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7KE85 V07.00 Manual
7KE85 V07.00 Manual
Table of Contents
SIPROTEC 5 Introduction 1
Fault Recorder Basic Structure of the Function 2
7KE85
System Functions 3
V07.00 Applications 4
Power-System Data 5
Manual
Function-Group Types 6
Fault Recorder 7
Supervision Functions 8
Measured and Energy Values 9
Functional Tests 10
Technical Data 11
Appendix A
Glossary
Index
C53000-G5040-C018-4
NOTE
i For your own safety, observe the warnings and safety instructions contained in this document, if available.
Target Audience
System configurers, commissioning engineers, and persons entrusted with the setting, testing and mainte-
nance of fault recorder equipment, and operational crew in electrical installations and power plants.
Scope
This manual applies to the SIPROTEC 5 device family.
Further Documentation
[dwprefdm-221012-01.tif, 3, en_US]
• Device manuals
Each Device manual describes the functions and applications of a specific SIPROTEC 5 device. The
printed manual and the online help for the device have the same informational structure.
• Hardware manual
The Hardware manual describes the hardware building blocks and device combinations of the
SIPROTEC 5 device family.
• Operating manual
The Operating manual describes the basic principles and procedures for operating and assembling the
devices of the SIPROTEC 5 range.
• Product information
The Product information includes general information about device installation, technical data, limiting
values for input and output modules, and conditions when preparing for operation. This document is
provided with each SIPROTEC 5 device.
• Engineering Guide
The Engineering Guide describes the essential steps when engineering with DIGSI 5. In addition, the
Engineering Guide shows you how to load a planned configuration to a SIPROTEC 5 device and update
the functionality of the SIPROTEC 5 device.
• SIPROTEC 5 catalog
The SIPROTEC 5 catalog describes the system features and the devices of SIPROTEC 5.
Indication of Conformity
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communi-
ties on harmonization of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC Council Directive 2004/108/EC – valid until April, 19th of 2016,
EMC Council Directive 2014/30/EU – valid from April, 20th of 2016) and concerning
electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low Voltage Directive
2006/95/EG – valid until April, 19th of 2016, Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU –
valid from April, 20th of 2016).
This conformity has been proved by tests performed according to the Council Direc-
tive in accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 (for EMC directive) and
with the product standard EN 60255-27 (for Low Voltage Directive) by Siemens AG.
The device is designed and manufactured for application in an industrial environ-
ment.
The product conforms with the international standards of IEC 60255 and the
German standard VDE 0435.
Other Standards
IEEE Std C 37.90
The technical data of the product is approved in accordance with UL.
For more information about the UL database, see www.ul.com
Select Online Certifications Directory and enter E194016 as UL File Number.
[ul_listed_c_us, 1, --_--]
Additional Support
For questions about the system, please contact your Siemens sales partner.
Support
Our Customer Support Center provides a 24-hour service.
Phone: +49 (180) 524-7000
Fax: +49 (180) 524-2471
E-Mail: support.energy@siemens.com
Training Courses
Inquiries regarding individual training courses should be addressed to our Training Center:
Siemens AG
Siemens Power Academy TD
Humboldtstraße 59
90459 Nürnberg
Germany
Notes on Safety
This document is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment
(module or device). However, it comprises important information that must be followed for personal safety, as
well as to avoid material damage. Information is highlighted and illustrated as follows according to the degree
of danger:
! DANGER
DANGER means that death or severe injury will result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.
! WARNING
WARNING means that death or severe injury may result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.
! CAUTION
CAUTION means that medium-severe or slight injuries can occur if the specified measures are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid moderate or minor injuries.
NOTICE
NOTICE means that property damage can result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid property damage.
NOTE
i Important information about the product, product handling or a certain section of the documentation which
must be given particular attention.
Proper Use
The equipment (device, module) may be used only for such applications as set out in the catalogs and the
technical description, and only in combination with third-party equipment recommended and approved by
Siemens.
Problem-free and safe operation of the product depends on the following:
• Proper transport
• Proper storage, setup and installation
• Hazardous voltages may be present in equipment even after the supply voltage has been disconnected
(capacitors can still be charged).
• Operation of equipment with exposed current-transformer circuits is prohibited. Before disconnecting the
equipment, ensure that the current-transformer circuits are short-circuited.
• The limiting values stated in the document must not be exceeded. This must also be considered during
testing and commissioning.
Among other things, this product contains Open Source Software that was developed by third parties. The
Open Source Software included with this product and the relevant Open Source Software license agreement
can be found in Readme_OSS. The Open Source Software program is protected by copyright. You are
permitted to use the Open Source Software according to the Open Source Software license agreement.
Should contradictions occur between the Open Source Software license conditions and the Siemens license
conditions applicable to the product, the Open Source Software license agreement with respect to the Open
Source Software shall prevail. The Open Source Software is provided free of charge. If stipulated by the
Open Source Software license agreement, the source text of the software is available until the end of the third
year after purchasing the product. Shipping charges will apply separately. We are liable for the product
including the Open Source Software according to the license agreement for the product. Any liability arising
from the use of the Open Source Software that exceeds the intended program flow of the product, as well as
liability for defects that were caused by changes made to the Open Source Software, is excluded. If the
product was modified, we cannot provide technical support.
When using DIGSI 5 in online mode, you are provided with the option to go to the main menu Show Open
source information and read and display the Readme_OSS file containing the original license text and copy-
right information.
To do this, the following steps are necessary:
• Switch to online mode.
• Select the device.
NOTE
i To read the Readme_OSS file, a PDF viewer must be installed on the computer.
In order to operate SIPROTEC 5 devices, a valid DIGSI 5 license is required.
Preface................................................................................................................................................................3
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 19
1.1 General.................................................................................................................................20
1.2 Properties of SIPROTEC 5................................................................................................... 21
1.3 Properties of the Fault Recorder...........................................................................................23
1.4 Parameterization and Analysis Software.............................................................................. 25
1.4.1 DIGSI 5 .......................................................................................................................... 25
1.4.2 SICAM PQS/SICAM PQ Analyzer.................................................................................. 25
1.5 Scope of Functions...............................................................................................................28
3 System Functions............................................................................................................................................. 41
3.1 Indications.............................................................................................................................42
3.1.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 42
3.1.2 Reading Indications on the On-Site Operation Panel .................................................... 42
3.1.3 Reading Indications from the PC with DIGSI 5............................................................... 44
3.1.4 Display of Indications ..................................................................................................... 45
3.1.5 Logs................................................................................................................................ 46
3.1.5.1 General .....................................................................................................................46
3.1.5.2 Operational Log ........................................................................................................47
3.1.5.3 User-Defined Log ..................................................................................................... 49
3.1.5.4 Sequence of Events Log........................................................................................... 52
3.1.6 Setting-History Log ........................................................................................................ 54
3.1.7 Communication Log........................................................................................................ 56
3.1.8 Security Log ................................................................................................................... 57
3.1.9 Device-Diagnosis Log .................................................................................................... 59
3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log ..........................................................................................60
3.1.11 Stored Indications in the SIPROTEC 5 Device .............................................................. 62
3.1.12 Test Mode and Influence of Indications on Substation Automation Technology ........... 64
3.2 Measured-Value Acquisition ................................................................................................ 65
3.3 Processing of Quality Attributes............................................................................................67
3.3.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................ 67
3.3.2 Quality Processing/Affected by the User for Received GOOSE Values......................... 69
4 Applications.......................................................................................................................................................99
4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................100
4.2 Application Template and Functional Scope for the Fault Recorder ................................. 101
8 Supervision Functions.....................................................................................................................................311
8.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................312
8.2 Resource-Consumption Supervision.................................................................................. 313
8.2.1 Load Model................................................................................................................... 313
8.2.2 Function Points............................................................................................................. 314
8.2.3 CFC Resources............................................................................................................ 315
8.3 Supervision of the Secondary System................................................................................317
8.3.1 Signaling-Voltage Supervision...................................................................................... 317
8.3.1.1 Overview of Functions.............................................................................................317
8.3.1.2 Structure of the Function......................................................................................... 317
8.3.1.3 Function Description................................................................................................317
8.3.1.4 Application and Setting Notes................................................................................. 319
8.3.1.5 Settings................................................................................................................... 320
8.3.1.6 Information List........................................................................................................322
8.3.2 Voltage-Balance Supervision........................................................................................322
8.3.2.1 Overview of Functions ............................................................................................322
8.3.2.2 Structure of the Function......................................................................................... 322
8.3.2.3 Function Description................................................................................................322
8.3.2.4 Application and Setting Notes ................................................................................ 324
8.3.2.5 Settings................................................................................................................... 324
8.3.2.6 Information List........................................................................................................324
8.3.3 Voltage-Sum Supervision............................................................................................. 325
8.3.3.1 Overview of Functions ............................................................................................325
8.3.3.2 Structure of the Function ........................................................................................ 325
8.3.3.3 Function Description................................................................................................325
8.3.3.4 Application and Setting Notes ................................................................................ 326
8.3.3.5 Settings................................................................................................................... 327
8.3.3.6 Information List........................................................................................................327
8.3.4 Voltage Phase-Rotation Supervision............................................................................ 327
8.3.4.1 Overview of Functions ............................................................................................327
8.3.4.2 Structure of the Function ........................................................................................ 327
8.3.4.3 Function Description................................................................................................328
8.3.4.4 Application and Setting Notes ................................................................................ 328
8.3.4.5 Settings................................................................................................................... 329
8.3.4.6 Information List........................................................................................................329
8.3.5 Broken-Wire Detection..................................................................................................329
8.3.5.1 Overview of Functions ............................................................................................329
8.3.5.2 Structure of the Function......................................................................................... 329
10 Functional Tests..............................................................................................................................................371
10.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................372
10.2 Directional Test ..................................................................................................................373
A Appendix......................................................................................................................................................... 399
A.1 Order Options and Accessories..........................................................................................400
A.2 Typographic and Symbol Conventions............................................................................... 402
A.3 Standard Variants for 7KE85..............................................................................................405
A.4 Connection Examples for Current Transformers ............................................................... 409
A.5 Connection Examples for Voltage Transformers................................................................ 412
A.6 Application Examples of the Fault Recorder ......................................................................415
A.7 Shielding Concept ..............................................................................................................418
A.8 SDHC Memory Card ..........................................................................................................419
A.9 Troubleshooting SDHC Memory Card ............................................................................... 421
Glossary..........................................................................................................................................................423
Index............................................................................................................................................................... 435
1.1 General 20
1.2 Properties of SIPROTEC 5 21
1.3 Properties of the Fault Recorder 23
1.4 Parameterization and Analysis Software 25
1.5 Scope of Functions 28
1.1 General
The protection of power distribution equipment is crucial in assuring a reliable electricity supply. The user
expects full availability of electrical energy at a consistently high standard of quality. Thus, for power-system
protection, for example, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between critical load cases and
short-circuits with minimum fault currents. The demands on optimum use and the corresponding parameteri-
zation of protection devices are rising. Intensive evaluation of available information from secondary equip-
ment (using fault recorders) is therefore essential. This is the only way to ensure today's currently high levels
of reliability and availability in electricity transmission and distribution systems for the future as well.
A new era has begun for fault recording with the introduction of the SIPROTEC 5 series. The 7KE85 fault
recorder was developed especially for the requirements of the changing energy market, both current and
future. Powerful, reliable monitoring, combined with the flexible engineering and communication options,
offers the basis for maximum reliability of supply.
General Properties
• Powerful microprocessor
• Fully digital measured-value processing and control, from sampling and digitizing of measurands to
closing and tripping decisions for the circuit breaker
• Complete galvanic and interference-free isolation of the internal processing switches from the system
measuring, control, and supply circuits through instrument transformers, binary input and output
modules, and DC and AC voltage converters
• Easy operation via an integrated operation and display panel, or via a connected personal computer with
user interface
• Storage of fault indications for system incidents (faults in system) with real-time assignment and instan-
taneous values for fault recording
• Continuous monitoring of the measurands as well as the device hardware and software
• Communication with central control and storage devices possible via the device interface
Microcomputer System
All device functions are processed in the microcomputer system.
This includes, for example:
• Filtering and preparation of the measurands
• Constant monitoring of the measurands
• Storage of indications, fault data, and fault values for fault analysis
• Administration of the operating system and its functions, such as data storage, real-time clock, communi-
cation, interfaces, etc.
Modular Concept
The SIPROTEC 5 modular concept ensures the consistency and integrity of all functionalities across the
entire device series. Significant features here include:
• Modular system design in hardware, software, and communication
• The same expansion and communication modules for all devices in the SIPROTEC 5 family
• Innovative terminal technology with easy assembly and interchangeability and the highest possible
degree of safety
• The same functions can be configured individually across the entire family of devices
• Automatic logging of access attempts and safety-critical operations on the devices and systems
Analog Inputs
The measuring inputs transform the currents and voltages coming from the instrument transformers and
adapt them to the internal processing level of the device. A SIPROTEC 5 device has current and/or voltage
transmitters. The current inputs are therefore intended for the detection of phase currents and ground current.
The ground current can be detected sensitively using a core balance current transformer. In addition, phase
currents can be detected very sensitively for a particularly precise measurement.
The voltage inputs detect the measuring voltage of device functions requiring current and voltage measured
values.
The analog values are digitized in the internal microcomputer for data processing.
Front Elements
For devices with an integrated or detached operation panel, LEDs and an LC display on the front provide
information on the device function and report events, states, and measured values. In conjunction with the LC
display, the integrated keypad enables on-site operation of the device. All device information such as setting
parameters, operating and fault indications or measured values can be displayed, and setting parameters
changed.
Redundant Communication
SIPROTEC 5 devices maintain complete communication redundancy:
• Multiple redundant communication interfaces
• Redundant and independent protocols for control centers possible (such as IEC 61850, either single or
redundant)
Power Supply
The individual functional units of the device are powered by an internal power supply. Brief interruptions in the
supply voltage, which can occur during short circuits in the system auxiliary voltage supply, are bridged by
capacitor storage (see also the Technical Data).
• Fault recording and continuous recording for use in medium-, high-, and ultra high-voltage systems
(substations) and in power plants
1 x Fast-scan recorder
2 x Slow-scan recorder
5 x Continuous recorder
2 x Trend recorder
• Event recorder for binary signals for monitoring of diverse components, such as circuit breakers, discon-
nectors, etc.
• Flexible routing:
- Any desired routing of the measured values on each recorder
- Free combination of the measuring groups for the power calculation
• Creation of flexible trigger conditions through use of logic block charts (Continuous Function Chart)
1.4.1 DIGSI 5
Description
DIGSI 5 is the versatile engineering tool for parameterization, commissioning, and operating all SIPROTEC 5
devices. Its innovative user interface includes context-sensitive user instructions. Simple connection to the
device via USB and Ethernet IF enables you to work with a device easily and efficiently. The full capabilities
of DIGSI 5 are revealed when you connect it to a network of protection devices: Then you can work with all of
the devices in a substation in one project.
DIGSI 5 offers superior usability and is optimized for your work processes. Only the information you actually
need to carry out your tasks is shown. These can be reduced further via expanded filter mechanisms. Consis-
tent use of sophisticated and standardized mechanisms in the user interfaces requires less training. DIGSI 5
is tailored to specific requirements. The free software variant DIGSI 5 Compact offers everything that is
required for a single device. The DIGSI 5 Standard Version is suitable for complex scenarios with several
devices. DIGSI 5 Premium contains the full functionality you need to raise your productivity to a new level.
Description
Siemens SICAM PQS allows all fault records and network quality data (PQ data) to be analyzed in one
system. The protection of power distribution equipment is crucial in assuring a reliable electricity supply. The
user expects full availability of electrical energy at a consistently high standard of quality. Thus, for power-
system protection, for example, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between critical load cases
and short-circuits with minimum fault currents. The demands on optimum use and the corresponding parame-
terization of protection devices are rising. Intensive evaluation of available information from secondary equip-
ment using fault recorders is therefore essential. This is the only way to ensure today's currently high levels of
reliability and availability in electricity transmission and distribution systems for the future as well. Additionally,
the growing use of power electronics often has a noticeable impact on power quality. The result is poor power
quality, which can cause interruptions, production outages, and high follow-up costs.
Compliance with the generally valid quality criteria for electricity-supply systems as defined in standards (for
example, EN 50160) is therefore vital. The basis must be reliable recording and assessment of all quality
parameters. Weak points and potential fault sources can be identified early on and systematically eliminated.
With the software solution SICAM PQS, Siemens is setting new standards: For the first time, it is possible to
evaluate and archive centrally all network quality data from the bay level with one integrated software solution
in a vendor-neutral manner. This gives you a quick and uncomplicated overview of the quality of your system.
With SICAM PQS, you can keep an eye on all relevant data: Fault records as well as all network quality
measured data. For combined applications, SICAM PQS is also easy to expand to a substation automation
system.
User Benefit
• Intuitive usability
• Online comparison of sampled PQ data with standard and customer-specific transmission code
templates
• Automatic analysis and report creation for violations of the power-quality criteria
• Spatially distributed options for the monitoring and evaluation of PQ measured data
• Different communication standards and interfaces for device connection and for the acquisition of
process data (Ethernet TCP/IP, serial interfaces)
• Data exchange via OPC for the connection to office desktop computers
[dw7keebe-161012-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Architecture
SICAM PQS is suitable for varied use in energy supply or industrial facilities due to its modular system struc-
ture.
• System with
– Full servers
– Archive computers with (Collector) archive
– SICAM PQ Analyzer Clients
The number of components which can be used in a system depends on the individual license.
(Source) Archive
The Full Server collects PQ measured data and fault records from connected devices and stores them in its
local (source) archive. This archive data can be directly evaluated by one or several SICAM PQ Analyzer(s).
(Collector) Archive
In distributed systems with one or several Full Servers, the data in the (source) archives is collected by the
SICAM PQ Analyzer Collector and stored in a central (Collector) archive on an archive computer. This
archive data is evaluated by one or more SICAM PQ Analyzer(s).
[dwcollec-151012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 1-2 Configuration Options with SICAM PQS System with Full Servers, SICAM PQ Analyzer
Clients and (Collector) Archive
• The circuit breaker of the generator closes. In this time range, possible errors, such as incorrect phase
sequence or insufficient synchronization, must be registered. Use of the Fast-scan recorder is necessary
in this case, too.
• There is a short circuit on the generator or in the transmission system, after the generator was coupled
with the electrical power system and ran without interruption. Use of the function Fast-scan recorder is
helpful in this case, too. The cause of the short circuit on the generator can be analyzed with the record-
ings.
• Local or entire system power swings occur. These oscillations can severely stress the generator shaft, if,
for example, the use of electronic restraint measures (Power System Stabilizer (PSS)) is not provided or
the calibration of the electronics is faulty. These failures can be recorded precisely with the functions
Slow-scan recorder and Continuous recorder. The process quantities (power, frequency, RMS values of
the fundamental component of currents and voltages and of symmetric components) form a special
characteristic with which the electronic signals of the PSS and other important quantities, such as the
excitation current of the generator, the steam pressure etc., can be recorded. Finally, these signals can
be compared and evaluated with the history of the RMS value of the voltage and the current.
• Power swing cycles between the power plant and transmission system can lead to severe damage to
the generator if they are not detected in time and shut down. This job is performed by the distance
protection equipment. With the use of the Slow-scan recorder function, the network status can be
precisely recorded before, during and after the power swing cycle. If, in parallel to this, the function is
activated, it is possible to clarify, for example, whether a closer or more distant short circuit in the
network was the cause for the trip of this power swing, or load or generator shedding which put the
network in this state.
• The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) function is used for monitoring large transmission systems. With
this, the phasors of the power-system voltage, the line current and the power frequency are calculated
precisely and provided with a time stamp. The calculated data are sent continuously to a computer via a
communication channel, the Phasor-Data Concentrator (PDC). The data of several PMUs are processed
and evaluated in the PDC so that bottlenecks in the transmission system, line overloads, etc., can be
determined.
• The Continuous recorder function is used to examine the long-term stability of power-system voltage
and power frequency. With these registration functions, the long-term history of the currents and
voltages, the active and reactive power, the power frequency and other important network variables can
be recorded. With the use of the Continuous recorder registration function, it is possible to adapt the
recordings to be more comprehensive and informative.
As described previously, through the use of a modern fault recorder and proper use of the corresponding
functions, the electrical events in and around the power plant can be recorded precisely and then analyzed.
• Common-mode reactors at the beginning and end of transmission lines form a resonant circuit with the
line capacity and /or with a longitudinal condenser. If a line is shut off, then resonant oscillations can
exist, which last several network periods. For 1-pole short interruptions, these oscillations of the meas-
ured values of protection devices can be significantly corrupted and thus cause unwanted tripping. For
this reason the resonant oscillations must be recorded and analyzed after switching off the lines with the
function Fast-scan recorder.
• Inductance of voltage transformers and scatter capacities in switchgears (busbars, lines) can lead to
ferroresonance effects. These problems are not registered under normal conditions of protection
devices. If these problems are not detected and counter measures implemented in a timely manner,
significant damage can result in the switchgear, such as the explosion of voltage transformers. For regis-
tration of these processes, the function Fast-scan recorder is necessary.
• Measurements over large areas of the transmission system (Wide Area Monitoring) can be performed
with the functions Slow-scan recorder and Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). The objective of the meas-
urements is the detection of power fluctuations and power swing cycles as well as voltage and frequency
stability problems.
• Increasingly, the use of continuous recorders is growing. With these functions, the long-term stability
problems can be analyzed in detail. These measurements form a solid foundation for expensive invest-
ments such as the procurement of compensation systems (SVC).
• The availability and quality of the power supply is very important for power distribution utilities. To
monitor the voltage quality (also known as Power Quality (PQ)) over a long period of time, the Trend
recorder function must be used. With this function, the long-term behavior of voltages (fluctuations in
frequency, voltage, short-term voltage changes, transients, signal distortions, etc.) can be precisely
recorded. Using the Trend recorder function contributes to a high-quality and reliable energy supply. An
analysis according to EN 50160 can be mapped using the averaged values (frequency: 10 s; short-term
flicker strength over 10 minutes and long-term flicker strength over 2 hours).
[dwnetzve-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The availability of certain settings and setting options depends on the device type and the functions avail-
able on the device!
Several predefined function packages that are tailored to specific applications exist for each device family. A
predefined functional scope is called an application template. The existing application templates are offered
for selection automatically when you create a new device in DIGSI 5.
Application Template
When creating the device in DIGSI 5, you must specify the hardware configuration of the device. DIGSI 5
then automatically offers the appropriate 7KE85 application template for the selected hardware configuration.
Select one of the offered application templates.
See also Chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope.
The number and type of function groups differ in the respective application templates, depending on the appli-
cation. You can add, create, or even delete user-specific function groups. You can also adapt the functional
scope within a function group according to the use case. Detailed information on this can be found under
DIGSI 5 online help.
measuring point(s) and the corresponding measurands have to be used by which function within the function
group.
The user can change the assignment as needed, that is, function groups can be assigned to any available
measuring points of the device.
A detailed description of the assignment of the measuring points on the function groups are in chapter
7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in DIGSI 5 .
• Example of a function with several function blocks: The Voltage trigger function consists of the function
blocks V Fund. Trig, Trig. V RMS, V0 Trigger, V1 Trigger and V2 Trigger
Each function block and each function (without function blocks) can be individually switched into specific
operating modes (for example, switch on/off). This is termed function control and is explained in chapter
2.3 Function Control .
To adjust the functionality to the specific application, functions and function blocks can be added, created,
and deleted (see Chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope).
NOTE
i The routing of the signals in the application templates is a recommendation. The routing can be changed
or expanded at any time.
• Function settings
Siemens recommends the Single-line configuration Editor to adjust the functional scope.
Complete missing functionalities from the Global DIGSI 5 Library. Then, the default settings of the added
functionality are active. You can copy within a device and between devices as well. Settings and routings are
also copied when you copy functionalities.
NOTE
i If you delete a parameterized function group, function, or function block from the device, all settings and
routings will be lost. The function group, function, or function block can be added again, but then, the
default settings are active.
In most cases, the adjustment of the functional scope consists of adding and deleting functions, tripping
stages, and function blocks. As previously described, the functions, tripping stages, and function blocks auto-
matically connect themselves to the measuring points assigned to the function group.
In a few cases, it may be necessary to add a feeder function group. You must still connect the voltage and
the current/voltage function groups to one or more measuring points (see chapter 2.1 Function Embedding in
the Device).
Functions, tripping stages, function blocks, and function groups can be added up to a certain maximum
number. The maximum number can be found in the respective function and function-group descriptions.
Function Points
Function points (FP) are assigned to specific functions, but not to other functions. Further information can be
found in the description of application templates, in the chapter Application templates 4.1 Overview.
The device is supplied with the acquired function-point credit. Functions with function points can be loaded
into the device only within the available function-point credit. The functional scope cannot be loaded into the
device if the required number of points of the functional scope is higher than the function-point credit. You
must either delete functions or upgrade the function-point credit of the device.
The current function point consumption can be queried in DIGSI 5 using the menu item Device information
diagram in the tab Resource consumption. The number of function points which functions or function blocks
require is found in Table 4-1.
• Siemens will provide you with a signed license file for your device, either via e-mail or for downloading.
• Use DIGSI 5 to load the signed license file into your device. The procedure is described in the Online
Help of DIGSI 5.
NOTE
i Simplifying Functions and Function control will be discussed in the following. The description also applies
to tripping stage control and function block control.
Functions can be switched to different operating modes. You use the parameter Mode to define whether you
want a function to run (On) or not Off). In addition, you can temporarily block a function or switch it into test
mode (parameter Mode = test) for the purpose of commissioning. In test mode the fault records are marked
with a test flag.
The function shows the current status – such as an Alarm – via the status signal.
The following explains the different operating modes and mechanisms and how you set the functions into
these modes. The function control is shown in the following figure. It is standardized for all fault recorder func-
tions. Therefore, this control is not discussed further in the individual function descriptions.
[losteuer-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
State Control
You can control the state of a function via the parameter Mode and the input superordinate state.
You set the specified operating state of the function via the parameter Mode. The function mode can be set to
On, Off , and Test. The operating state is described in Table 2-5. You can set the parameter Mode via:
• DIGSI 5
Status (Health)
The status indicates whether a selected function is capable of its designated functionality. If so, the status is
OK. If, due to the device's state or problems within the device, the functionality is possible only to a limited
extent or not at all, the status will indicate Warning (limited functionality) or Alarm (no functionality).
Internal self-supervision can cause the functions to assume the Alarm status (see chapter Supervision
Functions). If a function assumes the Alarm status, it is no longer active (indication inactive is gener-
ated).
Only a few functions can signal the Warning status. The Warning status results from function-specific moni-
toring and is - if available - described in the function description. If a function assumes the Warning status, it
will remain active, that is, the function can continue to work in a conditional manner and trip in the case of a
protection function.
Inactive
The indication Inactive signals that a function is currently not working. The indication Inactive is gener-
ated in the following cases:
• Function is switched off
• Status of the function is in Alarm state
2.4 Text Structure and Reference Number for Parameter and Indications
Each parameter and each indication has a unique reference number within every SIPROTEC 5 device. The
reference number gives you a clear reference, for example, between an indication entry in the buffer of the
device and the corresponding description in the manual. You can find the reference numbers in this docu-
ment, for example, in the application and setting notes, in the logic diagrams, and in the parameter and infor-
mation lists.
In order to form unique test and reference numbers, every function group, function, function block, and indica-
tion or parameter has a text and a number. This means that structured overall texts and numbers are created.
The structure of the text and reference number is in accordance with the hierarchy, already shown in chapter
2.1 Function Embedding in the Device .
• Function group:Function:Function Block:Indication
• Function group:Function:Function Block:Parameter
The colon serves as a structure element to separate the hierarchy levels. Depending on the functionality, not
all hierarchy levels are always available. Function Group and Function block are optional. Since the same
type of function groups, functions as well as function blocks can be created several times, a so-called
instance number is added to these elements
EXAMPLE
The structure of the text and reference number is shown for the parameter dM/dt rise active and the
indication Health of the function Voltage trigger in the VI 3-phase function group. Function and function
group are only present once in the device (in the DIGSI 5 library). The representation is very simplified.
[dwlofbem-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 2-2 Function Voltage Trigger in the Fault Recorder Function Group
The following table shows the text and numbers of involved hierarchy elements:
Name Number of the type Instance number
Function group VI 3-phase 2 1
Function Voltage trigger 155 1
Function block V Fund. Trig. 1 957 1
Parameter dM/dt rise active 103 –
Indication Health 53 –
The structure is simplified accordingly for parameter and indications with fewer hierarchy levels.
3.1 Indications 42
3.2 Measured-Value Acquisition 65
3.3 Processing of Quality Attributes 67
3.4 Date and Time Synchronization 78
3.5 User-Defined Objects 83
3.6 Other Functions 87
3.7 General Notes for Setting the Threshold Value of Trigger Functions 90
3.1 Indications
3.1.1 General
During operation, indications deliver information about operational states. These include:
• Measured data
• Power-system data
• Device supervisions
• Device functions
NOTE
i All indications are assigned to certain device functions. The text of each indication contains the corre-
sponding function designation. You will find explanations of the meaning of indications in the corre-
sponding device functions. However, you can also define indications yourself and group them into your
own function blocks. These can be set by binary inputs or CFC logic.
Reading Indications
To read the indications of your SIPROTEC 5 device you can use the on-site operation panel of the device or
a PC on which you have installed DIGSI 5. The subsequent section describes the general procedure.
Procedure
The menus of the logs begin with a header and 2 numbers at the top right corner of the display. The number
after the forward slash signifies the total number of indications available. The number before the forward
slash indicates the position the selected or displayed indications has in the list. The end of the indication list is
closed with the entry ***END***.
[sc7kevor-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
² To reach the desired log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel.
² Navigate inside the log using the navigation keys (top/bottom). You will find the most current indication
at the top of the list. The selected indication is shown with a dark background.
² Which indications can be shown in the selected log depends on the assignments in the DIGSI 5 informa-
tion routing matrix or is pre-defined.
You will find information about this in the chapter 3.1.5.1 General .
² Every indication contains date, time and its state as additional information.
² In some logs you are given the option of deleting the entire indication list by softkey in the footer of the
display.
To know more about this, read chapter 3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log .
NOTE
Procedure
² To read the indications with DIGSI 5 your PC must be connected via the USB user interface of the on-
site operation panel or via an Ethernet interface of the device. A direct connection to your PC can be
established via the Ethernet interfaces. It is also possible to access all connected SIPROTEC 5 devices
via a data network from your DIGSI 5 PC.
² To reach the desired logs of the SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project-tree window. If you have not set
up the device within a project, you can also attain this via Online access.
² After selecting the desired log, you are shown the last state of the log loaded from the device. To
update, it is necessary to synchronize with the log in the device.
² To execute a synchronization with the logs, click the appropriate button in the headline of the log (see
the following figure).
[sc7kemel-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
You will find additional information about the deletion and saving of logs in chapter 3.1.10 Saving and
Deleting the Log .
² To determine a relative time for all other indications, you can reference the display of log entries, if
needed, to the real time of a certain entry. The real-time stamps of events remain unaffected.
² For this purpose, click the appropriate button in the headline of the log (see Figure 3-2).
Displayed indications in DIGSI 5 and on the on-site operation panel are supplemented with the following infor-
mation:
Quality Meaning
good Indication is valid
invalid Indication is invalid
Cause Meaning
Data change Value change in an indication
Data update Update of indication value
General interrogation General interrogation
Cyclic Cyclical general inquiry
Quality change Change of the indication quality
Initiator Meaning
Maintenance Maintenance
Process Device operation (normal)
3.1.5 Logs
3.1.5.1 General
Indications are saved in logs inside the device and are available for later analyses. Different logs allow cate-
gorization of indication logging based on operating states (e.g. operational and fault logs) and based on fields
of application.
Log Logging
Operational log Operational indications
Setting-history log Parameter changes
User-defined log User-defined indication scope
Security log Access with safety relevance
Device-diagnosis log Error of the device (software, hardware) and the connection circuits
Communication Log Status of communication interfaces
Administering Logs
Logs have a ring structure and are automatically managed. If the maximum capacity of a log is exhausted,
the oldest entries disappear before the newest entries. During a supply voltage failure, recorded data are
securely held by means of battery buffering or storage in the flash memory. You can read and analyze the log
from the device with DIGSI 5. The device display and the navigation allow you to read and analyze the logs
on site using keys.
Procedure
• To reach the information routing of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window. Access is
only through the project:
Project → Device → Information Routing
• The routing of the selected indication is done via right click. Select one of the options in the list box
shown:
– Routed (X)
– Unrouted
[sc7kekon-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
For non-configurable logs (for example, setting-history logs) scope and type of logged indications are
described separately (see following chapter about logs).
• System Data
Exceeding or dropping below limiting values generates as an operational indication. Up to 2000 indications
can be stored in the operational log.
• To reach the operational log of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window.
Project → Device → Process Data → Logs → Operational log
• The operational log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device. To update (synchronization
with the device), click the button Read log entries in the headline of the indication list (see the following
figure).
[sc7kebet-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To reach the operational log via the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel.
Main Menu → Indications → Operational indications
• You can navigate on the on-site operation panel using the navigation keys (top/bottom) inside the
displayed indication list.
[schmibet-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-5 Reading the Operational Log on the On-site Operation Panel of the Device
Deletability
The operational log of your SIPROTEC 5 device can be deleted. This is done usually after testing or commis-
sioning the device.
To know more about this, read chapter 3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log .
Configurability
The indication scope of the operational log is configured in a specifically defined column of the information
routing (matrix) of DIGSI 5:
Target → Log → Operational Log column
Selected application templates and functions from the library bring with them a predefined set of operational
indications which you can adjust individually at any time.
• To reach the user-defined log of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window.
Project → Device → Process Data → Log → User logon 1/2
The user-defined log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device.
• To update (synchronization with the device), click the button Read log entries in the headline of the indi-
cation list (see the following figure).
[scanw7ke-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To reach user-specific logs from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel.
Main Menu → Indications → User log 1/2
You can navigate on the on-site operation panel using the navigation keys (top/bottom) inside the displayed
indication list.
[scanwhmi-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-7 Reading the User-Specific Log on the On-Site Operation Panel of the Device
Deletability
The user-defined log of your SIPROTEC 5 device can be deleted.
Read about it in the chapter 3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log .
[scanwinf-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Use the project tree window to access the sequence of events for your SIPROTEC 5 device.
Project → Device → Process Data → Logs → Sequence of events
• The sequence of events log is shown to you in the last loaded state from the device. To update the
device (synchronization with the device), click the button Read log entries in the headline of the indica-
tion list (see the following figure).
[scsoedig-040713-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To access the sequence of events from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation
panel.
Main Menu → Logs → Sequence of events
• You can navigate within the displayed indication list using the navigation keys (up/down) on the on-site
operation panel.
[scsoehmi-040713-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-10 Reading the Sequence of Events on the On-site Operation Panel of the Device
Deletability
The sequence of events for your SIPROTEC 5 device can be deleted.
To know more about this, read chapter 3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log .
Configurability
The indication capacity of the log is configured in a specifically defined column of the information routing
(matrix) of DIGSI 5:
Target → Log → Column Sequence of events
The indication General > Behavior is pre-routed in the selected application templates and functions from the
library.
All individual parameter changes and the downloaded files of entire parameter sets are recorded in the log for
parameter changes. This clarifies whether completed parameter changes are connected to logged events
(e.g. faults). On the other hand, it is possible to prove with fault analyses, for example, that the current status
of all settings actually corresponds to that of the time of the fault. Up to 200 indications can be stored in the
setting-history log.
• To reach the log for parameter changes of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window.
Project → Device → Process Data → Log → Setting-history log
The setting-history log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device.
• To update (synchronization with the device), click the button Read log entries in the headline of the indi-
cation list (see the following figure).
[scparmel-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To reach the setting-history log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation
panel.
Menu → Indications → Setting-history log
• You can navigate on the on-site operation panel using the navigation keys (top/bottom) inside the
displayed indication list.
[scparhmi-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-12 Reading the Setting-history Log on the On-Site Operation Panel of the Device
For this log, there is selected information that is stored in case of successful as well as unsuccessful param-
eter changes.
NOTE
• This log, which is organized as a ring buffer, cannot be deleted by the user!
• If you want to archive security-relevant information from the device without loss of information, you
must regularly read this log.
The logging of the respective status such as ensuing faults, test and diagnosis operation, and communication
capacity utilizations is done for all hardware-based configured communication interfaces. Up to 500 indica-
tions can be stored in the communication log. Logging occurs separately for each communication port of the
configured communication modules.
• Use the project tree window to reach the communication logs of your SIPROTEC 5 device.
Online access → USB → Device → Test suite → Communication module
• The communication indications are displayed when you click the arrow under Time stamp.
The communication log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device.
• To update (synchronization with the device) click the button Update in the headline of the indication list.
[sccompuf-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To reach the communication log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation
panel.
Main Menu → Test & Diagnosis → Indications → Communication log
• You can navigate within the displayed indication list using the navigation keys (up/down) on the on-site
operation panel.
[sckomhmi-230213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-14 Reading the Communication Log on the On-site Operation Panel of the Device
Deletability
The communication logs of your SIPROTEC 5 device can be deleted. Read details about this in the chapter
3.1.10 Saving and Deleting the Log .
Configurability
The communication logs are not freely configurable. The entries are preconfigured.
Access to areas of the device with restricted access rights is recorded in the security log. Unsuccessful and
unauthorized access attempts are also recorded. Up to 500 indications can be stored in the security log.
• To reach the security log of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window.
Project → Device → Device Information → Logs → Security log
The security log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device.
• To update (synchronization with the device) click the button Update in the headline of the indication list.
[scsecuri-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• To reach the security log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel.
Main Menu → Test & Diagnosis → Indications → Security Indication
• You can navigate on the on-site operation panel using the navigation keys (top/bottom) inside the
displayed indication list.
[scsechmi-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-16 Reading the Security Log on the On-site Operation Panel of the Device
NOTE
• This log, which is organized as a ring buffer. cannot be deleted by the user!
• If you want to archive security-relevant information from the device without loss of information, you
must regularly read this log.
The logging and the display of concrete instructions are done in the device-diagnosis log during
• required maintenance (e.g. battery supervision)
• identified hardware defects
• compatibility problems
Up to 500 indications can be stored in the device-diagnosis log. In normal operation of the device, it is suffi-
cient for diagnostic purposes to follow the entries of the operational log. This specific significance is assumed
by the device-diagnosis log when the device is no longer ready for operation due to hardware defect or
compatibility problems and the fallback system is active.
• To reach the device-diagnosis log of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project tree window.
Project → Device → Device Information → Logs → Device-diagnosis log
The device-diagnosis log is shown to you in the state last loaded from the device.
• To update (synchronization with the device) click the button Update in the headline of the indication list.
[scgerdia-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Reading on the Device through the On-Site Operation Panel in Normal Operation
• To reach the diagnosis log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel.
Main Menu → Test & Diagnosis → Indications → Device diagnosis
• You can navigate on the on-site operation panel using the navigation keys (top/bottom) inside the
displayed indication list.
[scgerhmi-230213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-18 Reading the Device-Diagnosis Log on the On-Site Operation Panel of the Device
NOTE
Deleting the logs of the device in the operating state is unnecessary. If storage capacity is no longer sufficient
for new indications, the oldest indications are automatically overwritten with new incoming events. In order for
the memory to contain information about the new faults in the future, for example, after an inspection of the
system, a deletion of the log makes sense. Resetting the logs is done separately for the various logs.
NOTE
i Before you delete the content of a log on your SIPROTEC 5 device, save the log with DIGSI 5 on the hard
disk drive of your PC.
NOTE
i Not all logs of your SIPROTEC 5 device can be deleted. These limitations apply especially to logs with
relevance for security and after-sales (security log, device-diagnosis log, setting-history log).
NOTE
i If the user changes the device configuration (for example, from V04.00 to V06.00) after a firmware update
and loads it into the device, the following logs are deleted automatically after restarting the device:
• Operational log
• User log
• Setting-history log
• To reach the selected log from the main menu, use the navigation keys of the on-site operation panel
(example operational log):
Main Menu → Indications → Operational Indications
[scloebet-220213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-19 Deleting the Operational Log on the On-Site Operation Panel
• You can navigate within the displayed indication list using the navigation keys (up/down) on the on-site
operation panel.
• The option to delete the entire log is offered to you in the footer of the display at the bottom left. Use the
softkeys below under the display to activate the command prompts. Confirm the request to Delete.
• After being prompted, enter the password and confirm with Enter.
• After being prompted, confirm the Deletion of all entries with OK.
• To reach the selected log of your SIPROTEC 5 device, use the project-tree window (for example opera-
tional log).
Project → Device → Process Data → Log → Operational Log
In your SIPROTEC 5 device you can also configure indications as stored. This type of configuration can be
used for LEDs as well as for output contacts. The configured output (LED or contact) is activated until it is
acknowledged. Confirmation occurs via:
• On-site operation panel
• DIGSI 5
• Binary Input
• In the Information Routing of each device set up in DIGSI 5, you can route binary signals, among others,
to LEDs and output contacts. For this, go to the project tree.
Project → Device → Information Routing
• Click the routing field of your binary indication in the desired LED or binary output column in the routing
range of the targets by clicking the right mouse button.
You are offered the following options:
[scresetu-230213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• As needed, enter the confirmation ID when requested and then confirm with the softkey Enter.
• Use Reset LEDs to reset stored LEDs that are not assigned to a special Function group.
• As needed, enter the confirmation ID when requested and then confirm with the softkey Enter.
Depending on device configuration, the function group(s) are displayed to you as submenus for which sepa-
rately corresponding, stored LEDs can be reset.
• Go to the submenu of the selected function group.
• Use Reset LEDs to reset stored LEDs in the selected function group.
• As needed, enter the confirmation ID when requested and then confirm with the softkey Enter.
[scquitti-260213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Click the LED reset button (see the yellow line in the figure).
NOTE
i The confirmation of stored indications then leads to the resetting of configured LEDs and output contacts,
as long as these active unstored indications are present in parallel. I.e., indications configured as unstored
are not affected by the confirmation process.
If the test mode of the device or of individual functions is switched on, the SIPROTEC 5 device marks indica-
tions sent to substation automation technology station control system with an additional test bit. This test bit
makes it possible to determine that an indication was set during a test. Necessary reactions in normal opera-
tion on the basis of an indication can thus be suppressed.
The following figure shows the basics of dealing with sampled values (SAV) in the measured-value acquisi-
tion chain. Figure 3-22 shows to whom the various sampling frequencies are made available. In order to limit
the bandwidth of the input signals, a low-pass filter (anti-aliasing filter to maintain the sampling theorem) is
installed downstream. After sampling, the current input channels are adjusted. This means the magnitude,
phase, as well as the transformer time constant are corrected. The compensation is designed to ensure that
the current transformer terminal blocks can be exchanged randomly between the devices.
[dwmes7ke-210213-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The internal sampling frequency of the SIPROTEC 5 devices is fixed at 16 kHz (sampling rate: 320 samplings
per 50-Hz cycle). All current and voltage inputs are sampled. After the correction of magnitude, phase and
transformer time constant, the 16-kHz sampled values (SAV) are sent to the fast-scan recorder. For RMS-
value calculations, the values are reduced to 8 kHz. For the RMS measurement, the measured-value window
is adjusted on the basis of the power frequency. For numerous Measurement applications, 20 samplings per
cycle are sufficient (if frated = 50 Hz: sampling every 1 ms, at frated = 60 Hz: sampling every 0.833 ms). This
sampling rate is an adequate compromise between accuracy and the parallel processing of the functions
(multi-functionality).
The 20 samplings per cycle will be made available to the algorithms processed in the function groups, in 2
variants:
• Fixed (not resampled)
• Resampled (frequency range from 10 Hz to 80 Hz)
Depending on the algorithms (see function descriptions), the respective data flow is considered. A higher
sampling frequency is used for selected methods of measurement. Detailed information can be found in the
corresponding function description.
NOTE
i The measuring points for current and voltage are in the Power-system data (starting in chapter 5 Power-
System Data). Each measuring point has its own parameters.
3.3.1 Overview
The IEC 61850 standard defines certain quality attributes for data objects (DO), the so-called Quality. The
SIPROTEC 5 system automatically processes some of these quality attributes. In order to satisfy different
applications, you can influence certain quality attributes and also the values of the data objects depending on
these quality attributes. This is how you can ensure the necessary functionality.
The following figure describes roughly the general data flow within a SIPROTEC 5 device. The following
figure also shows at which points the quality can be influenced. The building blocks presented in the figure
are described in more detail in the following.
[loquali1-090212-02.tif, 2, en_US]
• In the Information routing Editor for binary input signals of device-internal functions
The following chapters describe in more detail the options of this influence as well as the automatic quality
processing.
If a GOOSE connection is the data source of a binary input signal of a device-internal function, you can influ-
ence the quality processing at 2 locations: at the GOOSE connection and at the function input signal. This is
based on the following: A GOOSE date can be distributed within the receiving device to several functions.
The GOOSE connection setting (influence) affects all functions. However, if different functions require
customized settings, these are then set directly at the binary input signal of the function.
In the Information Routing editor, you can influence the data value and quality of all data types. The following
figure shows the possible influence using the example of an DPC data type.
• In the DIGSI 5 project tree, double-click Information Routing.
• Select the desired signal in the External Signals group.
• Open the Properties window and select the Processing Quality Attributes sheet.
Figure 3-24 Influence Option When Linking an DPC Type Data Object
The setting options work for the device receiving the data.
Quality Attribute: Validity
The validity values reserved and questionable are replaced at the receiving end by the invalid
value.
• Check box is not set. The validity attribute and data value are forwarded
• Check box is set and receipt of Validity = good without change.
Check box is set and receipt of Validity = invalid is • The validity attribute is set to good and
set (also applies to values reserved and ques- processed further using this value.
tionable). • The data value is set to the defined substitute
value and processed further using this substitute
value.
In DIGSI 5, you can control quality processing of CFC charts. In the project tree, you can find the CFC block
(see the following figure) under Device name → Settings → Device settings in the editor:
With the CFC quality handling parameter, you control whether you want to influence the quality of CFC
charts in a Manual or Automatic (default setting) manner.
If you select Manual, the quality attribute of the CFC chart is always valid regardless of the quality of indi-
vidual signals (Validity = good)!
Only the Test quality attribute of the CFC chart is processed. If the device is in test mode or the input TEST of
the CHART_STATE CFC block is set, the quality attribute of the CFC chart is set to Test.
If you select Automatic, the quality processing of the CFC charts is influenced as follows:
In the case of CFC charts, a distinction has to be made between the general quality processing and certain
CFC blocks that are specifically designed for quality processing.
General Processing
Most of the CFC blocks do not have an explicit quality processing. For these blocks, the following general
mechanisms shall apply.
Quality Attribute: Validity
If one invalid signal is received in the case of CFC input data, then all CFC output data will also be set to
invalid if they originate from building blocks without explicit quality processing. In other words, the quality
is not processed sequentially from building block to building block but the output data are set globally.
This does not apply to CFC output data that originate from building blocks with explicit quality processing
(see next section).
1)A CFC chart can be switched to the test state by switching the entire device to test mode or the input TEST
of the CHART_STATE CFC chart is set.
Quality Attribute: OperatorBlocked
CFC chart is in normal state. In CFC charts for incoming data, the OperatorBlocked attribute
is ignored.
CFC chart is in functionally logged off1) In CFC charts for incoming data, the OperatorBlocked attribute
state . is ignored. All CFC output data are labeled as functionally
logged off.
1)This state only occurs if the device is functionally logged off. In this case, the quality attributes of all CFC
outputs are labeled as functionally logged off.
CFC charts have a standard behavior in the processing of signals. If an input signal of the CFC chart has the
quality invalid, all output signals of the CFC chart also get the quality invalid. This standard behavior is
not desirable in some applications. If you use the building blocks for quality processing, the quality attributes
of the input signals in the CFC chart are processed.
[sccfcran-220415-01, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-26 CFC Chart with Building Blocks for Quality Processing (Switchgear Interlocking via GOOSE)
If you do not want to convert the invalid release signal to a valid signal, as described, during the communica-
tion interruption, you can also assign a defined data value to the release signal. Proceed as follows: With the
SPLIT_SPS building block, split the input signal (data type = SPS) into data value and quality information.
Link the VALID output of the SPLIT_SPS building block with the data value of the input signal (AND gate).
This way, you can set the value to a non-risk state with the valid input signals. In the example, the output of
the CFC chart is set to the value FALSE when the input signal is invalid.
Figure 3-27 provides an overview for processing the quality of data objects within a device-internal function.
A function can receive internal data or input data that is routable by the user (binary input signal or double
commands). The respective quality attributes supported are evaluated by the function on the input side. The
attributes are not passed through the specific algorithm/the specific logic of the function. The output data are
supplied with a quality that is specified by the function state and device-operating mode.
[loquali3-100611-01.tif, 2, en_US]
[loquali2-230212-01.tif, 2, en_US]
For this signal type (SPS), you can influence the processing of the quality, see overview in Figure 3-27 .
The following figure shows the possible influence on a binary input signal of a recorder.
• In the DIGSI 5 project tree, double-click Information routing.
• In the operating range, select the desired binary input signal.
• In the Properties window, select the Details entry. There, you will find the item Processing quality attrib-
utes.
[sc7kequa-270612-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-29 Influence Options for a Binary Input Signal (SPS Input Signal)
Output Data
The quality is not processed through the actual algorithm/logic of the function. The following table displays the
conditions required to set the quality of output signals of a function.
Cause D0 Value Quality Attribute
After internal (to the To the IEC 61850
SIPROTEC 5 interface, in buffer
system, for
example, in the
direction of a CFC
chart)
Functional state = Test Unchanged Test = TRUE Test = TRUE
(thus, result of device operating
mode = Test or function mode
= Test)
Functional state = Off Function-specific, corre- Validity = good Validity = invalid
(thus, result of device operating sponding to the definition for
mode = Off) switched off
Function health = Alarm Function-specific, corre- Validity = good Validity = invalid
(for example, result of invalid sponding to the definition for
receive data) reset
Device operating mode = func- Unchanged Validity = good Validity = good
tionally logged off OperatorBlocked = detailQual =
TRUE oldData
OperatorBlocked =
TRUE
Timely recording of process data requires precise time synchronization of the devices. The integrated date/
time synchronization allows the exact chronological assignment of events to an internally managed device
time that is used to time stamp events in logs, which are then transmitted to a substation automation tech-
nology . A clock module internal to the device and having battery backup is synchronized cyclically with the
current device time so that the right device time is available and used even in case of auxiliary-voltage failure.
At the same time, this permits hardware-supported monitoring of the device time.
The integrated date/time synchronization is a supervisory device function. Setting parameters and indications
can be found in the following menus for the DIGSI and the device:
Set date and time:
• DIGSI: Online access -> Interface -> Device -> Device Information -> Time Information
• Device: Main menu → Device functions → Date & Time
Parameter:
• DIGSI: Project -> Device -> Parameter -> Time Settings
Indications:
• DIGSI: Project -> Device -> Information routing ->Time keeping or Time Sync.
Every SIPROTEC 5 device maintains an internal device time with date. The date and time can also be set on
the device via the on-site operation panel or via DIGSI 5. Within a system, or even beyond, it is usually
necessary to record the time of process data accurately and to have exact time synchronization of all devices.
For SIPROTEC 5 devices, the sources of time and synchronization options can be configured.
• Telegram
The time is synchronized via a telegram with an appropriately configured communication interface in
accordance with the IEC 60870-5-103 or DNP3 protocol.
• Ethernet
The time synchronization is done via Ethernet-based SNTP protocol (Simple Network Time Protocol), for
example with IEC 61850 stations. If you enable both services during configuration of Ethernet interfaces,
these protocols are available as an option for the time synchronization.
• 2 time sources can be taken into consideration with the SIPROTEC 5 devices. For each time source, the
synchronization type may be selected based on the options provided.
• Time source 1 takes precedence over Time source 2, that is, Time source 2 will be effective
for the synchronization of the device time only if Time source 1 fails. If only one time source is avail-
able and it fails, then only the internal clock continues unsynchronized. The status of the time sources is
indicated.
• For every time source it is possible to define via the Time zone time source 1 parameter (or Time
zone time source 2) if this source transmits its time by UTC (universal time) or if the settings corre-
spond to the local time zone of the device.
NOTE
i Make sure that the settings for the time sources coincide with the actual hardware configuration of your
SIPROTEC 5 device. In any event, incorrect settings cause the status indications of time sources to pick
up.
• Year-Month-Day: 2009-12-24
NOTE
i • For time sources that transmit the status of the switch to daylight saving time, this will be taken into
account automatically when creating the internal device time in the UTC format. The differential time
of the daylight saving time set in the device (parameter Offset daylight saving time) is taken into
consideration. However, in contrast, the settings of the start of daylight saving time and end of the
daylight saving times are ignored when converting into the device internal UTC format.
• For active time sources, it is not possible to set the time via the device display or DIGSI 5. An excep-
tion is setting the calendar year for active time protocol IRIG-B.
Indication Description
Device: This indication signals a high difference between the
Clock fail internally managed time and the time of the clock
module that is not permissible. The triggering of the
indication can point to a defect in the clock module or
to an unacceptable high drift of the system quartz
crystal. The time maintained internally is marked as
invalid.
Time management: This indication signals whether daylight saving time
Daylight saving time has been enabled.
Time management: This indication signals that the device time has been
Clock set manually set manually via the on-site operation panel or via
DIGSI 5.
Time synchronization: These 2 indications signal whether the active time
Status time source 1 sources are recognized as valid and active from the
Status time source 2 device point of view. When the indications get trig-
gered, it can also be an indication that an incorrect
configuration of the port or channel numbers was
done at the on-site operation panel.
Time synchronization: This indication signals after the parameterized time
Time sync. error Fault indication after that synchronization
using an external time source has failed.
Time synchronization: This indication signals that the device is synchronized
High accuracy with an accuracy better than 1 μs. The indication is
only of significance when the PMU function is used.
NOTE
i In case of a missing or discharged battery, the device starts without active external time synchronization
with the device time 2011-01-01 00:00:00 (UTC).
For the device, DIGSI 5 provides a compact overview of the status of the time synchronization of your
SIPROTEC 5 device in online mode. All displays are updated continuously. You can access the overview in
the project-tree window via Online access.
DIGSI: Online access -> Interface -> Device -> Device Information -> Time Information
[sctimedg-220415, 1, en_US]
• Whether the device time is currently synchronized from the time source
The lower section displays the device time, which is continuously updated. If the internal device time and the
infeed time source were synchronous at the time of telegram receipt, both displayed times are identical.
NOTE
i All times displayed (also the time source) take into consideration the local time settings (zone and daylight
saving time of the device) in the form of a numerical offset for UTC (universal time).
3.4.4 Settings
3.5.1 Overview
Within a User-defined function group, you can use the User-defined function block and the User-defined func-
tion block [Control] to group user-defined objects that you find in the DIGSI 5 library under User-defined func-
tions.
With user-defined function groups and user-defined functions, a grouping of user-defined objects, for
example, user-defined function blocks, can be performed. 2 user-defined function blocks are available (see
following figure).
[scudef_lib, 1, en_US]
You can insert single-point indications, pickup and operate indications (ACD, ACT), single or double
commands, commands with a controllable whole number as well as measured values in the User-defined
function block (see following figure). You can assign a superordinate name to the grouping (for example,
Process indications, for a group of single-point indications that are read in via binary inputs). This function can
be deactivated via the mode. Readiness is also evaluated and represented.
The user-defined function can be instantiated both at the highest level (in parallel to other function groups)
and within the function groups and functions.
A User-defined function block [control] is also available. In addition to the mentioned option of a general User-
defined function block, this block offers additional tests for user-defined control signals, for example, SPC or
DP.
[scbenutz-260912-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-32 Information Routing Through Use of Added User-Defined Function Block: Process Indications
and Single-Point Indications
The following data types are available for user-defined objects in the DIGSI 5 library under the heading User-
defined signals.
EXAMPLE
Acquisition using binary input, further processing in a CFC and/or signaling using an LED.
[scspsfas-140613-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-33 Single-Point Indication SPS Unsaved (Example: 7KE85 Fault Recorder)
EXAMPLE
Acquisition of a disconnector or circuit-breaker switch position.
EXAMPLE
The output of the CFC block ADD_D can, for example, be connected with the data type INS. The result can
be shown on the display of the device.
NOTE
i Additional data types can be found under other headings in the DIGSI 5 library as well as in the corre-
sponding function blocks. This applies to the following data types:
• Pulse-metered values (see User-defined functions in the DIGSI 5 library)
• Metered values
The following data types are also used in the system, but they are not contained in the information catalog for
general use:
• ENC (Enumerated Setting Controllable)
The data type ENC models a command with which the user can set predefined values.
• SEQ (Sequence)
Input signals can be filtered to suppress brief changes at the binary input. Chatter blocking can be used to
prevent continuously changing indications from forming a jam in the event list. In addition, an overload situa-
tion is avoided using chatter blocking. After an adjustable number of changes, the indication is blocked for a
certain period.
The settings for indication filtering can be found at the individual signals. The next figure shows the parame-
ters using the example of an input signal.
[sc7keson-260213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The setting range for the Software filtering time parameter ranges from 0 ms to 86 400 000 ms (1
day) in ms increments. The Retrigger filter check box can be used to select whether the software filter should
be restarted by a change from 1 to 0 and back. When activated, the Indication timestamp before filtering
check box back dates the time stamp by the set software filtering time and the fixed hardware filtering time. In
this case, the time stamp corresponds to the actual status change of the signal.
Chatter blocking can be activated or deactivated as a parameter of the position in the General function block.
The parameters for the chatter blocking are set centrally the same for the entire device in DIGSI. in the
Device settings (see the next figure for this).
[scfla7ke-260213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The chatter-blocking settings have the following meaning (see Figure 3-36):
• Number of permissible status changes
This number specifies how often the state of a signal may toggle within the chatter-test time and the
chatter-checking time. If this number is exceeded, the signal will be or remains blocked.
Enter a number from 0 to 65535 in this field. If the entry is 0, chatter blocking is essentially inactive.
[dwflatsp-140212-01.tif, 1, en_US]
3.7 General Notes for Setting the Threshold Value of Trigger Functions
3.7.1 Overview
You can set the threshold values of trigger functions directly on the device or by using DIGSI 5.
An innovative design was implemented for the settings.
You can switchover the edit mode between the following setting views:
• Primary
• Secondary
• Percent
If you change settings in a setting view, DIGSI 5 calculates the settings of the 2 inactive views in the back-
ground. If you wish to save, for example, conversion to secondary values, then select the primary view.
Configure all the settings and switchover to the secondary view.
NOTE
i If other reference values are used, then this is documented for the respective function in the chapter Appli-
cation and Setting Notes.
The following setting example shows how you can change the transformer ratio in DIGSI 5, and what impact
this has on the settings in the setting views Primary and Secondary. The setting is seen in the example of the
3-phase voltage/current function.
The following output data are assumed:
Voltage transformer: 400 kV/100 V
Threshold value dM/dt falling: 20 V
The following figure shows the setting of the trigger function Trig. V Fund. in the secondary view. The
threshold value of the stage is set to 20 V.
[sc7kemod-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
When you click the green arrow in the setting sheet at the upper left, you get to the window for switching over
to the setting view (see the following figure). Select the setting view you prefer.
[sc7keger-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The following figures show the setting sequence in the Primary edit mode. Set the transformer data in the
Power-system data in the Measuring point V 3ph tab. In the example, the current transformer has a transfor-
mation ratio of 400 kV/100 V.
[scwanspa-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
You set the rated current and rated voltage in the 3-phase voltage/current function group, in the General func-
tion block (see the following figure). Rated current and rated voltage are the reference parameters for the
percent setting.
[sc7kepro-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The following figures shows the threshold value of the trigger function V fund. in the primary view with a
filtering time of 80 kV.
[scugrpri-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-41 Example for the Threshold Value of the Voltage Trigger Tripping Stage (Edit Mode: Primary)
[scugrpr0-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-42 Example for the Threshold Value of the Voltage Trigger Tripping Stage (Edit Mode: Percent)
When switching over to the secondary view, the result should be the following value:
80 kV/(400 kV/100 V) = 20 V
[scugrsek-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-43 Example for the Threshold Value of the Voltage Trigger Tripping Stage (Edit Mode: Secon-
dary)
[sc5amper-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Change the secondary rated current of the current transformer in the setting sheet of the transformer data
from 1 A to 5 A in the Power-system data in the Measuring point I-3ph (Edit mode: Secondary).
[scabfrag-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
If you change the transformer data, a window will appear (see the following figure) that will ask you for the
action desired.
[scabf7ke-130912-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-46 Query after Changing the Transformer Data (Setting View: Secondary)
If you answer the question with Yes, then DIGSI 5 will recalculate the filtering time (threshold values) in the
active secondary view. For the new secondary transformer current 5 A, the new secondary threshold value
obtained is 1.50 A (0.300 A x· 5 A = 1.50 A ). The primary and percent values remain unchanged.
The following figure shows the newly calculated threshold value in the secondary view.
[sc1amper-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 3-47 Automatically Recalculated Secondary Values After Changes in the Current Transformer Data
If you have already set the settings in the secondary view by including the new transformation ratio of the
transformer in the calculation, then you answer the question with No. In this case all the settings in the secon-
dary view remain unchanged. DIGSI 5 recalculates the settings (threshold values) of the primary view. In the
example, the primary filtering time is then 300 A (1.5 A 1000 A/5 A = 300 A).
In the example, the current-transformer ratio changes from 1000 A/1 A to 1000 A/5 A. The following table
summarizes the pickup values that DIGSI 5 will recalculate in the setting view. The new values (in bold)
depend on your answer of the query (see Figure 3-46).
Reply to the Question
Yes No
Threshold value, secondary (active setting view) 1.5 A 0.30 A
Threshold value, primary (covered setting view) 300 A 60 A
The secondary value is the default setting for the device. You may directly set only secondary values on the
device.
If you change transformer data directly on the device, it is not followed by a query, like in DIGSI (see
Figure 3-46). Instead, the device assumes that all settings remain unchanged in the secondary view.
NOTE
i If the device works with IEC 61850 protocol, you change the transformer data only via DIGSI 5 and not
directly on the device. If you change the transformer data directly on the device, the IEC 61850 configura-
tion of the measurement and metered values can be faulty.
4.1 Overview
The function library in DIGSI 5 provides application templates for the applications of the fault recorders. The
application template
• Contains the basic configuration for a specific use case
• Contains functions and default settings for a specific use case
Chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional Scope describes am example for the structure of
an application template.
When using an application template, please note the following:
• Adapt the signal routings by adding and removing routings to specific recorders.
• Adapt the application template to your specific use (check/adapt default settings, delete/add functions).
You can find more detailed information in the 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/Functional
Scope.
• Check the routing of binary outputs with respect to fast and normal relays.
• Check the CFC charts for the group-warning indications and group-fault indications.
4.2 Application Template and Functional Scope for the Fault Recorder
Application templates are available in DIGSI 5 for the applications of the fault recorder. The application
template contains the basic configurations, required functions, and default settings.
To load the application templates to the device, the following minimum hardware configuration requirements
must be met:
Application Template
Template 1 Fault Recorder N1: 1/3, 11 BIs, 9 BOs, 4I, 4V
Template 2 Fault Recorder N5: 1/2, 19 BIs, 15 BOs, 8I, 8V
Template 3 Fault Recorder N6: 1/1, 43 BIs, 33 BOs, 20I, 20V
Template 4 Fault Recorder N2: 1/3, 11 BIs, 3 BOs, 8V
The following table shows the functional scope and the function-point requirements of the application
templates for the fault recorders:
Table 4-1 Functional Scope of the Application Templates for the Fault Recorder
Template 1
Template 2
Template 3
Template 4
Hardware quantity structure expandable (I/O) – 1 1 1 1
FG Voltage (FG V) – 0 0 0 2
FG Voltage/Current (FG VI) – 1 2 5 0
FG ComModule – 1 1 1 1
FG Recording – 1 1 1 1
FG Simulation – 1 1 1 1
FG Analog units – 0 0 0 0
Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) 40 0 0 0 0
Power-system data (power system) – 1 1 1 1
Fast-scan recorder – 1 1 1 1
Slow-scan recorder* 40 1 1 1 1
Continuous recorder* 25 1 1 1 1
Trend recorder* 25 0 0 0 0
Measured values, extended: Min, max, – 0 0 0 0
average
Voltage trigger – 1 2 5 2
Current trigger – 1 2 5 0
Frequency trigger – 1 2 5 2
Power trigger – 1 2 5 0
Recorder routing VI – 1 2 5 0
Recorder routing V – 0 0 0 2
PQ 10/12cyc 25 0 0 0 0
PQ trend 25 0 0 0 0
PQ flicker 25 0 0 0 0
Measuring inputs,1-phase voltage – 0 0 0 0
Measuring inputs, 3-phase voltage – 1 2 5 2
Measuring inputs, 1-phase current – 0 0 0 0
Measuring inputs, 3-phase current – 1 2 5 0
Function Points
Template 1
Template 2
Template 3
Template 4
Binary input – 1 1 1 1
Binary output – 1 1 1 1
Communication channel – 1 1 1 1
Process monitor1 – 1 1 1 1
Function key – 1 1 1 1
GOOSE input – 0 0 0 0
LED, multicolor – 1 1 1 1
Measuring Transducers – 0 0 0 0
CFC standard – 0 0 0 0
CFC arithmetic 40 0 0 0 0
CFC logic – 1 1 1 1
CFC timer – 0 0 0 0
CFC switching sequences – 0 0 0 0
The following table shows the maximum quantity structure of the fault recorder.
16 Channels
24 Channels
32 Channels
40 Channels
Hardware quantity structure expandable 1 1 1 1 1
(I/O)
FG Voltage (FG V) 2 4 6 8 10
FG Voltage/Current (FG VI) 2 4 6 8 10
FG ComModule 5 5 5 5 5
FG Recording 1 1 1 1 1
FG Simulation 1 1 1 1 1
FG Analog units 1 1 1 1 1
Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) 2 2 2 2 2
Power-system data (power system) 1 1 1 1 1
Fast-scan recorder 1 1 1 1 1
Slow-scan recorder 2 2 2 2 2
Continuous recorder 5 5 5 5 5
Trend recorder 2 2 2 2 2
Measured values, extended: Min, max, 9 9 9 9 9
average
Voltage trigger 2 4 6 8 10
Current trigger 2 4 6 8 10
Frequency trigger 2 4 6 8 10
Power trigger 1 2 5 7 9
1 The process monitor provides background information such as current-flow criterion and closure detection. The user can neither set
8 Channels
16 Channels
24 Channels
32 Channels
40 Channels
Recorder routing VI 2 4 6 8 10
Recorder routing V 2 4 6 8 10
PQ 10/12cyc 2 4 6 8 10
PQ trend 2 4 6 8 10
PQ flicker 2 4 6 8 10
Measuring inputs,1-phase voltage 2 4 6 8 10
Measuring inputs, 3-phase voltage 2 4 6 8 10
Measuring inputs, 1-phase current 2 4 6 8 10
Measuring inputs, 3-phase current 2 4 6 8 10
Binary input 1 1 1 1 1
Binary output 1 1 1 1 1
Communication channel 9 9 9 9 9
Process monitor 9 9 9 9 9
Function key 1 1 1 1 1
GOOSE input 1 1 1 1 1
LED, multicolor 1 1 1 1 1
Measuring transducers 5 5 5 5 5
Measuring transducers, fast 5 3 5 5 5
CFC standard 1 1 1 1 1
CFC arithmetic 1 1 1 1 1
CFC logic 1 1 1 1 1
CFC timer 1 1 1 1 1
CFC switching sequences 1 1 1 1 1
NOTE
i A maximum of 40 sampled-value channels (SAV) are supported in the 7KE85 fault recorder, depending on
the significant feature selected. If you configure more than 40 channels, the message The number of
configured sampled-value channels (SAV) exceeds the maximum allowed appears in DIGSI 5.
If more than 40 sampled-value channels (SAV) are physically present in the device (for example, 6x
IO202), the device enters Fallback mode even if only 40 or fewer channels are configured.
A description of the function-point principle is provided in chapter 2.2 Adjustment of Application Templates/
Functional Scope .
The following tables show the default settings of the signals in the application templates for the fast-scan and
slow-scan recorders:
Table 4-3 Default Settings of the User-Defined Signals in the Fast-Scan Recorder
Table 4-4 Default Settings of the User-Defined Signals in the Slow-Scan Recorder
The change to the function key names is described in chapter 7.3.3.1 Manual Trigger Start .
5.1 Overview
The Power-system data are provided with each SIPROTEC 5 device and cannot be deleted. You will find
them in DIGSI under Settings → Power-system data.
[dwpow7ke-130213-01.tif, 2, en_US]
In order to adjust its functions to the application, the device requires some data about the power system. The
necessary settings can be found in the Power-system data under General as well as in the Measuring points.
Type and scope of the required measuring points depend on the application. Possible measuring points are:
• Voltage 3-phase (measuring point V 3-ph)
• Current 3-phase (measuring point I 3-ph)
The measuring points have interfaces to the following function groups:
• VI 3-phase
• V 3-phase
The zero voltage is calculated as phase-to-ground voltages. The residual voltage is measured on the open
delta winding of the voltage transformer. For single-phase voltage transformers, the residual voltage is meas-
ured in the generator or the transformer neutral point.
NOTE
i The measurement residual voltage VN sec is converted to a zero-sequence voltage in the device as follows:
EXAMPLE 1:
[dw_bsp1uwdl_anpassfaktor, 2, en_US]
If the connection type of the voltage transformer is 3 ph-to-gnd volt. + VN (parameter: VT connec-
tion) and the voltage input V4 is connected to the open delta winding of the voltage transformer (da/dn), the
Matching ratio Vph / VN is as follows:
When changing the neutral point according to Figure 5-2 , this results in the following values:
• The calculated secondary zero-sequence voltage V0 sec is equal to the secondary phase-to-ground
voltage. Expressed as secondary transformer rated voltage, then Vrated sec/√3.
• The measured residual voltage on the open delta winding is the sum of the voltage drops on the 3 sides.
Expressed with the side ratio, the result is VN, sec = 3 Vrated,sec /3.
[fo_bsp1, 1, en_US]
In example 1 Vrated sec, the phase-to-ground voltage and the secondary voltage on the open delta winding
were identical. If these voltages are different, use the actual numerical values in the calculation.
EXAMPLE 2:
[fo_bsp2, 1, en_US]
[fo_umrechnung2, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i During the ground-fault test, the set adaptation factor can be checked by comparing the operational meas-
ured values. The operational measured values contain the calculated zero-sequence voltage V0 sec and the
measured residual voltage VN sec. Proceed with the compilation as follows:
The Matching ratio Vph / VN parameter is significant for the following functions of the device.
• Overvoltage protection with zero-sequence voltage/residual voltage
• Measured-value supervision
Parameter: VT connection
• 3 ph-to-ph volt. + VN
• 3 ph-to-ph voltages
• 2 ph-to-ph volt. + VN
• 2 ph-to-ph voltages
• 2 ph-to-gnd volt. + VN
• 2 ph-to-gnd voltages
Depending on the connection type selected, you must route the measured values to the terminals of the
voltage measuring point in DIGSI 5. You can find connection examples for voltage transformers in chapter A.
5 Connection Examples for Voltage Transformers . The connection examples provide assistance when
selecting the type of connection.
Parameter: Tracking
NOTE
i The Magnitude correction parameter has nothing to do with the internal adjustment of the input
circuit.
5.5 Application and Setting Notes for Measuring Point Current 3-Phase
(I-3ph)
The following example describes the settings for the current Measuring point I 3-ph (Current 3-phase). The
supervision function settings are also located in the current measuring point. The description of these settings
can be found in chapter Supervision Functions.
Parameter: CT connection
• 3-phase
• 3-phase, 2 primary CT
• 3ph,2prim.CT + IN-sep
Parameter: Tracking
[dwpolstromwdl-251013, 1, en_US]
urement to determine the setting value (for example, a high-precision measuring-voltage transformer). If a
primary correction is not necessary, retain the default setting.
NOTE
i The Magnitude correction parameter has nothing to do with the internal adjustment of the input
circuit.
5.6 Settings
General
6.1.1 Overview
The function group Voltage 3-phase determines the operational measured values of the connected voltage
channels.
The General function block and the Voltage trigger, Frequency trigger, and Recorder routing V functions
operate in the Voltage 3-phase function group. These functions use a 3-phase voltage measuring point as the
input.
The following function block operates in the function Frequency trigger (also see chapter 7.4.3.2 Structure of
the Function ):
• Frq. Trigger
The following function blocks operate in the function Voltage trigger (also see chapter 7.4.1.2 Structure of the
Function ):
• V base, Trig
• V RMS Trig
• V0 Trigger
• V1 Trigger
• V2 Trigger
The following function blocks work in the Recorder routing V function:
• PQ 10/12cyc fV
• PQ trend fV
• PQ flicker
• Routing f
• Routing V
The recorder routings enable the routing of the individual measured values to the various recorders.
The function group Voltage 3-phase always contains the function block General that cannot be deleted.
You can load the trigger functions required for your application in the function group. These trigger functions
are available from the function library in DIGSI 5.
The following figure shows the structure of the function group Voltage 3-phase:
[dwfgspan-240812-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The recorder routings enable the routing of the individual measured values to the various recorders. The
following figure shows the structure of the Recorder routing V function group.
[dwrecrou-060912-01.tif, 2, en_US]
More information on the Recorder routing V function is found in the chapters 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Param-
eters and Routing in DIGSI 5 and 7.5.1.2 Using Measurands .
[scfgucon-230812-01.tif, 1, en_US]
If you add functions to the Voltage 3-phase function group, these are connected to the measuring point auto-
matically.
You connect the Voltage 3-phase function group to the voltage measuring points via the interface to the
measuring points. This assignment can only be made in DIGSI 5 via Project tree → Function group connec-
tions.
To connect the interfaces, set a cross at the intersection between the desired row and column in the matrix
(refer to Figure 6-3).
Table 6-1 Operational Measured Values of the Voltage 3-Phase Function Group
6.1.4 Settings
6.2.1 Overview
The Voltage-current 3-phase function group determines the operational measured values from the connected
current and voltage channels.
The current, power, voltage and frequency triggers operate in the function group Voltage-current 3-phase.
These trigger functions use one 3-phase current and voltage measuring point as the input.
The following function blocks operate in the function Current trigger (also see chapter 7.4.2.2 Structure of the
Function ):
• I fund. Trig
• I RMS Trig
• I0 Trigger
• I1 Trigger
• I2 Trigger
The following function block operates in the function Frequency trigger (also see chapter 7.4.3.2 Structure of
the Function ):
• Frq. Trigger
The following function blocks operate in the function Power trigger (also see chapter 7.4.4.2 Structure of the
Function ):
• P Sum Trig
• Q Sum Trig
• S Sum Trig
The following function blocks operate in the function Voltage trigger (also see chapter 7.4.1.2 Structure of the
Function ):
• V Fund. Trig
• V RMS Trig
• V0 Trigger
• V1 Trigger
• V2 Trigger
The following function blocks work in the Recorder routing VI function:
• PQ 10/12cyc fV
• PQ trend fV
• PQ flicker
• Routing f
• Routing I
• Routing power
• Routing V
NOTE
i The Voltage-current 3-phase function group also works without an assigned current measuring point. In
this case the current, frequency and power functions (measured value, trigger and recorder routing func-
tions) are not available.
For more information about the embedding of the functions in the device, please refer to chapter 2.1 Function
Embedding in the Device .
The entire function scope of the application templates can be found in chapter 4.2 Application Template and
Functional Scope for the Fault Recorder .
The function group Voltage-current 3-phase always contains the function block General that cannot be
deleted.
You can load the trigger functions required for your application in the function group. These trigger functions
are available from the Global DIGSI 5 library. Trigger functions that are not needed can be deleted again from
the function group.
The following figure shows the structure of the function group Voltage-current 3-phase:
[dwfgspst-240812-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The function group has interfaces to the voltage and current measuring points.
The recorder routings enable the routing of the individual measured values to the various recorders. The
following figure shows the structure of the Recorder routing VI function group.
[dwroutui-060912-01.tif, 2, en_US]
More information on the Recorder routing VI function is found in the chapters 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Param-
eters and Routing in DIGSI 5 and 7.5.1.2 Using Measurands .
[scmeaspon-020215-01, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The current measuring points are optional within the Voltage-current 3-phase function group. If you do not
interconnect the current and power values, the current measuring points are not available.
[scfguive-130912-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-7 Connecting Measuring Points to the Voltage-Current 3-Phase Function Group
Equipment Data
The rated voltage and rated current as well as the neutral-point treatment of the object or the equipment are
defined here. These data apply to all functions in the Voltage-current 3-phase function group.
Table 6-2 Operational Measured Values of the Voltage-Current 3-Phase Function Group
The operational measured values are explained in more detail in chapter 9.3 Operational Measured Values .
6.2.4 Settings
A Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) measures the phasor values of current and voltage. These values get a
high precision time stamp and together with the values of power frequency, power frequency change rate and
optional binary data that are also time stamped are transmitted to a central analysis station. The standardized
transmission protocol IEEEC 37.118 is used to do this.
The PMU function group is activated by selecting the protocol IEEE C37.118PMU on an Ethernet module
(electrical or optical). The PMU obtains the measured values from the measuring points and the precise time
from time synchronization. The time-stamped synchrophasors for current and voltage are formed from this
and transferred together with additional values via the communication module to a server (PDC, Phasor Data
Concentrator).
[dwstrpmu-250613-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The synchrophasors, sent from the PMU in a continuous data stream to a PDC, are provided with time
stamps and thus are comparable with the measured values of other PMUs. The power frequency, the power
frequency change rate and optional binary information are also transmitted as time-stamped measured
values. Therefore, you receive an overview of the transient processes in a distributed energy transfer system,
for example network fluctuations and compensating processes.
The following table shows the differences between the PMU measured values and the remaining measured
values of the device.
The following figure shows the structure of such a Wide Area Monitoring System. The data delivered from the
PMUs on the PDC are transmitted via the Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP) according to
DIN EN 60870-6 to the network control center.
[dwstrwam-120124-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The phasor-measurement units each have 2 communication interfaces: an Ethernet module for synchro-
phasor communication via IEEE C37.118 and another module for communication with the substation automa-
tion technology, for example, through the IEC 61850 protocol.
The central evaluation system, e.g. SIGUARD PDP Phasor Data Processor, receives the data, files, archives
them and graphically displays them on a User Interface. In this system, a self-checking function may also be
performed, for example, on undamped power swings. The further distribution of information to other PDCs or
to a control station is done here.
To maintain the required maximum errors (TVE) required in the standard IEEE C37.118, the time tolerance
relative to the UTC time reference (UTC = Universal Time Coordinated) may be maximum 10 μs. Therefore,
the device must be directly synchronized with a GPS precise time signal for the correct function of the PMU.
Phasors
A phasor u(t) = Uejωt can be displayed as a phasor that moves counterclockwise in the complex plane at the
angular frequency ω. Therefore, the voltage function u(t) = Re{u(t)} is obtained as a projection of the phasor
u(t) on the real axis.
[dwgeopdc-061011-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[dwutcphi-260112-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-11 Determination of Phase Angle ρ of Measuring Signal Xm Relative to the Cosine Function
The number of phasors that are transmitted per second is configurable. The transmission rate is defined
according to IEEE C37.118 as the reporting rate. The reporting rate defines the number of phasors that are
transmitted per second. Extremely precise time synchronization is essential so that phasor measurement can
be carried out to enable phasors from different sites to be compared.
Reporting Rate
You use the configurable reporting rate (parameter (_:10621:102) Reporting rate) to specify the
number of telegrams that are compiled and sent to the PDC per second. It is adjustable, depending on the
rated frequency, and applies to all currents and voltages of the relevant PMU function group. If several PMU
function groups are created on the device, these can work with different reporting rates.
[dwklatve-120124-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[fo_utcphi-111011-01.tif, 1, --_--]
where:
• Xr(n) = Real part of measured signal
• Binary information
The current and voltage channels transferred from a PMU function group are selected through the Function
group connections editor in DIGSI 5. The frequency and frequency change rate are determined once per
PMU. In this case, only the current and voltage channels selected via the Function group connections editor
for this PMU are taken into consideration. You may route the binary information in the information routing
matrix of DIGSI 5.
The channel used for specifying the frequency is selected dynamically during the device runtime. Each
channel is checked for the presence of a signal in the following order:
1. 3-phase voltage measuring points
2. 1-phase voltage measuring points
3. 3-phase current measuring points
4. 1-phase current measuring points
The 1st measuring point found with a valid signal is used for specifying the frequency in the PMU function
group.
In the case of 3-phase measuring points, the positive-sequence system can also be transmitted instead of 3
individual sychrophasors. This setting can be made via the parameter (_:10621:103) Only positive
sequence.
PMU communication according to standard IEEE C37.118 is a client-server communication format in which
the PDC (Phasor Data Concentrator) functions as both the client and the server.
Once the PDC has been successfully connected to the device PMU and the PMU configuration data has
been queried, the PDC initiates transmission of the synchrophasor data by sending a close command to the
PMU. In addition to the phasors, the channel names of the routed measuring points and the binary informa-
tion are transferred. Per default, these are automatically generated by the respective PMU function groups.
Where applicable, you can also edit the channel names of the measuring point and assign a designation of its
own for this purpose. For more information, see chapter 6.3.6 Parameterizing the PMU with DIGSI. The
names for the binary information carried out are however, generally automatically generated by the respective
PMU function group and cannot be edited.
As an example, the names (generated) for measuring points or binary information may be as follows:
Name Displayed in the DIGSI Function Depending on the Connection Type, Name Transferred to the
Group Connections PDC (in case it cannot be assigned automatically)
Measuring point U-3ph 1[ID 1] MP-V3ph VAB ID01
MP-V3ph VBC ID01
MP-V3ph VCA ID01
MP-V3ph VA ID01
MP-V3ph VB ID01
MP-V3ph VC ID01
MP-V3ph V1 ID01
Name Displayed in the DIGSI Function Depending on the Connection Type, Name Transferred to the
Group Connections PDC (in case it cannot be assigned automatically)
Measuring point I-3ph 1[ID 2] MP-I3ph IA ID02
MP-I3ph IB ID02
MP-I3ph IC ID02
MP-I3ph I1 ID02
Measuring point I-1ph 1[ID 3] MP-I1ph ID03
Measuring point U-1ph 1[ID 4] MP-V1ph ID03
Data is transmitted continuously from the PMU to the PDC at the configured reporting rate. The transmission
is terminated by a corresponding switch-off command from the PDC or when the connection between the
PDC and the PMU is interrupted.
Communication between the PMU and the PDC can be passed via TCP or UDP protocols.
The following ports are used for data transmission:
• TCP: Port 4712
• UDP: Port 4713
The ports must be configured on the PDC.
Up to 3 different PDCs can be connected to one device PMU at the same time. The IP addresses of the
maximum 3 PDCs are set in the PMU function group. If 4 device PMUs are configured, this enables support
for up to 12 PDCs.
You configure and parameterize the Phasor-Measurement Unit with DIGSI. After a device has been added in
a DIGSI project, one or more communication modules that support synchrophasors can be configured as
PMUs. The device module supports a maximum of 2 communication modules that can be configured as
PMUs. If more than 2 PMUs are needed, the device must be expanded with a CB202 plug-in module
assembly (expansion module), which can accommodate 2 more communication modules.
The following communication modules support synchrophasors:
• ETH-BA-2EL (2 x Ethernet electric, RJ45)
• ETH-BB-2FO ( 2 x Ethernet optical, 2 km, LC duplex)
These modules are then freely assignable to ports E, F, N or P of the device, see Figure 6-13. You can view
the selected port in the (_:10621:104) Port. This parameter is automatically managed by DIGSI and
cannot be changed.
[sccommod-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i Port M of the CB202 plug-in module assembly is used to accommodate measuring-transducer modules
and cannot be used for the installation of communication modules.
Addressing
You must configure the respective Ethernet address (IP address, subnet mask, etc.) for each communication
module in DIGSI. This is done in the DIGSI General settings properties dialog of the communication module
in item Ethernet addresses and so forms the IP address for the respective PMU.
[scethern-210415, 1, en_US]
In the DIGSI properties dialog for channel 1, select the synchrophasor protocol, see the following figure.
[scprotoc-210415, 1, en_US]
After you have selected the synchrophasor protocol for the communication module, an advanced settings
dialog for PMU-specific configuration opens, see the following figure.
[scwildcard_de, 1, en_US]
You configure the specific settings for the communication protocol in the top section of this settings dialog. In
the bottom section, you specify the corresponding PMU-specific settings.
In order to permit a better configuration of larger wide-area supervision systems, changes have been imple-
mented in the IEEE C37.118 communication configuration that permit a flexible IP configuration without the
loss of safety aspects in the systems administrated.
Configurable placeholders are permitted for each PDC IP address. These placeholders allow you to define a
range of IP addresses where they are accepted within these accesses. The purpose of this is to permit each
individual device or system access within the respective system without limits with regard to their hierarchy
level. Therefore, with regard to security aspects, the limitation to individual IP addresses is eliminated. You
are thus allowed to configure complete sections of IP addresses in each PMU and, as a result, very flexible
when making changes to the configuration of the entire system, for example. The placeholder character must
follow consecutively at the bit level, starting with the bit with the lowest value.
If a PDC attempts to establish a connection to the device, the PDC IP addresses and corresponding place-
holders are checked in the same order as they had been configured (IP address PDC1, IP address PDC2,
IP address PDC3). Running through the list is stopped with the first match of the IP address, placeholder and
requested IP address range and the connection is built-up. If there are no matches, the attempt to connect is
rejected.
If you have configured IP address 0.0.0.0 and the placeholder 255.255.255.255, every IP address received is
accepted as valid. This could be of use in the course of commissioning measures.
NOTE
i You must have configured at least 1 IP address in order to establish a connection between the device and
PDC.
Measuring-Point Assignment
After adding measuring points to the device, you can assign these measuring points to each configured PMU.
Figure 6-17 shows as an example expansion of the device configuration by 2 additional input/output modules.
You connect the current and voltage inputs of these I/O modules to measuring points via the DIGSI routing
matrix, see example in Figure 6-18.
[scaddios-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scroutin-210415, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-18 Assignment of the Current and Voltage Inputs of the Added Input/Output Modules on Meas-
uring Points
The maximum numbers of measuring points that can be routed for one PMU are:
• 2 x 3-phase voltage measuring points
• 2 x 3-phase current measuring points
[scfgconn-210415, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-19 Connecting Measuring Points to the Configured PMU Function Groups
When these setting steps have been completed, the PMUs are fully configured. The PMU is a function group
that functions independently of all the other function groups instantiated in the device.
The device load, however, is dependent on:
• Number of PMUs
• Performance class (where Class M generates the greater load)
The IEEE C37.118 defines the ASCII character set for changing the channel names in the scope of the
SIPROTEC 5-PMU support. Due to the protocol, the designation length is limited to 16 ASCII characters per
channel. However, when renaming, you have to assign at least 1 character. The renaming of binary channels
is not supported in the current implementation.
You can start the renaming by setting the check mark at Own phasor names with the parameterization in
the PMU function block Functional settings. Once you have activated this check mark, define a separate
name for each phasor. For this purpose, DIGSI shows all routed measuring points on the PMU in the function
group connections (see following figure).
[scPMUnam_de, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-20 Options for Editing the Names of the Individual Phasors
NOTE
i You can only rename each individual phasor when you set the parameter Positive-sequence system
only to No in the functional settings. Otherwise you will only be offered one single phasor for each 3-
phase measuring point for renaming.
[scpmubif-210415, 1, en_US]
Routing Indications
The routable indication ChannelLive of the PMU log
• raises when the PMU is connected to the PDC
• clears when the connection to the PDC is interrupted.
[scparami-260912-01.tif, 1, en_US]
You can also change the PMU settings directly on the device. To do this, select the desired PMU instance on
the device display. By selecting menu item Settings you then access the editable setting values (see
Figure 6-23). Note that the parameter Port cannot be changed, because this corresponds to the physical slot
position of the communication module in question.
[scdevpmu-210415, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-23 Changing the PMU Setting Values via the Device Display
You can also change the communication settings in the same way. To do this, select the corresponding
communication port in the Communication menu on the device display. From the Channel 1 menu item, you
can then access the detailed setting options for the IP or PMU communication settings (see Figure 6-24).
[scdevcom-210415, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-24 Changing the Communication Setting Values Via the Device Display
Time Synchronization
In order to ensure the time accuracy of the PMU, you must select IRIG-B as protocol for the GPS clock, see
the following figure. With other settings, the PMU function function group indicates that it is not time synchron-
ized.
To detect a lack of synchronization quickly, also set the waiting time for the failure indication of the loss of
time synchronization to the smallest possible value, thus to 1 s.
Parameter: Mode
NOTE
i Different setting values are shown or hidden, depending on the rated frequency set.
Parameter: Class
Parameter: Port
This parameter cannot be set because the Port results from the physical position where the corresponding
communication module is inserted.
6.3.9 Settings
6.4.1 Overview
The Analog units function group is used to map analog units and communicate with them. Analog units are
external devices, such as RTD units, or analog plug-in modules, such as measuring-transducer modules.
You will find the Analog units function group for many device types in the Global DIGSI 5 library.
[sc20maee-190214-01, 1, en_US]
If the device has a measuring transducer, it is automatically mapped in the Analog units function group. If one
or more RTD units are connected to the device, you have to load one or more RTD unit Ether. or RTD unit
serial functions from the Global DIGSI library in order to map the RTD units.
The following figure shows the structure of the function group.
[dwstrthe-030615-01.vsd, 1, en_US]
The Analog units function group has interfaces to protection function groups. The Analog units function group
provides measured temperature values that come from an external RTD unit. These measured temperature
values are available for all protection function groups in which a temperature monitoring function works.
The RTD unit Ether. function is not preconfigured by the manufacturer. A maximum of 20 function instances
can work simultaneously.
The RTD unit serial function is set up structurally exactly in the same manner as the RTD unit Ether. function.
6.4.3.1 Overview
The function 20-mA unit Ether.:
• Communicates in series with a 20-mA unit via the Slave Unit Protocol (SUP) and records the values
measured by the 20-mA unit
• Transforms the measured 20-mA values into slowly changing process tags such as temperature or gas
pressure
• Makes the recorded process tags available to CFC, GOOSE, protocols and the device display
[dwstrfn2-150113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[lo20mtcp-150113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Error Responses
The following table lists the conditions under which the Health status transitions to the Alarm or Warning
state.
The Failure signal is set as soon as one of the channel function blocks reports a failure.
Parameter: Port
Parameter: IP address
Logic
[lo20mcha-160113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
(1) If the setting Range active is set to test , the setting Transformation ratio is not
displayed.
(2) If the setting Range active is set to false, the settings Upper limit, Transformation
ratio upper limit, Lower limit and Transformation ratio are not displayed.
Measured-Value Calculation
The function 20-mA channel processes a single 20-mA current signal supplied by the 20-mA unit of the corre-
sponding channel. The 20-mA current measured value is converted into the correct physical quantities such
as temperature or pressure. In each 20-mA functional unit (Ether. and serial) there are always 12 of the 20-
mA channel function blocks, even if fewer channels are connected with the 20-mA unit. The calculated values
are available for further processing via CFC, GOOSE, protocols, and the display image.
Measured-Value Processing
The 20-mA unit typically transmits a value which represents a physical quantity, such as a temperature or a
pressure. Therefore, the device must contain a characteristic curve that maps the physical quantity to the 20-
mA value. If you do not activate the Range active setting (no x in the check box), the function operates
over the range 0 mA to 20 mA. If a value smaller than 0 mA or greater than 20 mA is active at the input of the
20-mA unit, the measured value is identified as invalid. The setting of the range for the scaled value goes
from a usable range of 0 mA to 20 mA. The following figure shows an example.
[sckanumw-190214-01, 1, en_US]
In this example, the measured value 0 mA means a temperature of 0 °C and the measured value 20 mA
means a temperature of 100 °C. So enter as Unit = °C andConversion factor = 100. The resolution
(decimal place) of the temperature value can be chosen; for a decimal place, select Resolution = 0.1.
[dwknges3-020513-01.tif, 1, en_US]
If you activate the Range active setting, then 4 additional parameters Upper limit, Lower limit,
Upper limit - Sensor, and Lower limit - Sensor appear. The parameters Upper limit and
Lower limit indicate the range of the input current in mA. The setting Upper limit - Sensor is the
calculated measured value if the input current corresponds to the value in the Upper limit setting. The
setting Lower limit - Sensor is the calculated measured value if the input current corresponds to the
value in the Lower limit setting. The setting of the range for the scaled value corresponds to the useable
range between Lower limit and Upper limit (see following figure).
[sckanumf-190214-01, 1, en_US]
[dwknges2-020513-01.tif, 1, en_US]
In this example, the Range active setting is selected. The setting Upper limit is at 20 mA, the setting
Lower limit is at 4 mA. The setting Upper limit - Sensor is at 55 and the setting Lower limit -
Sensor is at -33. If the input current is smaller than 4 mA or greater than 20 mA, the quality of the scaled
measured value in this example is invalid.
Each 20-mA channel makes available the scaled measured value in the information routing (these are the
temperature values in the examples) and the original current measured value in mA for further processing.
The 20-mA values can be displayed in the display page and processed with CFC charts.
Error Responses
If the current input value is determined to be incorrect, the quality attribute of the output value is set to
invalid That status for Health and the defect status assume the states displayed in the table.
Parameter: Unit
Parameter: Resolution
Parameter: Upper limit, Lower limit, Upper limit - Sensor and Lower limit - Sensor
6.4.3.7 Settings
6.4.4.1 Overview
The function 20-mA unit Serial:
• Provides serial communications with a 20-mA unit via the Modbus protocol and records the values
measured by the 20-mA unit
• Transforms the measured 20-mA values into slowly changing process variables such as temperature or
gas pressure
• Makes the recorded process tags available to CFC, GOOSE, protocols and the device display
Parameter: Port
A serial communication module optionally uses 2 channels. With the Channel number setting, you specify
the channel number (1 or 2) used to connect the 20-mA unit to the device. The communication module inputs
are labeled with the channel numbers.
Parameter: Unit
Parameter: Resolution
Parameter: Upper limit, Lower limit, Upper limit - Sensor and Lower limit - Sensor
6.4.4.3 Settings
[dwve20au-150213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[sc20ser3-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
[scauser4-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Communication Settings
Make the communications settings for the relevant serial channels. For this, use the default settings specified
by the 20-mA unit. Normally, you must adapt only the parameterization of the SIPROTEC 5 device to the
settings of the 20-mA unit. Make sure that the setting values in both devices are the same. The settings of the
Non-flickering light (on/off): is not relevant for the RS485 interface.
NOTE
i The driver for the USART module for the SUP protocol is not preinstalled as standard for the initial use of
this interface (following the firmware update).
[scauser5-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
With the selection of the SUP protocol for the 20-mA unit DIGSI automatically adds the function group Analog
units to your device configuration. You can now instantiate the function 20-mA unit serial 1 (see following
figure).
[sc20ser6-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Now, set the channel number over which the SUP protocol runs. In addition, set the slave address of the 20-
mA unit. This address must be set with the same value in the 20-mA unit (refer to the following figure).
For the first use of the 20-mA unit, the following device configuration must be set on the 20-mA unit:
• Bus protocol: mod
• Device address: 1
• Parity: no
[scauser7-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-40 Setting the Port, Channel Number, and Device Address
Device Configuration
In DIGSI, insert an Ethernet module into the provided slot, thus, adding the module to the device configura-
tion. Figure 6-41 displays the available slots in the base module or on the expansion module CB 202. Alterna-
tively, you can also use the integrated Ethernet interface Port J.
[scautcp1-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Communication Settings
Activate the SUP Ethernet protocol for the Ethernet module.
[scautcp2-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
This protocol is also available for Port J of the integrated Ethernet interface of the base module (refer to
following figure).
[scautcp3-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
With the selection of the SUP protocol for the 20-mA unit, DIGSI automatically adds the Analog units function
group and the 20-mA unit Ether. function to your device configuration (refer to the following figure).
[sc20tcp4-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Now, set the port over which the SUP protocol runs. In addition, set the IP address of the 20-mA unit (refer to
the following figure). This address must be set with the same value in the 20-mA unit.
[scautcp5-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
6.4.6.1 Overview
The fast analog measuring-transducer inputs process voltage values (DC -10 V to +10 V) as well as current
values (DC -20 mA to 20 mA).
The function MT fast input:
• Provides sampled values for recording in the fault record (the maximum sampling frequency in 7KE85 is
16 kHz, and 8 kHz for all other SIPROTEC 5 devices). The recorded sampling frequency results from the
setting of the fault-recorder function.
• Calculated measured values from the sampled values. These measured values have been deduced
from the arithmetic mean values. The measuring range for the mean-value calculation is adjustable in
the interval from 10 ms to 100 ms.
• Converts the measured current or voltage values into process values, for example, temperature, gas
pressure, etc.
• Provides the recorded process variables for further processing by the fault recorder, the CFC, and in
GOOSE-applications for transmission via communication protocols, and for visualization.
The fast measuring-transducer inputs are located on the IO212 module with 8 inputs (optionally current or
voltage inputs), and the IO210 module2 with 4 inputs (optionally current or voltage inputs).
[dw_mu-structure, 1, en_US]
[scmuio212, 1, en_US]
The fast measuring-transducer channels can be configured either as current or as voltage inputs. Apart from
this, their function corresponds to the basic function of the 20-mA-channels (see chapter 6.4.3.5 20-mA
Channel ).
Parameter: Unit
Parameter: Upper limit,Lower limit,Upper limit - Sensor, and Lower limit - Sensor
With the following parameters, you set the scaling of the measuring variables. By that, you can scale in an
application-specific way:
• Default setting Upper limit = 20.00 mA
• Default setting Upper limit - Sensor = 1.00
[dw_measured-value-scaling, 1, en_US]
Setting Example 1:
A measuring transducer transmitting a current signal of 4 mA to 20 mA is used as a transmitter. Currents well
below 4 mA indicate a transmitter failure; currents around 0 mA indicate a broken wire. A sensor detecting a
temperature is attached to the transmitter. The upper value corresponds to 200 °C and the lower value to
-100 °C. This results in the following characteristic. In accordance with the set characteristic curve, the func-
tion calculates the sensor value from the measured current. The coefficients of the linear equation (gradient
and foot point) are calculated from the set threshold and the sensor values are determined. A supplied
current of 9.333 mA corresponds to a temperature of 0 °C.
[dw_measuring-transducer-characteristic, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The hardware of the measuring transducer has been designed in such a way that measured values are
transmitted and analyzed using the setting range ( Upper limit or Lower limit). Therefore, special
applications are possible, if necessary. The limits lie at approximately +16 mA and -16 mA or +32 V and
-32 V. If the measured values are supplied above or below these limits, the quality invalid is assigned.
Setting Example 2:
For special applications, the transmitter sends a maximum of ±12 V. This voltage shall be issued accordingly
as sensor voltage.
Set the parameters as follows:
• Upper limit = 10.00 V
• Upper limit - Sensor = 10.00 V
[dw_measuring-transducer-setting, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-50 Parameter Settings and Representation of an Input Signal Greater Than 10 V
6.4.6.5 Settings
6.4.7.1 Overview
The RTD unit Ether. function:
• Communicates with an external RTD unit via the Slave Unit Protocol (SUP) and records the measured
temperatures from the RTD unit
[dwstrfnc-291112-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[lortdtcp-311012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Error Responses
The following table lists the conditions under which the Health status transitions to the Alarm or Warning
state.
The Failure signal is set as soon as one of the sensor function blocks reports a failure.
Parameter: Port
Parameter: IP address
Logic
[lotmpval-311012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Error Responses
If the measured input value is determined to be incorrect, the quality attribute of the output measured temper-
ature value is set to invalid. The statuses for Health and Error take the statuses in accordance with the
following table:
• Under Standard unit system change the setting value of the unit system used from SI units to US
units.
[scfahrht-190214-01, 1, en_US]
The following settings and information table shows only 1 of the 12 sensors, as the setting possibilities of the
12 sensors do not differ.
6.4.7.7 Settings
6.4.8.1 Overview
The RTD unit serial function:
• Communicates with an external RTD unit serial via the Slave Unit Protocol (SUP) and records the meas-
ured temperatures from the RTD unit
Parameter: Port
6.4.8.3 Settings
[dwverbau-201112-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scauser3-190214-01, 1, en_US]
[scauser4-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Communication Settings
Make the communications settings for the relevant serial channels. For this, use the default settings specified
by the RTD box. Normally, you must adapt only the parameterization of the SIPROTEC 5 device to the
settings of the RTD box. Make sure that the setting values in both devices are the same. The settings of the
Non-flickering light (on/off): is not relevant for the RS485 interface.
NOTE
i The driver for the USART module for the SUP protocol is not preinstalled as standard for the initial use of
this interface (following the firmware update).
[scauser5-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
With the selection of the SUP protocol for the RTD box DIGSI automatically adds the function group Analog
units to your device configuration. You can now instantiate the function RTD box serial 1 (refer to the
following figure).
[scauser6-190214-01, 1, en_US]
Now, set the channel number over which the SUP protocol runs. In addition, set the slave address of the RTD
box. This address must be set with the same value in the RTD box (refer to the following figure).
The following device configuration must be set on the TR1200 RTD unit when the RTD unit is used for the
first time:
• Bus protocol: mod
• Device address: 1
• Parity: no
[scauser7-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Figure 6-60 Setting the Port, Channel Number, and Slave Address
Device Configuration
In the DIGSI, insert an Ethernet module into the provided slot, thus, adding the module to the device configu-
ration. Figure 6-61 displays the available slots in the base module or on the expansion module CB 202. Alter-
natively, you can also use the integrated Ethernet interface Port J.
[scautcp1-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
Communication Settings
Activate the SUP Ethernet protocol for the Ethernet module.
[scautcp2-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
This protocol is also available for Port J of the integrated Ethernet interface of the base module (refer to
following figure).
[scautcp3-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
With the selection of the SUP protocol for the RTD unit, DIGSI automatically adds the Analog units function
group and the RTD unit Ether. function to your device configuration (refer to the following figure).
[scauser6-190214-01, 1, en_US]
Now, set the port over which the SUP protocol runs. In addition, set the IP address of the RTD box (refer to
the following figure). This address must be set with the same value in the RTD box.
[scautcp5-220114-01-DE, 1, en_US]
7.1.1 General
DIGSI 5 is the project engineering and operation tool for all SIPROTEC 5 devices.
DIGSI 5 offers you the following possibilities:
• Create system topology
• Configuring hardware
• Other tasks
NOTE
i In the following are the most important steps for setting the parameters for your fault recorder. A detailed
description of DIGSI 5 can be found in the DIGSI Online Help.
Starting DIGSI 5
Proceed as follows to configure your fault recorder:
² Create a new project by clicking in DIGSI 5 on Project --> New.
² Give your project a project name and then click Create.
3 You can find the drivers on www.energy.siemens.com under the keyword Download Area.
[scproj7k-040412-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scger7ke-310812-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scpro7ke-200515, 1, en_US]
² When you have entered a product code, click Check. If the product code is valid, the Select an applica-
tion template list box is activated.
If the product code is invalid, you receive specific error messages. Correct the product code.
When you click Configure, this closes the current dialog and changes to the manual configuration mode.
The Network view is displayed in the operating range.
More details on the product code and on the Configure button is found in the DIGSI Help, Chapter
Adding a new device .
[scapp7ke-200515, 1, en_US]
After you have added the fault recorder in DIGSI 5, you can set parameters and route signals, indications,
triggers, etc.
The sequence of the routing in DIGSI 5 corresponds to the signal flow direction.
[dwflussr-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
In the following are the most important steps for setting the parameters for your fault recorder. A detailed
description of DIGSI 5 options can be found in the DIGSI Help.
[scmes7ke-180213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Detailed information on the clamp designations, for example 1A, is in the Hardware Manual and in the hard-
ware configuration.
In addition you can use the Current measuring points and Voltage measuring points window to add other
measuring points to the application.
NOTE
i An exclamation point appears in the project tree before and during the routing and indicates an inconsis-
tent routing. At the end of an error-free routing, the exclamation point disappears automatically. If the
exclamation point does not automatically disappear, you can remove it by clicking the Check consistency
icon.
[scconsis-310812-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Instantiate Function Groups, Functions, and Function Blocks from the DIGSI 5 Library
² Using Drag & Drop, move the voltage and current function groups from the DIGSI 5 library into the
project tree.
NOTE
i This procedure also applies for the recorder functions Slow-scan recorder and Continuous recorder and
for the measured values Recorder routing with their associated measured value function blocks Routing f,
Routing I, Routing pwr and Routing V).
[scfganle-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scrouins-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-9 Instantiating Recorder Routing with the Respective Function Blocks
NOTE
i Use a maximum of 57 characters4 for the channel name. Do not use either umlauts or special characters,
because these prevent healthy export to SICAM PQS and into file formats such as COMTRADE and
PQDIF . The channel name is truncated if the permissible length is exceeded.
[scfgverb-310812-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i You can route the current measuring points using X (transformer neutral point in the direction of the object)
or using I (transformer neutral point in the opposite direction).
Adjusting Parameters
In order to adjust the parameters, proceed as follows:
² Double-click in DIGSI 5 on Function Settings.
You will see the names of all available function groups.
² Open the function group that contains the required function.
You will see the names of all the functions that this function group contains.
² Double-click the name of the required function.
The parameter view will open in the operating range. This shows the parameters and the preset values
of the selected function.
[scfastsc-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The test mode is not available for the continuous recorder and the trend recorder and applies only to the
fast-scan and slow-scan recorders.
[sctestfl-291012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-12 Fault Record with Activated Marking Test Record (Test Flag)
NOTE
i The Mode of the individual recorder depends on the settings of the parameter Mode in the higher-level
function General.
The status of the function resulting from the parameter Mode and the superordinate state of the recorder is
shown in the following table.
Table 7-1 Resulting State of the Function (from Connection of Parameter Mode and Superordinate
State)
NOTE
i Every change of a recorder parameter (with the exception of changing the mode and trigger parameters)
results in a restart of the device.
NOTE
[sctrigge-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[leAnzeige_DIGSI-220813, 1, en_US]
NOTE
In the following table, the various statuses of the records are displayed.
Status Description
New After you click the Read records button, an overview of existing records in the
device is collected and those with the status New are displayed in DIGSI 5.
Download The recording is downloaded into DIGSI 5.
Downloaded The recording has been downloaded to DIGSI 5 and can be opened with SIGRA,
for example.
Deleted from the device The recording has been deleted in the device, but is still stored in DIGSI 5.
[scplugin-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i To prevent records being lost, they must be stored regularly to DIGSI 5 if the allocated memory area is
exceeded.
Display in SIGRA
To perform additional analyses, open the record in SIGRA. SIGRA offers additional display modes and calcu-
lation methods for evaluating the recordings.
² Click the SIGRA4 button to open the record in SIGRA (see the following figure).
[sciconsi-260213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scsigras-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The protocols DNP, T103 and T104 are available in DIGSI 5, but they are not supported in the 7KE85 fault
recorder.
Siemens recommends to avoid using these protocols.
are stored and combined into a single file. That is to say, that all 10-minute intervals, 144 files will be replaced
by a single file and all 2-hour intervals, 12 files will be replaced by a single file.
The PQDIF files will be filed according to the following nomenclature:
• Subdirectory: Identification of the continuous recorder and the recorder ID: /Cont_PQDif_fffe
• ID of the recording (for example, /00000001)
[leIEC_Browser-270813, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i In order to establish and display the file date, the device-internal UTC time is used.
NOTE
i In the mode off , the continuous recorder and the trend recorder no longer record any measured values,
but continue to record device statuses (time jumps, modes on/off, as well as disconnection and recovery
of the supply voltage).
PQDif recordings are still generated, even though the continuous recorder and the trend recorder are set
to the mode off. It is recommended to delete the instance in case of long-term non-use.
The fault recorder has a flash memory in which records can be saved. The recording documents operations
within the power system and the way in which devices respond to them. You can read out records from the
device and analyze them subsequently using evaluation tools such as SIGRA or SICAM PQS/SICAM PQ
Analyzer.
[dwfg7ke8-161012-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The Recorder function group is a central device function. Both the recording criterion and the measured-value
and binary channels to be recorded are functionally preconfigured through the application templates. You are
able to individually adapt the configuration in DIGSI 5.
connect additional measuring points to the function group, depending on the nature of the user functions
used. The configuration is done via the Function group connections editor in DIGSI 5.
You can find more detailed information on this in chapter 2.1 Function Embedding in the Device.
The 3-phase voltage and 3-phase voltage/current function groups have the following interfaces to the meas-
uring points:
• 3-phase voltage
The measurands from the 3-phase voltage system are supplied via this interface. Depending on the
connection type of the transformers, in the 3-phase voltage system these are, for example, VA, VB, VC.
• 3-phase voltage/current
The measurands from the 3-phase voltage and current system are supplied via this interface. All values
that can be calculated from the measurands are also provided via this interface.
System Data and Function Groups and Functions that cannot be Configured
'The system data and the PMU function group are visible, but cannot be changed.
In the following table you can find output signals of the fault-recording functions:
Name Type Description
General: Mode (controllable) ENC Status feedback of the fault recording according to
General: Behavior ENS Chapter 2.3 Function Control
General: Health ENS
Control: Fault number INS Indication of the error number for current fault
Control: Recording started SPS Fault recording running
Control: Record made SPS End of recording
• In the Information routing of each device set up in DIGSI 5, you can route binary signals to LEDs and
output contacts. For this open in the project tree.
Project → Device → Information Routing
• Click with the right mouse button on the routing field of your binary indication in the desired LED or
binary output column in the routing range of the targets.
You are offered the following options:
9 Binary input
10 Binary output
11 Function key
[sctrigra-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[sc7kemem-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTICE
The sum of the individual memory capacities must not exceed the maximum flash-memory capacity. If,
when setting the parameters of the individual recorders, the maximum memory capacity of 15 GB has
been reached or exceeded, a warning indication is displayed in DIGSI 5.
Every change of memory splitting leads to a permanent deletion of all recordings in the device.
² Secure all recordings before you reset the parameters.
[scfastsc-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-22 Change of the Flash-Memory Capacity in the Example of the Fast-Scan Recorder
NOTE
i Due to the internal administration data, the complete flash memory size for storing the recordings is not
available. The Estimated record size is user information in order to be able to estimate how many
recordings can be stored in the reserved flash memory. The actual size of the fault record depends on the
degree of compression and the number of stored events.
Time jumps can happen in a fault record for the following reasons:
• When the clock time is changed manually
• When the clock is corrected by an external time synchronizing device (see the chapter Date and Time
Synchronization 3.4.1 Overview of Functions).
Time jumps shorter than 50 ms are automatically compensated and are not visible in recordings. Time jumps
higher than 50 ms are identified in recordings using a marking line TJ12.
• Fault Recording
[dwfast7k-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
The following logic diagram shows the method of function of the fast-scan recorder.
[lofastsc-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Binary signals
The sampling frequency is a maximum of 16 kHz. This corresponds to 320 sampled values per nominal
period at 50 Hz and 266 sampled values at 60 Hz. Binary changes are recorded at a sampling rate of 4 kHz
and a resolution of 1 ms.
The flash memory of the device is automatically updated for every recording. If the flash memory is full, the
oldest recording is automatically overwritten when the device records a new fault record.
The pre-trigger and post-trigger time is set for all recorders. The recording starts as soon as the recorder is
triggered. The trip signal (trigger cause) can be again inactive during the recording (trigger clears). In this
case, the fault record is limited by the set parameters of the post-trigger time.
Four (4) different possible triggers are available for the fast-scan recorder:
• Trigger from trigger routing
• Manual trigger start
• Triggers on indications
NOTE
i For all trigger types except >Manual start , the parameters Pre-trigger time , Post-trigger
time and Maximum record time apply.
For the trigger type >Manual start the parameter Manual record time applies.
Manual Start
Routing of the binary input >Manual start leads to a recording of fixed length. The length is set based on
the parameter Manual record time .
Triggering from Trigger Routing/External Start/Trigger on Indications/Trigger via IEC 61850 Controllable
With the routing of the binary input >External start, recording is performed as long as the signal is
present and the Post-trigger time is running. The running record ends as soon as the parameters
Post-trigger time or Maximum record time have reached the set values.
Mode
The fast-scan recorder operates only if Mode is set to on .
The recording is ended if Mode is set to off during the recording.
Ring-Buffer Mode
While making a record on the flash memory, the device can determine whether the free space assigned to
the recorder in the recorder partition is too small. As a result of this, as many old records as needed are
deleted – starting with the oldest record – for the complete storage of the current recording. Deleting occurs
even if the record to be deleted is being read at the same moment by DIGSI 5 or a higher control level. In this
case, transmission is canceled.
NOTE
i If the supply voltage is disconnected during a recording, this record will not be lost. The record truncated
by the disconnected supply voltage can be read out after the supply voltage is recovered.
[scfastsc-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The procedure is described in chapter 7.1.2 Step 1: Creating a New Project and Adding a New Device and in
the DIGSI Help .
NOTE
i If you change the capacity of the recorder or delete a recorder instance, the flash memory of the device is
re-organized and all recordings of the device – not just those of the changed recorder – are automatically
and irrevocably deleted.
Before this, save your recordings by exporting them manually in DIGSI 5 or archiving them in SICAM PQS.
Then, delete your recordings in DIGSI 5 to avoid inconsistencies between new and old recordings.
NOTE
i The setting aid Estimated record size is dimmed and thus, you cannot set or change it.
Keep in mind that the estimation refers to typical sinusoidal signals and that the size of a fault record can
increase in the event of distorted signals.
NOTE
i Due to the internal administration data, the complete flash memory size for the storing of recordings is not
available. The Estimated record size is user information in order to be able to estimate how many
recordings can be stored in the reserved flash memory. The actual size of the fault record depends on the
degree of compression and the number of stored events.
NOTE
i The parameter Maximum record time does not apply to fault records which are tripped by manual trig-
gers ( >Manual start ). For these fault records, the parameter Manual record time applies.
NOTE
NOTE
i The pre-trigger time, the post-trigger time, and the maximum record time have no effect in this case.
NOTE
i If you set the parameter of the retrigger blocking time longer that the record time, no trigger events are
recorded within this time!
7.2.6.5 Settings
• Fault Recording
[dwslow7k-161012-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Logic
The following logic diagram shows how the slow-scan recorder functions.
[loslowsc-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The slow-scan recorder can record fault records up to a length of 90 min. Measured values are acquired
based on half periods and averaged over a configurable averaging time. The averaging time can be set from
1 period to 3000 periods. Binary changes are recorded at a sampling rate of 4 kHz and a resolution of 1 ms.
The flash memory of the device is automatically updated for every recording. If the flash memory is full, the
oldest recording is automatically overwritten when the device records a new fault record.
The pre-trigger and post-trigger time is set for all recorders. The recording starts as soon as the recorder is
triggered. The trip signal (trigger cause) can be again inactive during the recording (trigger clears). In this
case, the fault record is limited by the set parameters of the post-trigger time.
4 different possible triggers are available for the slow-scan recorder:
• Trigger from trigger routing
• Manual trigger start
• Triggers on indications
NOTE
i Consider that the maximum record duration and the post-trigger time at high averaging times can be
shorter than expected, since these parameters act as a multiple of the averaging time.
EXAMPLE
Averaging time: 3000 periods (equal to 60 seconds)
Maximum record duration: 200 seconds
Resulting fault record length: 180 seconds
NOTE
i For all trigger types except >Manual start , the parameters Pre-trigger time , Post-trigger
time and Maximum record time apply.
For the trigger type >Manual start the parameter Manual record time applies.
Manual Start
Routing of the binary input >Manual start leads to a recording of fixed length. The length is set based on
the parameter Manual record time.
Triggering from Trigger Routing/External Start/Trigger on Indications/Trigger via IEC 61850 Controllable
With the routing of the binary input >External start , recording is performed as long as the signal is
present and the Post-trigger time is running. The running record ends as soon as the parameters
Post-trigger time or Maximum record time have reached the set values.
Mode
The recorder operates only if the Mode is set to on .
The recording is ended if Mode is set to off during the recording.
Ring-Buffer Mode
While making a record on the flash memory, the device can determine whether the free space assigned to
the recorder in the recorder partition is too small. As a result of this, as many old records as needed are
deleted – starting with the oldest record – for the complete storage of the current recording. Deleting occurs
even if the record to be deleted is being read at the same moment by DIGSI 5 or a higher control level. In this
case, transmission is canceled.
NOTE
i If the supply voltage is disconnected during a recording, this record will not be lost. The record truncated
by the disconnected supply voltage can be read out after the supply voltage is recovered.
[scslosca-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The procedure is described in chapter 7.1.2 Step 1: Creating a New Project and Adding a New Device and in
the DIGSI Help .
NOTE
i If you change the capacity of the recorder or delete a recorder instance, the flash memory of the device is
re-organized and all recordings of the device – not just those of the changed recorder – are automatically
and irrevocably deleted.
Before this, save your recordings by exporting them manually in DIGSI 5 or archiving them in SICAM PQS.
Then, delete your recordings in DIGSI 5 to avoid inconsistencies between new and old recordings.
NOTE
i The setting aid Estimated record size is dimmed and thus, you cannot set or change it.
Keep in mind that the estimation refers to typical sinusoidal signals and that the size of a fault record can
increase in the event of distorted signals.
NOTE
i Due to the internal administration data, the complete flash memory size for the storing of recordings is not
available. The Estimated record size is user information in order to be able to estimate how many
recordings can be stored in the reserved flash memory. The actual size of the fault record depends on the
degree of compression and the number of stored events.
NOTE
NOTE
i The pre-trigger time, the post-trigger time, and the maximum record time have no effect in this case.
NOTE
i The actual record time can differ from the parameterized record time since the actual record time is deter-
mined by the parameterized averaging time. The longer the averaging time, the larger the deviation can
be.
NOTE
i If fault records are recorded with a slow-scan recorder over a long averaging time, brief trigger events are
detected, but not visible in the fault record.
NOTE
NOTE
i If you set the parameter of the retrigger blocking time longer that the record time, no trigger events are
recorded within this time!
7.2.7.5 Settings
[dwcont7k-161012-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Mode
The continuous recorder operates only if Mode is set to on .
The recording is interrupted if Mode is set to off during the recording. Recording starts again if Mode is set
to on again.
NOTE
i In the mode off , the continuous recorder no longer records any measured values, but continues to
record device statuses (time jumps, modes on/off, as well as disconnection and recovery of the supply
voltage).
PQDif recordings are still generated, even though the continuous recorder is set to the mode off. It is
recommended to delete the recorder instance in case of long-term non-use.
Ring-Buffer Mode
With the continuous recorder, data are stored on the flash memory in blocks. With an averaging time up to
and including 300 seconds, these blocks cover a time span of 10 minutes. With longer averaging times, the
blocks cover a time span of 2 hours. If while recording a record, the device determines that the free space
remaining on the record partition is too small, the oldest data block is deleted automatically. During this
process, complete time segments in the specified grid are always lost.
NOTE
i If the supply voltage of the device is disconnected intentionally or by mistake, measuring gaps will appear
for the period of the disconnection. However, the recorded data remains stored and can be read after
recovery of the supply voltage.
[sccontiu-270213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The procedure is described in chapter 7.1.2 Step 1: Creating a New Project and Adding a New Device and in
the DIGSI Help .
NOTE
i If you change the capacity of the recorder or delete a recorder instance, the flash memory of the device is
re-organized and all recordings of the device – not just those of the changed recorder – are automatically
and irrevocably deleted.
Before this, save your recordings by exporting them manually in DIGSI 5 or archiving them in SICAM PQS.
Then, delete your recordings in DIGSI 5 to avoid inconsistencies between new and old recordings.
NOTE
i The setting aid Estimated record time is dimmed and thus, you cannot set or change it.
NOTE
i Due to the internal administration data, the complete flash memory size for the storing of recordings is not
available. The Estimated record time provides user information that helps to estimate how many
recordings can be stored in the reserved flash memory. The actual size of a continuous record depends on
the degree of compression and the number of stored events.
NOTE
i The angles are not determined but rather used at the end of the averaging time with the current value.
7.2.8.5 Settings
[dwtrend7k-160514-01.vsd, 1, en_US]
[dwTrendDef-220514-01, 1, en_US]
For the parameterization, specify a maximum memory capacity for the storage of recordings. The trend
recorder is organized as a ring buffer. When the memory is filled completely, the oldest data are overwritten
automatically.
Mode
The trend recorder operates only if the Mode is set to on .
Recording is interrupted if Mode is set to off during recording. Recording starts again if Mode is set again
to on .
NOTE
i In the mode off , the continuous recorder no longer records any measured values, but continues to
record device statuses (time jumps, modes on/off, as well as disconnection and recovery of the supply
voltage).
PQDif recordings are still generated, even though the trend recorder is set to the mode off. It is recom-
mended to delete the recorder instance in case of long-term non-use.
Ring-Buffer Mode
With the trend recorder, data is stored on the flash memory in blocks. The new data of the last 10-minute
interval are available every 10 minutes. If, while recording of a record, the device determines that the free
space remaining on the recorder partition is too small, the oldest data block is erased automatically. During
this process, complete time segments in the specified grid are always lost.
NOTE
i If the supply voltage of the device is disconnected intentionally or by mistake, measuring gaps will appear
for the period of the disconnection. However, the recorded data remains stored and can be read after
recovery of the supply voltage.
[scTrend-051014, 1, en_US]
The procedure is described in chapter 7.1.2 Step 1: Creating a New Project and Adding a New Device and in
the DIGSI Help .
NOTE
i If you change the capacity of the recorder or delete a recorder instance, the flash memory of the device is
reorganized and all recordings of the device – not just those of the changed recorder – are automatically
and irrevocably deleted.
Before this, save your recordings by exporting them manually in DIGSI 5 or archiving them in SICAM PQS.
Then, delete your recordings in DIGSI 5 to avoid inconsistencies between new and old recordings.
You can find the description for routing the measurand in chapter 7.5.1.2 Using Measurands .
You can find the description on setting the tolerances (frequency and voltage) in the chapters 7.5.2.4 Applica-
tion and Setting Notes and 7.5.3.3 Application and Setting Notes .
7.2.9.5 Settings
General
You can make the following settings in the fast-scan recorder and the slow-scan recorder:
• Pre-trigger time
• Post-trigger time
NOTE
i If you configure the setting of the retrigger blocking time to be longer that the record time, no trigger events
are recorded within this time!
[dwtrig01-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record.
The first part of the recording records the signal profile before the trigger event (Pre-trigger time). Afterwards,
the fault (a) to (b) is recorded. To evaluate the signal behavior even after the failure, the further signal profile
up to the end of the post-trigger time (c) is registered.
[dwtrig02-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-35 Trigger with Pre-trigger Time and Maximum Recording Time
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record.
The first part of the recording of the fault record captures the signal profile before the trigger event (Pre-
trigger time). Afterwards the recording of the trigger events (a) to (b) is done. By setting the maximum record
time, the trigger event cannot be completely recorded and the maximum record time (c) ends the recording.
The configured post-trigger time is disregarded in this case.
[dwtrig03-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-36 Trigger with Pre-Trigger Time, Post-Trigger Time, and Maximum Record Time
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record.
The trigger event is not recorded. The second trigger event extends the recording.
The recording is ended when the post-trigger time expires.
[dwtriwei-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
a Trigger rising edge: Start of the recording of the pre-trigger time and the retrigger blocking time
b Trigger falling edge: Start of the post-trigger time
c End of the retrigger blocking time
d End of recording
t Time line
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record.
The trigger event does not extend the recording due to the retrigger blocking time.
[dwtrig05-140213-02.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-38 Trigger with Pre-Trigger Time, Post-Trigger Time, Maximum Record Time, and Ineffective
Retrigger Blocking Time
a Trigger rising edge: Start of the recording of the pre-trigger time and the retrigger blocking time,
as well as with the 1st trigger event start of the maximum record time
b Trigger falling edge: Start of the post-trigger time
c End of the retrigger blocking time
d End of the post-trigger time
e End of the maximum record time
t Time line
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record.
The retrigger blocking time is ineffective with both trigger events because the duration of the failure is longer
than the configured retrigger blocking time.
Trigger events can result in a recording or in extending the recording. After expiration of this post-trigger time,
the recording continues, because the 2nd trigger event is already detected and recorded.
The configured maximum record time has no influence on the recording because it is longer than all profiles.
Repeated Triggers
To avoid repeated triggers of the device due to limit violations within the shortest time, you can configure a
retrigger block.
[dwtrigka-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
a Trigger rising edge: Start of the recording of the pre-trigger time and the retrigger blocking time,
as well as with the 1st trigger event start of the maximum record time
b Trigger falling edge
c End of the repeated retrigger blocking time
d End of the maximum record time
t Time line
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record. The recording is done in the same way
as in the previous example.
If another limit violation of the same channel (d) occurs within the retrigger blocking time, this does not extend
the fault record but rather only restarts the channel-specific retrigger blocking time.
[dwtrigwi-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
a Trigger rising edge: Start of the recording of the pre-trigger time and the retrigger blocking time,
as well as with the 1st trigger event start of the maximum record time
b Trigger falling edge
c End of the retrigger blocking time, channel 1
d End of the retrigger blocking time, channel 2
e End of the post-trigger time
f End of the maximum record time
t Time line
When a trigger event occurs, the start trigger (a) trips a fault record. Another limit violation of the second
channel occurs within the retrigger blocking time of the first channel (c). This extends the fault record (e)
because the retrigger block acts only on the appropriate channel.
Each individual channel can trip a retrigger. The retrigger blocking time can be activated separately for each
analog input.
[dwmintri-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-41 A New Trigger Reason (Min. Trigger) Extends the Fault Record
If the identical trigger reason (for example, Iph rms: C) occurs again during the retrigger blocking time, the
retrigger blocking time restarts. The fault record is not extended. A new recording is only possible once a
trigger occurs outside the expired retrigger blocking time (see the following figure).
[dwmaxtri-140213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-42 The Fault Record is not Extended with the Same Trigger Reason and Within a Retrigger
Blocking Time
All other active channels can retrigger the fault recorder and thus extend the recording.
NOTE
i • A shortened record results when the device is in the ramp-up phase, a trigger occurs and the pre-
trigger time buffer is not filled by this.
• If the device is in the ramp-up phase and a failure has already occurred, the trigger is ignored.
• If a time jump occurs during the pre-trigger time and before triggering, the recorded pre-trigger time is
reduced to the time interval between the time jump and the trigger time.
The fast-scan and slow-scan recorders have analog and binary triggers.
Each analog trigger can be configured as primary, secondary or percentage value, relative to the rated value,
and switched into the mode ON, OFF or Test.
Fault records generated in test mode are marked with the Test (Test flag) identifier.
Many trigger combinations can be implemented using a CFC chart. To do this, various indications in CFC
blocks are processed into one CFC output signal that can then, for example, be routed to the External Start.
Analog Triggers
In these function blocks level triggers (Min/Max) and gradient trigger (dM/dt) can be configured.
Binary Triggers
Manual Start and External Start are each described in the Chapters 7.3.3.1 Manual Trigger Start and
7.3.3.2 External Trigger Start .
Manual Start and External Start are 2 inputs on each recorder that can be used to start recording. The func-
tion is identical for both triggers. Manual Start is primarily used during commissioning and maintenance.
External Start is of universal use.
[dwfnreco-140313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Hysteresis
If a measurand reaches precisely the magnitude of the maximum or minimum limiting value for level triggers
without hysteresis with slight fluctuations, there are repeated, undesirable fault recordings or undesirable
extended recordings due to retriggering. For this reason, hysteresis is permanently set for all level trigger
variables. This hysteresis is 0.2 % for frequency triggers and usually 2 % of the configured threshold value for
all other trigger variables in each channel. The hysteresis is permanently set for very small threshold values.
After the limiting value is exceeded or dropped below, the signal must have left the hysteresis range. Only
afterwards can triggering again take place with a repeated exceeding or dropping below a limiting value.
[dwhyst01-130213-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[scgrad01-151112-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Via any IEC 61850 client (e.g., SICAM PQS with IEC 61850)
NOTE
i The manual trigger is started by pressing the function keys routed to the >Manual start. In the applica-
tion templates, Function key 1 is the default for the fast-scan recorder and Function key 2 is the default for
the slow-scan recorder (see Figure 7-49).
The record time depends on the configured value Manual record time for the manual trigger start.
[scmantrm-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
If you want to manually start the recording using a function key, you can assign the keys with S (switchover)
or P (trigger pulse).
Siemens recommends to preferably use the setting P (trigger pulse), also see 7.2.3 Function Description).
Recording is started by pressing the routed function key on the operation panel and the activated recorder
records the current signal profile.
• Open the function group Recording-> Function Fast-scan recorder.-> Function block Fst-scan rec..
Route the signal >Manual start.
• For example, set the trigger pulse (P) in the tab Function keys to the function key F1. Then route the
signals Recording started and Recording ended to LED1 and LED2.
This is already the default in the application template.
[schanddi-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The assignments for the function key and the LEDs are completed with these steps.
• The signal Recording started lights up as long as the recording is running.
The signal Recording finished lights briefly after the recording is finished.
• Next, go to the project tree and open the Online access tab.
• A dialog window opens: Select the relevant fault records (Fast Scan, Slow Scan).
[scmantrd-040613-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Then click at the bottom on Properties, next on the function key of your choice and change the name.
[scfnkeys-191112-01.tif, 1, en_US]
You can find more information on the default setting of function keys in the application templates in chapter
4.2 Application Template and Functional Scope for the Fault Recorder .
NOTE
[scexttri-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Route the external trigger start according to the same principle as the manual trigger (refer to 7.3.3.1 Manual
Trigger Start).
If you want to manual start the recording via a binary input, you can assign the inputs with either H (active
with voltage) or with L (active without voltage).
In the Information routing the indication on the tripping of the external trigger can be routed to a binary output
or an LED (refer to 7.2.3 Function Description).
The external start is also required for triggering via a CFC chart (see 7.3.3.4 Trigger Start Using Logic Block
Chart).
IEC GOOSE data type in a CFC chart to one trigger source. You can select the indications and their trigger
conditions on the basis of the imported SCD file (see IEC61850 Communication Protocol Manual ).
For the GOOSE trigger, you preferably use the Boolean data type.
So that the indication can, for example, be routed to >External start, the GOOSE input must be routed via a
logic block chart (refer to the DIGSI 5 manual and following chapter).
• Boolean signals
• GOOSE messages
The creation of CFC charts is described in detail in the DIGSI 5 manual. The CFC chart can be created in the
project tree under Plans.
The trigger, that you select, for example, for the external or manual start of the fault record in the logic block
chart must in all cases be an AND operation.
[sccfctri-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 7-51 Example of a Logic Block Chart with AND Operation Trigger for External Start of the Fault
Record.
NOTE
i If you have AND operation signals in the logic block chart, then avoid a single interconnection of these
signals in the Trigger routing, because this will remove this AND-operation.
• Open the User-defined signals folder and add an SPS indication to the user-defined function block.
• Route the SPS indication to a binary input by selecting the routing option H. The SPS signal is thereby
routed as active with voltage.
• Move the menu bar from left to right and route the SPS indication to the recorder as desired.
[ScTrigDevInd-010715, 1, en_US]
[dwfnvolt-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
A maximum of 3 function blocks of the same type can be entered or removed within the function. In order to
distinguish the function blocks, they automatically receive a sequential number in the name of the function
block, e.g.,. V Fund. Trig 1, V Fund. Trig 2 and V Fund. Trig 3.
Each function block contains the level trigger Max. trigger and Min. trigger, as well as the gradient
trigger dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop active of the corresponding measurand.
Logic
The following logic diagram shows the operating state of a voltage trigger.
[dwlotriu-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The function Voltage Trigger is subdivided into Level and Gradient trigger.
The Level trigger monitors the measurand for minimum and maximum limit violations. The Gradient trigger
monitors the positive slope (increasing) and the negative slope (decreasing) of the measurand for limit viola-
tion. The gradient is formed based on the set filtering time.
A hysteresis of 2 % of the setting value is preset for the level and gradient triggers. This is equal to 0.980 p.u.
for the max. and gradient trigger and 1.020 p.u. for the Min trigger.
Exceeding or dropping below one of the set threshold values leads to trigger tripping. The trigger tripping is
however first effective on the recorders, if you have routed the trigger to the recorder.
Function Blocks
Function blocks of the Voltage Trigger function:
• V Fund. Trig: Setting of the trigger for the fundamental-component value of the measured voltage
• Trig. V RMS: Setting the trigger for the RMS value of the measured voltage
• Trigger V0: Setting of the trigger for the zero-sequence components of the measured voltage
• Trigger V1: Setting of the trigger for the positive-sequence components of the measured voltage
• Trigger V2: Setting of the trigger for the negative-sequence components of the measured voltage
NOTE
i The triggers V Fund. and V RMS are 3-phase building blocks (VA, VB, VC, VAB, VBC, VCA). The set threshold
values have the same effect on all phases.
NOTE
i The thresholds can be set in the primary, secondary, and percentage view. All subsequent setting values
are shown in the secondary view.
Mode
The trigger is switched on, off, or in test mode. In test mode, the fault records are marked with a test flag.
You can find more information on the mode in chapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in
DIGSI 5 .
Measured Value
With the Measured value parameter, you define whether the function block analyzes the phase-to-phase
voltages VAB, VBC, and VCA or the phase-to-ground voltages VA, VB, and VC. This parameter can be adjusted
in the function blocks V Fund. Trig and V RMS Trig.
NOTE
i Take into account that the setting of the trigger in percent always related to the connection type phase-
to-phase.
Filtering Time
With the Filter time parameter, you define the number of the periods with which the gradient is deter-
mined.
[ScVolHys_2014-06-30, 1, 1, en_US]
This figure applies in the same manner for all voltage triggers
Parameter: Mode
With the Max. trigger active parameter, you activate the level trigger in order to monitor the voltage of
the fundamental component and prevent it from exceeding the set values.
Parameter Value Description
yes The voltage of the fundamental component is monitored for overvoltage.
no The voltage of the fundamental component is not monitored for over-
voltage.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
7.4.1.9 Settings
[dwfncurr-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
A maximum of 3 function blocks of the same type can be entered or removed within the function. For unam-
biguous differentiation the function blocks automatically receive a sequential number in the name of the func-
tion block, for example, Trig I RMS 1, Trig I RMS 2, and Trig I RMS 3.
Each function block contains the level trigger Max. trigger and Min. trigger, as well as the gradient
trigger dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop active of the corresponding measurand.
Logic
The following logic diagram shows the operating state of the current trigger.
[dwlotrii-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The function Current trigger is subdivided into Level and Gradient trigger.
The Level trigger monitors the measurand for minimum and maximum limit violations. The Gradient trigger
monitors the positive slope (increasing) and the negative slope (decreasing) of the measurand for limit viola-
tion. The gradient is formed based on the set filtering time.
A hysteresis of 2 % of the setting value is preset for the level and gradient triggers. This is equal to 0.980 p.u.
for the max. and gradient trigger and to 1.020 p.u. for the Min trigger.
Exceeding or dropping below one of the set threshold value leads to trigger tripping. The trigger tripping is
however effective on the recorders only if you have routed the trigger to the recorder.
NOTE
i The thresholds can be set in the primary, secondary, and percentage view. All subsequent setting values
are shown in the secondary view.
Function Blocks
Function blocks of the Current trigger function:
• I Ground. Trig: Setting of the trigger for the fundamental-component value of the measured current
• Trig. I RMS: Setting of the trigger for the RMS value of the measured current
• Trigger I0: Setting of the trigger for the zero-sequence component of the measured current
• Trigger I1: Setting of the trigger for the positive-sequence component of the measured current
• Trigger I2: Setting of the trigger for the negative-sequence component of the measured current
NOTE
i The triggers I Ground. Trig and Trig. I RMS are 3-phase building blocks (I1, I2, I3). The set threshold values
have the same effect on all phases.
NOTE
i The thresholds can be set in the primary, secondary, and percentage view. All subsequent setting values
are shown in the secondary view.
Mode
The trigger is switched on, off, or in test mode. In test mode, the fault records are marked with a test flag.
You can find more information on the mode in chapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in
DIGSI 5 .
Filter time
With the Filter time parameter, you define the number of the periods with which the gradient is deter-
mined.
[ScCurHys_2014-06-30, 1, 1, en_US]
This figure applies in the same manner for all current triggers
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset the factory to 0.980 p.u. of the parameter Max. trigger and can be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameters: dM/dt rise active - dM/dt rise (/Filter time) - dM/dt rise hysteresis - Filter time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameters: dM/dt drop active - dM/dt drop (/Filter time) - Filter time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
With the dM/dt rise active parameter, you activate the gradient trigger in order to monitor the positive
gradients of the current in the zero-sequence system, using the set filtering time (input in periods).
Parameter Value Description
yes The positive gradient of the current in the zero-sequence system is moni-
tored.
no The positive gradient of the current in the zero-sequence system is not
monitored.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
With the Max. trigger active parameter, you activate the level trigger in order to monitor the current in
the negative-sequence system and to prevent it from exceeding the set values.
Parameter Value Description
yes The current in the negative-sequence system is monitored for overcurrent.
no The current in the negative-sequence system is not monitored for overcur-
rent.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
7.4.2.9 Settings
[dwfnfreq-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
A maximum of 3 function blocks of the same type can be entered or removed within the function. For unam-
biguous differentiating the function blocks automatically receive a sequential number in the name of the func-
tion block, for example, Frq. Trigger 1, Frq. Trigger 2, Frq. Trigger 3.
Each function block contains the level trigger Max. trigger and Min. trigger, as well as the gradient
trigger dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop active of the corresponding measurand.
Logic
The following logic diagram shows the operating state of the frequency trigger.
[dwlotrif-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The function Frequency trigger is subdivided into Level and Gradient trigger.
The Level trigger monitors the measurand for minimum and maximum limit violations. The Gradient trigger
monitors the positive slope (increasing) and the negative slope (decreasing) of the measurand for limit viola-
tion. The gradient is formed based on the set filtering time.
A hysteresis of 0.2 % of the setting value is preset for the level and gradient triggers. This is equal to 0.998
p.u. for the max. and gradient trigger and to 1.020 p.u. for the Min trigger.
Exceeding or dropping below one of the set threshold values leads to trigger tripping. The trigger tripping is
however effective on the recorders only if you have routed the trigger to the recorder.
Function Block
The Frequency trigger contains the function block Frq. Trigger 1 with which you can set the trigger for moni-
toring the power frequency.
NOTE
i The thresholds can be set in the primary, secondary, and percentage view. All subsequent setting values
are shown in the secondary view.
Mode
The trigger is switched on, off, or in test mode. In test mode, the fault records are marked with a test flag.
You can find more information on the mode in chapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in
DIGSI 5 .
Filter Time
With the Filter time parameter, you define the number of the periods with which the gradient is deter-
mined.
Gradient Trigger for Rising and Dropping Gradients of the Power Frequency
With the parameters dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop (/Filter time), you define
from which threshold value within the set filtering time a fault record is started.
[ScFrqHys_2014-06-30, 1, 1, en_US]
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.998 p.u. (equal to 0.2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and
can be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.002 p.u. (equal to 0.2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and
can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.998 p.u. (equal to 0.2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/
Filter time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
With the dM/dt drop active parameter, you activate the gradient trigger in order to monitor the negative
gradients of the power frequency using the set filtering time (input in periods).
Parameter Value Description
yes The negative gradient of the power frequency is monitored.
no The negative gradient of the power frequency is not monitored.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.998 p.u. (equal to 0.2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/
Filter time) and can be adjusted.
7.4.3.5 Settings
[dwfnpowe-161012-01.tif, 1, en_US]
A maximum of 3 function blocks of the same type can be entered or removed within the function. For unam-
biguous differentiation the function blocks automatically receive a sequential number in the name of the func-
tion block, for example, Trigger Psum 1, Trigger Psum 2, and Trigger Psum 3.
Each function block contains the level trigger Max. trigger and Min. trigger, as well as the gradient
trigger dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop active of the corresponding measurand.
Logic
The following logic diagram shows the operating state of the power trigger.
[dwlotrip-161012-02.tif, 1, en_US]
The Power trigger function is subdivided into Level and Gradient trigger.
The Level trigger monitors the measurand for minimum and maximum limit violations. The Gradient trigger
monitors the positive slope (increasing) and the negative slope (decreasing) of the measurand for limit viola-
tion. The gradient is formed based on the set filtering time.
A hysteresis of 2 % of the setting value is preset for the level and gradient triggers. This is equal to 0.980 p.u.
for the Max. and gradient trigger and 1.020 p.u. for the Min. trigger.
Exceeding or dropping below one of the set threshold values leads to trigger tripping. The trigger tripping is
however effective on the recorders only if you have routed the trigger to the recorder.
Function Blocks
Function blocks of the Power Trigger function:
• Trigger Psum: Setting of the trigger for the sum active power
• Trigger Qsum: Setting of the trigger for the sum reactive power
• Trigger Ssum: Setting of the trigger for the sum apparent power
NOTE
i The thresholds can be set in the primary, secondary, and percentage view. All subsequent setting values
are shown in the secondary view.
Mode
The trigger is switched on, off, or in test mode. In test mode, the fault records are marked with a test flag.
You can find more information on the mode in chapter 7.1.3 Step 2: Setting the Parameters and Routing in
DIGSI 5 .
Filter Time
With the parameter Filter time, you define the number of periods with which the gradient is determined.
Gradient Trigger for Rising and Dropping Gradients of the Active, Reactive, and Apparent Power
With the parameters dM/dt rise (/Filter time) and dM/dt drop (/Filter time), you define
from which threshold value within the set filtering time a fault record is started.
[ScPwrHys_2014-06-30, 1, 1, en_US]
This figure applies in the same manner for all power triggers
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
With the dM/dt rise active parameter, you activate the gradient trigger in order to monitor the positive
gradients of the sum active power using the set filtering time (input in periods).
Parameter Value Description
yes The positive gradient of the sum active power is monitored for exceeding
the set values.
no The positive gradient of the sum active power is not monitored for
exceeding the set values.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
With the Max. trigger active parameter, you activate the level trigger in order to monitor the sum reac-
tive power for exceeding the set values.
Parameter Value Description
yes The sum reactive power is monitored for exceeding the set values.
no The sum reactive power is not monitored for exceeding the set values.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: Mode
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Max. trigger and can
be adjusted.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 1.020 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter Min. trigger and can
be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Rise Active - dM/dt Rise (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Rise Hysteresis - Filter Time
With the dM/dt rise active parameter, you activate the gradient trigger in order to monitor the positive
gradients of the sum apparent power using the set filtering time (input in periods).
Parameter Value Description
yes The positive gradient of the sum apparent power is monitored.
no The positive gradient of the sum apparent power is not monitored.
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt rise (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
Parameter: dM/dt Drop Active - dM/dt Drop (/Filter Time) - dM/dt Drop Hysteresis - Filter Time
The hysteresis is preset at the factory to 0.980 p.u. (equal to 2 %) of the parameter dM/dt drop (/Filter
time) and can be adjusted.
7.4.4.7 Settings
7.5.1 Measurands
Function Description
The sampled values (SAV) are automatically routed to the Fast-scan recorder and cannot be changed by the
user. The measured values, on the other hand, are formed from the sampled values. You can route the
measured values manually in Information routing.
After you have instantiated the Recorder routing function and the desired function blocks, you can assign the
measured values to the individual recorders in the Information routing.
[scinfora-280113-01.tif, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The measured values under the Recorder routing V and Recorder Routing VI functions are optimized
specifically for recording. Preferably use these measured values for routing to the various recorders.
Operational measured values can also be recorded. However, this is not recommended because of the
low refresh rate for the 7KE85 fault recorder.
Frequency
Long-term supervision can be performed using the measurand Routing f:f.
You will find information about the average value, the refresh rate, and the recommended routing of the
frequency measurands in the following table.
NOTE
i The frequency is calculated based on the positive-sequence system components. The calculated
frequency is always 0 for a zero-sequence or negative-sequence system.
Table 7-11 Using Measuring-Transducer Measurands – I/O Modules (for Example, IO212)
PQ 10/12 Cycles
The measurement determines the RMS value of the power voltage over a 10-period time interval for 50 Hz
distribution systems and over a 12-period time interval for 60 Hz distribution systems. All 10/12-period time
intervals are captured without gaps and without overlaps
You will find information about the average value, the refresh rate, and the recommended routing of the PQ
10/12 cycles in the following tables.
17 Can be set in the Measurement window parameter: 10 ms; 20 ms; 40 ms; 60 ms; 80 ms; 100 ms
PQ Trend
PQ Flicker
The short-term flicker severity Pst PQ flicker and the long-term flicker severity Plt PQ flicker are determined for
phase-to-ground and delta voltages (depending on the connection type). The flicker is measured in all 3
voltage channels of the corresponding feeder. Flicker appear with a frequency between 0.005 Hz and 35 Hz.
The flicker severity is determined as follows:
• Short-term flicker severity Pst: over 10 minutes (short-term flicker), permanently set
• Long-term flicker severity Plt: over 2 hours (12 Pst values), permanently set
NOTE
i Pinst and Pimx serve as the qualification of the flicker algorithm and are not available for long-term
recording.
You will find information about the average value, the refresh rate, and the recommended routing of the
frequency measurands in the following table.
Frequency
Current
Voltage
Power
PQ 10/12 Cycles
PQ Trend
PQ Flicker
7.5.2.3 Indications
Indications can be routed on recorders that are available via the GOOSE configurator.
Only SPS indications can be routed in DIGSI 5.
[Screcrou-030614-01, 1, en_US]
7.5.2.5 Settings
Frequency
Voltage
PQ 10/12 Cycles
PQ Trend
PQ Flicker
7.5.3.4 Settings
Frequency
Current
Voltage
Power
PQ 10/12 Cycles
PQ Trend
PQ Flicker
8.1 Overview
SIPROTEC 5 devices are equipped with an extensive and integrated supervision concept. Continuous super-
vision:
• Ensures the availability of the technology used
• Avoids subfunction and overfunction of the device
SIPROTEC 5 devices are freely configurable. A load model is integrated in DIGSI 5. The load model prevents
you from overloading the device with an excessively large application.
The load model shows the device utilization and the response times for device functions. If it determines that
an application created is likely to overload the device, DIGSI prevents the application from being loaded into
the device.
In this rare case, you must then reduce the application in order to be able to load it into the device.
The load model can be found in the DIGSI 5 project tree under Name of the device → Device information. In
the operating range, select the Resource consumption setting sheet. The following figure shows an example
of the view of the load model in DIGSI 5:
[scressou_n, 1, en_US]
A green total display for the processor response time indicates that the device is not overloaded by the
present application. On the other hand, if you see a red exclamation mark, the planned application is over-
loading the device.
The list below the total display shows the individual functional areas. These areas combine functions with the
same real-time requirements in groups. A green display in front of an area (see Figure 8-1) indicates that the
response times of the functions grouped in this area can be maintained. A red exclamation point indicates
that functions may have longer response times than are specified in the Technical data for the device. In such
a case, loading of the application into the device is blocked.
The following table provides an overview of the functional areas and the most important influencing quantities
on device utilization:
Functional Brief Description Change in Load
Area
CFC event- CFC-charts, which must be Adding or removing CFC charts in the fast event-triggered
triggered, fast processed especially fast process range
• Create CFC chart
• Delete CFC chart
• Change the process range in the properties of the
CFC chart
Add to or remove from CFC charts in the fast event-trig-
gered process area
Measuring Provision of measured values Adding or removing
points for measuring functions • Measuring points (in the Measuring-points routing
Editor)
• Function groups that provide measured-value prepro-
cessing for insertable functions
If the load model displays a warning, bear in mind the following general instructions:
The areas named in the table are listed in descending order of real time requirements. If a warning appears to
the effect that the guaranteed response times may be exceeded in an area, you may be able to return to the
permitted area by taking the following measures:
• Reduce the functional scope in the marked area (red exclamation mark)
• Reduce the functional scope in another area with higher real time requirements
When you have reduced the application, check the display in resource consumption! If a function has been
switched off, it will continue to represent a load for the area. If you do not need the function, delete it rather
than switching it off.
When you order a SIPROTEC 5 device, you are also ordering a function-points account for use of additional
functions.
The following figure illustrates consumption of function points in the current application with respect to the
existing function-points account.
[scfpunkt-141210-01, 1, en_US]
The remaining white bar shows the function points that have not yet been used up by your configuration. The
number of function points available in a device depends on the device purchase order (position 20 of the
product code). You can also order function points subsequently, and so increase the function-points account
for the device.
NOTE
i Find out the function-points requirement for the desired application before ordering the device. For this,
you can use the device configurator.
All CFC function blocks can be assigned to all the task levels. There are no device-specific function blocks. If
enough ticks are available, all CFC charts can be created in the same task level. A tick is the measure of the
performance requirement of CFC blocks.
The number of available ticks for each task is calculated depending on the created device configuration. This
calculation is based on the previously described load model. In this process, it is recommended to create all
selected functions and objects first followed by configuration of the CFC charts so that a realistic information
about the remaining system capacitance for CFC charts is available. Significantly exceeding the typical
response time is prevented by the load model by limiting the number of CFC function blocks in the corre-
sponding task level via the number of ticks available.
The typical response times for CFC tasks are listed in the Technical Data.
The following figure shows an example of the CFC chart capacitances in DIGSI calculated by the load model.
The ticks available for each task are shown here. The green bars represent the ticks used in the task levels.
You reach this dialog with the following call: Device → Device information → Resource consumption.
[sc-cfc-statistic, 1, en_US]
NOTE
i The fast-event-triggered CFC charts have the highest priority and are processed before all other tasks. At
this level, a considerable smaller number of ticks are available than at all other tasks. It is recommended to
configure only very-high-priority logic functions at this task and to configure the other logic functions in any
other level.
NOTE
i Empty CFC charts also consume system resources. Empty charts that are not required any more should
be deleted.
[dwivsstr-060214-01.vsd, 1, en_US]
[sc_ivslib, 1, en_US]
Following the instantiation of the function group in the DIGSI project tree, it appears in the information routing
of DIGSI (see the following figure). The status indications of the supervision groups can be routed here, for
example, to existing binary outputs and/or logs.
[sc_ivsrou, 1, en_US]
Set the binary input used for signaling-voltage supervision within one input/output module using the setting
option (see the following figure). This binary input monitors the presence of the signaling voltage. If the
signaling voltage fails, this sets the quality attribute for all other binary inputs of the parameterized input/
output module to invalid. The signal status of each of these binary inputs is frozen with its last valid value
prior to the occurrence of the fault. The quality attribute of the binary inputs for other input/output modules are
not taken into consideration by this.
If the signaling voltage again exceeds the binary threshold, the quality attribute of the binary inputs is reset to
valid.
[sc_ivsgrp, 1, en_US]
NOTE
You can also combine binary inputs across modules in one Supervision group function block, and define any
binary input within this group for the supervision of the signaling voltage. For this purpose, place a check
mark at the parameter (_:102) Enable variable group when configuring the supervision group. This
extends the parameter menu by the sections Start supervision group and End supervision group (see the
following figure).
[sc_gruppe_de, 1, en_US]
There, for example, you are able to combine 1 to n different binary inputs into one supervision group. When
doing so, the binary inputs on the input/output modules assignable to a supervision group must be related
logically. With 3 input/output modules, for example, this allows only consecutive binary inputs to be grouped
on the modules 1+2 or 2+3, but no binary inputs on modules 1+3. The binary inputs used for supervision can
be located on any input/output module within the group defined in this manner.
If you have to monitor several binary inputs that, for example, work with different signaling voltages from
different sources, then you can also instantiate and configure several Supervision group function blocks
within the Signaling-voltage supervision function group accordingly.
Within different supervision groups, only those consecutive binary inputs that are not already assigned to
another supervision group can be grouped. The overlapping of binary inputs in different supervision groups is
not permitted.
Example: There are 4 input/output modules. Binary inputs of input/output module 1+2 are already combined
in supervision group 1. The 2 last binary inputs on module 2 are not included in the grouping. Thus, only
these 2 binary inputs not used in the supervision group 1 of the input/output module 2 as well as, where appli-
cable, further consecutive binary inputs of input/output modules 3+4 can be combined in supervision group 2.
Error parameters are displayed to you by inconsistency indications in DIGSI.
count as the 2nd I/O module followed by additional I/O modules (3 to n) in the expansion boards of the
device.
8.3.1.5 Settings
[dwstrusy-300913, 2, en_US]
[lokenuns-040211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[lospasym-100611-01.tif, 2, en_US]
The Threshold min/max parameter is the criterion by which a phase-to-phase voltage unbalance is
measured. The device calculates the ratio between the minimum (Vmin) and the maximum (Vmax) phase-to-
phase voltage.
Enter the lower limit of the maximum phase-to-phase voltage (Vmax) with the parameter Release
threshold. This specifies the lower limit of the operating range of this function.
Operate delay
If it falls below the balance factor Threshold min/max and at the same time the maximum phase-to-phase
voltage exceeds the Release threshold, the Operate delay begins. If both conditions persist during
this time, the indication Failure is generated.
8.3.2.5 Settings
NOTE
i For the Voltage-sum supervision, the externally generated residual voltage must be connected to the 4th
voltage measuring input.
For the Voltage-sum supervision to work correctly, the Matching ratio Vph / VN parameter must be
set accordingly.
[dwstrvss-100611-01.tif, 2, en_US]
[lokenvss-100611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[lovssumm-140611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The device measures the phase-to-ground voltage and the ground voltage of the lines to be protected. The
sum of the 4 voltages must be 0.
Threshold
If the calculated fault voltage (VF) exceeds the Threshold, the parameter Operate delay triggers the indi-
cation Failure.
The device calculates the fault voltage (VF) with the formula:
VF = |VA+ VB + VC + Vph/VN • VN |, where Vph/VN forms the Matching ratio Vph / VN parameter.
The Matching ratio Vph / VN parameter takes into account the differing transformation ratios between
the residual voltage input and the phase-voltage inputs.
More information in this respect can be found in chapter 8.3.3.1 Overview of Functions ).
Operate delay
When the threshold value for the Operate delay is exceeded, the indication Failure is generated.
Parameter: Threshold
Set the Operate delay parameter so that overfunctions due to disturbing influences (such as switching
operations) are avoided. Siemens recommends using the default setting.
8.3.3.5 Settings
[dwstrvrs-060611-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Logic
[lovrsymm-100611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The device compares the measured phase sequence with the set phase-rotation direction.
You can find detailed information in the section Power-system data.
The phase rotation is important for protection functions which process phase, loop, and directional informa-
tion. The connection of the currents to the device does not depend on the selected phase sequence.
The connection diagrams are shown in the section Appendix.
Operate delay
When the device detects an inverted phase-rotation direction for the duration of the Operate delay, the
indication Failure is generated.
8.3.4.5 Settings
[dwbwsstr-070311-01.tif, 2, en_US]
• Depending on the supervision mode, you can add a marker for blocking protection functions for the
affected phases.
[lobwstr1-070311-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Figure 8-14 Stages of the Broken-Wire Detection Function Using the Differential Protection
Broken-Wire Suspected
The Broken-wire detection function monitors the dynamic behavior of the currents of each phase and of all
measuring points. For this purpose, the instantaneous values of the currents are checked for their plausibility.
Each expected violation must be confirmed by additional criteria before a wire break can be detected and
signaled with assurance.
NOTE
i If the secondary circuits of the current transformers are accidentally opened while the broken-wire detec-
tion is on, functions like the differential protection are blocked phase-segregated and no longer initiate trip-
ping. Hazardous overvoltages can be generated at the open circuit of the current transformer in this condi-
tion which are not eliminated because the differential protection is blocked.
The detection of the local broken-wire suspected is performed on each 3-phase current measuring point of
the device selectively for each phase. Depending on the protected object, the detection is based on perma-
nent (line differential protection) or frequency-adjusted instantaneous values (transformer differential protec-
tion).
Detection:
A wire break initially manifests itself as a sudden decrease of the current below the minimum threshold of
0.06 I/I rated. A plausibility test on one period of past instantaneous values confirms this condition. If the criteria
for the local wire break are satisfied, the affected phase is marked with Broken-wire suspected.
Resetting:
The broken-wire suspected is reset by phase current flowing again , by a reset criterion of the broken-wire
check or by a binary input signal. Binary resetting can be useful during laboratory tests among other applica-
tions.
Indication
If the broken-wire detection by the broken-wire check has not been reset within 10 ms, it will be indicated.
The indication is held stable for the duration of at least 3 periods.
Broken-Wire Check
To prevent unwanted pickup of this monitoring function caused by special operating conditions, for example
fault, maintenance, test, etc., a local broken-wire suspected must be confirmed by additional other criteria.
These criteria are checked on the level of the protection functions (Protection function group).
If at least one of the following criteria contradicting wire break is satisfied, the locally set broken-wire
suspected is reset including any associated protection blocking.
Local resetting criteria:
• At least one protection function has picked up.
• An assigned circuit-breaker is open.
• Jump detection on a different local current channel of the same phase without broken-wire suspected
• Local overcurrent, that is, for at least one local phase applies Iph > 2· Irated
• Local overcurrent at the opposite end, that is true for at least one phase Iph > 2· Irated
• No blocking
– A wire break is only signaled.
• Blocking
– Each broken-wire suspected must cause the affected protection functions to be blocked. Affected
phases are marked with “protection blocked”.
• Automatic blocking
– In addition to broken-wire suspected, you can make the blocking dependent on the criterion that the
maximum differential current of all phases does not exceed a settable threshold value Delta
value for autoblock for the differential protection. The phases to be blocked are marked.
Differential protection functions and protection functions that pick up on unbalanced currents are blocked.
Each individual protection function is responsible for the actual blocking and is described there, too.
Parameter: Mode
• Recommended setting value (_:102) Delta value for autoblock = 1.00 I/IN
With the Delta value for autoblock parameter you can make the blocking decision for protection func-
tions dependent on the amount of the differential current.
8.3.5.5 Settings
[dwstrsym-060611-01.tif, 2, en_US]
[losymmke-040211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[locbsymm-100611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The Threshold min/max parameter is the criterion by which unbalance in the phase currents is measured.
The device calculates the ratio between the minimum (Imin) and the maximum (Imax) phase current.
Enter the lower limit of the maximum phase current (Imax) with the parameter Release threshold. This
specifies the lower limit of the operating range of this function.
Operate delay
If it falls below the balance factor Threshold min/max and at the same time the maximum phase current
exceeds the Release threshold, the tripping delay begins. If both conditions persist during this time, the
indication Failure is generated.
• Recommended setting value (_:101) Release threshold = 0.5 A for Irated = 1 A or 2.5
A for Irated = 5 A
The Release threshold parameter is used to set the lower limit of the maximum phase current (Imax).
8.3.6.5 Settings
• 3 current transformers and one summation current transformer connected (see Figure A-7 in the Attach-
ment)
• 2 current transformers and one summation current transformer connected (see Figure A-10 in the
Attachment)
NOTE
i For current-sum supervision, the ground current of the line to be protected must be connected to the 4th
current measurement input (IN).
[dwstrcss-300913, 2, en_US]
[lokensum-300311-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Logic
[locssumm-140611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The Slope factor and Threshold parameters are used to set the fault-current limit (IFmax) for the
current-sum supervision. The device calculates this fault current limit with the formula:
IFmax = Threshold + Slope factor • Σ| I |
The device uses the current inputs (IA, IB, IC and IN) to calculate:
• The fault current IF = |IA + IB + IC + kl• IN|
• The maximum current Σ| I | = | IA| + |IB| +| IC| + |kl• IN|
with kI taking into account a possible difference from the transformation ratio of a separated ground-current
transformer (IN), for example, cable type current transformer.
• Transformation ratio of residual-current converter: RatioN
[foglchki-040211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Threshold
The Threshold parameter is the lower limit of the operating range of the Current-sum supervision function.
Operate delay
When the calculated fault current (IF) exceeds the calculated fault current limit (IFmax), the Operate delay
starts. If the threshold-value violation persists for that time, the Failure indication is generated.
Parameter: Threshold
• Recommended setting value (_:102) Threshold = 0.1 A for Irated = 1 A or 0.5 A for Irated = 5 A
The Threshold parameter is used to set the maximum phase current (Imax).
8.3.7.5 Settings
[dwstrcrs-040211-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Logic
[locrsymm-100611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The device compares the measured phase sequence with the set phase-rotation direction.
You can find detailed information in the section Power-system data.
The phase rotation is important for protection functions which process phase, loop, and directional informa-
tion. The connection of the currents to the device does not depend on the selected phase sequence.
The connection diagrams are shown in the section Appendix.
Operate delay
When the device detects an inverted phase sequence for the duration of the Operate delay the indication
Failure is generated.
8.3.8.5 Settings
8.4.1 Overview
The correct state of the device hardware is a requirement for the correct functioning of the device. The failure
or erroneous function of a hardware component leads to device malfunctions.
The following modules of the device hardware are monitored:
• Base module
• Expansion modules
• USB interface
• Battery voltage
• SDHC memory card (see also A.9 Troubleshooting SDHC Memory Card )
Failures which can partially be corrected by a restart of the device. The device goes briefly out of operation.
Such errors are, for example:
• Memory error (RAM) in the base module
• Faulty module
NOTE
i If the error has not be rectified after 3 unsuccessful attempts, the system automatically recognizes it as a
severe device malfunction. The device goes permanently out of operation into a secure state (fallback
mode).
Fatal device errors with outage of central components: The device goes permanently out of operation into a
secure state (fallback mode).
Such errors are, for example:
• Memory error (flash) in the base module
• CPU/Controller/FPGA error in the base module
You can find the detailed description, in table form, of the fault responses at the end of chapter 8 . You will
find corresponding corrective measures there.
• Detection of failures in the device-internal measuring circuits ( for example, analog-digital converter )
• Blocking of protection and control functions that process the measured values from this current meas-
uring point (for example, differential protection). This avoids an overfunction of the device.
The supervision principle is based on fast current sum supervision with connection of the neutral-point current
to the 4th current measurement input. In order to ensure that even the fast tripping stages of the protection
functions can be blocked in time before a spurious pickup, the fast current measurement is based on instan-
taneous values.
For Analog-digital converter supervision, the neutral-point current of the line to be protected must be
connected to the 4th current measuring input (IN). The 4th current measuring input must be routed via the
current-transformer neutral point (IN neutral point) (see next figure).
[tileite2-070211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure 8-23 Connection to a 3-Phase Current Transformer and Measured Zero-Sequence Current
(Current in Common Return Path)
NOTE
i The analog channel supervision via fast current sum is only available when the 4th current input is a
protection-class current transformer. In the DIGSI 5 project tree, under Device → Measuring-point routing,
set the connection type 3-phase + IN for the current measuring point.
[dwschstr-040211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[lokenisu-240413-01.tif, 2, en_US]
Figure 8-25 Characteristic Curve of the Supervision of the Device-Internal Analog-Digital Converters
Logic
[losumsch-240413-01.tif, 3, en_US]
Figure 8-26 Logic Diagram of the Supervision of the Device-Internal Analog-Digital Converters
When the output signal A/D converter monit. is active, certain protection functions are blocked to avoid
failures (see 11.5.8 Analog Channel Supervision via Fast Current Sum ).
NOTE
Threshold Value
The threshold value is the lower limit of the operating range of the Supervision of the device-internal analog-
digital converters function.
The threshold value is fixed to 10 % of the device rated current.
The slope of the characteristic 2 is fixed to 0.95. The base point of the slope of the characteristic 2 is fixed to
10.
• Program-sequence error
Fatal firmware error. The device goes permanently out of operation into a secure state (fallback mode).
Such errors are, for example:
• Device startup with faulty new parameter set. No usable parameter set is present.
• Device startup with version error
• CFC-runtime error
Supervision
With the supervision of the communication connections, every communication port is monitored selectively.
• Failures are detected and indicated via the operational log. The device remains in operation!
• Each port additionally is equipped with a separate communication log, with which details of the failures
(for example, error rate) are displayed.
• Disturbed time-synchronization signals can lead to an automatic change of the source of time synchroni-
zation.
Normally, you can correct communication failures by checking the external connections or by replacing the
affected communication modules. In chapter 8.8.4 Defect Severity 3 , you will find the detailed description, in
tabular form, of the error responses. Corresponding corrective measures can also be found there.
8.8.1 Overview
When device errors occur and the corresponding supervision functions pick up, this is displayed on the
device and also indicated. Device errors can lead to corruption of data and signals. These data and signals
are marked and tagged as invalid, so that affected functions automatically go into a secure state. If the super-
vision functions pick up, this will lead to defined error responses.
Error Responses
Fallback Mode
Group-Warning Indication Group Warning
Are Inactive
Defect severity 1 x x x
Defect severity 2 x x During the x
starting
time of the
device
Defect severity 3 x x x x
Defect severity 4 x x x
Defect severity 1 faults allow the continued safe operation of the device. Defect severity 1 faults are indicated.
The device remains in operation.
When the supervision functions pick up, corrupted data and signals are marked as invalid. In this way, the
affected functions can go into a secure state. Whether functions are blocked is decided in the appropriate
function itself. For more detailed information, refer to the function descriptions.
Live status contact Remains activated
Red error LED Is not activated
Log
For every device fault, a corresponding supervision indication is generated. The device records these indica-
tions with a real-time stamp in the operational log. In this way they are available for further analyses. If super-
visions in the communication interfaces area of the device pick up, there is a separate communication log
available for each port. Extended diagnostic indications and measured values are available there. The
device-diagnosis log contains expanded fault descriptions. There you also receive recommendations of corre-
sponding corrective measures for each detected device error.
You can find further information on handling the logs in chapter 3 .
Overview of Errors
Faults of defect severity 2 are fatal device faults that lead to an immediate restart of the device (reset).
This occurs when the device data is corrupted (for example, RAM memory), if a restart prevents restoration of
data consistency. The device goes briefly out of operation, a failure is avoided.
Life contact Is terminated during the restart
Red error LED Is activated during the restart
NOTE
i If the fault of defect severity 2 has not be been removed after 3 unsuccessful restarts (reset), the fault is
automatically assigned to defect severity 3. The device will automatically turn to the fallback mode.
Log
For every device error with a subsequent restart (reset), only the restart can be detected in the operational
log. The actual supervision indication is entered in the device-diagnosis log at the point in time of the fault
detection and before the restart. These indications are recorded with a real-time stamp and are thus available
for later analyses. The device-diagnosis log contains expanded fault descriptions. There you also receive
recommendations of corresponding corrective measures for each detected device error.
You can find further information on handling the logs in chapter 3 .
Overview of Errors
Faults of defect severity 3 are fatal device faults that lead to device immediately going into the fallback mode.
The signal (_:301) Device status goes to the Alarm state. The Warning state is not supported for this
signal.
Fatal device errors are errors that cannot be resolved by a restart of the device. In this case, contact the
Customer Support Center. The device goes permanently out of operation, a failure is avoided. In the fallback
mode, minimal operation of the device via the on-site operation panel and DIGSI is possible. In this way, for
example, you can still read out information from the device-diagnosis log.
Life contact Is terminated in the fallback mode
Red error LED Is activated in the fallback mode
Log
For every device error that immediately leads to entry into the fallback mode, entries from supervision
messages and from the signal (_:301) Device status into the operational log are not possible. The
actual supervision indication is entered in the device-diagnosis log at the point in time of the fault detection,
that is, before entry into the fallback mode. These indications are recorded with a real-time stamp and are
thus available for later analyses. The device-diagnosis log contains expanded fault descriptions. There, you
are offered recommendations of corresponding corrective measures for each detected device error.
You can find further information on handling the logs in chapter 3 .
Overview of Errors
Errors of defect severity 4 are not device failures in the classical meaning. These errors do not affect the
device hardware and are not detected or reported by internal device supervision functions. The condition of
the defect severity 4 – the group alarm – is set user-specifically by the binary input signal (_:503) >Group
alarm. If the binary input signal is reset, the device is no longer in the Group alarm condition and all func-
tions return to the normal operating state.
If the group alarm is generated, the device reacts as follows:
• The group indication (_:300) Group alarm is generated and recorded in the operational log.
• The device remains in operation, does not carry out any restart (reset), and does not switch to the safe
condition (Fallback mode).
• The signals managed internally are marked with the invalid quality attribute. Signals managed inter-
nally are, for example, measured values, binary input and output signals, GOOSE and CFC signals.
In the delivery condition, every device has the CFC chart Process mode inactive, that initiates the Group
alarm (see chapter 8.9 Group Indications and Predefined CFC Charts ).
Life contact Is terminated in case of Group alarm
Red error LED Is initiated in case of Group alarm
Log
The group indication (_:300) Group alarm is recorded in the operational log. Depending on the cause of
the initiation, further information can be found in the operational log.
You can find further information on handling the logs in chapter 3 .
[scgrwarn-010313-01, 1, en_US]
Figure 8-27 Group Monitoring Indication in the DIGSI 5 Information Routing Matrix
The group-warning indication (_:301) Group warning is prerouted to an LED of the base module.
Group Indication
The Group indication is used only for user-specific purposes. There is no internal device supervision
function that activates this indication. If the binary input signal (_:505) >Group Indication is set, the
indication (_:302) Group indication is activated and recorded in the operational log. In the delivery
condition, there is no further response of the device. If the binary input signal is reset, the signal (_:302)
Group indication drops out. You can define via a CFC chart when the binary input signal (_:505)
>Group Indication is to be set.
[dwomverf-010212-01.tif, 1, en_US]
For the display, the measured values of a SIPROTEC 5 device are summed up in the following groups:
• Operational measured values
[dwomvstr-110912-01.tif, 1, en_US]
The Operational measured values and Fundamental components measured value groups can be inserted
from the DIGSI 5 library into the 3-phase voltage and Voltage/current 3-phase function groups.
Details regarding the individual measured value groups can be found in the tables in the following chapters.
Active power
Apparent power
Reactive power
n Harmonic order
jn The angle difference between the voltage and current of the nth harmonic
Power factor
Table 9-1 Operational Measured Values of the Voltage/Current 3-Phase Function Group
NOTE
i With the P, Q sign parameter in the function block General, the sign of the following measured values
of the respective function group can be inverted:
• Active power (total): P total
• Active power (phase-related): PA, PB, PC
Fundamental Components
Symmetrical Components
• Synchronization time for establishing the date of commencement updating information, for example, at
the top of the hour (hh:00) or at one of the other times (hh:15, hh:30, hh:45).
(Parameter: Average synchroniz. time )
Average values are formed through the following measurands:
• Operational measured values except for phase-related ratings
NOTE
i With the P, Q sign parameter in the function block General, the sign of the following measured values
of the respective function group can be inverted (see Chapter 9.2 Structure of the Function Structure of the
Function, section Inversion of Output-Related Measured and Statistical Values):
• Active power (total): P total
• Reactive power (total): Q total
The average value formation functionality is not preconfigured with the devices in the function group. If you
use the functionality, you must load it from the library into the respective function group.
The following settings listed for the calculation of the average values can be set with DIGSI and at the device.
You find the setting parameters in DIGSI in the project tree under Settings > Device settings.
NOTE
The following examples explain how to set parameters and to make a change.
A new average value is formed every 30 min, at hh:15 (15 min after the top of the hour) and hh:45 (15 min
before the top of the hour). All measured values obtained during the last 60 min are used for average value
formation.
If these settings are changed to 11:03:25, for instance, the average values are first reset and "---" appears in
the display. The 1st average value is then formed at 12:15:00.
In this example, the Average synchroniz. time = hh:45 acts as described above for = hh:15.
A new average value is formed every 60 min at hh:15 (15 min after the top of the hour). All measured values
obtained during the last 60 min are used for average value formation.
If these settings are changed to 11:03:25, for instance, the average values are first reset and "---" appears in
the display. The 1st average value is then formed at 12:15:00.
A new average value is formed every 10 min at hh:00, hh:10, hh:20, hh:30, hh:40, hh:50. All measured
values obtained during the last 5 min are used to form the average value.
If these settings are changed to 11:03:25, for instance, the average values are first reset and "---" appears in
the display. The 1st average value is then formed at 11:10:00.
Minimum and maximum values can be formed based on different measured or calculated measurands:
• Operational measured values
• Symmetrical components
• Selected values
You can set which measurand will be used. The measurands for the minimum/maximum formation are loaded
from DIGSI.
Calculation and resetting of the minimum and maximum values are controlled through settings. The settings
describe the following points:
• Memories of the minimum/maximum values are reset to 0 cyclically or not at all.
(Setting Min/Max cyclic reset )
• Point in time when the memories of the minimum/maximum values are reset to 0.
(Setting Min/Max reset each and setting Min/Max reset minute )
• Point in time at which the cyclical reset procedure of the minimum/maximum values begins (after the
parameterization)
(Setting Min/Max days until start )
The following figure shows the effect of the settings.
[dwminmax-100611-01.tif, 1, en_US]
• Average values
The minimum and maximum values are reset on a regular basis or via the
• Binary input >Reset min/max
• DIGSI
NOTE
i With the P, Q sign parameter in the function block General, the sign of the following measured values
of the respective function group can be inverted (see Chapter 9.2 Structure of the Function Structure of the
Function, section Inversion of Output-Related Measured and Statistical Values):
• Minimum/maximum values of the active and reactive power:
Min:Ptotal, Max:Ptotal, Min:Qtotal, Max:Qtotal
• Minimum/maximum values of the average values of the active and reactive power:
AverageMin:Ptotal, AverageMax:Ptotal, AverageMin:Qtotal, AverageMax:Qtotal
The minimum/maximum values functionality is not preconfigured. If you want to use the functionality, you
must load it from the library into the respective function group.
The following settings listed for the calculation of the minimum/maximum values can be set with DIGSI or at
the device. You find the setting parameters in DIGSI in the project tree under Settings > Device settings.
10.1 Overview
Various tests have to be performed for commissioning to warrant the correct function of the device.
For tests using secondary test equipment, make sure that no other measurands are locked in and trip and
close commands to the circuit breakers are interrupted, unless otherwise indicated.
Secondary tests can never replace primary tests because they cannot include connection faults. They provide
a theoretical check of the setting values only.
Primary tests may be done only by qualified personnel who are familiar with the commissioning of protection,
monitoring and fault recording systems, with the operation of the system, and with safety regulations and
provisions (switching, grounding, etc.).
Switching operations also have to be performed for the commissioning. The described tests require that these
be capable of being performed safely. They were not conceived for operational checks.
Functional tests must be repeated at regular intervals and include:
• Current and voltage measured values
• Binary Inputs and Outputs
• Trigger settings
• Communication interfaces
• Q is positive if the lagging reactive power flows in the line or in the monitored object.
• P is negative if the lagging reactive power flows to the busbar or out of the monitored object.
If the power measured values have a different sign than expected, then the power flow is opposite to the
current-direction definition. This can be the case, for example, at the opposite end of the line. The set of
current transformers then points in the direction of the monitored object (such as the line).
If the values are not as expected, it may be due to a polarity reversal at the voltage connection.
As a final step, switch off the system.
Switching time OOT (Output Operating Time) Closing time, typical: 0.2 ms
Additional delay of the output medium used Opening time, typical: 6 ms
Maximum: ≤ 9 ms
Rated data of the output contacts in accordance with B150
UL certification Q300
Masses
Device Size
Weight of the Modular Devices
Type of construction 1/3 1/2 2/3 5/6 1/1
Flush-mounting device 4.8 kg 8.1 kg 11.4 kg 14.7 kg 18.0 kg
Surface-mounted device with inte- 7.8 kg 12.6 kg 17.4 kg 22.2 kg 27.0 kg
grated on-site operation panel
Device Size
Weight of the Modular Devices
Surface-mounted device with 5.1 kg 8.7 kg 12.3 kg 15.9 kg 19.5 kg
detached on-site operation panel
Size Weight
Detached on-site operation panel 1/3 1.9 kg
Detached on-site operation panel 1/6 1.1 kg
Device Size
Weight of the Non-Modular Devices 7xx82
Type of construction 1/3
Flush-mounting device 3.7 kg
Bracket for non-modular surface- 1.9 kg
mounting variant
Type of Construction (Maximum Dimensions) Width over all x Height over all x Depth 19(in Inches)
Flush-mounting device 150 mm x 268 mm x 229 mm (5.91 x 10.55 x 9.02)
Surface-mounted device with integrated on-site oper- 150 mm x 314 mm x 337 mm (5.91 x 12.36 x 13.27)
ation panel
Surface-mounted device with detached on-site opera- 150 mm x 314 mm x 230 mm (5.91 x 12.36 x 9.06)
tion panel
Type of Width over all x Height over all x Depth 20(in Inches)
Construction
(Maximum
Dimensions)
Type of 1/3 1/2 2/3 5/6 1/1
construction
Flush-mounting 150 mm x 225 mm x 300 mm x 375 mm x 450 mm x
device 268 mm x 268 mm x 268 mm x 268 mm x 268 mm x
229 mm (5.91 x 229 mm (8.86 x 229 mm(11.81 x 229 mm (14.76 x 229 mm (17.72 x
10.55 x 9.02) 10.55 x 9.02) 10.55 x 9.02) 10.55 x 9.02) 10.55 x 9.02)
Surface- 150 mm x 225 mm x 300 mm x 375 mm x 450 mm x
mounted device 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x
with integrated 337 mm (5.91 x 337 mm (8.86 x 337 mm (11.81 x 337 mm (14.76 x 337 mm (17.72 x
on-site operation 12.36 x 13.27) 12.36 x 13.27) 12.36 x 13.27) 12.36 x 13.27) 12.36 x 13.27)
panel
Surface- 150 mm x 225 mm x 300 mm x 375 mm x 450 mm x
mounted device 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x 314 mm x
with detached 230 mm (5.91 x 230 mm (8.86 x 230 mm (11.81 x 230 mm (14.76 x 230 mm (17.72 x
on-site operation 12.36 x 9.06) 12.36 x 9.06) 12.36 x 9.06) 12.36 x 9.06) 12.36 x 9.06)
panel
Minimum Bending Radii of the Connecting Cables Between the On-Site Operation Panel and the Base Module
Fiber-optic cable R = 50 mm
Pay attention to the length of the cable protection
sleeve, which you must also include in calculations.
D-Sub cable R = 50 mm (minimum bending radius)
UL Note
Type of Line Current Terminal Voltage Terminal with Voltage Terminal with
Spring-Loaded Terminals Screw Connection
Litz wire with ring-type lug 2.7 Nm No ring-type lug No ring-type lug
Stranded wires with boot- 2.7 Nm 1.0 Nm 0.6 Nm
lace ferrules or pin-type
lugs
Type of Line Current Terminal Voltage Terminal with Voltage Terminal with
Spring-Loaded Terminals Screw Connection
Solid conductor, bare 2.0 Nm 1.0 Nm –
(2 mm2)
NOTE
NOTE
Capacity 16 GB22
Performance class ≥ Class 10
Temperature range -40 °C to +85 °C
Flash type SLC
Dimensions
Synchrophasor Standard
Setting Values
Signals to be Recorded
Refer to Number of Routable Measured Values (MV) and Binary Tracks (SPS), Page 386
Trigger
Frequency trigger
Power trigger
Voltage trigger
Current trigger
Setting Values
Slow-scan recorder 0 to 2
Signals to be Recorded
Refer to Number of Routable Measured Values (MV) and Binary Tracks (SPS), Page 386
Trigger
Frequency trigger
Power trigger
Voltage trigger
Current trigger
Setting Values
Continuous recorder 0 to 5
Signals to be Recorded
Refer to Number of Routable Measured Values (MV) and Binary Tracks (SPS), Page 386
Setting Values
Trend recorder 0 to 2
Signals to be Recorded
Refer to Number of Routable Measured Values (MV) and Binary Tracks (SPS), Page 386
Binary Inputs
Sampling 4 kHz23
Resolution 1 ms
Refresh rate Event-driven
23 Toggle rates applied permanently and greater than 10 Hz are not recommended.
Routable Measurands
Measurands
Frequency
Voltage
Current
Power
PQ 10/12 cycles
PQ trend
PQ flicker (according to IEC 61000-4-15, Class F3)
Measuring-transducer measurands (I/O modules)
Measuring-transducer measurands (measuring-transducer module, for example, ANAI-CA-4EL)
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Setting Values
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Setting Values
Dropout Ratio
Times
Times
Rated currents 1 A, 5 A
Measuring range 0.1 to 25 A
Frequency range 49 Hz to 51 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
59 Hz to 61 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance 0.1 % of the measured value in the above mentioned measuring range
Frequency range 40 Hz to 60 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
(expanded) 50 Hz to 70 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance 0.3 % of the measured value in the above mentioned measuring range
3I0 A secondary
Current range < 1.6 Irated
Rated currents 1 A, 5 A
Measuring range (0.1 to 1.6) · Irated
Frequency range 49 Hz to 51 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
59 Hz to 61 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance 0.1 % of the measured value in the above mentioned measuring range
Frequency range 40 Hz to 60 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
(expanded) 50 Hz to 70 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance 0.3 % of the measured value in the above mentioned measuring range
Phase Angle
ΦV °
Frequency range 47.5 Hz to 52.5 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
57.5 Hz to 62.5 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance ΦV 0.2 ° at rated voltage
ΦI °
Frequency range 47.5 Hz to 52.5 Hz at frated = 50 Hz
57.5 Hz to 62.5 Hz at frated = 60 Hz
Tolerance ΦI 0.2 ° at rated current
Power Values
Frequency
Frequency f Hz
Range frated - 0.20 Hz < frated + 0.20 Hz
Tolerance ± 5 mHz in the Vrated range
Range frated - 3.00 Hz < frated + 3.00 Hz
Tolerance ± 10 mHz in the Vrated range
Frequency range 25 Hz to 80 Hz; operational measured values
(expanded) 10 Hz to 80 Hz; functional measured values, system frequency
Tolerance 20 mHz in the range frated ± 10 % for rated values
Operating hours h
Range 0 to 9999999 h
Tolerance 1h
CB open hours h
Range 0 to 9999999 h
Tolerance 1h
11.7 CFC
Typical response times and maximum number of ticks of the CFC task levels:
Task Level Time (in ms) Max. Number of Ticks CP300
Fast Event-triggered <1 1500
Event-triggered < 5 (< 10 ms) 12 397
Interlocking < 5 (< 10 ms) 28 656 in total
Measurement 250
The times describe the response time of a typical CFC chart at the respective task level. The maximum
number of ticks applies to a typical load for the device based on the application template Fault recorder N6:
1/1, 43 BI, 33 BO, 20I, 20V
The task level Measurement runs in cycles every 500 ms. All other task levels are event-triggered.
In order to estimate the tick consumption of a CFC chart, you can use the following formula:
Tchart = 5 ∙ nInp + 5 ∙ nOutp + TTLev + ∑i Tint + ∑j TBlock
where:
nInp Number of indications routed as input in the CFC chart
nOutp Number of indications routed as output in the CFC chart
TTLev 101 Ticks in Fast Event-Triggered Level
104 Ticks in Event-Triggered Level
54 Ticks in Measurement Level
74 Ticks in Interlocking Level
Tint Number of internal connections between 2 CFC blocks in one chart
TBlock Used ticks per CFC block (see Technical Data)
Element Ticks
ABS_D 2.3
ABS_R 1.5
ACOS_R 6.9
ADD_D4 3.4
ADD_R4 3.3
ADD_XMV 6.4
ALARM 1.8
AND_SPS 1.1
AND10 2.9
APC_DEF 1.2
APC_EXE 1.0
ASIN_R 1.3
ATAN_R 1.2
BLINK 1.3
BOOL_CNT 2.0
BOOL_INT 1.5
BSC_DEF 1.3
BSC_EXE 1.1
BUILD_ACD 2.9
BUILD_ACT 2.2
Element Ticks
BUILD_BSC 1.2
BUILD_DPS 1.4
BUILD_ENS 1.3
BUILD_Q 0.8
BUILD_SPS 0.6
BUILD_XMV 1.1
BUILDC_Q 3.0
CHART_STATE 5.9
CMP_DPS 1.5
CON_ACD 0.7
CON_ACT 0.5
CONNECT 0.4
COS_R 2.5
CTD 1.8
CTU 1.6
CTUD 2.3
DINT_REAL 3.0
DINT_UINT 3.0
DIV_D 2.9
DIV_R 1.6
DIV_XMV 2.2
DPC_DEF 0.4
DPC_EXE 0.4
DPC_INFO 1.1
DPC_OUT 1.3
DPS_SPS 1.0
DRAGI_R 1.7
EQ_D 1.0
EQ_R 1.9
EXP_R 1.5
EXPT_R 2.7
F_TRGM 0.3
F_TRIG 0.3
FF_D 0.9
FF_D_MEM 1.4
FF_RS 0.7
FF_RS_MEM 1.2
FF_SR 0.8
FF_SR_MEM 1.1
GE_D 0.9
GE_R 1.1
GT_D 0.9
GT_R 1.2
HOLD_D 1.1
HOLD_R 1.0
INC_INFO 0.9
LE_D 1.1
Element Ticks
LE_R 1.1
LIML_R 1.5
LIMU_R 1.5
LN_R 3.3
LOG_R 1.2
LOOP 1.5
LT_D 0.9
LT_R 0.9
MAX_D 0.9
MAX_R 1.4
MEMORY_D 0.9
MEMORY_R 1.1
MIN_D 0.7
MIN_R 1.3
MOD_D 1.5
MUL_D4 2.5
MUL_R4 2.7
MUL_XMV 2.8
MUX_D 1.2
MUX_R 0.9
NAND10 3.5
NE_D 0.9
NE_R 0.9
NEG 1.2
NEG_SPS 0.8
NLC_LZ 7.1
NLC_XMV 4.4
NLC_ZP 3.0
NOR10 3.2
OR_DYN 1.1
OR_SPS 1.3
OR10 2.6
R_TRGM 0.4
R_TRIG 0.4
REAL_DINT 3.0
REAL_SXMV 3.0
SIN_R 0.8
SPC_DEF 0.4
SPC_EXE 0.4
SPC_INFO 0.4
SPC_OUT 0.4
SPLIT_ACD 3.4
SPLIT_ACT 1.0
SPLIT_BSC 1.3
SPLIT_DPS 1.0
SPLIT_Q 0.7
SPLIT_SPS 0.8
Element Ticks
SPLIT_XMV 0.8
SQRT_R 0.6
SUB_D 1.3
SUB_R 1.6
SUB_XMV 2.4
SUBST_B 1.0
SUBST_BQ 1.5
SUBST_D 1.0
SUBST_R 1.0
SUBST_XQ 1.4
SXMV_REAL 3.0
TAN_R 1.1
TLONG 2.2
TOF 1.0
TON 1.1
TT 2.5
TSHORT 1.9
UINT_DINT 3.0
Order Options
The following ordering options are possible for SIPROTEC 5 products:
• Device
• Single part
• DIGSI 5
• Functional enhancement
NOTE
i To order single parts in the order configurator, use the Single part link.
• Plug-in module
• Operation panel
• Terminal/accessories
• Mechanical accessories
Ordering Accessories
NOTE
i To order terminals, terminal accessories, and mechanical accessories in the order configurator, use the
Single part link.
Group Accessories
Terminal/accessories Voltage terminal, terminal block, 14-pole
Terminal/accessories Voltage input (power supply)
Terminal block, 2-pole
Terminal/accessories Current terminal, 4 x protection
Terminal/accessories Current terminal, 3 x protection and 1 x measurement
Terminal/accessories Current terminal, 4 x measurement
Terminal/accessories 2-pole cross connector for current terminal
Terminal/accessories 2-pole cross connector for voltage terminal
Terminal/accessories Cover for current terminal block
Terminal/accessories Cover for voltage terminal block
Group Accessories
Mechanical accessories Cable set for operation panel
Mechanical accessories Cable set COM-link cable
Mechanical accessories Cable for detached on-site operation panel
Mechanical accessories Cover plate for plug-in modules
Mechanical accessories Labeling strips for LEDs/keypad
Mechanical accessories Set of part for mounting bracket 1/2
Mechanical accessories Set of part for mounting bracket 2/3
Mechanical accessories Set of part for mounting bracket 5/6
Mechanical accessories Set of part for mounting bracket 1/1
Mechanical accessories Screw cover 1/3
Mechanical accessories Screw cover 1/6
Mechanical accessories Bus termination plate
Dynamic settings:
State logic
Icon Description
Binary input signal derived from an external output
signal
AND gate
OR gate
XOR gate
Negation
Comparators
Pickup delay
Dropout delay
Icon Description
Trigger the pulse of duration T with a positive signal
edge
Characteristic curve
[Sv7KE-Typ1-200314-01, 2, en_US]
Figure A-1 Standard Variant N1: 1/3, 11 BI, 9 BO, 4I, 4V (Example with 1 x IO202)
Standard Variant N5: 1/2, 19 BI, 15 BO, 8I, 8V (Example with 2 x IO202)
[Sv7KE-Typ2-190314-01, 2, en_US]
Figure A-2 Standard Variant N5: 1/2, 19 BI, 15 BO, 8I, 8V (Example with 2 x IO202)
[Sv7KE-Typ3-260314-01, 1, en_US]
Figure A-3 Standard Variant N2: 1/3, 11 BI, 3 BO, 8V (Example with 1 x IO211)
Standard Variant N6: 1/1, 43 BI, 33 BO, 20I, 20V (Example with 4 x IO202)
[Sv7KE-Typ4, 1, en_US]
Figure A-4 Standard Variant N6: 1/1, 43 BI, 33 BO, 20I, 20V (Example with 4 x IO202)
[ti3leit1-070211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[tileite2-070211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-6 Connection to a 3-Wire Current Transformer and Measured Zero-Sequence Current (Current
in Common Return Path)
NOTE
i The switchover of current polarity at the 3-phase current transformer causes a rotation in the direction of
electric current for current input I4 (IN)!
[tileite3-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-7 Connection to a 3-Wire Current Transformer and Cable Type Current Transformer for Sensi-
tive Ground-Fault Detection
NOTE
i The switchover of current polarity at the 3-phase current transformer causes a rotation in the direction of
electric current for current input I4 (IN-sep)!
[tileite4-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-8 Connection to a 3-Wire Current Transformer and Measured Ground Current from a Complete
Holmgreen Connection
NOTE
i The switchover of current polarity at the 3-phase current transformer causes a rotation in the direction of
electric current for current input I4 (IN-sep)!
[tileite7-070211-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-9 Connection to a 2-Wire Current Transformer - for Isolated or Resonant-Grounded Systems
Only
[tileite8-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-10 Connection to a 2-Wire Current Transformer and Cable Type Current Transformer for Sensi-
tive Ground-Fault Detection - for Isolated or Resonant-Grounded Systems Only
NOTE
i The switchover of current polarity at the 3-phase current transformer causes a rotation in the direction of
electric current for current input I4 (IN-sep)!
[tvvolta1-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
[tvvolta2-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-12 Connection to 3 Star-Connected Voltage Transformers and to the Broken-Delta Winding
[tvvolta3-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-13 Connection to 3 Star-Connected Voltage Transformers and to the Broken-Delta Winding of a
Separate Voltage Transformer (for example, Busbar)
[tvvolta5-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-14 Connection to V-Connected Voltage Transformer (Delta-Connected Device Input Trans-
former) and Connection to the Phase-to-Phase Voltage of a Busbar Voltage Transformer
NOTE
i When using the connection type 3-phase-to-phase voltage, the zero-sequence voltage cannot be
detected.
[tvvolta6-260313-01.tif, 1, en_US]
Figure A-15 Connection to V-Connected Voltage Transformer (Delta-Connected Device Input Trans-
former) and Connection to the Broken-Delta Winding of a Busbar Voltage Transformer
[dwanwsto-031212-01.tif, 2, en_US]
FG Function group
MP Measuring point
CFC Continuous Function Chart
QA Circuit breaker
QB Disconnector
(1) Not available yet
[dwrecfee-031212-01.tif, 2, en_US]
FG Function group
MP Measuring point
CFC Continuous Function Chart
QA Circuit breaker
QB Disconnector
(1) Not available yet
[dwrecpmu-031212-01.tif, 1, en_US]
FG Function group
MP Measuring point
CFC Continuous Function Chart
QA Circuit breaker
QB Disconnector
PMU Phasor Measurement Unit
(1) Not available yet
[dwbackvi-130213-01.tif, 2, en_US]
• Recommended control line for voltage signals: 4•2•0.75 mm2 stranded shielded pair, for example, LiYCY
4x2x0.75
• Recommended control line for current signals: 4•2•2.5 mm2 stranded shielded pair, for example, LiYCY
4x2x2.5
NOTE
[dw_SDHC, 1, --_--]
NOTE
i Reading the data of the SDHC memory card with a PC is not intended.
Avoid too frequent insertion cycles!
NOTE
i Use only the original SDHC memory card (ACCESAR) approved by Siemens for the 7KE85 fault recorder.
[le_Remove_cap_and_SDHC, 1, --_--]
Figure A-21 Removing the Sealing Cap and SDHC Memory Card
(1) Push the holder, push the sealing cap to the back and remove it
(2) Unlock the eject lever
(3) Remove the SDHC memory card
[dw_insert_SDHC, 1, --_--]
Figure A-22 Inserting the SDHC Memory Card into the Device
! CAUTION
Exercise caution when removing the SDHC memory card from a defective device.
If you want to remove the SDHC memory card from a defective device and to insert the card into another
healthy device and if the data must be kept, note the following:
Noncompliance with the specified measures can result in loss of data.
² To avoid a reformatting of the SDHC memory card, you must first import the parameters of the defec-
tive device to another device.
² You can insert the SDHC memory card in the other device and use it only then.
² The recordings on the SDHC memory card from the defective device can still be read in the other
device.
Remedy: Switch off the device auxiliary voltage and insert a Siemens SDHC memory card.
ACD
IEC 61850 data type: Directional protection activation information
ACT
IEC 61850 data type: Protection activation information
Back-up battery
The back-up battery ensures that specified data areas, flags, times and counters are kept retentive.
BCR
IEC 61850 data type: Binary counter reading
CB
Circuit breaker
Chatter blocking
A rapidly intermittent input (for example, owing to a relay contact fault) is disconnected after a parameteriz-
able monitoring time and therefore cannot generate any more signal changes. The function prevents the
system from overloading in the event of an error.
Combination matrix
In an inter-device communication (IDC) group, up to 16 SIPROTEC devices suitable for this can communi-
cate with one another. The combination matrix specifies which devices exchange which information.
COMTRADE
See the Common Format for Transient Data Exchange
Container
If an object contains other objects, this is referred to as a container. The object Folder for example is such a
container.
Continuous Recorder
The continuous recorder is not a triggered recorder, runs constantly and has large averaging times. The
continuous recorder saves the arithmetic average value of the process quantities (power, frequency, RMS
values of the fundamental component of currents, voltages and symmetric components).
The continuous recorder is organized as a ring buffer. When the memory is filled completely, the oldest data
are overwritten automatically.
CRC
Cyclic redundancy check
Data type
The data type is a value set of a data object, together with the operations allowed on this value set. A data
type contains a classification of a data element, such as the determination whether it consists of integers,
letters, or similar.
Data unit
Information item with a joint transmission source. Abbreviation: DU = Data Unit
Data window
The right area of the project window visualizes the content of the area selected in the navigation window. The
data window contains for example, indications or measured values of the information lists or the function
selection for parameterization of the device.
DB
See Double Command.
DC
Double Command – See Double Command.
DCF77
The precise official time is determined in Germany by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt PTB in
Brunswick. The atomic clock unit of the PTB transmits this time via the long-wave time signal transmitter in
Mainflingen near Frankfurt/Main. The emitted time signal can be received within a radius of approx. 1500 km
from Frankfurt/Main.
DCP
See Discovery and Basic Configuration Protocol
DEL
Phase-to-phase related measurements of a 3-phase system
Device Container
In the component view, all SIPROTEC devices are subordinate to an object of the device container type. This
object is also a special object from the DIGSI-5 Manager. However, as there is no component view in the
DIGSI 5 Manager, this object only becomes visible in conjunction with STEP 7.
DIGSI
Configuration software for SIPROTEC
DM
See Double-point indication
Double command
Double commands (DC) are process outputs, which the on and off command can give separated on different
binary outputs.
Double-point indication
Double-point indications (DI) are process indications which visualize 4 process states at 2 inputs: 3 defined
states (for example, On/Off and disturbed position) and 1 undefined state (00).
DP
See Double-point indication
DPC
IEC 61850 data type: Double point control
DPS
IEC 61850 data type: Double-point status
DU
See Data Unit
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) means that an item of electrical equipment functions without error in a
specified environment. The environment is not influenced in any impermissible way here.
ENC
Enumerated Status Controllable
ENS
Enumerated Status
Fast-Scan Recorder
A fast-scan recorder records individual current and voltage sampled values with a sampling rate that is high
enough for the display of network events and transients. Recording starts once the value of an analog quan-
tity exceeds or drops below a specified limit. High-speed fault recording is used for acquiring brief transient
events of 1-2 seconds.
FG
See Function Group
Fleeting Indication
Fleeting indications are single-point indications present for a very short time, in which only the coming of the
process signal is logged and further processed time-correctly.
Floating
Floating means that a free potential not connected to ground is generated. Therefore, no current flows
through the body to ground in the event of touching.
Folder
This object type helps when structuring a project hierarchically.
Function block
A block that can perform one specific task or function.
Function group
Functions are brought together into function groups (FG). The assignment of functions to current and/or
voltage transformers (assignment of functions to measuring points), the information exchange between the
function groups via interfaces as well as the generation of group indications are important for this bringing
together.
General interrogation
The state of all process inputs, of the status and of the error image are scanned on system startup. This infor-
mation is used to update the system-side process image. Likewise, the current process state can be interro-
gated after data loss with a general interrogation (GA).
GI
See General Interrogation
GOOSE
See Generic Object-Oriented Substation Event.
GPS
See Global Positioning System
Ground
The conductive ground whose electric potential can be set equal to 0 at every point. In the area of grounding
conductors, the ground can have a potential diverging from 0. The term reference ground is also used for this
situation.
Grounding
The grounding is the entirety of all means and measuring for grounding.
Hierarchy level
In a structure with superordinate and subordinate objects, a hierarchy level is a level of equal-ranking objects.
HSR protocol
Like PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol), HSR (High Availability Seamless Redundancy Protocol) is speci-
fied in IEC 62439-3. Both protocols offer redundancy without switching time. The principal function can be
found in the definition of PRP. With PRP, the same message is sent via 2 separated networks. In contrast to
this, in the case of HSR the message is sent twice in the 2 directions of the ring. The recipient receives it
correspondingly via 2 paths in the ring, takes the 1st message and discards the 2nd (see PRP).
IEC
See International Electrotechnical Commission
Internet protocol
The Internet protocol (IP) enables the connection of participants which are positioned in different networks.
IP
See Internet protocol
IRIG B
The IRIG time code is an abbreviation of Inter-Range Instrumentation Group time code and is a set of a group
of time codes used primarily in the military area for video recording, telemetry and other data recording
purposes. The Inter-Range Instrumentation Group (IRIG) is an organization of the United States Air Force
located at White Sands Missile Range and defines various standards for the testing of missiles, among other
purposes. The IRIG time code is divided into the following subgroups: IRIG A (1000 second pulses), IRIG B
(100 second pulses), IRIG D (1 pulse per minute), IRIG E (10 second pulses), IRIG G (10 000 second
pulses), IRIG H (1 second pulse). The subgroups are differentiated by the number of synchronization pulses
per second, the data formats and the modulation techniques used.
Link Address
The link address indicates the address of a SIPROTEC device.
Metered value
Metered values are a processing function, used to determine the total number of discrete similar events
(counter pulses), for example, as integral over a time span. In the power supply utility field, electrical energy
is often recorded as a metered value (energy import/delivery, energy transport).
Navigation window
Left area of the project window, which visualizes the names and symbols of all containers of a project in the
form of a hierarchical tree structure.
Object
Each element of a project structure is designated as an object in DIGSI 5.
Offline
If there is no communication connection between a PC program (for example, configuration program) and a
runtime application (for example, a PC application), the PC program is offline. The PC program executes in
Offline mode.
Online
If there is a communication connection between a PC program (for example, configuration program) and a
runtime application (for example, a PC application), the PC program is online. The PC program executes in
Online mode.
Order Configurator
One or more appropriate modules are suggested in the order configurator corresponding to the desired
protocol on a module. You will also find the available standard variants in the order configurator.
OSM
See Optical Switch Module.
Output Indication
Indications can be information provided by the device on events and states. The events and states are
provided via binary outputs, for example, startup of the processor system (event) or fault in a device function
(state). These are designated as output indications.
Parameterization
Comprehensive term for all setting work on the device. You can parameterize the protection functions with
DIGSI 5 or sometimes also directly on the device.
Parameter set
The parameter set is the entirety of all parameters that can be set for a SIPROTEC device.
Participant
In an inter-device communication group, up to 16 SIPROTEC devices suitable for this can communicate with
one another. The individually involved devices are referred to as participants.
Participant Address
A participant address consists of the name of the participant, the international dialing code, the local dialing
code and the participant-specific telephone number.
PDC
See Phasor-Data Concentrator
Phasor-Data Concentrator
PDC. This component collects the information of the PMU devices and makes it available to both other
components.
PLC
See Programmable Logic Controller
PMU
See Phasor Measurement Unit
PQDIF
PQDIF is a binary file format in the IEEE Standard 1159.3-2003 that is used to exchange the measured
values of current, voltage, power, energy between software applications.
PQDIF means Power Quality Data Interchange Format.
Product code
Compilation of product features in readable form
PROFIBUS
PROcess Feld BUS, German Process and Fieldbus standard (EN 50170). The standard specifies the func-
tional, electrical and mechanical characteristics for a bit-serial fieldbus.
PROFIBUS Address
A unique PROFIBUS address must be assigned to each SIPROTEC device within a PROFIBUS network. A
total of 254 PROFIBUS addresses per PROFIBUS network are available.
Programmable Logic
The programmable logic is a function in Siemens devices or station controllers, enabling user-specific func-
tionality in the form of a program. This logic component can be programmed by various methods: CFC (=
Continuous Function Chart) is one of these. SFC (Sequential Function Chart) and ST (Structured Text) are
others.
Project
In terms of content, a project is the replication of a real energy supply system. In graphic terms, a project is
represented as a number of objects which are incorporated in a hierarchical structure. Physically, a project
consists of a series of directories and files containing project data.
Protection Device
A protection device detects fault states in distribution networks, taking into account various criteria, such as
fault distance, fault direction or fault duration, triggering a disconnection of the defective network section.
PRP
PRP is a redundancy protocol for Ethernet networks that is specified in IEC 62439-3. Unlike conventional
redundancy procedures, such as RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1D-2004) PRP offers unin-
terruptible switching, which avoids any down time in the event of a fault, and thus the highest availability.
Real Time
Real time
Reorganize
The frequent addition and deletion of objects results in memory areas which are no longer used. The reorgan-
ization of projects allows these memory areas to be freed up again. The reorganization also leads to VD
addresses being reassigned. This results in all SIPROTEC devices having to be reinitialized.
RSTP
See Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol.
Sampling rate
The sampling rate describes the number of samples taken per period. For protection applications, typical
sampling rates are between 16 and 80. A widely used value is 20 samples per period For power quality appli-
cations, the sampling rate must be considerably higher because of the evaluation of harmonics. A typical
value is 256. If sampling-frequency tracking is used, a constant sampling rate per current power frequency
period can always be assumed regardless of the current power frequency.
SBO
Select before operate
SC
See Single Command
SC
See Single Command
SCD
See Substation Configuration Description
SDHC
Secure Digital High Capacity
Standard for SD memory cards with up to 32 GB capacitance
Service Interface
Device interface for interfacing DIGSI 5 (for example, through a modem)
SI
See Single-Point Indication.
SICAM PAS
Power Automation System – Substation automation system, modular in design and based on the Substation
Controller SICAM SC and the HMI system SICAM WinCC.
SICAM PQ Analyzer
The SICAM PQ Analyzer is used for the following purposes:
- Displaying data measured by a PQ device
- Assessment of these data according to power quality criteria by the SICAM PQS System (...).
The various views of the SICAM PQ Analyzer provide the means for evaluation of archived PQ measured
data and system incidents.
- Incident explorer
- PQ Inspector
- PQ Explorer
- Report browser
- Grid code viewer
SICAM PQS
With SICAM PQS, all fault records and power quality data in a system can be analyzed.
SICAM SCC
The HMI system SICAM SCC (serial communications channel) graphically displays the state of your network.
SICAM SCC visualizes alarms and messages, archives the network data, provides the option of intervening
manually in the process and manages the system rights of the individual employees.
SIGRA
The SIGRA component supports you in analyzing failures in your power system. It graphically conditions
information recorded during the failure and calculates additional supplemental quantities such as impedances
or RMS values, from the supplied measured values making evaluation of the fault record easier for you. The
quantities can be shown as desired in the diagrams of the following views: time signals, phasor diagrams,
locus diagrams and harmonic components. In addition, you may add more fault records to the failure evalua-
tion, for example, from the opposite end of a line, and synchronize these. SIGRA is also suited to evaluate
fault records of devices from other manufacturers.
SIGUARD PDP
SIGUARD PDP (Phasor Data Processing) is software for monitoring the status of power transmission in
extensive power systems. When critical states are approached (frequency stability, voltage stability, transmis-
sion stability, and power swing), this is detected early and displayed. The threshold at which a critical state is
reached and requires intervention can be defined and subsequently changed at any time. In addition,
SIGUARD PDP supports you in the analysis of the power system. Weak points and fault sources can be iden-
tified and eliminated early on. SIGUARD PDP works together with PMUs (phasor measurement units). These
measuring devices are installed in the power distribution systems and connected to the current and voltage
transformers. Time synchronization via GPS having an accuracy of < 5 μs enables the PMUs to acquire the
measured values with amplitude and phase as phasors (indicator values) with high precision and to transmit
them via the communication interface. These time-synchronized measured values from regionally widely
distributed measuring points can be collected and evaluated using SIGUARD PDP.
SIMEAS R
SIMEAS R is a digital fault recorder (like the 7KE85) used primarily in power plants, transformer substations,
medium-voltage systems, high-voltage systems, systems for very high voltages and in industrial complexes
for quality assurance and for monitoring secondary and primary facilities. It measures and documents indica-
tors defined in international standards (EN 50160). Weak points can be reliably and quickly identified due to
its high degree of functionality. In the event of a fault, all relevant signals are recorded with pre-event history,
defect trend and post-event behavior and transmitted for valuation and archiving – via Ethernet or a remote
data transmission system. This makes quick decisions possible and errors can be remedied in a timely
manner.
SIMEAS R-PMU
SIMEAS R-PMU is a device that contains triggered fault recorders and continuous recorders as well as an
integrated Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). The PMU measures phasors and makes them available in a
database. This is a high-precision measurement of the vector quantities of voltage and current in terms of
amplitude, phase angle, and time synchronization.
Single command
Single commands (EB) are process outputs which visualize 2 process states (for example, On/Off) at an
output.
Single-point indication
Single-point indications (SI) are process indications which visualize 2 process states (for example, On/Off) at
an input.
SIPROTEC
The registered trademark SIPROTEC designates the product family of protection devices and fault recorders.
SIPROTEC 5 device
This object type represents a real SIPROTEC device with all the contained setting values and process data.
SIPROTEC 5 variant
This object type represents a variant of an object of the SIPROTEC device type. The device data of this
variant can differ from the device data of the original object. However, all variants derived from the original
object have its VD addresses. Therefore they always correspond to the same real SIPROTEC device as the
original object. In order to document different working states during parameterization of a SIPROTEC device,
you can use objects of the type SIPROTEC variant, for example.
Slave Device
A slave may only exchange data with a master after its has been requested to do so by this master.
SIPROTEC devices work as slaves. A master computer controls a slave computer. A master computer can
also control a peripheral device.
Slow-Scan Recorder
The Slow-scan recorder is, just like the Fast-scan recorder, a triggered recorder. It records measured values
with the set averaging time. SPS indications can still be recorded. Longer record times are possible using the
Slow-scan recorder.
SNMP
See Simple Network Management Protocol.
SNTP
See Simple Network Time Protocol.
SOE
See Sequence of Events.
SP
See Single-Point Indication.
SPC
IEC 61850 data type: Single Point Control
SPS
IEC 61850 data type: Single point status
SST
See System Interface.
Station Description
A station description is an IEC 61850-compliant file for data exchange between the system configurator and
the IED configurator. The station description contains information on the network structure of a substation.
The station description contains for example, information on the assignment of the devices to the primary
equipment, as well as on the station-internal communication.
System Interface
Device interface for linking to the control and protection system via various communication protocols
TC
Tap-position command – see Transformer Tap Position Command
TCP
See Transmission Control Protocol.
Telephone Book
Participant addresses for the modem connection are saved in this object type.
Time jump
A step change in the device clock due to user action (setting the time) or automatically (GPS time synchroni-
zation unit). A time jump may occur, for example, in the event of a failure when changing the time synchroni-
zation source.
Time stamp
A time stamp is a value in a defined format. The time stamp assigns a point in time to an event, for example,
in a log file. Time stamps ensure that events can be found again.
Topological view
The Topological View is oriented to the objects of a system (for example, switchgear) and their relation to one
another. The Topological View describes the structured layout of the system in hierarchical form.
Tree view
The left area of the project window visualizes the names and symbols of all containers of a project in the form
of a hierarchical tree structure. This area is referred to as a tree view.
Trend recorder
Trend recorders are used for long-term recording and monitoring of the process of voltage change within
settable tolerance ranges. The flicker measurement can also be determined and stored in the trend recorder.
UDP
See User Datagram Protocol.
UTC
Universal Time Coordinated
Value Indication
Value indications are single-point indications in which a further value is transferred in addition to the actual
indication (example: Fault locator : Here, the distance to the fault location is also indicated in addition to the
fault statement Yes/No.)
Virtual Device
A VD (virtual device) comprises all communication objects, as well as their properties and states, which a
communication user can utilize in the form of services. A VD can be a physical device, a module of a device
or a software module.
A DPC 85
DPS 85
ACD 86
ACT 86
Application Examples 415
E
Application Templates
Function Key 101
ENC 86
Averaging Time 228, 232, 236
B F
Fast-Scan Recorder 220
Binary Signals: 386
Fault record 215
Broken-wire detection
Recordings 209
Application and setting notes 332
SICAM PQS 212
Broken-wire check 331
SIGRA 211
Broken-wire suspected 330
Fault recorder
Function structure 329
Continuous recorder 231
Overview of functions 329
Fault Recorder
Protection blocking 331
Fast-Scan Recorder 220
Busbar 418
Slow-scan Recorder 225
Trend Recorder 234
Fault recording 228
C FG Analog Transformers
Application and Setting Notes for the 20-mA Unit.
Channel-name length 205 Ether. 160
CMV 86 Application and Setting Notes for the 20-mA Unit.
Communication Log 56 Serial 165
COMTRADE 205 Overview 20-mA Unit Serial 165
COMTRADE format 209, 214 FG analog unit
Continuous recorder 231 Overview 156
Control Functions FG analog units
User-Defined Objects 83 Temperature sensor 184
FG Analog units
Application and setting notes for the RTD unit
serial 188
D Application and setting notes for the RTD-Unit
Ether. 183
DEL 86 Application and Setting Notes MT fast input 175
Deleting Recorders 222, 228, 233, 236 Communication with 20-mA Unit. Ether. 159
Device Driver 198 Communication with an RTD unit 182
Device-Diagnosis Log 59 Function Group Structure 157
Dimensions 380, 382 Measuring transducer with fast inputs 173
Disconnection and Recovery of Supply Voltage 222, Overview 20-mA Unit Ether. 158
227, 232, 235 Overview of RTD Unit Ether. 181
DNP 212 Overview RTD unit serial 188
Flash Memory O
Memory capacity 218
Flash Memory Capacity 228 Online access 250
Flash-Memory Capacity 218, 233 Operation Mode 206
Flash-Memory Size 222 Operational Log 47
Flicker 297 Operational measured values 298, 362
Function Group VI 3-phase Other Functions
Overview 132 Acquisition blocking 87
Structure of the Function Group 133 Chatter blocking 87
Function key 251 Manual updating 87
Function Key 103 Persistent command 87
Function-Group Connections 205 Saved outputs 87
I P
IEC 60529 381 Post-trigger Time 222, 228
IEC 61850 212 PQ 10/12 Cycles 297
INC 85 PQ trend 297
Indications 42 PQDIF 205
Displays 45 PQDIF Format 212
Reading 42 Pre-trigger Time 222, 228
INS 85, 85 Protective-conductor carrier rail 418
Instantiate Function Group 203 Protective-conductor terminal 418
Introduction to DIGSI
Creating a New Project 198
Recorder Interaction 208
Routing 201 R
IO212 173, 175
Record Time 222, 228
Recorder routing 304, 306
Recorder Routing 209, 297
L Indications 303
Recorder routing VI 303
LiYCY 418 Recorder Routing VI 306
Log Retrigger Blocking Time 222, 228
Delete 60 Ring Buffer 231, 234
Save 60 Route Measuring Points 202
Logs 46 Routing the Signals 209
Administering 46
Configuring 46
S
M Sampled Values (SAV) 220, 297
Sampling Frequency 222, 228
Manual Record Time 222, 228 SAV 85
Maximum record time 222 SDHC memory card
Maximum Record Time 228 Correction of defects 421
Measurands 297, 297 Data 382
Measured Values 386 Replacement 419
Memory capacity 222, 228, 232, 236 Secure Digital High Capacity 419
Memory size 236 Security Log 57
Mode 37 Select the Application Template 200
MV 85 SEQ 86
Sequence of events 52
Sequence of Events 237
Setting the Threshold Value 90
Setting-history Log 54 W
Shield Terminal 418, 418
Shielding WYE 86
Shielded lines 418
SIPROTEC 5 device
Function control 37
Reference number for parameters and indica-
tions 39
SIPROTEC 5 Device
Adjustment application templates/functional
scope 35
Function Embedding 32
Slow-scan Recorder 225
SPC 85, 85
Special characters 205
SPS 84
SPS Unsaved 84
State control 37
State Control 206
Stored Indications 62
Synchronization 78
T
T103 212
T104 212
Test flag 246
Time jump 219
Tolerance rrend 306
Tolerance Trend 304
Transformer Ratios 90
Trend Recorder 234
Trigger 247
Binary trigger 249
CFC Chart 253
Current trigger 268
External Trigger 252
Fault record sequence control 237
Fault Record Sequence Control 238, 239
Frequency trigger 282
GOOSE Trigger 252
Gradient trigger 248
Level trigger 247
Manual trigger 249
Power trigger 287
Voltage trigger 255
Triggers on Indications
SPS messages 253
Troubleshooting 421
U
Umlauts 205
User-defined log 49
UTC 232