Banco de Tubos e Intercambiador de Calor por Placas

Universidad Nacional del Altiplano - Facultad de Ingenieria Quimica - LOPU

1 1 1
Carlos A. Ccopa Gutiérrez , Doris V. Mamani Huaracha , Reyna Yanqui Rosas , Miriam K. Osorio
Andia2 ,
1
Practicas Pre-Profesionales
2
Operaciones y Procesos Unitarios - Ingenieria de Procesos

Introducción
• The goal of this research is to integrate microwave-frequency Large Signal Network Analysis capabilities with commercially available National
Instruments’ PXI modular instrumentation and LabVIEW environment.
• The Microwave Research Group at the University of Colorado has decades of experience in UHF through millimeter-wave transmitters, including
recent X-band (10-GHz) MMIC implementations in GaN. Our aim is to extend the frequency range and capabilities of available commercial
instrumentation provided by NI.
• The proposed instrumentation development will enable new types of measurements such as those required for harmonically-terminated PAs,
various transmitter architectures (Doherty, outphasing and supply modulated PAs), as well as microwave transistor rectifiers. The time-domain
characterization is expected to provide dramatic improvement in RF circuit design capabilities.

Calibration Time-domain instrumentation for non-linear devices

LSNA calibration algorithm consists of 3 steps Name Manufacturer Receivers Availability
at each RF frequency:
MTA (requires two synchronized) HP Sampler Discontinued
1. A relative VNA calibration creates an LSNA Agilent Sampler Discontinued
error-term matrix related to ports 1 and PNA-X + Nonlinear option Agilent Mixer $$
2: ZVA + Nonlinear option Rohde and Schwarz Mixer $$
SWAP X-402 VTD Sampler Discontinued
     
a1 1 β1 0 0 r1
 b1  γ1 δ1 0 0 r2 
 =K . 
a2  0 0 α2 β2  r3  Receiver: Mixer vs. Sampler
b2 0 0 γ2 δ2 r4 Mixer approach: frequency domain Sampler approach: subsampling
|Spectrum| |Spectrum|
2. The power calibration gives |K| |Spectrum| |Spectrum|
NarrowFbandFfilter Low-passFfilter
3. + The phase calibration yields arg{K} GHz MHz
Scope Scope
GHz MHz Clock
Power and phase calibration are performed at RF RF-IF IF
an auxiliary reference plane (Paux ) after its own
1-port SOL coaxial calibration: ns µs

     
aaux 1 βaux r1
baux
= Kaux
γaux δaux
.
r2 Measurement Setup for Envelope Tracking Application
The setup includes two LSNAs simultaneously. One is dedicated to RF (sampler based down-
r1 r2 raw data r3 r4 conversion), the other one samples directly the LF stimulus. The purpose is to investigate low-
Paux

P1
P2

frequencies S22 of the DUT under RF large signal conditions.

aaux a1

baux b1 Chassis Controler Sampler Clock ADC (4 ch) ADC (4 ch)

PXIe-1062Q PXIe-8840 PXI-5404 PXIe-5922 (x2) PXIe-5162
BW=6 MHz (24 bits) BW=1.5 GHz (10 bits)
Ref. Plane

LF LSNA
⇒ Power calibration at Paux reference plane LF Source
InP HBT Sampler Downconverter (x4)
LF Bias Tee
requires the connection of a power sensor. Ac- Clock: 5 MHz - 3 GHz
BW > 50 GHz
cording to the measured value, in dBm, we can
VGG RF LSNA LF Coupler
calculate |Kaux | such as:
 (P ower−10)/20  VDD
 10  RF Load-Pull
|Kaux | =  
r1 + βaux .r2  RF Source RF Driver
RF Coupler RF Coupler
RF Bias Tee RF Bias Tee

⇒ Phase calibration at Paux is performed by GaN HEMT

(DUT)
connecting a direct receiver (e.g. r3 ) at Paux :
Low-frequency measurement of drain supply envelope-bandwidth impedance for supply-modulated PAs
 
r3
arg{Kaux } = arg
r1 + βaux .r2 Conclusion
⇒ Reciprocity transfers the absolute calibra- This new project will enable a new RF measurement capability by enabling an instrument that
tion from Paux to ports 1 and 2 (P 1 and P 2): currently does not exist on the market. Some additional benefits include:
p • frequency range extension of NI RF instrument products currently available;
K = ± 1/Det{[M ]}
• sampler architecture offers a unique multi-scale time analysis possibility (e.g. signal and carrier
with domains);
    −1 • can be implemented with various ADCs and downconverters (e.g. THAs);
1 β1 1 βaux • 100% LabVIEW environment;
M= . Kaux .
γ1 δ1 γaux δaux
• goal is to offer open-source LabVIEW software for user measurement flexibility.

Acknowledgements
This work is funded by National Instruments (Dr. Truchard) through a charitable donation. We would like to acknowledge DARPA (Dr. Greene) and ONR (Dr. Maki) for funding
the initial part of this work under grant N00014-11-1-0931. Poster downloaded from www.microwave.fr