University Institute of Information Technology

PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi

Project Proposal
For

Olive diseases detection by Image processing Application

Submitted By:

Haseeb Ahmad
18-Arid-2874

Hussain Ahmad
18-Arid-2875

Mohsin Ali
18-Arid-2882

Supervised By:

Mam, Naureen Zafar

Submission Date (25-10-2021)

1
 Please select the appropriate category of your project (Select multiple if required)

A-Desktop Application/Information System  B-Problem Solving and AI ✓

C-Web Application/Web Application based Information System.  D-Simulation & Modeling 
E-Smartphone Application ✓ F-Smartphone Game 
G-Image Processing ✓ H-Networks 
I- Other: ____________________________________ 

Group Members

1. Student Name: Haseeb Ahmad

Registration No: 18-ARID-2874
Class:BSIT
Section:7A
Shift: Evening
Email: ahmadhaseeb927@gmail.com
WhatsApp No: 0315-6575790

2. Student Name: Hussain Ahmad

Registration No: 18-ARID-2875
Class:BSIT
Section:7A
Shift: Evening
Email: Hussainahmed0190@gmail.com
WhatsApp No:0348-4801726

3. Student Name: Mohsin Ali

Registration No: 18-ARID-2882
Class:BSIT
Section:7A
Shift: Evening
Email: Chakwalian13@gmail.com
WhatsApp No: 0334-5476502

2
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................4

2. LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................................................4

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT.....................................................................................................................4

4. PROBLEM SOLUTION........................................................................................................................4

5. ADVANTAGES/BENEFITS OF PROPOSED SYSTEM..............................................................................5

6. SCOPE...............................................................................................................................................5

7. SOFTWARE METHODOLOGY.............................................................................................................6

8. TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES.............................................................................................................6

9. CONCEPTS........................................................................................................................................6

10. INTENDED USERS.............................................................................................................................7

11. MOCKUPS.........................................................................................................................................7

12. CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................7

3
 1. Introduction
The olive, also known as Olea Europaea is the species belonging to genus Olea. The olive tree is
expected to live around 400-600 years. Historically, olive trees were found in the eastern Mediterranean
for the first time around 7000 years ago. Olive fruits are mainly used to produce olive oil, which has
been shown to have excellent properties

2. Literature Review
An Overview of the Research on Olive Disease detection using Image Processing Techniques by,
Karantzalos and Argialas proposed a blob detection based method to detect olive trees in satellite
imagery acquired from Quickbird and IKONOS . In 2000, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) developed a
tool called OLICOUNT to count olive trees in grey-scale input image.The tool utilized a combination of
techniques such as thresholding, region growing, and morphological operations. Advancements in the
tools were made, resulting in OLICOUNT v2 with 16-bit image support.
Gonzales et al. in 2007 developed a probabilistic model to count the olive trees over the imagery
acquired through QUICKBIRD satellite. The probability was calculated for a tree if it was a part of a
reticle along with exhibiting the geometrical features such as size, shape, and the angle formed among
the trees. The technique resulted in detection accuracy of 98%. In 2009, Arbor Crown Enumerator
(ACE), the algorithm proposed by Ionis et al., detected olive trees in multi-spectral imagery . The
algorithm utilized the red band thresholding along with the NDVI-based detection method, resulting in
an overall estimation error of 1.3%. In the same year, a classification model was proposed by Yakoub et
al
Related work done in the past years show the proposition of various techniques and methods to
detect olive trees. Techniques from simple image segmentation and blob detection to complex methods
of classification have been proposed. It has been observed that all previous techniques in the literature
showed high accuracy but with a few limitations. Application of simple and efficient threshold-based
segmentation techniques along with blob-detection-based methods gave decently accurate results but
were highly prone to false positives.

3. Problem Statement

Olive diseases have turned into a significant reduction in both quality and quantity of agricultural
products. Automatic detection of olive diseases is an essential research topic as it may prove benefits in
monitoring large fields of crops, and thus automatically detect the symptoms of diseases as soon as they
appear on plant leaves. In order to detect a plant disease at very initial stage, use of automatic disease
detection technique is advantageous. The symptoms of plant diseases are conspicuous in different parts
of a plant such as leaves, etc. Manual detection of disease using olive images is a tedious job. Hence, it
is required to develop computational methods which will make the process of disease detection and
classification using olive images automatic.The proposed system is a software solution for automatic
detection and classification of plant olive diseases.

4. Problem Solution
The image processing techniques used in performing early detection of olive diseases through
olive features inspection. The objective of this work is to implement image analysis and
classification techniques for extraction and classification of olive diseases. Olive image is captured
and then processed to determine the status of each plant. The scheme consists of three main steps,
first a image gaining RGB structure for the input image is created, then the pre-processinng are

4
masked and removed using specific dawn value followed by segmentation process, the image
segmentation the digital images are captured into a variety of segments forstraightforward analysis

5. Advantages
 Easy to implement and quite good in result.
 High speed, preferable in limited
 Appropriate to display
 Remedy Selection will be easy
 Good potential with ability to detect plant leaf disease

6. Scope
Agricultural department wants to automate the detecting the yield crops from eligibility process (real
time).To automate this process by show the prediction result in application.To optimize the work to
implement in Artificial Intelligence environment.

Using new Different technologies and methods we can make faster and efficient applications for
users. The system presented in this project was able to perform accurately, however, there are still a
number of issues that need to be addressed. First of all, we consider only few diseases of oli in this
project therefore the scope of disease detection is limited. In order to increase the scope of the
disease detection, large datasets of different diseases should be used.

7. Module:
 Image acquisition:
The diseased olive image is acquired using the camera; the image is acquired from a certain
uniform distance with sufficient lighting for learning and classification. The sample images of
the diseased leaves are collected and are used in training the system. To train and to test the
system, diseased olive images and fewer healthy images are taken. The images will be stored in
some standard format. The image background should provide a proper contrast to the olive color.
Olive disease dataset is prepared with both black and white background, based on the
comparative study black background image provides better results and hence it is used for the
disease identification olive.
 Image pre-processing:
Image pre-processing is the initial step of our algorithm in which the colored images undergo the
noise removal and any other irregularities obscuring the desired information. During the
formation of the images, they may encounter errors due to low luminance, motion blur, and
mechanical noise added due to optical devices. Input images are pre-processed, removing such
errors by smoothing the effect of noise followed by edge enhancement for better results in later
stages. Image acquired using the digital camera is pre-processed using the noise removal with
averaging filter, color transformation and histogram equalization. The color transformation step
converts the RGB image to HSI (Hue, Saturation and intensity) representation as this color space
is based on human perception. Hue refers to the dominant color attribute in the same way as
perceived by a human observer. Saturation refers to the amount of brightness or white light

5
 added to the hue. Intensity refers to the amplitude of light. After the RGB to HSI conversion,
Hue part of the image is considered for the analysis as this provides only the required
information. S and I component are ignored as it does not give any significant information.
 Image segmentation:
Image segmentation is the method by which we divide olive leaf into the parts for further
studies. The subdivision can be continued until we get the wanted result. When we
reassemble the segmented parts we should get the original image. In this methodology after
threshold the image, the gray-scale image is then converted to Black and white image. On the
images we perform the diferent operations which includes erosion dilation opening and
closing.
 Feature Extraction:
Its main purpose is to take the extracted feature, for the meaning of image. It includes color,
shape, edge, region and texture. Texture is the most important feature as per the researcher,
targeting olive leaf structure. Shape is the visual feature which is classified as Boundary
based or Region based representation. Color tells us about brightness and intensity, its degree
of purity. Region is considered as which part of an image is affected like here the ROI
(Region of interest) is the defected part of leaf which is not containing the green pixels and
contains brown, yellow, Black or red shaded pixels.

Data flow Chart:

6
 EXPLALNATION
User will take a picture of the Olive fruit or leaf and then process will excuete where it Analyze
the image of the olive leaf or fruit and image processing took place in which application detect
the right image and enhance it quality to detect the disease of the olive plant after detection of the
olive the report will generate about the disease and its affection.

.
Software requirments
 Android
 Open CV
 Python.
 Image processing toolbox.
 Powerpoint
 Microsoft word

Hard Requirments:
 Core i5
 80GB HHD
 Window 8 or 10
 2 GB RAM

7
 8. Timeline

Requirement October 2021

Analysis November 2021

Design February 2022

Development April 2022

Testing &
May 2022
Deployment

Final
June 2022
Evaluation
.

9. Conclusion
A large part of the Pakistan population relies on agriculture, hence it becomes very essential to detect
and know the olive diseases that results in losses, since agriculture is critical to the growth of the
economy. This project based on image processing approach is utilized to build different olive leaf
disease identification, detection and recognition system.
The main approach of this system is to recognize the diseases on olive plant in agriculture environment
where Speed and accuracy are the main characteristics of disease detection. Hence, the extension of this
work will focus on developing the advanced algorithms for fast and accurate diseases detection of
leaves.

10. References
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7092035
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263847996_An_Empirical_Investigation_of_Olive
_Leave_Spot_Disease_Using_Auto-Cropping_Segmentation_and_Fuzzy_C-
Means_Classification_World_Applied_Sciences_Journal_239_2013
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/5/760/html
https://www.igi-global.com/article/deep-learning-in-plant-diseases-detection-for-agricultural-
crops/248499
http://www.kscst.iisc.ernet.in/sppArchive/public/Abstract/038/7816.pdf

8
Evaluation Page

Evaluator 1 Comments:____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

_____________
Signatures

Evaluator 2 Comments:____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

9
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

_____________
Signatures

Project Coordinator Comments_____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

_____________
Signatures

10