EXPERIMENT No.

01
INTRODUCTION TO AC AC AND DC MACHINES & INSTRUMENTAL
CONNECTIONS FOR EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
PRE LAB TASK
Objectives

1. Connections of Fundamental Measuring Instruments.

2. Basic understanding of Electrical Machines which include AC/DC Machine and Transformer

3.Name Plate Data

4. Lab Layout.

Introduction

The device in which working phenomenon involves magnetic flux is known as Electrical
Machine. In This Lab session you will study different types of electrical machines used in the
Lab and you will familiarize yourself with the lab and its equipment.

Theory

An electrical machine is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy or
vice versa. Electrical machines also include transformers, which do not actually make
conversion between mechanical and electrical form but they convert AC current from one
voltage level to another voltage level.
Generator:
A generator is an electrical machine which converts mechanical form of energy into electrical
form. Generator works on the principle that whenever a conductor moves in a magnetic field, an
emf gets induced in the conductor. This principle is called as generator action.
Generators have generally two basic parts named "Stator" and "Rotor". Mechanical energy is
provided to the rotor of a generator by means of a prime mover (i.e. a turbine). Turbines are of
different types like steam turbine, water turbine, wind turbine etc. Mechanical energy can also be
provided by IC engines or similar other sources.
To learn more about how generators work, read the following articles.

 AC Generator (converts mechanical energy into Alternating Current (AC) electricity)

 DC Generator (converts mechanical energy into Direct Current (DC) electricity)

Motor:
A motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. When
a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, the conductor experiences a
mechanical force and this is the principle behind motoring action.
Just like generators, motors also consists two basic parts, stator and rotor. In a motor, we give
electric supply to both the stator and rotor windings which causes a mechanical force between
the stator and rotor. This force causes the rotor to rotate.
To learn more about electric motors, read the following articles.

AC motors: (i) Induction motors and (ii) Synchronous motor

 DC motors: (i) Brushed DC motor and (ii) Brushless DC motor

Transformers:
Transformers do not actually make conversion between mechanical and electrical form, but they
transfer electric power from one circuit to another circuit. They can decrease or increase the
voltage while transferring the power without changing the frequency, but with the corresponding
increase or decrease in the current. Transformers also belong to electrical machines.
Step up transformers increases the voltage level from primary to secondary but with
the corresponding decrease in the current and vice versa.
The classification tree will help you to understand different types of electrical machines.
Three Phase Slip Ring Wound Rotor AC Machine
Three Phase Synchronous Electrical Machine
 LAB SESSION
Equipment
 AC and DC Machines
 Transformers
 Measuring Instruments

Precautions
Follow the precautions and safety rules distributed and written the wall chart of the lab.

Experimental Procedure

1. Examine the lab and see all work benches so that you can see which machines are present
in the lab. The Lab Layout Picture and the pictures of work benches are shown here
(provided in separate folder). Write down about the machines present on each work
bench and their connections/arrangements.

The Lab Layout Diagram showing workbenches

 Workbench 10

2. Voltmeter,Ohmmeter,ammeter and wattmeter are connected on the workbench with the

machine. Note down their connections and know their use. Take Picture of connections.
3. Note Down the name plate Data of every machine and write it here. Name Plate Picture
as an example is shown here.
 LAB REPORT
Discussion of Results: (Write a Detail Technical Report At least Three Paragraphs of 5 Lines which should reflect your learning from this Lab session)
Conclusion /Summary: (brief statements without needless information)

References

1. (July, 2016) http://www.electricaleasy.com/2012/12/what-is-electrical-machine.html

Questions : (Use Separate Pages, One Side Only)

Q.1 What is the power rating of the smallest machine existing in the lab?
Q.2 What is the power rating of the largest machine existing in the lab?
Q.3What is manufacturing country and who is manufacturer of all the machines?
Q.4 What is the range of each voltmeter existing in the lab?
Q.5. What is the range of each ammeter present in the lab?
Q.6What is the range of each wattmeter present in the lab?
Q.7 How many resistive, inductive and capacitive loads are there in the E.machine lab?
Q.8 How many AC and DC machines are there in the lab?
Q.9 How many Single Phase Machines are there in the Lab?
Q.10. How many Three Phase Machines are there in the lab?
Q.11. What is the range supply voltage available in the machine lab?
Q.12.What is the function of main step down transformer the lab? What are its specs?
Q.13.What is the function of main rectifier present in the lab?
Q14. Which work benches have Three Phase AC Supply, Describe in detail the main AC,
DC Control Panel?
Q.15.Which Work benches have Three Phase DC Power Supply?
Q.16Which Work benches have DC Power supply?
Q.17 How weighing scale measures torque?
Q.18.How techo-genarotor measures rpm?
Q.19What is the current capacities of rheostat available in the lab?
Q.20.What is the current capacities of ammeter available in the lab?
Q.21. What is parallax error?
Q.22. What is the main AC/DC voltage and current that can be measured by using
millimeter and clamp meter?
Q.23. What is the main AC/DC current that can be measured by using millimeter?
Q.24.Write IEEE referencing procedure in MS word for website and book citation?