| VOLUME-3 * AUGUST * 1942 NUMBER-§5 : SSM z SS Y ili SN MUS j ‘gg wna NAAN = AYN Soccer A 2 WRN AN WMWe don't Like to brag, but ve SUL Like to ree call tne day tone) eerie inet tied op ad 988 Pelearaere! tale doten ‘coples Of pour magerine Sit the tetiver prestige” editor TACs thelediterist Qunrch) ore we cniaed all ous of coin over the wey drivers were being treated Welly there were three See erate fa then on uly 28th. alone ume War Bepartnent Circular B4."Seeting up» wOTOR Wenge DRIVER AND MECHANIC ANAM (Ton of calom The mart (mith appro- priatecbers)y ielsetdl will teeter eerie a tiie teate prance shod by 25.10 far sheeled vehicles, snd PW 17-5 toy tracks laying Peni ata eae tssistent delvets fot three onthe wittput ro! Ge violas Clone, aeetdents and witha Peleg et oral lent Tee vil1 Qe given to mech anict sho have Sbepleted thet: fudspe with retina ot skilled caperisnce to be reted ot Mltied ~ end gho've worked or Smonthe ots tecond SShelon mechonie or hibe fn! it rouehe proud tex Ror it's not the red hat withthe striped ostrich Teathers: shich we denanded cur drivers ~ end we've 3 Sone muttered remarks oot from any Sriver) about « (alse in pay = but me think Te alee te thine aes. e8 nice ae any DSC (ohich A130 pay). Furthermore, we think PER ony the beaioning. ve think that then th or cate a little older a The ‘reports of our truck gperators ip action, und fire ature drifting back, soe vue is gonna be added, "We don't Know what » maybe that rating will come throush after all (which our guys Gon't need aa.an incentive’ smeybe it'll be a distinctive Uniform. Maybe Ge't1 only be a ‘God Bless You, Dogface,” ‘rom the boys in the foxholes ee the trucks ‘roll up. but ie" kolng to be something. Because the nay this ear fs throwing itself all over the world and the way the Lines of supply are stretching out, big chunk of the burden Of sinning ss settling on the Shoulders of the men behind the shel. Aad this Little old sedallion is the fest recou- Rites af the fact They say it"s to be made of oxidized silver sith bars Of the save metal, aatked to Show the type of quali fseat ion. Driver-W for wheeled vehicles. DeiversT for track-laying ve Driver-4 for motorcycles Mechanic for automotive of Miied teade mechante. But before thin war as won, it'll be made of the purset diamond, sprickled tien stardust and wild cast 9 Tadiance on the blackest night for a distance of fifty feet For the deeds of the men ino near it, i the stuff that ML give it meaning, valve thd Life Oh, ve suppose there ere those wha say there's nothing much heroic about shuttling = Tock beck and forth between the railheads and the edges of battle — oF squatting in « fitch to get ats bearing knock shut we think it takes some something more than guts to EU yoursel! to the workeday sk ef squirting in @ id tightening = body th the horrifying and un ural. sounds of the holecmust Tearing around yous With the screans and bloody visions that should make a man seek refuge in the arm of his God, shat manner of men are these who kneel on the ground land search beneath their ve- hicle for loose or hanging parte, for leaks of fuel and freace? Thy thoae are the men of the moter transport service. You can tell by the Little lion which is worn on the Left breast, below the Line of m nd service ribbona, yeribed in AR 600-40, as pr eel CONTENTS No NORE xEYS) ie NEY 1/4-TON TRATLER 130 ‘ToRoUE RODS 132 canon xnock. 133 CONNIE RoDD'S BULLETIN BOARD 134 ors 138 TRANSFER CASE O11 SEALS i€ ACCIDENTS 40 MORE TECHNICAL MANUALS. a HANDLING THE COMBAT WHEEL 143 vavas. 146 Ne Time Data 149 rims 180 ‘conreiur oN 182 Sor. MALF-uast 158 ‘As0vr O1L 158 Inside News FLasuEs: eck Cover ARMY MOTORS is published monthly for the Motor Trans- port Service by the Technical Service Division, Holabird Quartermaster Motor Base, Baltimore, Maryland. Your contributions of ideas, arti- cles and illustrations are welconed, Address all corre: pondence to the Editor, at th. above addres -owors. 1) NO MORE KEYS! In response to many requests from the Auto- Thieves Mutual Benefit Society, there will be no more keys on military vehicles. © more ignition keys on Motor Transport 's vehicles. You heard us —and if you must have it in official language: *An’ amendment to vehicle specification under date of June 26, 1942, file . SPQME 451.01 (Locks and Keys), ( has eliminated the key from the ignition switch. ; That means that new ve- hicles coming off production lines won't have keys. They’ 11 have a ‘lever-operated ignition switch’ — just a little, old handle that flicks on or off. As for the trucks already in the field, we're going to do the same for then —only in a different way. No, we're not going to hand out replacenent switches; we're just going todo a little rapid brainwork, Je're going to jam the keys in our present trucks — right into the ignition switches so they'll stay in there. In other words, we're going to doa little trick to cur keys so that when we stick (ED) them into the lock, they tll stay in for the duration. First of all, you'll have to know how a key works. When @ key is pushed into an ignition switch, the tun= blers of the switch ride up and down the smooth hills on the key until the key is in place. When the key is finally all the way in the lock, the tumblers are sitting on the tops of the hills and on the bottoms of the valleys. Just turn the key and the ignition Now in order to jam our 700 key into the lock, we caly have to doasinple thing. ALL we have to do is ruin the smooth path that the tumblers take. Specifically, with a small file we will cut a slight notch in the key at the bottom of the first hill that enters the lock (see diagram). This little trick will prevent the tunbler that sits in the valley just behind the last hill, from sliding up hen you try to renove the key from the lock. In short, your key gets stuck in the lock, From now on you will use it just like the lever thet'11 be coming out on new vehicles, If you've got an older truck that uses a key previous to the H700, you'll carry out exactly the same idea by notching one of the last hills fon the key right at the slope nearest the key handle, But in both cases, be careful not to File so that you change the elevation of any of the tumblers seated on the top or bottom of the hills. File just where it's indicated on our diagram. Otherwise, your key'll be stuck in the Jock and you won't be able to turn it. You'll have to take the lock apart. Save yourself the trouble by being careful. Why are we going in for “keyless” ignition switches? Well, just imagine a com- bat situation, A couple of guys named Mike want to go somewhere ina hurry, They jump in a truck or car — and all of @ sudden somebody dis- covers the key is lost, ‘They don't go. That's one reason why we're going in for keyless ignition switches. By the way, if some dreany day, we ever get orders to take our keys out of the switches again, we'll have to disassemble the lock, and take the key out by working the tumblers by hand. ssome dreamy day Jam your key in the ignition lock by Filing along the Hine indicated in the remarkable action drawing above 129What is if that travels by land, water, and air-- yet is light and maneuverable enough to be ‘manhandled’ by one or two men? NSWER: A new 1/4-ton A ete designed by the Holabird Engineers in cooperation with the Willys and Bantam conpanies. Called the smallest, all- purpose trailer in the Motor Transport Service, the new jeep-tize tow-wagon will bounce along pver-Land behind the 1/4 ton and 3/4 ton trucks. It's got an all-steel, sealed body that lets it float easily through the water behind the smaller of the amphibian trucks now being tested by the engineers. Light and compact, it will probably see much travel by air especially when large- scale aerial troop and equip- ment movement cones of age, ‘And last but not least, it is designed with heavy ‘nose- weight’, for easy pulling by one or two men — hand-cart fashion. In this manner, it 4s expected to be used on the battlefield as a ‘stretcher- bearer,’ Two stretchers fit comfortably across its gunmales. Filling a long-felt need for a trailer to be towed behind the 1/4 ton jeep, the ‘new wagon was planned with as much interchangeability with the jeep as possible, It's combat wheels and tires are interchangeable with the jeep, fas are the brakes (shoes and Lining), springs, shock absor~ bers, spring hangers, and spring shackles. The little jeep-trailer preserves the battle-ability of its 1/4-ton manna. Over rough, level ground, tests show that it offers only a slight pulling resistance to the tov- ing vehicle, Furthermore, having the same Iow silhouette as the 1/4-ton jeep, it won't betray its manna to the enemy. Its angles of approach and departure match the jeep’s ~ allowing it to duck in and out of the sane shell-hole In the water, the little tow-wagon floats with a free- board of slightly more than six inches fully loaded. This is no easy trick considering that the weight of the trailer alone is five hundred sixty (560) Ibs., with a payload (rated) of five hundred (500) Ibs. The new 1/4-ton trailer behind the jeep + Fig, 3-The 1/4-ton trail hook-up. Notice the safety chain, the 3- position-skid, the bral | the elec tricel connect ion. However, buoyancy has been accomplished in a nunber of ways. In the first place, the engineers figured that the tires being full of air, nould theoretically take care of floating the wheels, axle and springs, Then again the body is sealed and displaces @ surficient volune of water to guarantee ‘flotation Finally, the whole arrange- ment is neatly balanced to keep it riding along on an even keel. A tarpaulin that comes with the new trailer wa originally intended merely to keep out water that splashed in on the load. But a funny thing that happened during the tests convinced the engineers that the tarp was meant for better things. Lieut. E. Molnar of the Engineer's Test Section, rid- ing around the Chesapeake Bay in» small amphibian with the trailer on behind, suddenly got the feeling that he'd better Look around. He looked and gulped ~ the little trailer was riding? way down with its nose just berely out of the water. The load, which had been loosely distributed, had shifted, unbalancing the trailer, pulling it down in the water. There was nothing the lieutenant could do out there in the bay — so he crossed his fingers and headed for the shore, He was pleasantly sur- prised when he got there and hastily examinéd the trailer. Less than a pint of water hed washed in, The tarpaulin, although only loosely fas-ened with ropes, had retained a large quantity of air, and, like a bottle full of ait under water, kept the water out. As an additional seal to keep the trailer high and dry the tarpaulin is expected to work fine. To take care of any water that manages to sneak by, there's an ingenious self- draining plug — the kind used in Iifeboats — fitted in one comer of the body floor. Tt Jets the water out without Jetting any in. The height of the lunette vyas an inportent consideration; it had to be on an exact level with the pintle hook of the toving vehicle to allow tox-er and tov-ee to ride along on a evel plane without the one or the other being held under- water. And that's the way it Incidentally, the lunette is a suivel-type to allow either toned or toving vehicle to spill over on its side in an accident, without pulling the other over with it. in additional safety fac- tor, is a ‘safety chain’, (Fig. 3). This is merely a chain bolted into the ‘A’ frane supporting the trailer lunette. It stretches across to a couple of eye-bolts in the pintle bracket on the towing vehicle, and provides an additional bond in case of failure in the pintle-lunette assenbly. In place of the hydraulic or electric brakes, you're accustomed to seeing on trail- And everywhere the anphibian went, the 1/4-ton trailer was sure to go. aiSS SSSSSaSLaaaLaaaeagQQvVeS Nt 132 ef%) this baby has only « mechanical handbrake, This is no cause for alarm— plenty of brakage is furnished by the towing vehicle on a trailer small as this one. To provide juice for the trailer's tail-light, a socket will be provided on the 1/4- ton jeep. At Last reports, this socket was installed down in one of the jeep's bumper- New to army trailers, is the skid arrangement furn- ished on the little tow-wagon (Fig. 3). Tt is adjustable to three positions by @ latch and socket arrangement (under the lunette swivel). In the first position it stands flat- footed on the ground, support- ing the trailer when it? parked off by itself, In the Second position, it is a few inches up and back off the ground and provides. addition flotation for the trailer in swampy or soft terrain. In the third position, it is merely up out of the way. The question of who is going to get the new trailer is stil an open one with us ~ although a couple of T0's dated April 1, 1942, give ‘em to infantry outfits, It seens Such a nandy-dandy little thing, though, that everybody with a jeep ought to have one. But we're just guessing now — you'll just have to wait a Little to find out. In the meantime, we can y definitely that'a whole raft of Uncle Sanmie's new amphibian-trailers are on their ‘ay off the production lines, God bless ‘em, Se TORQUE RODS Want to gain a lot of respect for the torque rods? (Say yes). ATCH a truck pull itself over yrough terrain, You'll see the forward ‘and rearward rear-wheels swap altitudes like piston rods as the one wheel clinbs over a mound and drops into @ gully and is followed by the other. You'll see dne at the top of the mound, while the other is at the bottom, Yet all the while, the driving power and the support, or flotation, is evenly distributed between the two units, Uneanny ain't it? Sure, but the point we're getting at, is that this heavy- duty job of co-ordination finally results in wear and tear on the torque rods — and when you replace them, on the 2h-ton, 6x6 GNC, you've got to be sure you get the right rod on the right truck. If you don’t, misalinement is Fight around your corner — and all kinds of tire wear will result. ‘Another thing to renenber: sone 6x6" have the split-type differential housing, others have the banjo-type. They use different torque rods. To check for one or the other type of housing without the extreme aggravation of bending over and looking ~ Elance at the serial nunber that’s starped on the right- 1 above the Fig. 1 - The Torque Rods coordinate the action between the axles. front spring. If the truck is equipped with the split-type housing, the serial number will have a suffix ending in <1." Something like ‘+A,’ or ‘BL,’ of ‘-D1.’ Sone early models won't have any suffix at all. Tf the truck has the banjo- type axles, the suffix ending will be ‘2? - like ‘-A2," and “.B2" (not the vitamin). When replacing torque-rods fon the ‘<1? split-type axle, use the torque rod, part no. 2066894, (it's 19-3/4 inches between stud centers). If the job has the ‘-2' banjo-type housing, use terque-rod, part no. 2146579, (18-4 inches between stud centers), Always check the measurements (Fig. 2) = there's no other way of identifying the rods and, you might get the wrong one from your supply source. (Stranger things have happened). === \W Tongue neo a asevasocees Fig. 2+ Use these meas- urements to see that you've dot the right rods for your truck, don't let CARBON KNOCK fool yo Would you be so foolish as to drop a pan to stop a carbon knock? (Come, come, answer the man’s question, Rafael). of times. Carbon knocks can sound Like Loose con. ect ing-rod bear ings. And when the mechanic who decides that it's the bearings knocking a his door, snatches off the pan and can't find any missing babbitt, there's a new can- didate for the Royal Order of the Burned Buttresses. Carbon can cause more than fone Kind of knock — and that's what fools you. Everybody has heard the ‘carbon-knock, *spark-knock’, ‘pre- ignition: knock’, ‘detonation-knock? as different people are fond of calling it, But in every case, this is merely the rattling or clicking that occurs when the engine is under load, It's caused by fast timing, low-octane fuel or a reduced area in the fir- ing chamber — the result of carbon deposits - which raises the compression. The carbon knock we're talking about, is different. It's caused by layers of carbon formed on the piston head, banging up against the top of the firing chamber, Never thought of that before, did you? Carbon is a second cousin to the diamond; and when it's thoroughly heat-treated and jardened, it's @ first-class hammer. "Tt builds up layer by layer on the piston and the cylinder head from the oil by: L happens that way Lote passed into the firing chamber Fron around the valve guides and piston rings. The heat OF the exploding fuel tempers it until it becomes @ solid to be reckoned with. When there's enough of it built up to beat against the top of the firing chanber, the driver, frightened by the ominous knocking from under the hood, cuts his switch and makes a mad dash to check the oil Level When he finds it okay, he heaves a sigh of relief, says, ‘Mell, they can’t pin that one on me,* and has his vehicle towed to the shop. Back at the shop, the mechanic starts the engine, throttles it up and down a couple of times —calis it a burned out of loose bearing and starts on the wrong side (the undersicle) of the engine to correct the trouble, Time and talent wasted. The secret in diagnosing the knock, is in the listen: ing. Like our Uncle Lovelips used to say, "Many a knock sounds powerful-like many another knock...but there's always a difference,+ And the way to catch the difference between a bearing ‘and a carbon knock is this Take the throttle-arm between your fingers and quickly race the engine up to half-speed, Let it drop off = but before it reaches idle speed, race it up again three of four tines. Tf your knack is pretty auaible while you're jiggling the throttle upwards, the chances are you have a loose set of bearings. But if the knock is rather Light or inaudible during this test — give it the old, carbon- knock test: Throttle the engine up to half or more speed slowly — then release it suddenly. If the knock appears strongest during the tine the engine is losing speed, it’s a safe bet you've got carbon deposits Bearings knock on the ‘up-beat’ and carbon knocks on the down-beat’ A carbon-cleaning job is the prescription. (Cont inued on page 160)134 If you drive one of the earlier GNC's! and want to save yourself a hat-full of trouble from a11 things that can happen when an engine is out of ol, you'd better look into this situatios The oi1 line that léads from the engine to the dash pressure-gage has a short, flexible-oil-line located on the exhaust side, at the back of the engine, This flexible Line has a way of getting underfoot where the manifold and brake pedal are concerned, Usually, it comes out second- best in the encounter, The manifold burns it in two; the brake pedal cuts it in helf. In either case, all the engine oll is lost, What to do? Lift the hood, and then with somebody in thé cab operating the brake pedal, see if the flexible Line on your truck is in danger of It swith 0 een f || suee you to core, Cann} ‘ana Connie wae born and tender age of three, sh by throwing a carton lying acoune easay's But no kidding, sh you service shots, arate to write hi all ay but & te off o being rubbed by the pedal or burned by the manifold. If it is, it can easily be moved to a safe position with the fingers. If it's really sloppy and won't stay put, the metal~ lic line can be anchored to the firewall where it comes through, by drilling a hole and clipping or wiring it in position. One of our secret agents stopped playing the pinball machine just tong enough re= cently to report that the very helpful OQNG Circular Letter 9324 (Dec. 12, 1942) is just 280 much facial tissue as far as a number of boys in the field are concerned. ONG Circular Letter 4324 offers replacement steering- gear’ assenblies for some that 1 been discovered to be BULLETIN BOARD sew one. But a cute chick'with brains end a nice hanical backgrouna (how's that again?) Ve seens ner old nan vas & mechenlec from ‘vay sack the business from the grouns up: 0 now we've got her cunning the BULLETIN BOARD fron whlch she!li spoon to shop kinks ang hints, Don't be ee a ee ae ae Hing of elation that we intron ® Rods, © cute chick if we ever ralaed In the business, At the '¢ amazed the entire neighborhood nd valve Job Into an ol¢ Moon 6 e's 2 dard and knows and Likes tars — ahe! got nothing to ¢0 defective on certain 2% ton Guc’ s, Our man reported seeing @ few outfits repairing these steering-gear assemblies when the proper procedure would have been to ship the de~ fective assemblies to th. depot concerned. The assem- blies must be tagged and the should bear the following information: (a) U.S. Registration Number, Mileage (speedometer One shop we know of, has learned how to save the four \to seven hours it takes to ear down and overhaul many Maton Dodge transfer cases- simply by tightening a nut. Seems this shop was getting job orders with ‘transfer-care noisy’ or ‘overhaul transfer- case ~ grease-leak’ written on them, Well, after disassen- bling © couple of transfer cases and finding them in good shape, they looked around —and in the rear of the transmission, they located the trouble. The propelle:- shaft yoke-nut was found to be loose - loose enough, as a matter of fact, to be renoved without a wrench, Not only is this nut re- sponsible for the noise, but also allows oil tobe throvh back over the transfer case, giving the impression of a transfer-case leak. You fellous with what you think is transfer-case troubl 5 can save yourself a lot of trouble by checking that nut before shooting it into the shop for an overhaul, Se SERVICE RECORDS For the benefit of the happy-go-lucky brothers in the field who never get to see anything, ve hereby publish the full text of the War ‘Dep't Circular, ($223, July 10, 1942) which discontinues the use of Notor Vehicle Service Records. "Pending revision of ARS5O-15, September 29, 1939, the use of Motor Vehicle Service Record Book (W.D. QC Form No, 248) is discontinued. In Liew thereof, such records as are necessary for scheduled maintenance operations will be kept in the form of duty rosters, amt ——__—_ threads are cl be reduced about 10%. like this nice, handy torque|old manual. And since GNC reports|6x6 GNC’ a, only in their late-m y¢ thought maybe you'd p GMC TORQUE CHART FOR 24-TON, 6x6 Foot pounds of torque with threads clean and dr; ed and oiled, applied torques should If DESCRIPTION TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS ‘hele Flange Nuts 35-40 Ft. Lb, Differential Carrier (Banjo Type) @-70 Differential Carrier (Split Type) 25-30 Generator 22.26 Starter 40-50 Connecting'Rod Bearing Bolts 40-50 Cylinder Head 60-70 Engine llounting (Front) 35-42 Engine Mounting (Rear) 70-80 Flywheel to Cranksheft 35-40 Main-Bearing Caps 70-80 Exhaust Manifold 15-20 Intake Manifold 15-20 Bogie Mountings 140-185 Spring Mounting (Front) CUrBotes) 4 370-185 Spring Mounting (Rear) CU" Bolts) 7/8 200-220 Steering Mounting to Frane 4160-170 Transfer-Case Caps 20-25 Universal Joints 20-25 We couldn't find anything) like to have it for your dirty, chart in our dirty, old 4-| As far a2 we can see, the ton, 6x6, GHC maintenance man-| specs hold good for all 2-ton, it’ in good health. 135136 CARBURETOR Bo sour eneines have a punk, dle — after you take lrsalt oniateratiese ares shipment? Do’ they Told, choke, PEN rin oneM Gealsta thould purr Like « kitten? Then heatken to this ~ te Gomer ftom one who hes bed that experience — and: found Bisccttetert tue care buretor and give its ones hour soaking dna good solvent Like Bendix cleaner (Fed. Stock Now si-soaaes), take 1 out, and geinutell its The Fe ttieeeenia esa an the presence ef our old frlenta Gti “AND VARNISH. “The aed fete ot (uscnira sate Carburetor evaporates, leaving ‘residue,’ The rasta elegs Cee et eines. Dradning the carnaretar before ehlpeent or storses sould be the best bet for an Ounce of prevention, but if that anne fone, you'lt need No, @ tharmonic balancer’ is not'a musical instrument. A harmonic balancer is alittle thing that TS8 U-14 promised would be on all 11s-ton Chevvies after engine nunber BV-294987, Speaking simply (you know us) it's a danpener — a crank- ‘t dampener. It's an over- lower fan-pulley, driven on the crankshaft over a key, Recall how every time an explosion takes place in a cylinder the crankshaft is given another shot of power? Well, with six cylinders pop- ping off one after the other, the crankshaft revolves in fits and starts — Like a hound tearing down the road with pack of firecrackers tied to his tail. Everytime one ex- plodes, there's a new burst of power. To help iron out this jerky action, to help make the turning of the crankshaft o smooth flow, we have the har- tonic balancer. It absorbs the jolts of the explosions, The secret of the balancer is a flyweight which moves back and forth on rubber- mounted studs in the opposite direction to the crankshaft = thereby, dampening out and absorbing the crankshaft vibrations. Fig. 1 —The wrong puller being used on the Harmonic Balancer. Don't do it this way! Inset shows fan pulley before Balancer was in- stalled. Anyway, as we seid, it's being put on 1-ton Chevvies after engine number BY-294987, If you've got @ 1k-ton Chevvy before this number, have one installed — but only if the engine is in the pro- cess of being torn down so that the balancer can be installed without ‘additional incidental’ assenbly. The balancer, Part No. 839886, is available on reg- ular requisition from your favorite supply depot. A word to the mechanic: removal and replacement is to be made with the regular puller-and-driver used for the fan pulley. Don’t use any other puller on the balancer! Figure 1 is @ candid-camera shot of the wrong kind of puller which we caught one chucklehead using. The reg- ular puller fits into the two holes in the balancer and eases it off without pulling it all apart, Follow the directions carefully and you won't get messed up, And remenber, the balancer comes complete as a unit — you can't get parts for it. So many good and worth- shite ideas cone from the boys in the field, that it erieves us deeply to pick up our lead. studded club and swat one down to the floor, This one is a little idea to do with throwing out the asbestos filter-disk in cookie’s field range in favor of a steel-wool filter disk. As the boys in the field put it, the asbestos disks clogged up after about two hours) operation, making cookie's life miserable, To remedy this sad situation, the steel-wool filter disk was dreamed up, and installed in the field range in place of the asbestos disk. From then on, everything looked to be dandy, But, in reality, cookie had been jumped from the fry- ing pan into the fire. Let us not drool any Jonger, let us ley the situ- ation bare by quoting from War Dep't. Circular 9234, dated July 16, 1942, (2) It has come to the attention of the War Department that various organizations have been experiment ing with the use of steel-wool filter- disks to replace the present asbestos filter-dishs used in “(Continued on page 160) ( Do our eyes deceive us— or do we still see vehicles running around wearing those valuable mud and snow tires? ‘According to Nar Dep't Circular Letter 226 (July 11, 1942), vehicles operating within the continental Limits of the U. S. (except Alaska), Puerto Rico and Panama, must be equipped with the standard highway-type tires. Well, maybe it's because the supply of highway tires hasn't been received by those certain organizations yet. We'll wait and see, ‘At least eight people have come up tous with worried faces in the last month, to tell us that the exhaust pipe fon the K-tons and a couple of other trucks, is aimed so that it throws the hot exhaust gases right on the tire, Their fear is that the hot gases will ruin the rubber. Ungrounded is the word for their fears. That exhaust pipe was aimed at the tire purposely — it's a ‘military characteristic’, The idea is that the poisonous exhaust gases will be dissipated by the rush of air around the tire — and won't be shot back into the lungs of any troops following along behind the truck. Besides that, the rubber won't be ruined by the luke- warm gases. Forget ity What do you think of guys who drill holes in gas tank filler-necks? They go out to @ truck on a pretty hot day and start taking off the gas-tank cap. Just as they've about got it off, it shoots up in their faces. Yelling and hollering, they finally blane it on the pressure that's built up in the tank by the heat. Then they get a drill and bore a nice hole in the filler neck to let the pressure out. Though they may think they've been right sharp in solving a problem, the truth of the matter is, they’ve put the skids under a Little idea the engineers had for cutting down on vapor-lock, preventing gasoline losses, and avoiding troublesome vacuum in the gas tank, The little idea is the twin-valve, pressure-type cap for gas tanks which has been on all tactical vehicles the last year or so. We featured this little cap back in Nov- enber but just to refresh your menory, here's how it works It has two valves, One's a check valve that allows approximately three pounds of pressure to get built up in the gas tank (this is the stuff that shoots the cap off at screwballs unscrewing it in hot weather), This pres- sure helps to prevent vapor Lock and stops evaporation of gasoline. When the pressure goes over three pounds, the valve releases it, ‘The second valve in the cep takes care of the vacuum that's formed in the tank at certain tenperatures. Vacuum prevents the flow of gas through the lines. The in- stant a vacuum is set up, this second valve kicks open and allows atmospheric pres- sure to be drawn in. Now you can easily see how drilling a hole in the filler-neck upsets the whole idea, You might just as well not have that special cap on there, Don't drill holes in the filler-neck. Just take the cap off easy to let the pres- sure out —but don’t drill the neck, boys, don't drill the neck, Some of the boys in the field Like to decorate their maintenance manuals, parts Lists, operator’s permits, ete,, with their organizational insignia and various other identifying dat Now if they will Look back into their textbooks on inter- national law, they will see that all they are required to give the enemy, if they are captured, is their name, rank and serial number. But with all this fancy work on manuals, permits and whatnot, the eneny is in a swell position to find out any and everything - what division, regiment, etc., right on down to what the old man likes for breakfast. So be a good boy and erase those marks off your manuals. We hear that @ lot of GNC engines are being reassembled after overhaul, with the ‘spit- hole’ on the con rods clogged up, The spit-hole is that oil hole on the upper of ‘rod half" of the con rod. is supposed to spray out of this hole onto the thrust side of the piston when the engine’s running. But if the hole is clogged up, it naturally doesn't spray out — and the thrust side where the hardest wear occurs, is well fon the road to ruin, You might look into this, if it concerns you. (Continued on page 160) 137138 Se ay ere gta as ( fond the other to hot wire. If First, take the backshell only if the air gap between the lanp lights, the field off the horn. the armature and the core is windings are grounded. Second, connect the an- correct. This gap should be = | All of the above checks meter in the circuit at the uniform across the entire | however, they don't clear up consumption to 7-9 amperes by just the width of the gap to | your horn trouble, a couple of playing with the position of 027+ - .033+ using a feeler } adjustments are in order. the adjusting nut. Loosen the gage. Make the adjustments We got an angry complaint First of all, if the horn at all. To check, shunt around | These adjustments vary from adjusting locknut and turn the with the air-gap adjusting the other day fron one of the produces a weak ‘signel Like, the push button. orn to horn - so consult your adjusting nut to the left to nuts. boys in an overseas combat "oooooc0000h' instead of @ Horns will deliver @ razz maintenance manual for proper increase the current, to the Remenber, these checks and j area,about the horn on his strong signal Like EFEEFFEFFE- berry (rasping sound) when adjustments. right to decrease the current. adjustments are made while the truck. YYYYYYAAAAAAYYYYYY! there’s vital parts are broken or Looking for some paper te (Too much current will produce engine is not running, So, The way he tells it, be probably not enough voltage loose. Or a loose backshell put behind the sweatband of a @ spluttering sound). test it for tone with engine / was driving a truck full of being delivered to it. Check may likewise affect the tone. hat we picked out in a res- This whole adjustment is running. (At which time, horn | tonato- juice cocktails urgent- by connecting # voltmeter Tighten all screws, mounting taurant the other day, we ran very ticklish - so move the signals change.) | ly needed by an infentry across the horn terminals. nuts, and studs - ceplace all across a bulletin carrying the nut only sbout 1/10 of @ turn = * : . | battalion in the front lines. The voltage reading shouldn't damaged parts. adjustments for horn number at a time end lock in position P.S, Before starting to | The battle situation was be less than 5.25 volts. A The horn won't work et all 1999801 (unit mfr's number). each time before trying. How work, you should have checked i such that the road he was lower reading indicates either if the field windings inside ‘ This particular horn is on about if you don't have an the tone of the horn. This } using ran through eneny- a low battery or high resis- the horn are open-circuited, — (“) IC) west Cheveies and Gic’s. G2 meter? Adjust secording to will give you « basis of com: } infested country. At one point, tance in the horn circuit. short-circuited or grounded. 4 in order toconplete our story, sound. Parison when you've finished | the road had been so broken up Check the battery -if low, To check, connect an anneter we'll reveal the adjustments The proper tone (an ear the job. % i by shell fire that he had to have it recharged. in the horn circuit at the ( 1 eave it and make his way over If loose or dirty connec- horn terminal. If it reveals ~ 0 8 scrubby hillside, Unfortu- tions in the horn circuit are that the current is not flow- nately, the entire hillside eating up the voltage, fixthen ing when the contact points | vas dotted with eneny infantry up. are closed, the windings are ] fading Hatin! Low shimset sy Glechl pextitor defective cneteaieetaeed iivaus eniaty CSE. | rocksyand lying in shallow wiring anywhere along the line ammeter will disclose an ex- , pits. 1 from battery to the horn cessive flow of current if ae i Keeping the urgency of his with your voltmeter. If the the windings are short-cir- mission in mind, this driver vire is bad, replace with sane cuited, or grounded. j : care that its not cocked in took firm hold of the wheel size wire. Raubeeneleclitest tha pavers mentioned: Luba l cad aalgas ago the opening. If it gets bent and rushed at breakneck speed A loose connection of poor windings for a grounded cir- transfer cases before? Well, hold your hats or twisted in the operation, through the eneny enplacenents, contact at the horn push- cuit with test points and o because here we go again. This time it's er encuentra yr *For a vhile,* he says, button causes the horn to test lamp. Disconnect the of the leather becones wrinkle; eiesvecige ported sUten! = opscutcnantemi tently orrmee nei naett reat eae ee leakage shortly after the case has been west canta | along leapin' and dodgin’ then overhauled. But that ain't ell! If you eneny soldiers, and they would think the seal is particular scatter as they saw and heard f you've ever gone to ali of leather to you, but just about the way it's hendled, | esa ‘the trouble of renoving the fail to cream it thoroughly you should see it get up on | Weieaienis cteaecl) sillet, transfer-case assembly, given for 30 minutes with warm, it's hind legs when it's put | 8 sudden my horn went on the 0 (if the works, and then wrestled engine ofl or neatsfoot oil into a place that's below the | blink. it back into’ position, only to and you might just as vell not the standards it deserves. "You know,* he says, find it staring you in the install it. They won't work In other words, a lot of mopping his brow, tthinkin? face again @ couple of days dry. Secondly, seals rust be ‘come-back’ oil-seal trouble back on it now, on account of 4 Jater with oil running out its stored in water-proof wrappers is caused sinply by mechanics that dan broken horn, T could { ears —brother, you've got our -avay from moisture, extreme failing to prepare a proper St a etee ea pled eate ot nr heat or cold. Don't let sand home for the seal. The seal ereteneenecia ese Here's what — according to or dirt get on the leather bears on the barrel section rior peavanciunnecaseary \ to the experts —causes the before installation - they of the universal-joint yokes. bloodshed of this sort, we'd trouble, Grease seals are not make it abrasive as sandpaper. If this barrel section is in Like to take this opportunity getting the respect they de- After lavishing this loving bad shape— etched, nicked, tol UN eed iceteen tenant ee Serve! True they sren't as care on the seal— don't just rough, or untrue ~ nothing horny, trouble-shooting tips. forbidding asa spline-shaft, jan it home with the first short of prayer will keep the These consist mostly of or a spur-cut gear, but that’s blunt instrunent you happen to lubricant in the case. Give adjustments - but before going where they fool you. They got find. Put a little sealing- this part of the job your very into them, Let's look into temperament! compound on its outer edge so special attention. certain other conditions which First of all, » grease the lubricant can’t creep To keep sand and other affect the performance of the seal is touchy about how it's around. Then vith the proper obrasive materials from being horn. prepared for its job. It may drift or driver, or with a dram in between the yoke and ( (Ly took tke just @ 141" ole hunk rashide hamer, set it, taking “(Continued on page 160)1 ~ ACCIDENTS From a report by Major W. #. Pineberg How do you fall down and break your neck? How do you get killed? Our little chart (fig.1) shows the most popular methods as reported from last year’s maneuvers, 5 was expected (why?), most of the accidents were due to motor vehicles - 703 or 38.6% of the total, tobe exact. The number of deaths, 47, due to motor vehicles, comprised 83.9% of all the deaths energ- ing from the maneuvers. The reason lies in the old adage, ‘familiarity breeds contempt’, Hanging around trucks so long, soldiers develop the,+I-ain’t-afraid- of -your complex, pretty soon they get careless and one day there's another statistic for our chart Breaking it down fine, ve get four assorted methods of attaining astate of disability. These we have also arranged in handy chart form (Fig. 2). Choose your poison. The first, ‘Accidents due to men getting on or off ve- hicles’ cones as a bit of a Surprise. According to the best civilian practice, pedes- Wl trians are usually struck by trucks and run over. But in the Army, mounting. dismount - ing or being jolted from moving - and stationary - trucks, yields the heaviest harvest of victins. Two hundred twenty-one accidents or almost 1/3 of the motor-vehicle accidents cone under this heading. Of these, two resulted in deaths. The first death occurred when a soldier was throrn from a car while it was going around a sharp corner; the second, when a soldier fell violently out of @ truck. Of the remainder of the casualties, painful injuries to the foot and ankle, led the field —with sprains in every joint of the bedy, contusions and lacerations crowding the leader. The peculiar reason for this peculiar type of accident is that Army vehicles have a higher clearance from the ground than civilian vehicles, Being familiar with the rela tively short descent from civilien cars and trucks, the new soldier encounters a pit- fall in the step-down from Army trucks. As the man who fell down the elevator shaft yelled up, *Watch out for that first step—it's a sucker!+ Another reason is that in Lighting fron a car in civil isn life, @ man usually en- counters a level pavement — asa soldier he may jump to rocky, uneven or deceptively soft ground A little more instruction in the art of mounting and dismounting from vehicles — moving or stationary — would undoubtedly cut down the the number of casualties Perhaps a little closer reading of TM 10-460 (The "Driver's Manual») might not hurt - especially on page 82 where it says, *....it is unsafe for anyone to mount or dismount from your vehicle except when it’s stopped.+ Except, of course, in a bona- fide energency. Speaking of the Driver's Manual, we can't see any reason why @ copy shouldn't be in the hands of each and every driver why every driver shouldn't be tested for familiarity with its techniques of vehicle operation and rules of the road ‘Vehicles overturning’ is the second largest cause of accidents —with 14 deaths resulting. Ten of these deaths were due to trucks overturning, two to conmand cars, one to a jeep and one to a tractor. ( Turns executed too fast, improper handling of a truck over rough terrain, or risky maneuvers in getting out of ditches and ruts, will upset things quicker than two bears Of the non-fatal accidents in this class, all kinds of vehicles were involved —in- dicating that no one type of vehicle is safe from the careless driver. Untreined drivers, exhausted drivers, and blackout driving, were usually responsible. For the first and second, the cure is obvious. ..the new blackout- driving beam ought to cut doun on the third. Eighty -two accidents ~ with six deaths —were caused when soldiers were struck or run over by vehicles. Ordinary civilian precautions will reduce the nunber of casualties due to this cause. There is however, one strange reason for soldiers being run over.. that is the favorite practice of sleeping under trucks Maneuvers being a tine of fast action, drivers rarely stop to Jook carefully beneath their trucks for sleeping personnel, The motto seems to be, ‘let sleeping dogfaces lie. After all, should the driver be expected to cops with recumbent soldiers who have selected the underneata of his truck for a bedroom? (The answer is no — ani the moral is, don’t slee> under trucks). However, the Before Operation’ per PUS 43, directs drivers to look under their vehicles for leaks of oil, water, or fuel. While they're at it, they might cast about for soldiers curled up against tire. The nunber of casualties would be largely reduced this way. Into the last, the"mis- cellaneous"class, fall 260 accidents — of which 25 re- sulted in deaths. Motorcycle accidents predominated ~ exactly 25 with 4 deaths Simple carelessness oF sheer clumsiness was re- sponsible inmost miscellaneous cases. Soldiers caught fingers, hands or feet in various parts of vehicles with resulting pain and enbarrassnent. Prov- ing that there are no conven- ‘onal accidents on trucks ~ anything can happen, anytime. Motor Ventete Soldier Felling or tripping Bye Injuries Sports pjects Failing Fights Lifting objects los and Horses Chopping Wood Miscelare ous ‘Tort FIG.11 DISTRIBUTION OF ACCIDENTS AND GETTING ON AND OFF vENICLE (nile mov tne) VEHICLE OVERTURNED (ane to speeding around corners, improper handling of vehte1e) STRUCK OR RUN-OvER BY VENICLE (including soldiers steeping beneath veniele) wise, VEHICLE AccTDENTS (Wotoreyele accidents due to poor handling; carelessness around ventele) FIG. DISTRIBUTION OF ACCIDENTS AxD ACCIDENTAL DEATH And when it does, another guy named Joe is delegated to the hospital detail for a session of moaning - or maybe lowered slowly into a hole to the measured beat of @ drum. And the green grass grows all around. 220 a 80 DEATHS DUE TO MOTOR vENCCLES Accidents Deaths aan 2 131 M o2 6 269 20 ee| | 142 an ° 143 | { 0 the List of Technical Nanvals with each vehicle, As new IM mmber, if it is kom, Sone and Farts Lists we published publications becene available, of ‘the Later vehicles have a in March, extra copies are distributed Publication Plates in the cab, ; The March list and this automatically to Motor Bases, showing the TM number appli , i Mie Willoxize zou cliof, these Depetslani/acinteitece organs: cables? Lflval coq; cusear the | books thet are available, Just rations, Replacements should IM number, ‘end in the lake, | to clear things vp, here's how be requested from the Adjutant Model Number, Nonenclature, I Tis get to the field: One General's Office through chan- and U, Sr Registration Munber, i Maintenance Manual and Parts nels (see AR 310-200)- All They keep shot-flat tires rolling but, | CCCETE TE SESE 5 5 We olways like to sit ina they're fricky and senuercts Wher pans | 2 | ware. Z 5 Ro sctenst feel tall eecaleitey dene. bi how } rast’ | © | sAnvac| : a dope. Learn how now. i MANUFACTURER | NowENCLATURE ay nove ues] = | nensee| = they IC Js to change Cite handled by P' ane) 3 [Sue Bee eee tines i ] tice acta rT aT oa Tart any eany wey to change USC be aided and abetted by The spoon iron must be driven i Ret [a ton Bal me oe C Pe are Gro ave: opi ten permsivelelewslor che. ketesen thei Ueed sralle | aca ciescol ic oar ad ace as ae hanging one that makes 1; hammer anda few sweeps of the worked around to completely } Gemor | Y a2 ten it Bez | Gitas-o6-orts-16.17-27-03 mi.) MY chaning 9 1 ee TORR el face i ° tate a Tbtz | onerai Coverage Cord) oe 2 Rae ad av eeierres the a : Toosen the beads The: revar : HA IEE, retepne 6 y casas Turthersore, there is at the end of the few short | ittmree | aoea | o-7163 » o-r173 10s | Uille strotting through popular misconception that the minltes it requires to. loomen i : 1 vite oe Ba] Ga tier uae | | tr [i the shop with our Goncesied close affinity tetween tire the Bead, 1s the Fim separat= | : 11/2 Ton tn4 1908 | MOR dea 110 aw camera lens peeping out through and rim, is due to the halves ing es effortlessly as an ecg | % meter Nodes, 1941 and 1942 1475, @ cross in our shoe strings, of the split rim having got dropping out of ahalved shell, 5 1/2 Ton Met Ped Det. waa] Sree 61 we bicked"up the neconpeniving stuck topcther. And any anoint Ar our pictufes prove, y consire 6 Ton Ons tsaa | sonsoee ios | 2] ito picture sequence with sont of prying, pounding and im- there's nothing more to it, i ; § Ton 6x6 BA Teer et, nies | 2 both educational ani precation has been showered on than that. , boost 1) 172"Fon tes raz |) we-43 184 14s sornen itnatoaayencd i t tin without A few words of caution | . 1/2 Ton 4x4 1942 | WC-21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 profane that may help you the innocen: ™ fecand and 41 1442, 1443 save rubber and skinned knuck- result wate Acton Soml-T 04a | frtt-2a26-ne ia tas ie ‘One Little group we know Tubes that have been in ‘| Sedens, 6-Cylinder 1942 | 2-Ga-73-¢ 1374 IAs we see it, sOwetusting of, attadkad a tire and rim. service Long enough to have \| Aton at oa 134 1349 souls with a Linited knowledge uniuccesafully for three hours, becone stretched, wrinkle then i || Sedanse s:CyLinder 19a iam | a Of life and split rims, expec! inflicting considerable demege returned to the tire, and are | V2 Ton oe2 042 H30 things to happen this way: tothebeads and their tenpers, sure to give trouble in tine — t LUD Ton 4x2, s-CyLinder isa 1138 139 After removing the valve and finally, in sheer des: . replace them. i te ens serine ae sey 1s K thatiall the peeMEEaneelere at Aicten truck When reassenbly of the rim | 1 MATE a Ceinace Be Sa] | gs core to enke cure theta Ge eter 2u-fen true) ia set bee ot tea TACton tas contact Tisas | 19e2 | Gen ierchangestte with a cde canal andy Cycle tieveligiae wn ce es bene ; i fgets 0] Ge se tie flatnuts.” eeeuegiislcdge the Cire” roundleue [adel egcl a | 11/2 Ten 2, 6-Cyinder vn | tare sr ESC RE ei lecly mehr ActOUMI ENE HTH ne wight. CLietie’ ale uehisine lve Nola / a was Biz] teastoe 1200 5 f Peaigtacere Tete eae enlaces ‘ 2 etingitie tellectipe vane) aed) further (on oe aes f i : 2 1/A ton oe6, C.0.8, org | nte3s3 10 at “ \ Brunble away from the tire The truth of the matter is the tube from getting pinched, i : 11/2 Ton #92, G:0cE. Kos oa | Geass isa aimn'ne more netivity on thelr twofold: | First, there's ‘the Well, its betn eany cheng : GRay courasy | Portable Gasoline Dispenser 1942 | @-100 i404 04 tart, then a close inapection beedieck supporting the! tire’ ing al vsre with our big.ctae earaen eerie ter a toa Peasgaare 2 [st083 | XN at of their nail polish. from the inside. Second, the mouth --we're sure you won't sree Tratters, ergo & Animal ro42 | S.t.D. ass 137 1372 t ButGesdocs not happen vibeadidcesistick tenaciously tol blind’ Leias eayoeith your Irmmmarrona._ | # Ton‘, Ceonerach 10973 ae ae bentee ana Tae seavanah vous i) toe | cr es} | ass Ie ecle oes petten tie elon avetaney een aeliders a”) onowlal lay tun onetcprashy, : fim ez, Gomer ae [et | ae Be] | 33 : IS See [a | ats Hea ieee nasa vmaron | trotters, 1 ton wea] a | | nee eae noms Sarma ies reenter lea |e i 122 Srusonas’ "| F'Us"toe ae ba | te i ara a raciareyanneatwcare tat | 1o.s2.0 ra !, WESTFIELD Bicycles. 1942, 1481 mre mae 1540 | ssoxe Bes : sin oe ioe2 | ee ilys.omeaua| 1/4"Ten tet, (Contract oh-1s9) | toa | Se 1206 ‘ see) Ten arty (Camere 11428), | 1942 | M0 Interchangeable with 4 Pod merciaece i | sia U f