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MARY
ENA S CON eT
IOETare
Hawkesworth
The Oxford Handbook of
FEMINIST THEORY
AYOSHL LSINTNGA
(om eleXe[ lid ROCA ELA D
— The Oxford Handbook of
OTT teah
ieee) aeCHAPTER 33
POSTHUMAN FEMINIST
THEORY
ROSI BRAIDOTTI
INTRODUCTION
nmonly accepted hat Earopean feminism, nis liberal as wells socialist varia-
isconnected to humanist vies and ideals Since the Enlightenment, the activist
an egalitarian sprations of womensmoverentshave shapedliple reforms
which also tected ae moral, academic owed and slentic produc:
in order to reflect more adequately the experence and concer of women. The
Seal passons nd innovative epistemlogies of feminist movements, however, were
indexed solely onthe intrest of women, bt rater contained explic blueprints
improvement ofthe human condition aa whole Ins doing, womersmove-
renewed the shared understanding ofthe basi nit ofrefrenefor our common
iy. This made the humanist tan almost visceral level posting womens ib
human iertion
intrinsic connection to humanism, however, was never withost rita distance
1986). Especially since the second fini wave ofthe 9705, mins interdi-
nowledge production took to task the niversalsm, the binary structure of
Ad the teleological vision of progress that are bul into the humanist project
an emancipation. Over the last thirty years in particular, under the infivence of
ralsm and deconstroction, an anti-human wave has redefined the rela
ipbeten feminism and humanism,
rgument [want to defend here is that both the haranist eicy andthe anti
reaction ae very important geneslogcl sources for postaman feminism,
"no means the only anes. The portman tun Is rggered bythe convergence
sant chomanim on the one hand, and ant-anthropocentrsm, on the ater
these strands enjoy strong support in feminism, but they refer to dfeent gene.
ad trations. Ant-humaniem focuses on the critique of the humanist del of“Manas the universal representative of the human, while antl-anthrepocentr
-claes species hierarchy and advances ecological justice. The term pasthuma
theory marks the emergence ofa new type of discourse thats not etl a elm
‘anti: humanism supported by posttructralis theories since the 96s and na
‘an array of diferent posthumanist perspectives circulating inthe cutent en
-words, the genealogical timelines ofthe posthuman are neither linear nor seq
In thie chapter, wil ra illustrate feminist attempts to emancipate fe
-lasscal humanismsthen Iwill explore the multiple root of posthuman fem
in conclusion, wiloutine the key features ofposthuman feminist theory today.
FeminisM Is Not (ONLY) A HUMANISM
_Even before the emergence ofthe posthuman, the second ‘eminist wave entered as
of radical negotiations with the legacy of humanism, which had provided its
cal grounding, This means thatthe contemporary outburst of scholarship on
Jbuman is by no means the first or the most original crtique of humanism
accomplished by feminist theory and to give it credit for developing conceptsand:
‘ods that have encouraged critical distance from hurar
For instance, in her watershed 1983 text, Alison Jaggar produced one ofthe
taxonomies of feminist philosophy: Feminist Politi and Human Nature, She i