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Optical mapping

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Most of the features that you detect (that show up) in the
underwater environment are kind of non-non-discriminant
discriminant.
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Removing sunlight flicker
Refracted sunlight creates irradiance (light) fluctuations

Refracted Sunlight
• Can disrupt image processing algorithms (matching and segmentation)
• Makes it harder to interpret benthic structures
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Our Approach – 2 key observations

! Observation 1
" The difference between an image and the temporal median
has two components
Component 1 – Instant illumination field from sun light

Component 2 – Artifacts from registration errors

Difference

Original image Temporal Median

- =

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Our Approach – 2 key observations

! Observation 2
" The two components are (usually) easily separable in the
frequency domain
Illumination field has
lower spatial frequencies

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Low Pass
Filter

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higher spatial frequencies
High Pass
Filter

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Removing sunlight flicker
Input Output

Temporal Median Difference Illumination field Residue


(Input - Median) (low pass difference) (Output - Median)

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sunlight flicker revisited

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A. Shihavuddin, N. Gracias, R. Garcia. "Online Sunflicker Removal using Dynamic Texture Prediction".
International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, pp. 161-167, Rome (Italy).
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L. Neumann, R. Garcia, J. Basa, R. Hegedus. "Acquisition and Visualization Techniques for Narrow Spectral
Color Imaging", Journal of the Optical Society of America A. Vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1039–1052, 2013.
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Koschmieder equation in the air and in water

( ) * + ) , ! ) - . , /& 0 !/)11
( ) * + ) , 2 345 - . , /& 0 2 345 6

A,&07$&;,9$(B"0$(&)"8$&".86(30*6,&V"%37"W&)",,60&.$&,$5%$)0$9L
:6&*0&.$)64$8&8%*570%I&9*##$($,02

3/78415
9
(/)1 * +/)1 , 2 - ., & 0 2 3/78415
:-9

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=.86(30*6,&)6$##*)*$,0&+89:+
+89:+ ",9&8)"00$(*,5&
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=($&"%86&B"1$%$,507&9$3$,9$,0`

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-("'(/-"7 +")/10' 9-6'8/E

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O"8*)&*9$"

I ( x) = J ( x)t ( x) + A(1 ! t ( x)

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Dark channel prior (He et al.):

Most local patches in haze-free


haze
haze- outdoor images
contain some pixels which have very low intensities in
at least one color channel, so that for these pixels:

( ) * + ) , ! ) - . , /& 0 !/)11 D:'*' ! * 2 345

G+*B)&:+(('8)&+();'),'>-(',)+/H

( ;<=> /?1 * @AB @AB ( C


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=/HG'?'-HM47F'HG5'H//7*)')(H)'0G7L'J(7G'27F)'Q.)).G6'
=/HG'?'-HM47F'HG5'H//7*)')(H)'0G7L'J(7G'27F)'Q.)).G6'0//41F'
0//41F'VV %?>=?#'M.K7'H**10H/(3

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Instead of depth-based
depth based fitting, first let’s have the estimation of ‘Veiling light’ in
depth-
the blue channel by Tarel
Tarel-Hauti
Tarel-Hautière method.

Then seek darkest points in red and green, and fit the blue veiling light map
(# optical depth map) to this points with keeping its gradient structure.
structure. In this way we can
expectedly strip the haze completely.

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Instead of depth-based
depth based fitting, first let’s have the estimation of ‘Veiling light’ in the blue
depth-
channel by Tarel
Tarel-Hauti
Tarel-Hauti
Hautière method.

Then seek darkest points in red and green, and fit the blue veiling light map (#
optical depth map) to this points with keeping its gradient structure. In this way we can
expectedly strip the haze completely.

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Instead of depth-based
depth based fitting, first let’s have the estimation of ‘Veiling light’ in the blue
depth-
channel by Tarel
Tarel-Hauti
Tarel-Hauti
Hautière
ère method.
method

Then seek darkest points in red and green, and fit the blue veiling light map (# optical depth
map) to this points with keeping its gradient structure. In this way we can expectedly strip the
haze completely
completely. BLUE CHANNEL CORRECTED SHAPE!

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Single image dehazing

Original image

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Single image dehazing

Corrected image

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Single image dehazing

Original image

#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
Single image dehazing – possible artifacts (color, halo, etc.)
All dark channel method has some problem (artifacts
artifacts,, speed
speed)

Artifacts, based on widely used dark channel method,


and starting from noisy
noisy,, high ISO image
#0E*4)71'!.F.0G'HG5'%020)./F'A104*'N :G571JH)71'!.F.0G'CH2
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