many flaws in it. Therefore,
any critics and suggestion are welcomed to improve and perfect this module.
Hopefully, this module can be useful to all of us.

Samarinda, December 21st 2021

Writers
 INTRODUCTION

A. Module Identity
Course : English as Foreign Language
Class : XII / 12
Time Allocation : 9 Meetings (90 Minutes/meeting)
Module’s Topic : Poetry

B. Lesson Description
Literature can be used as authentic source for language learning. The reason of this is
because literature is rich in language uses and vocabularies, the fact that it also offers
cultural knowledge would make us more aware of how language is used differently
according to the cultures, in turn would prevent us from making a mistake in the language
use. In addition, literature may make a lesson more motivating because it can relate to the
life of human more than educational materials. Literature has many kinds and one of them
is poetry. It can be used to express deep emotions and feelings through aesthetically
composed words as well as encourage language acquisition.

C. Module Usage Instruction

In this module, the learners are to understand and recognize poetries along with its
structures, kinds, elements, and language features as well as to analyze its meaning and the
words included in it. Please pay attention to the module usage instructions below:
1. This module may be studied by the instructor independently or with other instructors, at
school and outside of school.
2. It is recommended to study this module along with additional materials such as
examples in the form of images, videos, and audios from various sources accessible.
3. It is also recommended to study and observe other learning resources or exercises
related to poetries.

D. Material
This module is separated into nine (9) learning activities and included activity description,
poem examples, exercises, and evaluation. In the learning activities, there are variety of
objectives but all of them focused on the basic of poetries in language learning. Reading is
the main activity in this module because the topic is about poetry.
 Definition of Poetry
Poems are works of literature written in metrical form or with patterned language. It's
also known as the art of creating pleasure through attractive, elevated, inventive, or
profound concepts through written or spoken rhythmical compositions. Poetry is
defined as "the craft of a poet; poems" by Hornby (1985: 644). Described as verse-
based creative work, particularly those that communicate deep emotion or lofty ideals.

Beautiful language, written with the desire to communicate experience. Poetry is

difficult to describe because it encompasses a wide range of topic matter, form, and
style effect. Poetry is chock-full of thought-provoking phrases. The meaning of words
in poetry can be deduced from their context the numerous points of view and the
readers' capacity to comprehend them As a result, learning how to it is critical to
examine poetry.

The outcome of poetry analysis and interpretation can take the shape of messages,
such as the existence of a message in educational, moral, intellectual, and spiritual
elements, all of which can be utilized and integrated in language acquisition. We may
design a basic yet effective lesson plan by understanding how to analyze poetry.

Word poetry, according to Edgar Alan Poe, is the rhythmical creation of beauty. Taste
is its sole arbitrator unless, incidentally, it has no regard for either duty or truth.
Poetry is language that expresses something that cannot be expressed verbally through
a greater or less emotional reaction (Edwin Arlington Robinson). Poetry is the
rhythmic, inexorably narrative transition from overclothed to naked perception (Dylan
Thomas).

 Characteristics of Poetry
 Structures of Poetry
 What Is the Structure of a Poem?
 What is the structure of a poem? When discussing the structure of a
poem, there are several different elements that are important. All of them
come together to create a coherent poetic work. A standard definition of
poetic structure would discuss a poem's form (meaning the number of
lines that it has), its rhythm and rhyme scheme, and whether it is an
example of an existing type of poetry. Poetry is a very broad genre of
writing that can include many disparate works. Poems can differ in
content, structure, or both. For examples of poems that are structurally as
different as can be, consider the poems ''In a Station of the Metro'' by
Ezra Pound and Paradise Lost by John Milton. Both are poems, but one is
only a few words long while the other is an epic story told in verse. The
structure of a poem refers to the way it is presented to the reader. This
could include technical things such as the line length and stanza format.
Or it could include the flow of the words used and ideas conveyed.
 Line length
 Line length shows the reader how it should be read. Short lines are
usually read faster, with more emotion. Longer lines slow down the pace
of a poem. Choosing appropriate line breaks gives a reader a chance to
take a natural breath.
 Stanzas
 Stanzas, the groups of lines, are like paragraph in prose. They contain a
central idea. Having multiple stanzas gives readers a chance to focus on
multiple ideas. Think about a page with writing. Is it more manageable to
read it if all the words flow together as one paragraph or if they are
broken apart into appropriate paragraphs? The same works with poetry.
 Consistency
 Structure also refers to the consistency used throughout the poem. An
author might start each line with a certain part of speech, or a repeated
line or phrase is used at the same spot in each stanza.
 When a poem has a strong sense of structure, it flows from beginning to
end, and the ideas are easily conveyed.

Structural Elements of Poetry

 How are poems organized? There are several structural elements of
poetry that are particularly important to consider when analyzing any
poetic work. These include:
 Rhythm: The rhythm of a poem is the beat or pattern that the words and
syllables in the poem have. Some poems are iambic, meaning that the
poem is made up of sets of unstressed-stressed syllable pairs.
 Meter: The meter of a poem denotes how the rhythm intersects with a
poem's line length. For instance, if a poem is written in iambic
pentameter, then each line will have five sets of unstressed-stressed
syllable pairs.
 Rhyme scheme: A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming words that
make up the end of each line. Not all poems rhyme, but those that do
might follow an ABAB rhyme scheme, where lines 1 and 3 rhyme (the A
lines) and lines 2 and 4 also rhyme (the B lines).
 Form: The form of a poem includes its length and whether it is divided
into sections or stanzas. A stanza is a group of lines in a poem which is
separated from other parts of the poem by space. A poem with stanzas
consisting of four lines would be said to be made up of quatrains.
 Analyzing a poem means looking at all of these structural elements. Each
one will have been deliberately chosen by the poem's writer to add
 meaning to the work. Rhyme scheme in particular can be used to
emphasize certain ideas in a poem. A poem with repeating stanzas or
phrases might have a very different emotional impact on the reader than a
poem in which nothing repeats.

Poem Structure Examples

 There are many unique poem structure examples from around the world.
Poem construction is highly variable. However, there are certain set ways
that poems can be formatted that fall into recognized categories of poetry.
All of these poetic structures have their own rules, some of which are
extremely challenging.

Sonnets
 A sonnet is a great example of a type of poem with a distinct structure.
Originally an Italian form of poetry, sonnets were later adopted by
English poetic traditions and became an exceptionally popular poetic
form for many years. Sonnets must be fourteen lines in length and are
usually written in iambic pentameter. Their rhyme schemes vary, but they
generally do rhyme. The last two lines of a sonnet form a rhyming
couplet. At some point in the poem, usually after the first eight lines, a
sonnet usually has a volta, or shift, where the meaning of the poem
suddenly changes. William Shakespeare contributed greatly to sonnets as
a poetic form.

 Purposes/Function of Poetry in Language Learning

THE PURPOSE OF POETRY

Poetry is significant because it exemplifies how humans utilize language to explore and
comprehend. It, like other forms of writing that we respect, gives shape and meaning to our
experiences and allows us to move securely in the world we know and then beyond it
(Simecek & Rumbold, 2016). Poetry has a significant role in human lives, teaching, and
learning. According to Paradina, 2018 in her thesis proposal, there are two uses of poetry.
Poetry for language teaching and poetry for literary learning.

In language teaching. Poetry as a pupils to develop their competence, they must be able to
utilize language in a communicative manner. When children study a language, they develop
four skills: listening, reading, speaking, and writing in the English language school. The four
abilities are likewise divided into two halves. The first are receptive abilities, such as
listening and reading. The second is speaking and writing, which are referred to as productive
skills (Paradina, 2018).
Poetry, according to Chemwei, Kiboss, and Cheruiyot (2013), is taught in literature because it
allows students to explore a linguistic and conceptual aspect of written text without
necessarily concentrating on language mechanics. Furthermore, when the teacher reads
poetry aloud, it assists students in expanding on the word within the text and connecting the
word to their own personal experiences. As a result, the student's ability to develop a sense of
meaning based on their experiences can be enhanced by reading poetry. It is possible to
conclude that poetry is used in the teaching and learning process because it allows students to
explore linguistic and experiential learning through poetry.

In the field of poetry for literary learning it is explained by Paradina (2018) that learning
poetry is an alternative method to introduce the students‟ purposes to increase their
competence where poetry can give benefit in learning language. There are several advantages
to using poetry in literary language class to improve students' competence skills, such as:
students can practice speaking to improve communication with supporting text and
declamation with students' style. According to Mittal (2014), learning poetry allows students
to read, imagine, think, discuss, and write more. Then, students learned about poems
indirectly because the teacher provided several activities related to the learning language.

 Language Features of Poetry

Poetry is a literary work that contains the most elements of beauty. This can be noticed in
the features of poetry that uses figurative language, the writer's choice of words and the
meanings represented. By using these language features, writers can evoke emotion and
imagery from their writing that literal language cannot. As a result, expressing meaning
through writing becomes easier and more accessible to the reader. The following are
several language feature elements, includes:
1. Alliteration: Alliteration is repetition of consonant sounds, usually at the beginning of
words. e.g. “cuddling kittens” or “shocking and shiny”.
2. Assonance: Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds in the series of the words. e.g.
“Thabo saw the oar” or “Blue moon”.
3. Metaphor: Metaphor is a direct comparison of two things that are not alike in order to
suggest that they actually have something in common. It makes comparisons between
things by stating that one thing literally is something else. e.g. “Time is a thief” or
“Liars made her blood boil”.
4. Simile: Simile is an indirect comparison, using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’, e.g. as “My
love is like a red rose” or “Red as blood”.
5. Personification: Personification is an object appear like a person or giving human
characteristics to an object or idea, e.g. “The wind howled” or “The snowflakes danced
in the wind”.
6. Hyperbole: Hyperbole is a deliberate exaggeration (dramatic language) that usually
appear with humor, e.g. “A big man is mountainous”.
7. Irony: Irony is a statement or situation that has an underlying meaning that is different
from the literal meaning, e.g. Standing in a storm and saying, ‘Nice weather.’
8. Repetition: Repetition is saying the same thing again, e.g. Run! Run!
9. Onomatopoeia: Onomatopoeia is a word that the same as the sound. It refers to the
process of creating words that sound like the very thing they refer to., e.g. zip, meow,
click
 10. Symbol: Symbol is an object standing for an idea. It is that when a word refers totally
a different meaning than its original meaning., e.g. Christianity is represented by a
cross, and Islam by a crescent moon.

 Types/Genres of Poetry
 Lyrical vs. General Poetry

LYRICAL POETRY VS POETRY IN GENERAL

1. Definition of Poetry in General

Poetry is a literature that evokes a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience or a

specific emotional response through language chosen and arranged for its meaning, sound,
and rhythm. Poetry is a vast subject, as old as history and older, present wherever religion is
present, possibly—under some definitions—the primal and primary form of languages
themselves.

2. Definition of Lyrical Poetry

Modern lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry which expresses personal emotions or
feelings, typically spoken in the first person. It is not equivalent to song lyrics, though song
lyrics are often in the lyric mode, and it is also not equivalent to Ancient Greek lyric poetry,
which was principally limited song lyrics, or chanted verse, hence the confusion. The term
for both modern lyric poetry and modern song lyrics both derives from a form of Ancient
Greek literature, the Greek lyric, which was defined by its musical accompaniment, usually
on a stringed instrument known as a Kithara. The term owes its importance in literary theory
to the division developed by Aristotle between three broad categories of poetry: Lyrical,
dramatic, and epic. Lyric Poetry is also one of the earliest forms of literature. Lyrical Poetry
is also known as Lyrics.

3. Similarities between Poetry and Lyrical Poetry

Both poetry and lyrics train themselves to:

1) Write memorable titles, refrains and choruses
2) Train themselves to hear the music hidden in language
3) Take a basic idea and rephrase it in fresh, creative ways
4) Weave words into patterns of rhyme
5) Arrange sections of a text into a logical, seamless whole

4. Differences between Poetry and Lyrical Poetry

Although Lyrics are also qualified as Poetry, there are some differences between them.
 1) Poetry is meant to be read on paper. Meanwhile lyric is meant to be sung by a person.
2) Lyrics are set to music and it might sound weird when read without music.
Meanwhile poetry stands alone and does not need music at all.
3) Lyrics need to be easily caught through the ear. Meanwhile poetry needs to capture a
listener’s imagination.
4) Poetry can be read silently. Meanwhile lyrics must be sung and should be smooth to
sing.
5) Poetry can be almost any length. Meanwhile lyrics must be concise.

REFERENCES

https://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poem/article-structure-in-poetry
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https://study.com/learn/lesson/what-is-the-structure-of-a-poem.html

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