Human Physiology & Mechanism – Disease

STEM CELL

Plagiarized Material:
Stem cells are special human cells that are able to develop into many different cell types. This can range from muscle cells to brain cells. In some cases, they can
also fix damaged tissues. Researchers believe that stem cell-based therapies may one day be used to treat serious illnesses such as paralysis and Alzheimer
disease.
Types of stem cells
Stem cells are divided into 2 main forms. They are embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.
Embryonic stem cells. The embryonic stem cells used in research today come from unused embryos. These result from an in vitro fertilization procedure. They are
donated to science. These embryonic stem cells are pluripotent. This means that they can turn into more than one type of cell.
Adult stem cells. There are 2 types of adult stem cells. One type comes from fully developed tissues such as the brain, skin, and bone marrow. There are only
small numbers of stem cells in these tissues. They are more likely to generate only certain types of cells. For example, a stem cell that comes from the liver will
only make more liver cells.
The second type is induced pluripotent stem cells. These are adult stem cells that have been changed in a lab to be more like embryonic stem cells. Scientists first
reported that human stem cells could be changed in this way in 2006. Induced pluripotent stem cells don't seem to be different from embryonic stem cells, but
scientists have not yet found one that can develop every kind of cell and tissue.

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material in your own words

My Stuff:
Stem cells are unique cells that can be converted into various types of cells vary from muscle cells to brain cells. Sometimes, in addition they can repair damaged
tissues. Therapies involving stem cell can be used to cures major disorders such as Paralysis, Alzheimer’s disease stated my researchers.
Classification of Stem Cell:
Stem Cells are primary classified into two forms.
Embryonic Stem Cell: These stem cells are taken from unused embryos from an in vitro fertilization process for research purposes. These are usually donated to
science and are pluripotent in nature which means they can transform into variety of cells.
Adult Stem Cell: They are classified into two categories. The first one is from fully grown tissues like the brain, skin, bone marrow. These tissues have small number
of stem cells which leads to produce only specific types of cells. For instance, stem cell from liver can only produce liver cells.
The other type is called induced pluripotent stem cells. These cells have been modified in lab to be more like embryonic stem cells. It was in 2006 when scientist
figured out that they can be converted into this way. These stem cells don’t appear diverge from embryonic stem cell; however, scientists haven't however found
one which will develop all kinds of cell and tissue.
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Protein Structure and Function

IVERMECTIN DOCKS TO THE SARS-COV-2 SPIKE RECEPTOR-BINDING DOMAIN ATTACHED TO ACE2

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Background/Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). One
drug that has attracted interest is the antiparasitic compound ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone derived from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. We carried
out a docking study to determine if ivermectin might be able to attach to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound with ACE2.
Materials and Methods: We used the program AutoDock Vina Extended to perform the docking study.
Results: Ivermectin docked in the region of leucine 91 of the spike and histidine 378 of the ACE2 receptor. The binding energy of ivermectin to the spike-ACE2
complex was -18 kcal/mol and binding constant was 5.8 e-08. Conclusion: The ivermectin docking we identified may interfere with the attachment of the spike to
the human cell membrane. Clinical trials now underway should determine whether ivermectin is an effective treatment for SARS-Cov2 infection.

REASON- If we are not providing the source of the published or unpublished work, it is Plagiarism

My Stuff:
Background/Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). One
drug that has attracted interest is the antiparasitic compound ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone derived from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. We carried
out a docking study to determine if ivermectin might be able to attach to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound with ACE2.
Materials and Methods: We used the program AutoDock Vina Extended to perform the docking study.
Results: Ivermectin docked in the region of leucine 91 of the spike and histidine 378 of the ACE2 receptor. The binding energy of ivermectin to the spike-ACE2
complex was -18 kcal/mol and binding constant was 5.8 e-08. Conclusion: The ivermectin docking we identified may interfere with the attachment of the spike to
the human cell membrane. Clinical trials now underway should determine whether ivermectin is an effective treatment for SARS-Cov2 infection.

References:
https://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/34/5/3023

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 Marketing

4Ps OF MARKETING:
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The 4Ps of marketing is a model for enhancing the components of your "marketing mix" – the way in which you take a new product or service to market. It helps
you to define your marketing options in terms of price, product, promotion, and place so that your offering meets a specific customer need or demand.
The marketing mix and the 4Ps of marketing are often used as synonyms for one another. In fact, they are not necessarily the same thing.
"Marketing mix" is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations have to make during the process of bringing a product or service
to market. The 4Ps is one way – probably the best-known way – of defining the marketing mix and was first expressed in 1960.

The 4Ps are:

Product (or Service).
Place.
Price.
Promotion.

REASON- It is important to do citation when you introduce details that you have found in a source.

In this case I have written the first paragraph in my own words and for the second paragraph I have cited the work.

My Stuff:
In this case I have written the first paragraph in my own words and for the second paragraph I have cited the work.
The 4Ps in marketing is the idea of improving the elements of marketing mix- is the procedure of introducing new goods to the market. It can support you in outlining
the marketing options in terms of pricing, product, promotion, and place which can help in attracting specific customers necessity.
The marketing mix and the four Ps of marketing are frequently used interchangeably.

"Marketing mix" is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations have to make during the process of bringing a product or service
to market. The 4Ps is one way – probably the best-known way – of defining the marketing mix and was first expressed in 1960 by E. J. McCarthy in his book, "Basic
Marketing – A Managerial Approach."
Product, Place, Price and Promotion are the 4Ps.