Grade 10

Activity Sheets
Quarter 3 Week 1
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Permutations
Learning Competency: Illustrates the permutation of objects (M10SP-IIIa-1)

Introduction:
Do you know that in mathematics there is a technique on how to find
the number of possible arrangements in a set? This technique is what we
called permutation. Suppose we have Set A = {3, 5}, how many arrangements
can we have in Set A? There are only two ways that we can arrange the
elements of Set A, which are {3, 5}, {5, 3}. So, the permutation is 2. Take
note, we consider the order in getting the arrangement.

Concept:
Permutation is defined as the arrangement of r objects that can be done out
of total n objects in a definite order. It is denoted by the symbols, P (n, r)
where P means the number of permutations, n the total number of objects
given and r the number of objects taken at a time. In solving permutations,
the formula will be used is:
P (n, r) = n (n - 1) (n - 2) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (n - r + 1), where n  r

Examples:
1. Identify the following statements if they involved permutations or not.

a. Student ID Number - it is a permutation because the order or

arrangement of every digit of a number
matters. In every order or arrangement
of an ID number, it corresponds to the
name of a particular student.

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b. Selecting Even numbers from Set D = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

- In selecting even numbers in Set D, there is no

particular order or arrangement involved as long as the numbers to be
selected are even. The even numbers are 2, 4, and 6. So this is not a
permutation.

Now, let us take this next example using the formula given in the concept.

2. What is the exact value of P (5, 4)?

Solution: To evaluate the number of permutations of n things taken r at a

time, we consider the value of r which stands for the number of times we
multiply the value of n, the value of n decreased by one, decreased by 2, and
so on. Since r is 4 in this example, we obtain

P (5,4) = 5(5-1) (5-2) (5-3) = 5(4)(3)(2) = 120.

Another way of solving for P (5, 4) is to find the value of the last factor which
is the expressed in n – r + 1. Since n = 5 and r = 4, n – r + 1 = 5 – 4 + 1 = 2,
the last factor. So, we have,

P (5,4) = 5(5-1) (5-2) (5-3) Substituting the value of n

= 5(4)(3)(2) Multiplying
= 120

Let us take this as our next example:

3. What is value of P (7,5)?

Solution: In this example, r = 5, so there must be 5 factors of decreasing

order from 7. So,

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 P (7,5) = 7(6)(5)(4)(3) = 2,520.

Another way of solving for P (7, 5) is to find the value of the last factor which
is the expressed in n – r + 1. Since n = 7 and r = 5, n – r + 1 = 7 – 5 + 1 = 3,
the last factor. So, we have
P(7,5) = 7(7-1)(7-2)(7-3) (7-4) Substituting the value of n
= 7(6)(5)(4)(3) Multiplying
= 2,520
What about if r is unknown? How will we solve the problem? Let us try to
consider the example below:

4. What is the value of r of P (7, r) = 840?

Solution: Since r is unknown, we have to find the number of factors we
multiply numbers in decreasing order by one starting with 7 to obtain a
value of 840. So,
P (7, r) = 7(7-1) (7-2) (7-3) substituting the value of n
= 7(6)(5)(4) multiplying
= 840 the given value for P is 840

Therefore, r = 4 because 7(6)(5)(4) is equal to 840 which consists of four (4)

numbers.

5. What is the value of n of P (n, 3) = 60?

Solution: To solve for n, we find first the value of n – r + 1 = n – 3 + 1 = n

– 2, the last factor. We assume here that n > 3 since r = 3. So,

P(n, 3) = n(n – 1)(n – 2) = 60 (Note: We end at n – 2 since it is the last

factor) So, we have to solve for n:
n(n – 1)(n – 2) = 60
n(n2 – 3n + 2) = 60 multiply polynomials
n – 3n + 2n = 60
3 2 simplify
n3 – 3n2 + 2n – 60 = 0 subtract both sides -60

Using synthetic division, only 5 from among the factors of -60

gives a zero remainder:

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 5 1 -3 2 -60
5 10 60
1 2 12 0

So,

(n – 5) (n2 + 2n + 12) = 0
n–5=0 n2 + 2n + 12 = 0
n=5 Recall that n must be a whole number greater
than 3. We discard this since we cannot
factor n2 + 2n + 12.

Hence, n = 5 is the correct answer.

For this lesson, always remember these!

• Permutation is a mathematical technique that identifies the number of

possible arrangements in a set when the order of the arrangements
matters.

• It is denoted by the symbols, P (n, r) where P means the number of

permutations, n the total number of objects given and r the number of
objects taken at a time.

• In solving permutations, the formula will be used is: P (n, r) = n (n - 1)

(n - 2) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅
(n - r + 1), where n ≥ r

Now, we will have our exercises. Kindly answer the given activities below.

Activity 1 - Multiple Choice Quiz

Direction: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer.

1. What do you call of the arrangement of a finite number of objects taken
some or all at a time?
A. permutations B. orders C. ways D. distinguishable

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2. In the symbol of permutations which is P (n, r), what is the value of n
means?
A. number of objects taken at a time
B. total number of objects given
C. a number which is less than r
D. all of the above
3. What is the value of P(6,6)?
A. 620 B. 720 C. 820 D. 920
4. What is the value of n of P(n, 2)= 12?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
5. What is the value of r of P(6, r) = 360?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

Activity 2 - Solving

Direction: Solve for the unknown in each item.

6. P(n, 3) = 504

7. P(10, 5) = _____

8. P(8, r) = 6,720

9. P(13, r) = 156

10. P(4, 4) =
_____

Activity 3 – Identification.

Direction: Complete the table.

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 Given Permutation Illustration
(Yes/No)
Example: Cellphone password is
Cellphone Password Yes an arrangement of
digits from 0 – 9 and the
order matters, so it is
permutation.
11. Plate number of a
vehicle.

12. Classroom election

of officers.

13. Driver’s license

number

14. Selecting odd

numbers in the set of
first ten counting
numbers

15. Bank account

number

Reference:
1. Callanta, Melvin M. Grade 10 learner’s material. Pasig City: REX Book
Store, Inc., 2015, pages 283 - 289
2. Padin, Daise Mae B. Besavilla Engineering Mathematics Volume 1.
Cebu City: VIB Publisher, pages 110 - 115

Jouy Hope A. Silabay Ralph D. Lim

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National High Digos City National High
School School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

6
 7
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.
Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
School School
Digos City National High Digos City National High
Layout Artist Writer
Ralph D. Lim Jouy Hope A. Silabay
Activity 1 Activity 2
1. A 6. n = 9
2. B 7. 30, 240
3. B 8. r = 5
4. C 9. r = 2
5. A 10. 24
Activity 3
11. Yes the order of the digits 0 – 9 and letters of the plate
numbers matter so
this is permutation.
12. No the order doesn’t matter in the election of classroom
officers, so this is
not a permutation.
13. Yes the order of the digits 0 – 9 and letters of the plate
numbers matter so
this is permutation.
14. No the order in selecting odd numbers in the set of first ten
counting numbers does not matter, so this is not a
permutation.
For teachers use only (Separate sheets)
Answer Key
Name:
Grade/Section:
Date: _______________ Total Score: 0

Distinguishable Permutations
Learning Competency: Illustrates the permutation of objects (M10SP-IIIa-1)

Review:
In the previous lesson, we learned on how to find the number of possible
arrangements in a set in which the order matters. This arrangement is what
we called permutation. We also learned the formula in solving permutations,
denoted by the symbols, P (n, r) where P means the number of permutations,
n the total number of objects given and r the number of objects taken at a
time.
P (n, r) = n (n - 1) (n - 2) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (n - r + 1), where n  r

Concept:
Distinguishable permutations are permutations that can be distinguished
from one another. For distinguishable permutations of n objects where p
objects are alike, q objects are alike, r objects are alike, and so on, the
formula is:
𝒏!
P =𝒑!𝒒!𝒓!⋯

Examples:

1. What is the number of permutations of the letters in the word BANANA?

Solution: There are 6 letters in the word BANANA with 3 A’s and 2 N’s
n = 6, number of letters in the word BANANA
p = 3, number of A’s
q = 2, number of N’s
n!
P= from distinguishable permutation’ formula
p!q!r!

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 = 6! read as 6 factorial which means 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
3!2! read as 3 factorial which means 3 • 2 • 1
read as 2 factorial which means 2 • 1

6 • 5 • 4 • 3 • 2 • 1 720 720
= = = = 60
3 • 2 • 1(2 • 1) 6(2) 12

Therefore, there are 60 distinguishable permutations of the letters in

the word BANANA.

2. How many permutations can be made from the word ASSASSIN?

Solution: There are 8 letters in the word ASSASSIN with 2 A’s and 4 S’s

n = 8, number of letters in the word ASSASSIN

p = 4, number of S’s
q = 2, number of A’s

𝒏!
P= from distinguishable permutation’ formula
𝒑!𝒒!𝒓!

read as 8 factorial which means 8 ∙ 7 ∙ 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1

𝟖!
P= read as 4 factorial which means 4∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 2
𝟒!𝟐!
read as 2 factorial which means 2 ∙ 1

𝟖! 8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1 8∙7∙6∙5 1,680

P= = = = = 840
𝟒!𝟐! 4∙3∙2∙1∙(2∙1) 2∙1 2

Therefore, there are 840 distinguishable permutations of the letters in

the word ASSASSIN.

For this lesson, always remember these!

• Distinguishable permutations are permutations that can be

distinguished from one another.
• The formula in order to solve for the number of distinguishable
permutations where P represents the number of permutations, n
represents the total number of objects or letters in the given, and p, q
and r represents the number objects or letters that are alike is; P
𝒏!
= 𝒑!𝒒!𝒓!⋯

Now, let’s have an activity. Kindly answer the given activities below.

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 Activity 1 - Solving

Direction: Evaluate the factorial of the following.

4!•3!
1. 2! 6.
3!

2. 5! 7. 3•
! 7!

3. 3• 4! 8. 10 • 4!

4. 6 • 4!

8!
5.
3!

Activity 2.

Direction: Find the number of distinguishable permutations of the letters in

the following given words.

9. ALGEBRA

10. PHILIPPINES

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 11. PUPPY

12. STATISTICS

13. MISSISSIPPI

Reference:
1. Callanta, Melvin M. Grade 10 learner’s material. Pasig City: REX Book
Store, Inc., 2015, pages 291 - 292
2. Padin, Daise Mae B. Besavilla Engineering Mathematics Volume 1.
Cebu City: VIB Publisher, pages 110 – 115

Jouy Hope A. Silabay Ralph D. Lim

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National High Digos City National High
School School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

11
 Answer Key

For teachers use only (Separate sheets)

13.34, 650
12.50, 400
11.20
10.1, 108, 800
9. 2, 520
8. 240
7. 30, 240
6. 24
5. 6, 720
4. 144
3. 72
2. 120
1. 2

Jouy Hope A. Silabay Ralph D. Lim

Writer Layout Artist
Digos City National High Digos City National High
School School

Learning Materials are for nonprofit educational purposes which are exclusively used for
Schools Division of Digos City only. Copies are not for sale.

12
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Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph