Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Immersion
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Identifying the Problem and Asking the
Questions
Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 2: Identifying the Problem and Asking the Questions
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Team Leaders:
School Head : Marlene G. Lulu
LRMDS Coordinator : Jaycee B. Barcelona
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
In the previous module, you have learned that choosing a research topic needs
a lot of consideration and thinking. Not only that research should be focused
and well-defined, but it should also be well-timed and contributive to a field
or discipline. In accordance to the guidelines and steps discussed, you were
able to determine your topic to be investigated. Now that you have a research
problem in mind, this module will harness you on how to write the basic parts
of a research paper.
1
What I Know
This part…
1. serves as the plan or the blueprint of the study. Conceptual Framework
2. includes definitions of words operationally used in the study. Definition of
Terms
3. serves as an overview of the research topic under investigation. Introduction
4. sets the parameters of the study which narrow down the scope of inquiry. Scope
and Delimitation
5. states the concrete terms that a researcher expects to happen in the
study. Hypothesis
6. cites the benefits certain groups of persons will get from the outcome of
the study. Significance of the Study
7. clearly expresses the specific direction or focus of the research problem
or inquiry. Statement of the Problem
8. elaborates the origin of the research problem which led to the conduct of
the study. Introduction
9. covers the general statement of the problem as well as the specific
research questions to be answered in the study. Statement of the
Problem
10. gives the concepts to be covered in the study as well as its boundaries in
terms of the respondents/participants, sampling technique, locale and
the research methods to be used.
Scope and Delimitation
2
Lesson
Identifying the Problem and
1 Asking the Questions
Starting a research investigation is similar to embarking on a journey. First,
you have to project a clear picture of your destination. You have already
accomplished this initial step as you have trimmed down your area of interest
into a specific research problem in the previous module. The next step is to
strategize how to arrive at the destination.
One way to strategize is to pinpoint all the factors and considerations that
may affect the route towards your goal. This module discusses these
contributing elements which will also serve as the bedrock of your study.
What’s In
For example:
What’s New
Read the given research scenario carefully and answer the questions that
follow. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answers on your
notebook.
5
2. What is the objective of the study in the given selection?
A. to uncover the history of the TFG program
B. to measure the effectiveness of the TFG policies
C. to identify the effects of the TFG to the community
D. to solicit the experiences of smokers and non-smokers
3. Who do you think should be the respondents of the study?
A. residents of Dinalupihan
B. medical doctors and nurses
C. founder of the TFG program
D. All of the above.
4. Who do you think will benefit from this study?
A. community
B. local government
C. future researchers
D. All of the above.
5. Why do you think there is a need to conduct this study?
A. to gauge the status of the program
B. to see whether the program needs revision
C. to measure the compliance level of the residents
D. All of the above.
What is It
Now that you have clearly formulated a research problem, the next step is to
accomplish the baseline of your research paper. You must explain the context
of your study by giving its background. This may aid you in identifying your
specific questions for your statement of the problem as well as your hypothesis. There
is also a need to list down the beneficiaries of your research which will be
presented in the significance of the study. You must also set the boundaries of your
study by writing your scope and delimitation. A definition of terms must also be
furnished to facilitate understanding of your study. These parts are discussed
as follows:
Prior to writing and reading various literature and studies, making an outline
is a helpful tip to facilitate the process. Here is an example of an outline of the
background of the study:
Source: Jerry C. Perello, presented at Learning and Development Activity for Schools
Research Committee Cum Crafting Research Write Ups, 2019.
7
Example of a Background of the Study
or world perspective.
on termites, termites cause less than 75-80% of damage
economically due to home, wood and crop infestation in North
America. He stated that the reason is that termites are drawn
to their food source and that makes them drawn to any type of
wood like timber, logs, firewood and other wood made
A condition related to the
topic or focus of the study
Factors contributing to
the focus of the study
As described by Dukar (2012), intoxicating yam is a
twining vine, arising from tuberous roots, and reaching a
length of several meters. Juice of underground stems reported
to possess narcotic properties. It is found in the Himalayas,
from Nepal to Sikkim, at altitudes up to 1500m, and also in
the tropics of Asia from South India to Taiwan, Philippines,
New Guinea.
Mat (2013) conducted a study regarding Dioscorea
hispida Dennst which is the Malaysian term for “yam.” In their
previous ethnobotanical survey carried out on the Malay
villagers in Pulau Redang, Kuala Terengganu district of
Terengganu, it was found out that Dioscorea hispida tuber is
used as food, traditional medicines to treat diabetes and
shingle infestation, for de-worming as well as fish poison. On
the other hand, the villagers of Sainnamari and Thanarbaid,
Tangail, Bangladesh had used the poisonous tuber paste of
8
Dioscorea as poison in hunting.
Current condition in the
the study
and instead using it as an advantage. The researchers intend
to make a cheap, inorganic termite wood repellent.
Source: Ceejay S. Mallari, et al, “Nami Plant Extract as Termite Repellent” paper
presented at Jose C. Payumo Jr. Memorial High School, 2020.
B. The next part to be accomplished is the statement of the problem. Aside from
being a tool in solving dilemmas in the society, another purpose of
research is to guide people towards a better understanding of phenomena,
human behavior, human interactions and other events in daily life. This
premise indicates the importance of meticulously crafting of the research
questions as it sets the focus and drives the course of the study.
9
Guidelines in formulating specific question or sub-questions:
8. Specify the participants and the research site of the study, if the
information is not yet given.
10
Example of Specific Research Questions
Title of the Study: Perpetuity of Family-owned Business in the Philippines: A Causal Model
Source: Alaine Marc Goles, “Perpetuity of family-owned business in the Philippines: A causal
model” Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Sto. Tomas, 2016.
11
Example of a Null Hypothesis: Example of an Alternative Hypothesis:
Note that not all studies test hypothesis. Sometimes a study is designed to
be exploratory. Exploratory research intends to investigate a problem that
is not clearly defined; hence will not provide conclusive results.
D. The significance of the study pinpoints the benefits certain groups of people will
gain from the findings of the study. It must start from the most to the least
benefitted ones.
Title of the Study: Effects of Verbal Bullying to the Academic Performance of Grade 9
Students in Jose C. Payumo Jr. Memorial High School
To the students, this will provide them knowledge about the forms of bullying
and how to deal with it once encountered.
11
To the school administrators, the result of this study may provide
information and may serve as a basis to encourage them to make regulations
about the problem. In addition, this may lead them to assuring the full and
strong implementation of the existing policies on bullying.
To the teachers, the findings of this study may help them to spread
awareness on how destructive verbal bullying can be. Constant guidance
from the teachers can also be an upshot of this study. Moreover, teachers
may conceptualize activities or other solutions to create a positive and
friendly atmosphere inside their classrooms.
To the parents, this study may inform them on the possible negative
circumstances like bullying that may happen to their children. As an effect,
this may encourage them to guide their children properly.
To the future researchers, this study will serve as a basis for related topics.
A continuation of this study may be done to fill in the gaps of this research
that may result to proactive solutions to counter any form of bullying.
Source: Jocelyn C. Gambas, et. al, “Effects of Verbal Bullying to the Academic Performance of
Grade 9 Students in Jose C. Payumo Jr. Memorial High School, School Year 2019 – 2020” paper
presented at Jose C. Payumo Jr. Memorial High School, 2020.
E. Scope and Delimitations of the Study states the coverage of the study. It must
answer the following parameters as much as possible:
12
Example of Scope and Delimitation of the Study
Title of the Study: An Assessment on the Impact of Farm-to-Market Road Projects in
Pola, Oriental Mindoro
WHAT AND WHY The study was concerned with (1) the impact of the
constructed INFRES Farm-to-Market Road Project on the respondents; and
(2) the relationship between construction of roads and its impact, only in
terms of the answered Household Survey Questionnaire and perception of
respondents and key officials. The condition of the respondents was to be
described also in terms of their demographic profile and other indicators
included in the Impact Assessment Household Survey Questionnaire.
HOW The study included an evaluation of the economic and social aspect of
the beneficiaries before and after the INFRES farm-to-market road project,
as well as of the respondents’ demographic profile, income and employment,
improved access, and perceived benefits after the INFRES road was
constructed. Key Informant Interview was also used to gather data,
especially unanswered items in the survey.
Source: Raynaldo Quitos, “An Assessment of Farm-to-Market Road Projects in Pola,
Oriental Mindoro” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Sto. Tomas, 2013.
13
Step by Step Guide on How to Write the Conceptual Framework
Home • relationship
Life • finance
• economic aspect
Community
• social interaction
14
G. Definition of Terms lists down and defines the key terms as used in the
study in alphabetical order. An operational definition refers to a specific
definition of concept in a research study. This is necessary because it will
clarify the purpose and direction of the study.
Conversion. It is the process wherein the word’s function has been transformed
into another but with no overt change in form.
Facebook. It is an online social media or social networking service that makes easy
for people to connect and share with other people.
Source: Jan Adams D. Magtanong, “Morphological Analysis of the Language of the Netizens in Social
Media” Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Bataan Peninsula State University – Main Campus, 2018.
15
What’s More
Formulate a null and an alternative hypothesis for each of the following. Write
your answers on your notebook. (5 points each)
Null:
Taking aspirins daily does not affect heart attack risk. or
There is no significant relationship between taking aspirins daily and
heart attack risk.
Alternative:
Taking aspirins does affect heart attack risk. or
There is a significant relationship between taking aspirins daily and
heart attack risk.
16
What I Have Learned
It explicates the rationale why you, as a researcher, are conducting the study , this particular part of the
paper may lead you to your research questions.
It must be simple and specific enough for us to accomplish it with considerations of our limitations and
within the given period of time.
17
What I Can Do
Accomplish the tasks below by following the instructions carefully. Base your
answers on your chosen research problem in the previous module. Write your
answers on your notebook.
ACTIVE
4. What is the current
status of your
research problem in
your research locale?
18
B. Significance of the Study (5 points)
Write the title of your chosen study from the previous module. Afterwards,
identify at least four beneficiaries of your research and specify the benefits
they can get. Write your answers on your notebook.
BENEFITS
19
To know the impact of viewers
interpretations to the artists idea
2. Why should your study be
conducted? State the objective.
Mangatarem, Pangasinan
3. Where will your study be
conducted? State the locale.
1-2 weeks
4. When will your study be
conducted? State the time frame.
Through interview and questions.
5. How will your study be
conducted? State the research
design, instrument and
methodology.
Assessment
A. Read the statements carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Write your answers on your notebook.
4. This provides context to the information that you are discussing in your
paper. It introduces your readers to the topic of your research.
a. background of the study c. statement of the problem
b. definition of terms d. hypothesis
20
5. This part explains the extent to which the research area will be explored
in the work and specifies the parameters within which the study will be
operating.
a. significance of the study c. statement of the problem
b. definition of terms d. scope and delimitation
21
Additional Activities
Choose only one from the local, national and international issue that you have
written in What’s In. Using this, formulate a statement of the problem. Write
your answers on your notebook. (15 points)
ADOLECENT PERGNANCY
Issue
THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO FIND
OUT THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE
YOUTH ABOUT PREGNANCY PREVENTION
General Statement of the Problem
22
Rubric for What’s In
5 3 1
Criteria/ Excellent/ Satisfactory Needs
Indicators Outstanding Improvement
23
Rubric for Assessment (B)
5 3 1
Criteria/ Excellent/ Satisfactory Needs
Indicators Outstanding Improvement
24
Answer Key
25
References
Baraceo, Esther L. Practical Research 1. Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store,
2016.
Cristobal, Amadeo P. and Maura C. Dela Cruz. Practical Research 1 for Senior
High School. Quezon City: C& E Publishing, Inc., 2017.
26
Prieto, Nelia F., Naval, Victoria C., and Carey, Teresita G. Practical Research 2
for Senior High School. Metro Manila, Philippines: Lorimar
Publishing, Inc, 2017.
27
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: