6 4 Passive: present and past simple A\ lot of rubbish is produced. Itwas cleaned yesterday (it is cleaned Tee ano k cen sias En meee) ead Some cans were left by people having Py rae Se usu ase ct See et eo COM Rue ane Sear Cue Tey cay eo R CRE CRMC n sri produced in Furope. Are you shocked aE Look at this beach. Underline the correct option: The best place tor rubbish is_in the bin / on the beach | in the sea, ETT 1 We usually use the passive when we want tofocus onthe 4 Inthe past, use was or were. In the future, use will process or result rather than who or what does or did it. be. The beach is cleaned every day. In the 1970s, less rubbish was produced. Jam not surprised. Tomorrow the beach will be cleaned again. 2. Make the passive with be and the past participle 5 (cleaned, seen, driven, etc. Bottles are sometimes used again, Alot of money is made by the recycling business. Itis made of glass. Were the dinosaurs killed by.a meteorite? If you want to say who or what causes the action, add by +noun. 3. The negative and questions are formed like this: Most rubbish isn’t Reeyeled. The food wasn’t eaten. ‘Are you shocked by this? Were the hutels built in the 1980s? be bornis only used in the passive. Iwas born in 1998.Practice ‘A Match the sentence beginnings to the correct endings. If you don't know the answers, look on the Internet. B Complete the sentences with passive forms (present and past simple) of the verbs in brackets. 1 The Olympics are watched _ by billions of people today. (watch) 2. Nowadays the work by computer. (do) 3 Now, prizes every week. (give) 4 The course two years ago. (start) 5 In Europe, most food in supermarkets. (buy) 6 Latin stil in schools? (learn) 7 Gold in California in the 19th century. (discover) 8 Cars all over the world nowadays. (produce) 9 you any information about it? (send) 30 Radio by Marconi. (invent) C Complete each sentence b so that it means the same as sentence a, Use no more than three words. 1 Tea was invented ———___ a_by Henry Cavendish. 2 The eurois used \__ > on Mars 3. Hydrogen (Ha) was discovered \\_¢ Inthe nineteenth century. 4 The women's football world cup is held | d_ by over 300 million people. 5 TheFiat carcompanywasstarted | e ina theatre. 6 Dracula was written f every four years. 7 Most coffee beans are grown g in New York. 8 President Lincoln was killed h in China. 9 The original hamburgers were cooked —i_by Giovanni Agnelli. 10 In 2002 water was found jin Africa. dustman. Complete the text with passive forms of the verbs in the box. ‘ask break empty give leave put sell shock take wake T*was asked to tell you about my job, 20 11 begin. 1 up by my wife at 5 o'clock and 1 am at work at 5.45. We go round and take rubbish from people's bins. In my area, 6,000 rubbish bins a day “Often I by what people dont need! Yesterday anew TV next to a bin! That \ very quickly, I can tell you! It? for 700 euros the same day. The job can be dangerous. Once a big bin ® ‘on the van. It fell off and my friend's leg ® + She lant work for a month but she some money to help her. ao What is done in these places? In your notebook, write a John took Cindy to the cinema. b Cindy vwas taken, to the cinema. at least two sentences for each place using the passive a The cat ate the cheese. and the words in brackets. b The cheese tire vat, Your neighbourhood. (people, rubbish, streets) a The shop was opened by the Queen. Rubbish fs collected. Serevts are cleaned. b the shop. 2 Asupermarket. (customers, food, money) a Somebody called the police. 3 Aschool. (children, friends, lessons), b The police 4 Acinema. (films, popcorn, tickets) a Was it written by him? 5. An office. (computers, emails, work) b ie 6 Ahotel. (beds, food, rooms) a This computer does not accept my password. 7 Atrain station. (coffee, tickets, trains) b My password 8 The Internet. (information, websites, emails) Circle the correct option. 1 The rubbish tothebin. a istake b istook ¢ istaken 2 The workers are paid hotels to pick up the rubbish. a by through ¢ from 3 Alot of this rubbish fishorbirds, a eat b iseatenby c isateby 4 These birds when they ate these plastic bags. a waskill b werekilled —c was killed 5 How often 2 aisthebeachcleaned b iscleaned the beach __ the beachis cleaned assive: present and past simple 155